Key information about United States External Debt: % of GDP

• United States External Debt accounted for 93.7 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2023, compared with the ratio of 94.4 % in the previous year.
• US External Debt: % of Nominal GDP data is updated yearly, available from Dec 2003 to Dec 2023.
• The data reached an all-time high of 100.0 % in Dec 2020 and a record low of 60.6 % in Dec 2003.

CEIC calculates External Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly External Debt and annual Nominal GDP. The U.S. Department of the Treasury provides External Debt in USD based on BPM6. The Bureau of Economic Analysis provides Nominal GDP in USD. External Debt prior to 2014 is based on BPM5.


Related information about United States External Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports of US, Current Account recorded a deficit of 266.8 USD bn in Jun 2024.
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increased by 93.6 USD bn in Jun 2024.
• US Direct Investment Abroad expanded by 56.2 USD bn in Jun 2024.
• Its Foreign Portfolio Investment increased by 258.7 USD bn in Jun 2024.
• The country's External Debt reached 26,467,035.0 in Mar 2024.
• The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 6,632.4 USD bn in Mar 2023.

In fiscal year 2025, the external debt to GDP ratio in India was estimated to be over ** percent. This was a slight increase compared to the previous fiscal year, when the country's external debt to GDP ratio was about **** percent.

Key information about Germany External Debt: % of GDP

• Germany External Debt accounted for 146.1 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2023, compared with the ratio of 153.5 % in the previous year.
• Germany External Debt: % of Nominal GDP data is updated yearly, available from Dec 1999 to Dec 2023.
• The data reached an all-time high of 168.0 % in Dec 2021 and a record low of 92.9 % in Dec 1999.

CEIC calculates External Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly External Debt and annual Nominal GDP. Deutsche Bundesbank provides External Debt in EUR. Statistisches Bundesamt provides Nominal GDP in EUR.


Related information about Germany External Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports of Germany, Current Account recorded a surplus of 17.5 USD bn in Jul 2024.
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increased by 8.9 USD bn in Jul 2024.
• Germany Direct Investment Abroad expanded by 6.8 USD bn in Jul 2024.
• Its Foreign Portfolio Investment increased by 46.0 USD bn in Jun 2024.
• The country's External Debt reached 6,727,090.7 in Jun 2024.
• The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 1,072.8 USD bn in Mar 2023.

The external debt (or the foreign debt), at any given time, is the outstanding amount of the actual current (and not contingent) liabilities that require payment(s) of principal and/or interest by the debtor at some point(s) in the future and that are owed to non-residents by residents of an economy. The external debt is the portion of a country's debt that was borrowed from creditors outside the country, including commercial banks, other governments or international financial institutions (such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank.). The assets/liabilities include debt securities, such as bonds, notes and money market instruments, as well as loans, deposits, currency, trade credits and advances due to non-residents. The loans must usually be paid in the currency in which they was made. In order to earn the needed currency, the borrowing country may sell and export goods to the lender's country. The data are expressed in % of GDP.

Key information about Nigeria External Debt: % of GDP

• Nigeria External Debt accounted for 11.9 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2023, compared with the ratio of 8.9 % in the previous year.
• Nigeria External Debt: % of Nominal GDP data is updated yearly, available from Dec 1985 to Dec 2023.
• The data reached an all-time high of 57.2 % in Dec 1991 and a record low of 1.1 % in Dec 2008.

CEIC calculates External Debt as % of Nominal GDP from annual External Debt and annual Nominal GDP. Debt Management Office Nigeria provides External Debt in USD. The National Bureau of Statistics provides Nominal GDP in local currency. The Central Bank of Nigeria average market exchange rate is used for currency conversions. External Debt covers General Government Debt only.


Related information about Nigeria External Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports of Nigeria, Current Account recorded a surplus of 1.5 USD bn in Sep 2023.
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increased by 1.2 USD bn in Mar 2023.
• Nigeria Direct Investment Abroad expanded by 44.0 USD mn in Sep 2023.
• Its Foreign Portfolio Investment increased by 2.9 USD bn in Sep 2023.
• The country's External Debt reached 42,495.2 in Dec 2023.
• The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 111.3 USD bn in Mar 2023.

External Debt to GDP in Germany increased to 152 percent of GDP in the first quarter of 2025 from 148 percent of GDP in the fourth quarter of 2024. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Germany External Debt To GDP.

External Debt to GDP in Finland increased to 216 percent of GDP in the first quarter of 2025 from 204 percent of GDP in the fourth quarter of 2024. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Finland External Debt To GDP.

External Debt to GDP in Greece decreased to 236 percent of GDP in the first quarter of 2025 from 237 percent of GDP in the fourth quarter of 2024. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Greece External Debt To GDP.

In 2023, Russia's external debt accounted for ** percent of its gross domestic product (GDP). The ratio marked a decrease compared to the previous year, when it stood at ** percent. The share of external debt of Russia in the GDP amounted to ** percent in 2016, which was the highest figure over the observed period.

External Debt to GDP in Netherlands increased to 355 percent of GDP in the first quarter of 2025 from 349 percent of GDP in the fourth quarter of 2024. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Netherlands External Debt To GDP.

The statistic shows the external debt in Latin America and the Caribbean from 2016 to 2026 in relation to gross domestic product (GDP). In 2024, the external debt of Latin America and the Caribbean was estimated to amount to about 44.77 percent of the gross domestic product.

Key information about Algeria External Debt: % of GDP

• Algeria External Debt accounted for 1.3 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2023, compared with the ratio of 1.3 % in the previous year.
• Algeria External Debt: % of Nominal GDP data is updated yearly, available from Dec 1970 to Dec 2023.
• The data reached an all-time high of 75.1 % in Dec 1995 and a record low of 1.3 % in Dec 2023.

CEIC calculates External Debt as % of Nominal GDP from annual External Debt and annual Nominal GDP. The Bank of Algeria provides External Debt in USD. The National Office of Statistics provides Nominal GDP in local currency based on SNA 2008. The International Monetary Fund average market exchange rate is used for currency conversions. Seasonally adjusted Nominal GDP is used due to unavailability of unadjusted GDP in annual frequency. Nominal GDP prior to 2001 is based on SNA 1993. External Debt prior to 1994 is sourced from the World Bank.


Related information about Algeria External Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports of Algeria, Current Account recorded a deficit of 3.0 USD bn in Dec 2019.
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increased by 440.0 USD mn in Dec 2023.
• Algeria Direct Investment Abroad expanded by 83.6 USD mn in Dec 2023.
• The country's External Debt reached 3,838.0 in Dec 2019.
• The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 51.3 USD bn in Dec 2022.

External Debt to GDP in Spain decreased to 162 percent of GDP in the first quarter of 2025 from 163 percent of GDP in the fourth quarter of 2024. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Spain External Debt To GDP.

External Debt to GDP in Italy increased to 122 percent of GDP in the first quarter of 2025 from 120 percent of GDP in the fourth quarter of 2024. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Italy External Debt To GDP.

As of September 2021, the external debt to GDP ratio in Ghana stood at **** percent, following the rising trend observed since 2018. That year, external debt represented nearly ** percent of the country's GDP. Overall, it was forecast that Ghana's national debt would reach around ** percent of the economy in 2022.

External Debt to GDP in Belgium increased to 245 percent of GDP in the first quarter of 2025 from 243 percent of GDP in the fourth quarter of 2024. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Belgium External Debt To GDP.

In the third quarter of 2024, Greece's national debt was the highest in all the European Union, amounting to 158 percent of Greece's gross domestic product. In spite of Greece's total being high by EU standards, it marks a substantial decrease from the historical high point reached by the country's national debt of 207 percent of GDP in 2020. Italy, France, Spain, Belgium, and Portugal also all have government debt worth over one year's production of their economies, while the small Baltic country of Estonia has the smallest national debt when compared with GDP, at only 24 percent. In debitum incrementum?A country’s national debt, also known as government debt or public debt, is defined as all borrowings owed by the government of a country. It usually comprises internal debt – owed to other governmental departments – and external debt, which is held by the public and is owed to government bond owners. National debt can be caused by a struggling economy in general, or by low tax income, which usually leads to money being borrowed from other governments for support, which in turn cannot be paid back right away. At first glance, a high national debt is not always a sign of a struggling economy – but since increasing debt can slow down economic growth significantly, it is imperative for the respective government to seek a steady reduction in the long run.

External Debt to GDP in Jamaica decreased to 43.10 percent of GDP in 2024 from 46.50 percent of GDP in 2023. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Jamaica External Debt To GDP.

In 2024, Montenegro's external debt accounted for over *** percent of the country's GDP, which was the highest figure recorded in the Western Balkan region. In the same year, Kosovo recorded the lowest external debt in relation to its GDP at **** percent.

External Debt to GDP in Costa Rica decreased to 17 percent of GDP in 2023 from 18.20 percent of GDP in 2022. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Costa Rica External Debt To GDP.