In 2023, the state of Acre had the highest extreme poverty rate in Brazil, with over 13 percent of the population living in extreme poverty. Rio Grande do Sul had the lowest extreme poverty rate at 1.3 percent.

In 2023, the Northeast region of Brazil remained the region with the highest rate of extreme poverty in the country. However, compared to 2022, the rate decreased by around two percent.

In 2023, the prevalence of extreme poverty among black men and women in Brazil was higher than that observed in other demographic groups. In particular, the rate of extreme poverty among black men reached two percent, which was the highest among all demographic groups.

Overall, the percentage of the Brazilian population whose average per capita income was below the extreme poverty line experienced a downward trend between 2001 and 2020. In the case of the unemployed and inactive population, the share fluctuates. All statuses peak in 2021, being for the unemployed sector with the highest difference with 21.9 in share increase among them.

In 2022, the headcount poverty rate at 3.65 U.S. dollars per day in Brazil was 8.42 percent, meaning the share of the Brazilian population living on less than 3.65 dollars per day. The poverty rate increased steadily from 2014 to 2019 when this percentage was 10.75.

In 2023, the share of indigenous population in Brazil that had an average per capita income below the poverty line reached 30 percent. In comparison to the previous year, this represents a decrease of 3.9 percentage points. Overall, in Latin America in 2022, Colombia had the highest share of indigenous population living in extreme poverty.