!!!WARNING~~~This dataset has a large number of flaws and is unable to properly answer many questions that people generally use it to answer, such as whether national hate crimes are changing (or at least they use the data so improperly that they get the wrong answer). A large number of people using this data (academics, advocates, reporting, US Congress) do so inappropriately and get the wrong answer to their questions as a result. Indeed, many published papers using this data should be retracted. Before using this data I highly recommend that you thoroughly read my book on UCR data, particularly the chapter on hate crimes (https://ucrbook.com/hate-crimes.html) as well as the FBI's own manual on this data. The questions you could potentially answer well are relatively narrow and generally exclude any causal relationships. ~~~WARNING!!!For a comprehensive guide to this data and other UCR data, please see my book at ucrbook.comVersion 12 release notes:Adds .parquet file formatVersion 11 release notes:Adds 2023-2024 dataVersion 10 release notes:Adds 2022 dataVersion 9 release notes:Adds 2021 data.Version 8 release notes:Adds 2019 and 2020 data. Please note that the FBI has retired UCR data ending in 2020 data so this will be the last UCR hate crime data they release. Changes .rda file to .rds.Version 7 release notes:Changes release notes description, does not change data.Version 6 release notes:Adds 2018 dataVersion 5 release notes:Adds data in the following formats: SPSS, SAS, and Excel.Changes project name to avoid confusing this data for the ones done by NACJD.Adds data for 1991.Fixes bug where bias motivation "anti-lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender, mixed group (lgbt)" was labeled "anti-homosexual (gay and lesbian)" prior to 2013 causing there to be two columns and zero values for years with the wrong label.All data is now directly from the FBI, not NACJD. The data initially comes as ASCII+SPSS Setup files and read into R using the package asciiSetupReader. All work to clean the data and save it in various file formats was also done in R. Version 4 release notes: Adds data for 2017.Adds rows that submitted a zero-report (i.e. that agency reported no hate crimes in the year). This is for all years 1992-2017. Made changes to categorical variables (e.g. bias motivation columns) to make categories consistent over time. Different years had slightly different names (e.g. 'anti-am indian' and 'anti-american indian') which I made consistent. Made the 'population' column which is the total population in that agency. Version 3 release notes: Adds data for 2016.Order rows by year (descending) and ORI.Version 2 release notes: Fix bug where Philadelphia Police Department had incorrect FIPS county code. The Hate Crime data is an FBI data set that is part of the annual Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program data. This data contains information about hate crimes reported in the United States. Please note that the files are quite large and may take some time to open.Each row indicates a hate crime incident for an agency in a given year. I have made a unique ID column ("unique_id") by combining the year, agency ORI9 (the 9 character Originating Identifier code), and incident number columns together. Each column is a variable related to that incident or to the reporting agency. Some of the important columns are the incident date, what crime occurred (up to 10 crimes), the number of victims for each of these crimes, the bias motivation for each of these crimes, and the location of each crime. It also includes the total number of victims, total number of offenders, and race of offenders (as a group). Finally, it has a number of columns indicating if the victim for each offense was a certain type of victim or not (e.g. individual victim, business victim religious victim, etc.). The only changes I made to the data are the following. Minor changes to column names to make all column names 32 characters or fewer (so it can be saved in a Stata format), made all character values lower case, reordered columns. I also generated incident month, weekday, and month-day variables from the incident date variable included in the original data.

Anti-Jewish attacks were the most common form of anti-religious group hate crimes in the United States in 2023, with ***** cases. Anti-Islamic hate crimes were the second most common anti-religious hate crimes in that year, with *** incidents.

In 2023, the violent crime rate in the United States was 363.8 cases per 100,000 of the population. Even though the violent crime rate has been decreasing since 1990, the United States tops the ranking of countries with the most prisoners. In addition, due to the FBI's transition to a new crime reporting system in which law enforcement agencies voluntarily submit crime reports, data may not accurately reflect the total number of crimes committed in recent years. Reported violent crime rate in the United States The United States Federal Bureau of Investigation tracks the rate of reported violent crimes per 100,000 U.S. inhabitants. In the timeline above, rates are shown starting in 1990. The rate of reported violent crime has fallen since a high of 758.20 reported crimes in 1991 to a low of 363.6 reported violent crimes in 2014. In 2023, there were around 1.22 million violent crimes reported to the FBI in the United States. This number can be compared to the total number of property crimes, roughly 6.41 million that year. Of violent crimes in 2023, aggravated assaults were the most common offenses in the United States, while homicide offenses were the least common. Law enforcement officers and crime clearance Though the violent crime rate was down in 2013, the number of law enforcement officers also fell. Between 2005 and 2009, the number of law enforcement officers in the United States rose from around 673,100 to 708,800. However, since 2009, the number of officers fell to a low of 626,900 officers in 2013. The number of law enforcement officers has since grown, reaching 720,652 in 2023. In 2023, the crime clearance rate in the U.S. was highest for murder and non-negligent manslaughter charges, with around 57.8 percent of murders being solved by investigators and a suspect being charged with the crime. Additionally, roughly 46.1 percent of aggravated assaults were cleared in that year. A statistics report on violent crime in the U.S. can be found here.

As of April 8, **** percent of special agents in the FBI were female in 2024, compared to **** percent who were male. However, more women than men held careers in the FBI as professional staff or intelligence analysts. In that year, **** percent of the entire FBI workforce was female. The FBI The FBI is the United States government agency that deals with national security and law enforcement. As the principal agency that deals with law enforcement, it is primarily focused on domestic issues. The FBI focuses on protecting the United States from terrorist attacks, protecting civil rights, and protecting the United States from foreign espionage and cyber-attacks. The FBI is broken down into six branches, each lead by an executive director. FBI findings As one of the most important agencies in the United States, it was estimated that the FBI spent over *** billion U.S. dollars on all programs in 2020. With the goal to protect Americans domestically, it sees all different types of crime. In 2023, assault and drug and narcotic offenses were the leading reasons for arrest by the FBI. Furthermore, hate crimes have been on the rise lately in the United States, with race, ethnicity, and/or ancestry being the leading reason for hate crime arrests nationwide.

Version 11 release notes:Adds 2023-2024 dataMakes some changes to offense description (e.g. change description of "fondling") and victim-offender relationship values to be consistent with FBI changes. This affects all years, not just 2023-2024.Adds .parquet file formats. Version 10 release notes:Updates 2021 Property Segment and Window Recovered Property Segment to fix issue in older version of FBI data where the drug type column incorrectly had the values of the quantity unit column, which then made every subsequent column incorrect. This led to strange behavior such as zero marijuana values and an incredibly high number of opium values because opium has the value of "G" and "GM" for gram is extremely common as a quantity unit. This was an error in the FBI Master File I downloaded shortly after the 2021 data was released and was fixed when I downloaded the current version of the file which has a date of 8/17/2023 in the zip file. Both files were downloaded from the FBI's Crime Data Explorer website. Thank you to Roland Neil for informing me about this issue. Version 9 release notes:Adds 2022 dataVersion 8 release notes:Fixes issue where 2021 Property Segment data was excluded. Thank you to Uriel Lomeli for telling me about this issue.Version 7 release notes:Adds 2021 data.Version 6 release notes:Adds batch header segments for all years. Version 5 release notes:Adds 2020 dataVersion 4 release notes:Fix bug where most years had arrestee and property were incorrectly window arrestee and window property segments.Changes R files from .rda to .rds.Version 3 release notes:Adds 2019 dataVersion 2 release notes:Changes release notes description, does not change data.These data are the FBI's National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) data for years 1991-2018. NIBRS data are incident-level data that have highly detailed information for each crime that is reported to the police agency. This data has 10 segments. Each segment has different data about the crime. AdministrativeBasic information about the crime incident - this is basically metadata about the other segments for this crime. This includes the date of the crime, the number of offense segments, the number of victim segments, the number of offender segments, the number of arrestee segments, if the crime was cleared exceptionally and (if it was) what date it was cleared. ArresteeArrestee-level information for those who are arrested. This includes demographics (age, sex, race, ethnicity), the date of the arrest (can be different than the date of the crime), what weapon (if any) was used, and the outcome of the case if the arrestee was a juvenile. Group B Arrest ReportsArrestee-level information for those who are arrested for Group B crimes. This includes the same variables as the arrestee segment. OffenderOffender-level information for each offender. Includes offender demographics (age, sex, race, ethnicity).OffenseDetailed information about each crime. Includes the weapon used (if any), the location of the crime, if the offender was intoxicated (including drugs and alcohol), and what their bias motivation (if any) was (if there is one, this would be considered a hate crime). PropertyInformation about property involved in the crime (i.e. drugs or stolen property). This includes the value of the property, what type of the property it was, when it was recovered. For drugs, this includes the drug and its quantity. VictimVictim-level information for each victim of a crime. Includes victim demographics (age, sex, race, ethnicity), injury, and relationship to the offender(s).Window ArresteeWindows segments have the same columns as their non-window counterparts and are incidents that occurred prior to the year of data or prior to when the agency started reporting to NIBRS.Window Exceptional ClearanceWindows segments have the same columns as their non-window counterparts and are incidents that occurred prior to the year of data or prior to when the agency started reporting to NIBRS.Window PropertyWindows segments have the same columns as their non-window counterparts and are incidents that occurred prior to the year of data or prior to when the agency started reporting to NIBRS.Due to the large file size, each year is its own file. All segment headers are available except for the batch headers. What I did here was read the data into R and save it as R and