Nigeria foreign direct investment for 2023 was 1.87 billion US dollars, a 1102.46% decline from 2022.

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<li>Nigeria foreign direct investment for 2022 was <strong>-186.79 million US dollars</strong>, a <strong>105.64% decline</strong> from 2021.</li>
<li>Nigeria foreign direct investment for 2021 was <strong>3.31 billion US dollars</strong>, a <strong>38.9% increase</strong> from 2020.</li>
<li>Nigeria foreign direct investment for 2020 was <strong>2.39 billion US dollars</strong>, a <strong>3.48% increase</strong> from 2019.</li>
</ul>Foreign direct investment refers to direct investment equity flows in the reporting economy. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, and other capital. Direct investment is a category of cross-border investment associated with a resident in one economy having control or a significant degree of influence on the management of an enterprise that is resident in another economy. Ownership of 10 percent or more of the ordinary shares of voting stock is the criterion for determining the existence of a direct investment relationship. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Key information about Nigeria Foreign Direct Investment

• Nigeria Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increased by 1.2 USD bn in Mar 2023, compared with an increase of 752.7 USD mn in the previous quarter.
• Nigeria Foreign Direct Investment: USD mn net flows data is updated quarterly, available from Mar 2014 to Mar 2023.
• The data reached an all-time high of 1.6 USD bn in Jun 2021 and a record low of -1.5 USD bn in Jun 2022.

Related information about Nigeria Foreign Direct Investment

• In the latest reports of Nigeria, Current Account recorded a surplus of 2.3 USD bn in Dec 2022.
• Nigeria Direct Investment Abroad expanded by 274.7 USD mn in Dec 2022.
• Its Foreign Portfolio Investment increased by 337.4 USD mn in Dec 2022.
• The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 111.3 USD bn in Mar 2023.

Foreign Direct Investment in Nigeria increased by 307.82 USD Million in the fourth quarter of 2024. This dataset provides - Nigeria Foreign Direct Investment - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

As of 2020, foreign direct investment (FDI) outflows from Nigeria achieved a negative value of nearly 338 million U.S. dollars. The value considerably decreased compared to the previous years under study. In 2014, over 1.6 billion U.S. dollars in direct investment equity from the country were registered, the highest value since 2010.

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows in Nigeria registered a decrease of around 190 million U.S. dollars in 2022, compared to a surplus of 3.31 billion U.S. dollars in the preceding year. In 2011, a peak of 8.84 billion U.S. dollars was achieved. Moreover, in 2018, a considerable drop was registered, as FDI in the country amounted to 780 million U.S. dollars.

Key information about Nigeria Foreign Direct Investment: % of GDP

• Nigeria Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) registered a growth equal to 1.3 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Sep 2024, compared with a growth equal to 1.2 % in the previous quarter.
• Nigeria Foreign Direct Investment: % of Nominal GDP data is updated quarterly, available from Mar 2010 to Sep 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 2.5 % in Dec 2012 and a record low -0.7 % in Mar 2024.

CEIC calculates Foreign Direct Investment as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly Foreign Direct Investment and quarterly Nominal GDP. The Central Bank of Nigeria provides Foreign Direct Investment in USD. The National Bureau of Statistics provides Nominal GDP in local currency, at basic prices. The Central Bank of Nigeria average market exchange rate is used for currency conversions. Foreign Direct Investment prior to Q1 2014 is based on BPM5.


Related information about Nigeria Foreign Direct Investment: % of GDP

• In the latest reports of Nigeria, Current Account recorded a surplus of 5.1 USD bn in Jun 2024.
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increased by 1.2 USD bn in Mar 2023.
• Nigeria Direct Investment Abroad fell by 831.3 USD mn in Jun 2024.
• Its Foreign Portfolio Investment increased by 4.4 USD bn in Jun 2024.
• The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 111.3 USD bn in Mar 2023.

Between April and June 2023, the flow of foreign direct investment (FDI) into Nigeria amounted to some 86.03 million U.S. dollars. Compared to the previous quarter, this value experienced a increase. For instance, as of Q1 2023, FDI in the country stood at around 47.6 million U.S. dollars.

Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP) in Nigeria was reported at 0.51465 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Nigeria - Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on June of 2025.

Saudi Arabia Foreign Direct Investment: Outflow: Nigeria data was reported at 0.065 SAR mn in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.002 SAR mn for 2022. Saudi Arabia Foreign Direct Investment: Outflow: Nigeria data is updated yearly, averaging 0.001 SAR mn from Dec 2016 (Median) to 2023, with 8 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.263 SAR mn in 2018 and a record low of 0.000 SAR mn in 2020. Saudi Arabia Foreign Direct Investment: Outflow: Nigeria data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Investment. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Saudi Arabia – Table SA.O013: Foreign Direct Investment: ISIC4: by Country (Annual).

Belgium Foreign Direct Investment Income: Inward: Total: Nigeria data was reported at -2.000 EUR mn in 2020. Belgium Foreign Direct Investment Income: Inward: Total: Nigeria data is updated yearly, averaging -2.000 EUR mn from Dec 2020 (Median) to 2020, with 1 observations. The data reached an all-time high of -2.000 EUR mn in 2020 and a record low of -2.000 EUR mn in 2020. Belgium Foreign Direct Investment Income: Inward: Total: Nigeria data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Belgium – Table BE.OECD.FDI: Foreign Direct Investment Income: by Region and Country: OECD Member: Annual. Reverse investment:Reverse investment in equity (when a direct investment enterprise acquires less than 10% equity ownership in its parent) has never been observed or is very negligible. It would be treated as portfolio investment in theory. Netting of reverse investment in debt (when a direct investment enterprise extends a loan to its parent) is applied in the recording of total inward and outward FDI transactions and positions. Treatment of debt transactions and positions between fellow enterprises: directional basis according to the residency of the ultimate controlling parent (extended directional principle). FDI transactions and positions by partner country and/or by industry are available excluding and including resident Special Purpose Entities (SPEs). The dataset 'FDI statistics by parner country and by industry - Summary' contains series excluding resident SPEs only. Valuation method used for listed inward and outward equity positions: Own funds at book value, Book value. Valuation method used for unlisted inward and outward equity positions: Own funds at book value, Book value; FDI statistics are available by geographic allocation, vis-à-vis single partner countries worldwide and geographical and economic zones aggregates. Partner country allocation can be subject to confidentiality restrictions. Geographic allocation of inward and outward FDI transactions and positions is according to the immediate counterparty. Intercompany debt between related financial intermediaries, including permanent debt, are excluded from FDI transactions and positions. Direct investment relationships are identified according to the criteria of the Participation Multiplication Method (PMM) method. Debt between fellow enterprises are completely covered. Collective investment institutions are not covered as direct investment enterprises. FDI statistics are available by industry sectors according to ISIC4 classification. Industry sector allocation can be subject to confidentiality restrictions. Inward FDI transactions and positions are allocated to the activity of the resident direct investment enterprise. Outward FDI transactions and posisitons are allocated according to the activity of the resident direct investor. Statistical unit: Enterprise.

Vietnam (FDI) Foreign Direct Investment: Year to Date: Registered Cap: Total: Nigeria data was reported at 1.660 USD mn in Apr 2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.188 USD mn for Mar 2020. Vietnam (FDI) Foreign Direct Investment: Year to Date: Registered Cap: Total: Nigeria data is updated monthly, averaging 0.605 USD mn from Nov 2013 (Median) to Apr 2020, with 63 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 27.675 USD mn in Oct 2018 and a record low of 0.015 USD mn in Dec 2013. Vietnam (FDI) Foreign Direct Investment: Year to Date: Registered Cap: Total: Nigeria data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Foreign Investment Agency. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Vietnam – Table VN.O014: Foreign Direct Investment: Inflow: ytd: By Country or Region. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

Vietnam (FDI) Foreign Direct Investment: Year to Date: Registered Cap: Addtl: Nigeria data was reported at 0.048 USD mn in Apr 2020. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.048 USD mn for Mar 2020. Vietnam (FDI) Foreign Direct Investment: Year to Date: Registered Cap: Addtl: Nigeria data is updated monthly, averaging 0.094 USD mn from May 2016 (Median) to Apr 2020, with 12 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.094 USD mn in Dec 2016 and a record low of 0.048 USD mn in Apr 2020. Vietnam (FDI) Foreign Direct Investment: Year to Date: Registered Cap: Addtl: Nigeria data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Foreign Investment Agency. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Vietnam – Table VN.O014: Foreign Direct Investment: Inflow: ytd: By Country or Region. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

Czech Republic CZ: Foreign Direct Investment Financial Flows: Inward: Total: Nigeria data was reported at -1.379 CZK mn in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 275.836 CZK mn for 2020. Czech Republic CZ: Foreign Direct Investment Financial Flows: Inward: Total: Nigeria data is updated yearly, averaging -28.307 CZK mn from Dec 2013 (Median) to 2023, with 6 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 275.836 CZK mn in 2020 and a record low of -111.980 CZK mn in 2019. Czech Republic CZ: Foreign Direct Investment Financial Flows: Inward: Total: Nigeria data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Czech Republic – Table CZ.OECD.FDI: Foreign Direct Investment Financial Flows: by Region and Country: OECD Member: Annual. Reverse investment: Netting of reverse investment in equity (when a direct investment enterprise acquires less than 10% equity ownership in its parent) and reverse investment in debt (when a direct investment enterprise extends a loan to its parent) is not applied in the recording of total inward and outward FDi transactions and positions. Such cases have never been observed. Treatment of debt FDI transactions and positions between fellow enterprises: directional basis according to the residency of the direct investor. Resident Special Purpose Entities (SPEs) do not exist or are not significant and are recorded as zero in the FDI database. Valuation method used for listed inward and outward equity positions: Own funds at book value. Valuation method used for unlisted inward and outward equity positions: Own funds at book value. Valuation method used for inward and outward debt positions: Nominal value.; FDI statistics are available by geographic allocation, vis-à-vis single partner countries worldwide and geographical and economic zones aggregates. Partner country allocation can be subject to confidentiality restrictions. Geographic allocation of inward and outward FDI transactions and positions is according to the immediate counterparty. Inward FDI positions according to the ultimate counterparty (the ultimate investing country) are also available and publishable. In the dataset 'FDI statistics by parner country and by industry - Summary', inward FDI positions are showed according to the UIC. Intercompany debt between related financial intermediaries, including permanent debt, are excluded from FDI transactions and positions. Direct investment relationships are identified according to the criteria of the Framework for Direct Investment Relationships (FDIR) method. Debt between fellow enterprises are completely covered. Collective investment institutions are covered as direct investment enterprises. FDI statistics are available by industry sectors according to ISIC4 classification. Industry sector allocation can be subject to confidentiality restrictions. Inward FDI transactions and positions are allocated to the activity of the resident direct investment enterprise. Outward FDI transactions are allocated according to the activity of the non resident direct investment enterprise. Outward FDI positions are allocated according to the activity of the non resident direct investment enterprise. Statistical unit: Enterprise.

China (FDI) Foreign Direct Investment: Utilized: Africa: Nigeria data was reported at 6.250 USD mn in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.870 USD mn for 2016. China (FDI) Foreign Direct Investment: Utilized: Africa: Nigeria data is updated yearly, averaging 5.625 USD mn from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2017, with 26 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 55.040 USD mn in 2008 and a record low of 0.020 USD mn in 1997. China (FDI) Foreign Direct Investment: Utilized: Africa: Nigeria data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Commerce. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Investment – Table CN.OA: Foreign Direct Investment: Capital Utilized: by Country.

GlobalData expects Nigeria’s construction industry to contract by 12.8% in 2020, and foresees that weak public investment, alongside limited foreign direct investment (FDI) amid the global economic downturn, will push Nigeria into a steep recession. The negative impact from the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, lockdown measures and low oil prices has already been felt across all sectors, especially in retail and real estate. Read More

The average for 2023 based on 173 countries was 3.16 percent. The highest value was in Malta: 99.73 percent and the lowest value was in Luxembourg: -73.24 percent. The indicator is available from 1970 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

Foreign Direct Investment Financial Flows: Inward: Total: Nigeria data was reported at -30.000 EUR mn in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 83.000 EUR mn for 2020. Foreign Direct Investment Financial Flows: Inward: Total: Nigeria data is updated yearly, averaging 77.500 EUR mn from Dec 2013 (Median) to 2023, with 4 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 429.000 EUR mn in 2014 and a record low of -30.000 EUR mn in 2023. Foreign Direct Investment Financial Flows: Inward: Total: Nigeria data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Belgium – Table BE.OECD.FDI: Foreign Direct Investment Financial Flows: by Region and Country: OECD Member: Annual. Reverse investment:Reverse investment in equity (when a direct investment enterprise acquires less than 10% equity ownership in its parent) has never been observed or is very negligible. It would be treated as portfolio investment in theory. Netting of reverse investment in debt (when a direct investment enterprise extends a loan to its parent) is applied in the recording of total inward and outward FDI transactions and positions. Treatment of debt transactions and positions between fellow enterprises: directional basis according to the residency of the ultimate controlling parent (extended directional principle). FDI transactions and positions by partner country and/or by industry are available excluding and including resident Special Purpose Entities (SPEs). The dataset 'FDI statistics by parner country and by industry - Summary' contains series excluding resident SPEs only. Valuation method used for listed inward and outward equity positions: Own funds at book value, Book value. Valuation method used for unlisted inward and outward equity positions: Own funds at book value, Book value; FDI statistics are available by geographic allocation, vis-à-vis single partner countries worldwide and geographical and economic zones aggregates. Partner country allocation can be subject to confidentiality restrictions. Geographic allocation of inward and outward FDI transactions and positions is according to the immediate counterparty. Intercompany debt between related financial intermediaries, including permanent debt, are excluded from FDI transactions and positions. Direct investment relationships are identified according to the criteria of the Participation Multiplication Method (PMM) method. Debt between fellow enterprises are completely covered. Collective investment institutions are not covered as direct investment enterprises. FDI statistics are available by industry sectors according to ISIC4 classification. Industry sector allocation can be subject to confidentiality restrictions. Inward FDI transactions and positions are allocated to the activity of the resident direct investment enterprise. Outward FDI transactions and posisitons are allocated according to the activity of the resident direct investor. Statistical unit: Enterprise.

Czech Republic CZ: Foreign Direct Investment Financial Flows: Inward: USD: Total: Nigeria data was reported at -0.062 USD mn in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 11.883 USD mn for 2020. Czech Republic CZ: Foreign Direct Investment Financial Flows: Inward: USD: Total: Nigeria data is updated yearly, averaging -1.212 USD mn from Dec 2013 (Median) to 2023, with 6 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 11.883 USD mn in 2020 and a record low of -4.883 USD mn in 2019. Czech Republic CZ: Foreign Direct Investment Financial Flows: Inward: USD: Total: Nigeria data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Czech Republic – Table CZ.OECD.FDI: Foreign Direct Investment Financial Flows: USD: by Region and Country: OECD Member: Annual. Reverse investment: Netting of reverse investment in equity (when a direct investment enterprise acquires less than 10% equity ownership in its parent) and reverse investment in debt (when a direct investment enterprise extends a loan to its parent) is not applied in the recording of total inward and outward FDi transactions and positions. Such cases have never been observed. Treatment of debt FDI transactions and positions between fellow enterprises: directional basis according to the residency of the direct investor. Resident Special Purpose Entities (SPEs) do not exist or are not significant and are recorded as zero in the FDI database. Valuation method used for listed inward and outward equity positions: Own funds at book value. Valuation method used for unlisted inward and outward equity positions: Own funds at book value. Valuation method used for inward and outward debt positions: Nominal value.; FDI statistics are available by geographic allocation, vis-à-vis single partner countries worldwide and geographical and economic zones aggregates. Partner country allocation can be subject to confidentiality restrictions. Geographic allocation of inward and outward FDI transactions and positions is according to the immediate counterparty. Inward FDI positions according to the ultimate counterparty (the ultimate investing country) are also available and publishable. In the dataset 'FDI statistics by parner country and by industry - Summary', inward FDI positions are showed according to the UIC. Intercompany debt between related financial intermediaries, including permanent debt, are excluded from FDI transactions and positions. Direct investment relationships are identified according to the criteria of the Framework for Direct Investment Relationships (FDIR) method. Debt between fellow enterprises are completely covered. Collective investment institutions are covered as direct investment enterprises. FDI statistics are available by industry sectors according to ISIC4 classification. Industry sector allocation can be subject to confidentiality restrictions. Inward FDI transactions and positions are allocated to the activity of the resident direct investment enterprise. Outward FDI transactions are allocated according to the activity of the non resident direct investment enterprise. Outward FDI positions are allocated according to the activity of the non resident direct investment enterprise. Statistical unit: Enterprise.

Ukraine (FDI) Foreign Direct Investment: Flow: Nigeria data was reported at 0.000 USD mn in Mar 2024. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 USD mn for Sep 2023. Ukraine (FDI) Foreign Direct Investment: Flow: Nigeria data is updated quarterly, averaging 0.000 USD mn from Mar 2019 (Median) to Mar 2024, with 18 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 USD mn in Mar 2024 and a record low of -0.001 USD mn in Dec 2020. Ukraine (FDI) Foreign Direct Investment: Flow: Nigeria data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bank of Ukraine. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ukraine – Table UA.O005: Foreign Direct Investment: Flows: by Countries.

Ireland IE: Foreign Direct Investment Financial Flows: Outward: Total: Nigeria data was reported at 0.039 EUR mn in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 26.637 EUR mn for 2020. Ireland IE: Foreign Direct Investment Financial Flows: Outward: Total: Nigeria data is updated yearly, averaging 0.000 EUR mn from Dec 2012 (Median) to 2023, with 6 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 26.637 EUR mn in 2020 and a record low of 0.000 EUR mn in 2017. Ireland IE: Foreign Direct Investment Financial Flows: Outward: Total: Nigeria data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ireland – Table IE.OECD.FDI: Foreign Direct Investment Financial Flows: by Region and Country: OECD Member: Annual. Reverse investment: Netting of reverse investment in equity (when a direct investment enterprise acquires less than 10% equity ownership in its parent) and reverse investment in debt (when a direct investment enterprise extends a loan to its parent) is applied in the recording of total inward and outward FDI transactions and positions. Treatment of debt FDI transactions and positions between fellow enterprises: directional basis according to the residency of the ultimate controlling parent (extended directional principle). FDI transactions and positions by partner country and/or by industry are available excluding and including resident Special Purpose Entities (SPEs). The dataset 'FDI statistics by parner country and by industry - Summary' contains series including resident SPEs only. Valuation method used for listed inward and outward equity positions: Market value, Own funds at book value. Valuation method used for unlisted inward and outward equity positions: Own funds at book value. Valuation method used for inward and outward debt positions: Market value .; FDI statistics are available by geographic allocation, vis-à-vis single partner countries worldwide and geographical and economic zones aggregates. Partner country allocation can be subject to confidentiality restrictions. Geographic allocation of inward and outward FDI transactions and positions is according to the immediate counterparty. Intercompany debt between related financial intermediaries, including permanent debt, are not excluded from FDI transactions and positions. Direct investment relationships are identified according to the criteria of the Framework for Direct Investment Relationships (FDIR) method. Debt between fellow enterprises are completely covered. Collective investment institutions are not covered as direct investment enterprises. Non-profit institutions serving households are covered as direct investors. FDI statistics are available by industry sectors according to ISIC4 classification. Industry sector allocation can be subject to confidentiality restrictions. Inward FDI transactions and positions are allocated to the activity of the resident direct investment enterprise. Outward FDI transactions and positions are allocated according to the activity of the resident direct investor. Statistical unit: Enterprise.