View the total value of the assets of all Federal Reserve Banks as reported in the weekly balance sheet.

The Federal Reserve's balance sheet has undergone significant changes since 2007, reflecting its response to major economic crises. From a modest *** trillion U.S. dollars at the end of 2007, it ballooned to approximately **** trillion U.S. dollars by June 2025. This dramatic expansion, particularly during the 2008 financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic - both of which resulted in negative annual GDP growth in the U.S. - showcases the Fed's crucial role in stabilizing the economy through expansionary monetary policies. Impact on inflation and interest rates The Fed's expansionary measures, while aimed at stimulating economic growth, have had notable effects on inflation and interest rates. Following the quantitative easing in 2020, inflation in the United States reached ***** percent in 2022, the highest since 1991. However, by *************, inflation had declined to *** percent. Concurrently, the Federal Reserve implemented a series of interest rate hikes, with the rate peaking at **** percent in ***********, before the first rate cut since ************** occurred in **************. Financial implications for the Federal Reserve The expansion of the Fed's balance sheet and subsequent interest rate hikes have had significant financial implications. In 2023, the Fed reported a negative net income of ***** billion U.S. dollars, a stark contrast to the ***** billion U.S. dollars profit in 2022. This unprecedented shift was primarily due to rapidly rising interest rates, which caused the Fed's interest expenses to soar to over *** billion U.S. dollars in 2023. Despite this, the Fed's net interest income on securities acquired through open market operations reached a record high of ****** billion U.S. dollars in the same year.

Central Bank Balance Sheet in the United States increased to 6661912 USD Million in July 9 from 6659598 USD Million in the previous week. This dataset provides - United States Central Bank Balance Sheet - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The Federal Reserve's balance sheet ballooned following its announcement to carry out quantitative easing to increase the liquidity of U.S. banks in early 2020. The balance sheet continued to grow in the following period as well, with a downward trend in 2023. As of February 29, 2024, the Fed's balance sheet amounted to roughly 7.6 trillion U.S. dollars. The most drastic increase in the observed period took place in the first half of 2020. This measure was taken to increase the money supply and stimulate economic growth in the wake of the damage caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The Federal Reserve was not the only institution that implemented an expansionary monetary policy in response to the pandemic. For instance, the European Central Bank expanded its money supply in March 2020 and kept doing so over the following months. How do central banks increase the amount of money in circulation? Central banks can increase the money circulating in the economy in many ways. For instance, they can decrease banks’ reserve requirements to stimulate lending or decrease the interest rates to reduce the cost of borrowing for commercial banks. Alternatively, central banks can engage in open market operations (OMO) and buy securities such as government bonds from commercial banks or institutions. By conducting open market operations, the Federal Reserve expanded its balance sheet by seven trillion U.S. dollars between 2007 and 2023. All these measures aim to increase bank loans to entrepreneurs and consumers in order to stimulate employment and economic growth. Impact of COVID-19 on the U.S. economy The COVID-19 pandemic had a tremendous impact on national economies worldwide, and the United States was no exception. During the early months of the crisis, many lost their jobs, mostly those in lower-income categories. As a consequence, many Americans found it difficult to pay their rent and cover basic household expenses. Furthermore, in April 2022, most small business owners claimed that the pandemic had a large or moderate negative effect on their businesses. Overall, the gross domestic product (GDP) of the United States decreased by roughly 2.2 percent in 2020. In the following years, however, it increased notably, surpassing 25 trillion U.S. dollars in 2022.

Graph and download economic data for Assets: Total Assets: Total Assets: Wednesday Level (RESPPANWW) from 2002-12-18 to 2025-06-18 about assets and USA.

Central Bank Balance Sheet in Japan decreased to 717494.20 JPY Billion in June from 733603.50 JPY Billion in May of 2025. This dataset provides - Japan Central Bank Balance Sheet - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Central Bank Balance Sheet in China decreased to 450997.98 CNY Hundred Million in May from 455203.33 CNY Hundred Million in April of 2025. This dataset provides - China Central Bank Balance Sheet - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Graph and download economic data for Assets: Securities Held Outright: U.S. Treasury Securities: All: Wednesday Level (TREAST) from 2002-12-18 to 2025-07-09 about maturity, securities, Treasury, and USA.

Central Bank Balance Sheet in Canada increased to 253362 CAD Million in May from 251057 CAD Million in April of 2025. This dataset provides - Canada Central Bank Balance Sheet - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Graph and download economic data for Households; Owners' Equity in Real Estate, Level (OEHRENWBSHNO) from Q4 1945 to Q1 2025 about net worth, balance sheet, nonprofit organizations, equity, real estate, Net, households, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Money Market Funds; Total Financial Assets, Level (MMMFFAQ027S) from Q4 1945 to Q1 2025 about MMMF, IMA, financial, assets, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Liabilities and Capital: Liabilities: Deposits with F.R. Banks, Other Than Reserve Balances: U.S. Treasury, General Account: Week Average (WTREGEN) from 1986-01-08 to 2025-07-09 about general accounts, accounting, balance, reserves, deposits, Treasury, banks, depository institutions, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Overnight Reverse Repurchase Agreements: Treasury Securities Sold by the Federal Reserve in the Temporary Open Market Operations (RRPONTSYD) from 2003-02-07 to 2025-06-20 about reverse repos, overnight, trade, securities, Treasury, sales, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Bank of England Balance Sheet - Total Assets in the United Kingdom (BOEBSTAUKA) from 1701 to 2016 about balance sheet, academic data, United Kingdom, and assets.

This table represents the breakdown of taxes that are received by the federal government. Federal taxes received are represented as deposits in the Deposits and Withdrawals of Operating Cash table. All figures are rounded to the nearest million.

This table represents the issues and redemption of marketable and nonmarketable securities. All figures are rounded to the nearest million.

This table represents the breakdown of total public debt outstanding as it relates to the statutory debt limit. All figures are rounded to the nearest million.

Graph and download economic data for Assets: Securities Held Outright: Mortgage-Backed Securities: Wednesday Level (WSHOMCB) from 2002-12-18 to 2025-06-11 about outright, mortgage-backed, securities, assets, and USA.

This table represents the amount Treasury has in short-term cash investments. Deposits and withdrawals of short-term cash investments are also represented in the Deposits and Withdrawals of Operating Cash table. This program was suspended indefinitely in 2008. All figures are rounded to the nearest million. As of February 14, 2023, Table V Short Term Cash Investments will no longer be updated and removed from the published report. The historical data will remain available.

This table represents the breakdown of tax refunds by recipient (individual vs business) and type (check vs electronic funds transfer). Tax refunds are also represented as withdrawals in the Deposits and Withdrawals of Operating Cash table. All figures are rounded to the nearest million. As of February 14, 2023, Table VI Income Tax Refunds Issued was renamed to Table V Income Tax Refunds Issued within the published report.