The benchmark interest rate in the United States was last recorded at 4 percent. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - United States Fed Funds Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Graph and download economic data for FOMC Summary of Economic Projections for the Fed Funds Rate, Median (FEDTARMD) from 2025 to 2028 about projection, federal, median, rate, and USA.

The 'Fed Interest Rate Decision' is an economic event where the Federal Reserve announces changes to the federal funds rate, which is the interest rate at which banks lend to each other overnight.

The U.S. federal funds effective rate underwent a dramatic reduction in early 2020 in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The rate plummeted from 1.58 percent in February 2020 to 0.65 percent in March and further decreased to 0.05 percent in April. This sharp reduction, accompanied by the Federal Reserve's quantitative easing program, was implemented to stabilize the economy during the global health crisis. After maintaining historically low rates for nearly two years, the Federal Reserve began a series of rate hikes in early 2022, with the rate moving from 0.33 percent in April 2022 to 5.33 percent in August 2023. The rate remained unchanged for over a year before the Federal Reserve initiated its first rate cut in nearly three years in September 2024, bringing the rate to 5.13 percent. By December 2024, the rate was cut to 4.48 percent, signaling a shift in monetary policy in the second half of 2024. In January 2025, the Federal Reserve implemented another cut, setting the rate at 4.33 percent, which remained unchanged until September 2025, when another cut set the rate at 4.22 percent. In October 2025, the rate was further reduced to 4.09 percent. What is the federal funds effective rate? The U.S. federal funds effective rate determines the interest rate paid by depository institutions, such as banks and credit unions, that lend reserve balances to other depository institutions overnight. Changing the effective rate in times of crisis is a common way to stimulate the economy, as it has a significant impact on the whole economy, such as economic growth, employment, and inflation. Central bank policy rates The adjustment of interest rates in response to the COVID-19 pandemic was a coordinated global effort. In early 2020, central banks worldwide implemented aggressive monetary easing policies to combat the economic crisis. The U.S. Federal Reserve's dramatic reduction of its federal funds rate—from 1.58 percent in February 2020 to 0.05 percent by April—mirrored similar actions taken by central banks globally. While these low rates remained in place throughout 2021, mounting inflationary pressures led to a synchronized tightening cycle beginning in 2022, with central banks pushing rates to multi-year highs. By mid-2024, as inflation moderated across major economies, central banks began implementing their first rate cuts in several years, with the U.S. Federal Reserve, Bank of England, and European Central Bank all easing monetary policy.

View all news and events from the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.

Graph and download economic data for Equity Market Volatility Tracker: Macroeconomic News and Outlook: Interest Rates (EMVMACROINTEREST) from Jan 1985 to Oct 2025 about volatility, uncertainty, equity, interest rate, interest, rate, and USA.

The 'Fed Interest Rate Decision' is an economic event where the Federal Reserve announces changes to the federal funds rate, which is the interest rate at which banks lend to each other overnight.-2025-07-30

View the total value of the assets of all Federal Reserve Banks as reported in the weekly balance sheet.

Catch up on the latest news from the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.

Graph and download economic data for St. Louis Fed Economic News Index: Real GDP Nowcast (STLENI) from Q2 2013 to Q3 2025 about nowcast, projection, real, GDP, rate, indexes, and USA.

Federal Reserve data on emergency lending to banks covering the period August 2007 to April 2010 released in batches in Dec 2010, March 2011 and July 2011 as a result of the Dodd-Frank Act and FOIA requests by Bloomberg news and others.

From the Bloomberg page about the data (Aug 2011):

The data were extracted from 29,000 pages of documents and 18 Fed-prepared Microsoft Excel spreadsheets listing more than 21,000 transactions. The records were made public in batches on Dec. 1, 2010, and March 31 and July 6 of this year. The Fed released some of them under the 2010 Dodd-Frank Act and the rest in responses to Freedom of Information Act requests by media outlets including Bloomberg News and related federal court orders. The data covered money borrowed from the central bank from August 2007 through April 2010.

• Bloomberg News visualization using consolidated data (NB: as far as one can tell Bloomberg have not released their consolidated database. Details of data processing).

Data Source

From Bloomberg Story:

The Federal Reserve released thousands of pages of secret loan documents under court order, almost three years after Bloomberg LP first requested details of the central bank’s unprecedented support to banks during the financial crisis.

The records reveal for the first time the names of financial institutions that borrowed directly from the central bank through the so-called discount window. The Fed provided the documents after the U.S. Supreme Court this month rejected a banking industry group’s attempt to shield them from public view.

...

The central bank has never revealed identities of borrowers since the discount window began lending in 1914. The Dodd-Frank law exempted the facility last year when it required the Fed to release details of emergency programs that extended $3.3 trillion to financial institutions to stem the credit crisis. While Congress mandated disclosure of discount-window loans made after July 21, 2010 with a two-year delay, the records released today represent the only public source of details on discount- window lending during the crisis.

Openness

License: presuming public domain as data released from a federal agency.

The 'Fed Interest Rate Decision' is an economic event where the Federal Reserve announces changes to the federal funds rate, which is the interest rate at which banks lend to each other overnight.-2025-03-19

The 'Fed Interest Rate Decision' is an economic event where the Federal Reserve announces changes to the federal funds rate, which is the interest rate at which banks lend to each other overnight.-2025-09-17

Economic Policy Uncertainty : News-Based for the United States was 282.42142 Index in October of 2025, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, Economic Policy Uncertainty : News-Based for the United States reached a record high of 725.03117 in April of 2025 and a record low of 21.94447 in September of 1956. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for Economic Policy Uncertainty : News-Based for the United States - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on November of 2025.

The 'Fed Interest Rate Decision' is an economic event where the Federal Reserve announces changes to the federal funds rate, which is the interest rate at which banks lend to each other overnight.-2025-06-18

Graph and download economic data for Economic Policy Uncertainty Index: News-Based Index for the United States (USEPUNEWSINDXM) from Jan 1900 to Oct 2025 about uncertainty, indexes, and USA.

The Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland provides daily “nowcasts” of inflation for two popular price indexes, the price index for personal consumption expenditures (PCE) and the Consumer Price Index (CPI). These nowcasts give a sense of where inflation is today. Released each business day.

United States - St. Louis Fed Economic News Index: Real GDP Nowcast was 0.36661 % Chg. at Annual Rate in July of 2025, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - St. Louis Fed Economic News Index: Real GDP Nowcast reached a record high of 19.45000 in July of 2020 and a record low of -31.28000 in April of 2020. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - St. Louis Fed Economic News Index: Real GDP Nowcast - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on November of 2025.

Overview with Chart & Report: Philadelphia Fed Employment Index reflects labor market conditions in the Philadelphia Federal Reserve zone. This region includes Pennsylvania, New Jersey and Delaware, i.e. states with high economic

Graph and download economic data for Producer Price Index by Industry: Book Retailers and News Dealers: Primary Services (PCU451211451211P) from Jun 2000 to Sep 2025 about book, primary, services, PPI, industry, inflation, price index, indexes, price, and USA.