Graph and download economic data for Share Prices: All Shares/Broad: Total for Germany (SPASTT01DEM657N) from Feb 1960 to Feb 2025 about Germany and stock market.

The Federal Reserve's balance sheet has undergone significant changes since 2007, reflecting its response to major economic crises. From a modest 0.9 trillion U.S. dollars at the end of 2007, it ballooned to approximately 6.76 trillion U.S. dollars by March 2025. This dramatic expansion, particularly during the 2008 financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic - both of which resulted in negative annual GDP growth in the U.S. - showcases the Fed's crucial role in stabilizing the economy through expansionary monetary policies. Impact on inflation and interest rates The Fed's expansionary measures, while aimed at stimulating economic growth, have had notable effects on inflation and interest rates. Following the quantitative easing in 2020, inflation in the United States reached eight percent in 2022, the highest since 1991. However, by November 2024, inflation had declined to 2.7 percent. Concurrently, the Federal Reserve implemented a series of interest rate hikes, with the rate peaking at 5.33 percent in August 2023, before the first rate cut since September 2021 occurred in September 2024. Financial implications for the Federal Reserve The expansion of the Fed's balance sheet and subsequent interest rate hikes have had significant financial implications. In 2023, the Fed reported a negative net income of 114.3 billion U.S. dollars, a stark contrast to the 58.84 billion U.S. dollars profit in 2022. This unprecedented shift was primarily due to rapidly rising interest rates, which caused the Fed's interest expenses to soar to over 281 billion U.S. dollars in 2023. Despite this, the Fed's net interest income on securities acquired through open market operations reached a record high of 174.53 billion U.S. dollars in the same year.

Graph and download economic data for Financial Market: Share Prices for Germany (SPASTT01DEM661N) from Jan 1960 to Feb 2025 about Germany and stock market.

Graph and download economic data for NASDAQ Composite Index (NASDAQCOM) from 1971-02-05 to 2025-03-24 about NASDAQ, composite, stock market, indexes, and USA.

The US stock market declined as Nvidia shares dropped, affecting major indices. Investors are cautious ahead of the Federal Reserve's policy meeting.

Graph and download economic data for Stock Market Capitalization to GDP for Brazil from 2000 to 2020 about market cap, Brazil, stock market, capital, and GDP.

Graph and download economic data for CBOE Volatility Index: VIX (VIXCLS) from 1990-01-02 to 2025-03-24 about VIX, volatility, stock market, and USA.

The U.S. federal funds rate peaked in 2023 at its highest level since the 2007-08 financial crisis, reaching 5.33 percent by December 2023. A significant shift in monetary policy occurred in the second half of 2024, with the Federal Reserve implementing regular rate cuts. By December 2024, the rate had declined to 4.48 percent. What is a central bank rate? The federal funds rate determines the cost of overnight borrowing between banks, allowing them to maintain necessary cash reserves and ensure financial system liquidity. When this rate rises, banks become more inclined to hold rather than lend money, reducing the money supply. While this decreased lending slows economic activity, it helps control inflation by limiting the circulation of money in the economy. Historic perspective The federal funds rate historically follows cyclical patterns, falling during recessions and gradually rising during economic recoveries. Some central banks, notably the European Central Bank, went beyond traditional monetary policy by implementing both aggressive asset purchases and negative interest rates.

Graph and download economic data for Financial Market: Share Prices for Switzerland (SPASTT01CHQ661N) from Q1 1955 to Q4 2024 about Switzerland and stock market.

Key information about Italy Market Capitalization

• Italy Market Capitalization accounted for 747.439 USD bn in Feb 2023, compared with a percentage of 738.550 USD bn in the previous month
• Italy Market Capitalization is updated monthly, available from Jul 1998 to Feb 2023
• The data reached an all-time high of 1,147.167 USD bn in Apr 2007 and a record low of 379.781 USD bn in May 2012

CEIC converts monthly Market Capitalization into USD. Italian Stock Exchange provides Market Capitalization in EUR. The Federal Reserve Board period end market exchange rate is used for currency conversions.

Graph and download economic data for Financial Market: Share Prices for India (SPASTT01INQ661N) from Q1 1957 to Q4 2024 about India and stock market.

From 2003 to 2025, the central banks of the United States, United Kingdom, and European Union exhibited remarkably similar interest rate patterns, reflecting shared global economic conditions. In the early 2000s, rates were initially low to stimulate growth, then increased as economies showed signs of overheating prior to 2008. The financial crisis that year prompted sharp rate cuts to near-zero levels, which persisted for an extended period to support economic recovery. The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 led to further rate reductions to historic lows, aiming to mitigate economic fallout. However, surging inflation in 2022 triggered a dramatic policy shift, with the Federal Reserve, Bank of England, and European Central Bank significantly raising rates to curb price pressures. As inflation stabilized in late 2023 and early 2024, the ECB and Bank of England initiated rate cuts by mid-2024, and the Federal Reserve also implemented its first cut in three years, with forecasts suggesting a gradual decrease in all major interest rates between 2025 and 2026. Divergent approaches within the European Union While the ECB sets a benchmark rate for the Eurozone, individual EU countries have adopted diverse strategies to address their unique economic circumstances. For instance, Hungary set the highest rate in the EU at 13 percent in September 2023, gradually reducing it to 6.5 percent by October 2024. In contrast, Sweden implemented more aggressive cuts, lowering its rate to 2.25 percent by February 2025, the lowest among EU members. These variations highlight the complex economic landscape that European central banks must navigate, balancing inflation control with economic growth support. Global context and future outlook The interest rate changes in major economies have had far-reaching effects on global financial markets. Government bond yields, for example, reflect these policy shifts and investor sentiment. As of June 2024, the United States had the highest 10-year government bond yield among developed economies at 4.09 percent, while Switzerland had the lowest at 0.69 percent. These rates serve as important benchmarks for borrowing costs and economic expectations worldwide.

Graph and download economic data for Stock Market Total Value Traded to GDP for Indonesia (DDDM02IDA156NWDB) from 1993 to 2020 about Indonesia, market cap, stock market, trade, and GDP.

During the period beginning roughly in the mid-1980s until the Global Financial Crisis (2007-2008), the U.S. economy experienced a time of relative economic calm, with low inflation and consistent GDP growth. Compared with the turbulent economic era which had preceded it in the 1970s and the early 1980s, the lack of extreme fluctuations in the business cycle led some commentators to suggest that macroeconomic issues such as high inflation, long-term unemployment and financial crises were a thing of the past. Indeed, the President of the American Economic Association, Professor Robert Lucas, famously proclaimed in 2003 that "central problem of depression prevention has been solved, for all practical purposes". Ben Bernanke, the future chairman of the Federal Reserve during the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) and 2022 Nobel Prize in Economics recipient, coined the term 'the Great Moderation' to describe this era of newfound economic confidence. The era came to an abrupt end with the outbreak of the GFC in the Summer of 2007, as the U.S. financial system began to crash due to a downturn in the real estate market.

Causes of the Great Moderation, and its downfall

A number of factors have been cited as contributing to the Great Moderation including central bank monetary policies, the shift from manufacturing to services in the economy, improvements in information technology and management practices, as well as reduced energy prices. The period coincided with the term of Fed chairman Alan Greenspan (1987-2006), famous for the 'Greenspan put', a policy which meant that the Fed would proactively address downturns in the stock market using its monetary policy tools. These economic factors came to prominence at the same time as the end of the Cold War (1947-1991), with the U.S. attaining a new level of hegemony in global politics, as its main geopolitical rival, the Soviet Union, no longer existed. During the Great Moderation, the U.S. experienced a recession twice, between July 1990 and March 1991, and again from March 2001 tom November 2001, however, these relatively short recessions did not knock the U.S. off its growth path. The build up of household and corporate debt over the early 2000s eventually led to the Global Financial Crisis, as the bursting of the U.S. housing bubble in 2007 reverberated across the financial system, with a subsequent credit freeze and mass defaults.

Key information about Spain Market Capitalization

• Spain Market Capitalization accounted for 1,275.010 USD bn in Dec 2024, compared with a percentage of 1,318.147 USD bn in the previous month
• Spain Market Capitalization is updated monthly, available from Nov 2007 to Dec 2024
• The data reached an all-time high of 2,108.108 USD bn in May 2008 and a record low of 804.598 USD bn in Mar 2020

CEIC converts monthly Market Capitalization into USD. Bolsas y Mercados Españoles provides Market Capitalization in EUR. The Federal Reserve Board period end market exchange rate is used for currency conversions.

Graph and download economic data for Other Financial Corporations and Money Market Funds; Open Market Paper; Asset, Level (BOGZ1FL853069175A) from 1945 to 2024 about open market paper, MMMF, finance companies, companies, finance, financial, assets, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Exchange-Traded Funds; Total Financial Assets, Level (BOGZ1FL564090005Q) from Q4 1945 to Q4 2024 about ETF, assets, and USA.

The U.S. bank prime loan rate has undergone significant fluctuations over the past three decades, reflecting broader economic trends and monetary policy decisions. From a high of 10.1 percent in 1990, the rate has seen periods of decline, stability, and recent increases. As of February 2025, the prime rate stood at 7.5 percent, marking a notable rise from the historic lows seen in the early 2020s. Federal Reserve's impact on lending rates The prime rate's trajectory closely mirrors changes in the federal funds rate, which serves as a key benchmark for the U.S. financial system. In 2023, the Federal Reserve implemented a series of rate hikes, pushing the federal funds target range to 5.25-5.5 percent by year-end. This aggressive monetary tightening was aimed at combating rising inflation, and its effects rippled through various lending rates, including the prime rate. Long-term investment outlook While short-term rates have risen, long-term investment yields have also seen changes. The 10-year U.S. Treasury bond, a benchmark for long-term interest rates, showed an average market yield of 2.13 percent in the second quarter of 2024, adjusted for constant maturity and inflation. This figure represents a recovery from negative real returns seen in 2021, reflecting shifting expectations for economic growth and inflation. The evolving yield environment has implications for both borrowers and investors, influencing decisions across the financial landscape.

According to Cognitive Market Research, the global Weighing Indicators market size will be USD 2658.5 million in 2024. It will expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.00% from 2024 to 2031.

North America held the major market share for more than 40% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 1063.40 million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 3.2% from 2024 to 2031.
Europe accounted for a market share of over 30% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 797.55 million.
Asia Pacific held a market share of around 23% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 611.46 million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.0% from 2024 to 2031.
Latin America had a market share of more than 5% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 132.93 million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.4% from 2024 to 2031.
Middle East and Africa had a market share of around 2% of the global revenue and was estimated at a market size of USD 53.17 million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.7% from 2024 to 2031.
The analog type category is the fastest growing segment of the Weighing Indicators industry

Market Dynamics of Weighing Indicators Market

Key Drivers for Weighing Indicators Market

Increasing Need for Accurate and Efficient Measuring Techniques to Boost Market Growth

One major factor propelling the global market for weighing indicators is the increasing need for accurate and efficient measuring techniques. The requirement for precise weight measurement has grown as numerous industries—such as manufacturing, healthcare, agriculture, and logistics—become more data-driven and quality-driven. Accurate weight indicators guarantee that companies can stay consistent, follow the rules and regulations, and increase productivity. In industries like pharmaceuticals and food manufacturing, where the quality and safety of the product are critical, even little variations in weight measurements can result in expensive mistakes. Furthermore, the need for sophisticated weighing indicators that can provide real-time data and integrate with larger management systems has increased due to the expansion in automation and digitalization in industrial processes.

Expansion of Industrial and Manufacturing Sectors to Drive Market Growth

The market for weighing indicators is anticipated to increase in the future due to the expanding industrial and manufacturing sectors. The economy that is involved in the manufacture of goods through various processes, frequently including the use of labor, machinery, and technology, is collectively accountable to the industrial and manufacturing sectors. The need for weighing indicators for jobs like inventory control, quality assurance, and production processes is fueled by the world's growing industrial and manufacturing industries. For instance, the US central bank, the Federal Reserve Board, reports that in November 2023, industrial production increased by 0.2%, with a 0.3% increase in manufacturing output. This data is from December 2023. Thus, the market for weighing indicators is expanding due to the growth of the industrial & manufacturing sectors.

Restraint Factor for the Weighing Indicators Market

High Cost of Weighing Indicators Will Limit Market Growth

One major impediment to the global industry is the high initial cost of weighing indicators. Weighing indicators are typically expensive, especially those with high precision, data integration capabilities, and sophisticated digital features. Small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs) who do not have the funds to invest in expensive weighing equipment may find this to be a hurdle. Furthermore, companies in developing nations, where financial limitations are more severe, might put off implementing or upgrading to more recent and effective weighing indicator technology. The initial cost can increase the overall financial burden because it includes costs for personnel training, installation, and calibration. As a result, prospective customers frequently look for less expensive options, which slows the market's expansion.

Impact of Covid-19 on the Weighing Indicators Market

The global market for weighing indicators was significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. The supply chain was disrupted, and production was temporarily halted as a result...

Graph and download economic data for Stock Market Total Value Traded to GDP for Saint Kitts and Nevis from 2003 to 2012 about St. Kitts and Nevis, market cap, stock market, trade, and GDP.