Economic Commentary offers deep-dive analysis of timely economic issues for an informed but nonspecialist audience, as well as news from our Bank and the world of monetary policy generally.

Content

For further information please see the Board of Governors web site at http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/housedebt/default.htm http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/housedebt/about.htm

Context

This is a dataset from the Federal Reserve hosted by the Federal Reserve Economic Database (FRED). FRED has a data platform found here and they update their information according to the frequency that the data updates. Explore the Federal Reserve using Kaggle and all of the data sources available through the Federal Reserve organization page!

• Update Frequency: This dataset is updated daily.

• Observation Start: 1980-01-01

• Observation End : 2019-07-01

Acknowledgements

This dataset is maintained using FRED's API and Kaggle's API.

Content

More details about each file are in the individual file descriptions.

Context

This is a dataset from the Federal Reserve hosted by the Federal Reserve Economic Database (FRED). FRED has a data platform found here and they update their information according to the frequency that the data updates. Explore the Federal Reserve using Kaggle and all of the data sources available through the Federal Reserve organization page!

• Update Frequency: This dataset is updated daily.

Acknowledgements

This dataset is maintained using FRED's API and Kaggle's API.

Cover photo by Loïc Mermilliod on Unsplash
Unsplash Images are distributed under a unique Unsplash License.

Graph and download economic data for Free Reserves Held at Federal Reserve Banks, All Member Banks for United States (M14189USM144NNBR) from Jan 1929 to Apr 1967 about reserves, banks, depository institutions, and USA.

United States Federal Reserve Banks (FRB): Total Assets data was reported at 4,139.731 USD bn in 31 Oct 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 4,173.070 USD bn for 24 Oct 2018. United States Federal Reserve Banks (FRB): Total Assets data is updated weekly, averaging 876.108 USD bn from Jun 1996 (Median) to 31 Oct 2018, with 1167 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4,516.077 USD bn in 14 Jan 2015 and a record low of 447.351 USD bn in 24 Jul 1996. United States Federal Reserve Banks (FRB): Total Assets data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal Reserve Board. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.KB028: Balance Sheet: Federal Reserve Banks.

Content

Source ID: FL313066220.Q

For more information about the Flow of Funds tables, see: https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/Default.aspx

For a detailed description, including how this series is constructed, see: https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/SeriesAnalyzer.aspx?s=FL313066220&t=

Context

This is a dataset from the Federal Reserve hosted by the Federal Reserve Economic Database (FRED). FRED has a data platform found here and they update their information according to the frequency that the data updates. Explore the Federal Reserve using Kaggle and all of the data sources available through the Federal Reserve organization page!

• Update Frequency: This dataset is updated daily.

• Observation Start: 1945-10-01

• Observation End : 2019-04-01

Acknowledgements

This dataset is maintained using FRED's API and Kaggle's API.

Cover photo by Michael on Unsplash
Unsplash Images are distributed under a unique Unsplash License.

United States - Total Borrowings from the Federal Reserve was 6518.10000 Bil. of $ in September of 2025, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Total Borrowings from the Federal Reserve reached a record high of 698785.60000 in November of 2008 and a record low of 0.00100 in April of 1940. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Total Borrowings from the Federal Reserve - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on December of 2025.

The benchmark interest rate in the United States was last recorded at 4 percent. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - United States Fed Funds Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

United States - Monetary Authority; Federal Reserve Bank Stock; Liability, Transactions was 1117.00000 Mil. of $ in January of 2024, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Monetary Authority; Federal Reserve Bank Stock; Liability, Transactions reached a record high of 4564.00000 in January of 2009 and a record low of -637.00000 in January of 2019. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Monetary Authority; Federal Reserve Bank Stock; Liability, Transactions - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on November of 2025.

Assets: Other: Other Assets, Reserve Bank Table: Wednesday Level in Federal Reserve District 12: San Francisco was 4440.00000 Mil. of U.S. $ in October of 2025, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, Assets: Other: Other Assets, Reserve Bank Table: Wednesday Level in Federal Reserve District 12: San Francisco reached a record high of 7242.00000 in August of 2023 and a record low of 0.00000 in December of 2002. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for Assets: Other: Other Assets, Reserve Bank Table: Wednesday Level in Federal Reserve District 12: San Francisco - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on November of 2025.

Graph and download economic data for Reserves of Depository Institutions: Total (TOTRESNS) from Jan 1959 to Oct 2025 about adjusted, reserves, and USA.

Since 2013, the Federal Reserve Board has conducted the Survey of Household Economics and Decision-making (SHED), which measures the economic well-being of U.S. households and identifies potential risks to their finances. The survey includes modules on a range of topics of current relevance to financial well-being including credit access and behaviors, savings, retirement, economic fragility, and education and student loans.

Liabilities and Capital: Liabilities: Federal Reserve Notes, Net: Wednesday Level in Federal Reserve District 7: Chicago was 112651.00000 Mil. of $ in October of 2025, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, Liabilities and Capital: Liabilities: Federal Reserve Notes, Net: Wednesday Level in Federal Reserve District 7: Chicago reached a record high of 133558.00000 in March of 2021 and a record low of 55005.00000 in February of 2003. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for Liabilities and Capital: Liabilities: Federal Reserve Notes, Net: Wednesday Level in Federal Reserve District 7: Chicago - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on October of 2025.

Graph and download economic data for Monetary Aggregates and Their Components: Broad Money and Components: M3 for United States (MABMM301USM189S) from Jan 1960 to Nov 2023 about M3, broad, monetary aggregates, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Coincident Economic Activity Index for Colorado (COPHCI) from Jan 1979 to Aug 2025 about coincident economic activity, CO, indexes, and USA.

Content

More details about each file are in the individual file descriptions.

Context

This is a dataset from the Federal Reserve hosted by the Federal Reserve Economic Database (FRED). FRED has a data platform found here and they update their information according to the frequency that the data updates. Explore the Federal Reserve using Kaggle and all of the data sources available through the Federal Reserve organization page!

• Update Frequency: This dataset is updated daily.

Acknowledgements

This dataset is maintained using FRED's API and Kaggle's API.

Cover photo by Ovinuchi Ejiohuo on Unsplash
Unsplash Images are distributed under a unique Unsplash License.

United States - Full-time equivalent employees: Domestic private industries: Federal Reserve banks, credit intermediation, and related activities was 2586.00000 Thous. in January of 2023, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Full-time equivalent employees: Domestic private industries: Federal Reserve banks, credit intermediation, and related activities reached a record high of 2842.00000 in January of 2006 and a record low of 2412.00000 in January of 2000. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Full-time equivalent employees: Domestic private industries: Federal Reserve banks, credit intermediation, and related activities - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on November of 2025.

United States Federal Reserve Banks (FRB): Reserve Bank Credit (BC) data was reported at 4,134.059 USD bn in 24 Oct 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 4,136.254 USD bn for 17 Oct 2018. United States Federal Reserve Banks (FRB): Reserve Bank Credit (BC) data is updated weekly, averaging 2,300.867 USD bn from Dec 2002 (Median) to 24 Oct 2018, with 828 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4,476.465 USD bn in 14 Jan 2015 and a record low of 673.923 USD bn in 29 Jan 2003. United States Federal Reserve Banks (FRB): Reserve Bank Credit (BC) data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal Reserve Board. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.KB029: Factors Affecting Reserve Balances of Depository Institutions.

Graph and download economic data for Bank Clearings, Daily Average for United States (M12013USM144NNBR) from Jan 1875 to Sep 1943 about banks, depository institutions, and USA.

Karen Kopecky is an economic and policy advisory in the Research Department at the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.