The Federal Reserve's balance sheet has undergone significant changes since 2007, reflecting its response to major economic crises. From a modest 0.9 trillion U.S. dollars at the end of 2007, it ballooned to approximately 6.76 trillion U.S. dollars by March 2025. This dramatic expansion, particularly during the 2008 financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic - both of which resulted in negative annual GDP growth in the U.S. - showcases the Fed's crucial role in stabilizing the economy through expansionary monetary policies. Impact on inflation and interest rates The Fed's expansionary measures, while aimed at stimulating economic growth, have had notable effects on inflation and interest rates. Following the quantitative easing in 2020, inflation in the United States reached eight percent in 2022, the highest since 1991. However, by November 2024, inflation had declined to 2.7 percent. Concurrently, the Federal Reserve implemented a series of interest rate hikes, with the rate peaking at 5.33 percent in August 2023, before the first rate cut since September 2021 occurred in September 2024. Financial implications for the Federal Reserve The expansion of the Fed's balance sheet and subsequent interest rate hikes have had significant financial implications. In 2023, the Fed reported a negative net income of 114.3 billion U.S. dollars, a stark contrast to the 58.84 billion U.S. dollars profit in 2022. This unprecedented shift was primarily due to rapidly rising interest rates, which caused the Fed's interest expenses to soar to over 281 billion U.S. dollars in 2023. Despite this, the Fed's net interest income on securities acquired through open market operations reached a record high of 174.53 billion U.S. dollars in the same year.

Graph and download economic data for Industrial Production: Utilities: Nuclear Electric Power Generation (NAICS = 221113) (IPN221113N) from Jan 1972 to Dec 2024 about power transmission, utilities, electricity, IP, production, industry, indexes, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Real gross government fixed investment: Structures: Federal: Nondefense: New: Power (W189RX1A020NBEA) from 2007 to 2023 about nondefense, electricity, fixed, investment, gross, federal, new, government, real, GDP, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Real private fixed investment in structures: Nonresidential: Power: Other power (W029RX1A020NBEA) from 2007 to 2024 about nonresidential, electricity, fixed, investment, private, real, GDP, and USA.

United States - Investment in Government Fixed Assets: Federal: Nondefense: Structures: Power was 693.00000 Bil. of $ in January of 2023, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Investment in Government Fixed Assets: Federal: Nondefense: Structures: Power reached a record high of 1626.00000 in January of 2015 and a record low of 4.00000 in January of 1955. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Investment in Government Fixed Assets: Federal: Nondefense: Structures: Power - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on March of 2025.

United States - Private fixed investment: Nonresidential: Structures: Power and communication was 152.52800 Bil. of $ in October of 2024, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Private fixed investment: Nonresidential: Structures: Power and communication reached a record high of 153.48500 in January of 2024 and a record low of 4.00400 in October of 1961. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Private fixed investment: Nonresidential: Structures: Power and communication - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on March of 2025.

United States - Real Private Fixed Investment: Nonresidential: Structures: Power and Communication was -14.80000 % Chg. from Preceding Period in October of 2021, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Real Private Fixed Investment: Nonresidential: Structures: Power and Communication reached a record high of 98.80000 in April of 2001 and a record low of -67.60000 in January of 2011. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Real Private Fixed Investment: Nonresidential: Structures: Power and Communication - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on March of 2025.

United States - Real private fixed investment: Nonresidential: Structures: Power and communication was 125.99300 Bil. of Chn. 2009 $ in October of 2024, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Real private fixed investment: Nonresidential: Structures: Power and communication reached a record high of 144.47400 in October of 2019 and a record low of 57.86000 in April of 1999. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Real private fixed investment: Nonresidential: Structures: Power and communication - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on March of 2025.

United States - Real private fixed investment: Nonresidential: Structures: Power and communication (chain-type price index) was 126.49400 Index 2009=100 in January of 2021, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Real private fixed investment: Nonresidential: Structures: Power and communication (chain-type price index) reached a record high of 126.49400 in January of 2021 and a record low of 3.25300 in January of 1933. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Real private fixed investment: Nonresidential: Structures: Power and communication (chain-type price index) - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on March of 2025.

United States - Investment in Government Fixed Assets: Structures: Power was 13040.00000 Bil. of $ in January of 2023, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Investment in Government Fixed Assets: Structures: Power reached a record high of 13040.00000 in January of 2023 and a record low of 9.00000 in January of 1902. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Investment in Government Fixed Assets: Structures: Power - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on March of 2025.

Graph and download economic data for Regional Price Parities: All Items for Oshkosh-Neenah, WI (MSA) (RPPALL36780) from 2008 to 2023 about Oshkosh, PPP, WI, all items, price, and USA.

United States - Producer Price Index by Commodity: Fuels and Related Products and Power: Commercial Electric Power was 217.52300 Index 1982=100 in March of 2022, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Producer Price Index by Commodity: Fuels and Related Products and Power: Commercial Electric Power reached a record high of 226.21100 in February of 2022 and a record low of 28.30000 in November of 1966. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Producer Price Index by Commodity: Fuels and Related Products and Power: Commercial Electric Power - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on March of 2025.

Graph and download economic data for Gross government fixed investment: Structures: State and local: New: Power (W199RC1A027NBEA) from 1929 to 2023 about state & local, electricity, fixed, investment, gross, new, government, GDP, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Lerner Index in Banking Market for Hong Kong SAR, China (DDOI04HKA066NWDB) from 1996 to 2014 about lerner index, Hong Kong, banks, depository institutions, and indexes.

Graph and download economic data for Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Purchasing Power of the Consumer Dollar in U.S. City Average (CUUR0000SA0R) from Jan 1913 to Feb 2025 about urban, consumer, CPI, inflation, price index, indexes, price, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Producer Price Index by Industry: Electric Power and Specialty Transformer Manufacturing: Primary Products (PCU335311335311P) from Jun 1981 to Feb 2025 about primary, electricity, manufacturing, PPI, industry, inflation, price index, indexes, price, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Total Private Construction Spending: Power in the United States (PRPWRCON) from Jan 1993 to Jan 2025 about expenditures, construction, private, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Sources of Revenue: Sales of Energy and Resources - Water for Electric Power Generation, Transmission and Distribution, All Establishments, Employer Firms (REVSEWEF2211ALLEST) from 2015 to 2022 about power transmission, distributive, water, employer firms, accounting, revenue, electricity, energy, establishments, sales, services, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Government Consumption Share of Purchasing Power Parity Converted GDP Per Capita at current prices for United States (CGPPPGUSA156NUPN) from 1950 to 2010 about PPP, per capita, consumption, government, GDP, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Industrial Production: Utilities: Electric Power Generation, Transmission, and Distribution (NAICS = 2211) (IPG2211SQ) from Q1 1972 to Q4 2024 about power transmission, distributive, electricity, IP, production, industry, indexes, and USA.