Graph and download economic data for Currency in Circulation (CURRCIR) from Aug 1917 to Oct 2025 about currency and USA.

The Federal Reserve's balance sheet has undergone significant changes since 2007, reflecting its response to major economic crises. From a modest *** trillion U.S. dollars at the end of 2007, it ballooned to approximately **** trillion U.S. dollars by October 29, 2025. This dramatic expansion, particularly during the 2008 financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic—both of which resulted in negative annual GDP growth in the U.S.—showcases the Fed's crucial role in stabilizing the economy through expansionary monetary policies. Impact on inflation and interest rates The Fed's expansionary measures, while aimed at stimulating economic growth, have had notable effects on inflation and interest rates. Following the quantitative easing in 2020, inflation in the United States reached ***** percent in 2022, the highest since 1991. However, by August 2025, inflation had declined to *** percent. Concurrently, the Federal Reserve implemented a series of interest rate hikes, with the rate peaking at **** percent in August 2023, before the first rate cut since September 2021 occurred in September 2024. Financial implications for the Federal Reserve The expansion of the Fed's balance sheet and subsequent interest rate hikes have had significant financial implications. In 2024, the Fed reported a negative net income of ***** billion U.S. dollars, a stark contrast to the ***** billion U.S. dollars profit in 2022. This unprecedented shift was primarily due to rapidly rising interest rates, which caused the Fed's interest expenses to soar to over *** billion U.S. dollars in 2023. Despite this, the Fed's net interest income on securities acquired through open market operations reached a record high of ****** billion U.S. dollars in the same year.

Graph and download economic data for Monetary Base: Currency in Circulation (MBCURRCIR) from Jan 1959 to Oct 2025 about monetary base, currency, and USA.

Money Supply M0 in the United States increased to 53615000 USD Million in October from 5478000 USD Million in September of 2025. This dataset provides - United States Money Supply M0 - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

This page contains tables, charts, and a narrative summary of yearly Note Print Orders by the Federal Reserve.

Graph and download economic data for Monetary Base: Total (BOGMBASE) from Jan 1959 to Oct 2025 about monetary base and USA.

View weekly updates and historical trends for US Currency in Circulation. from United States. Source: Federal Reserve. Track economic data with YCharts an…

Money Supply M2 in the United States increased to 22298.10 USD Billion in October from 22212.50 USD Billion in September of 2025. This dataset provides - United States Money Supply M2 - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

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The FOMC has authorized temporary reciprocal currency arrangements (central bank liquidity swaps) with certain foreign central banks to help provide liquidity in U.S. dollars to overseas markets.

These swaps involve two transactions. First, when the foreign central bank draws on the swap line, it sells a specified amount of its currency to the Federal Reserve in exchange for dollars at the prevailing market exchange rate. The foreign currency that the Federal Reserve acquires is placed in an account for the Federal Reserve at the foreign central bank. This line in the statistical release reports the dollar value of the foreign currency held under these swaps.

Second, the dollars that the Federal Reserve provides are deposited in an account for the foreign central bank at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. At the same time as the draw on the swap line, the Federal Reserve and the foreign central bank enter into a binding agreement for a second transaction in which the foreign central bank is obligated to repurchase the foreign currency at a specified future date at the same exchange rate. At the conclusion of the second transaction, the foreign central bank pays a market-based rate of interest to the Federal Reserve. Central bank liquidity swaps are of various maturities, ranging from overnight to three months.

Context

This is a dataset from the Federal Reserve hosted by the Federal Reserve Economic Database (FRED). FRED has a data platform found here and they update their information according to the frequency that the data updates. Explore the Federal Reserve using Kaggle and all of the data sources available through the Federal Reserve organization page!

• Update Frequency: This dataset is updated daily.

• Observation Start: 2002-12-18

• Observation End : 2019-12-18

Acknowledgements

This dataset is maintained using FRED's API and Kaggle's API.

Cover photo by Hillie Chan on Unsplash
Unsplash Images are distributed under a unique Unsplash License.

Graph and download economic data for Value of Notes Printed by Bureau of Engraving and Printing (NOTEVALUE) from 1993 to 2024 about notes, printing, issues, currency, and USA.

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More details about each file are in the individual file descriptions.

Context

This is a dataset from the Federal Reserve hosted by the Federal Reserve Economic Database (FRED). FRED has a data platform found here and they update their information according to the frequency that the data updates. Explore the Federal Reserve using Kaggle and all of the data sources available through the Federal Reserve organization page!

• Update Frequency: This dataset is updated daily.

Acknowledgements

This dataset is maintained using FRED's API and Kaggle's API.

Cover photo by Clay Banks on Unsplash
Unsplash Images are distributed under a unique Unsplash License.

View the total value of the assets of all Federal Reserve Banks as reported in the weekly balance sheet.

This page contains both data and charts concerning coins and currency. Specific figures covered include value and volume of currency in circulation, the calendar-year print order, and payments and receipts of currency to and from circulation; the Federal Reserve's expenses for cash operations; cost of new currency; and $1 coin quarterly inventories, payments, and receipts.

Between 2002 and 2024, the annual value of newly printed U.S. banknotes fluctuated considerably, with a noticeable decline in recent years. The peak occurred in 2012, when the Bureau of Engraving and Printing issued banknotes worth ***** billion U.S. dollars. During the quantitative easing period of 2021, production reached ***** billion U.S. dollars - the third highest level in the two-decade span. By 2024, the figure had fallen sharply to ***** billion U.S. dollars. In contrast, the total value of U.S. currency in circulation continued to rise, reaching **** trillion U.S. dollars in 2024.

Graph and download economic data for Volume of Notes Printed by Bureau of Engraving and Printing (NOTEVOLUME) from 1994 to 2024 about notes, printing, issues, currency, and USA.

Content

More details about each file are in the individual file descriptions.

Context

This is a dataset from the Federal Reserve hosted by the Federal Reserve Economic Database (FRED). FRED has a data platform found here and they update their information according to the frequency that the data updates. Explore the Federal Reserve using Kaggle and all of the data sources available through the Federal Reserve organization page!

• Update Frequency: This dataset is updated daily.

Acknowledgements

This dataset is maintained using FRED's API and Kaggle's API.

Cover photo by Michelle Spollen on Unsplash
Unsplash Images are distributed under a unique Unsplash License.

The global banknotes design and currency printing market, valued at $7,236 million in 2025, is projected to experience modest growth, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 1.3% from 2025 to 2033. This relatively low CAGR reflects the inherent stability and cyclical nature of the currency printing industry, influenced by factors like government spending and economic stability. Key drivers include the increasing demand for enhanced security features in banknotes to combat counterfeiting, the adoption of new printing technologies offering improved durability and cost-effectiveness, and the growing need for redesigned banknotes to commemorate national events or reflect evolving societal norms. Trends include the rising popularity of polymer banknotes due to their enhanced lifespan and security, the integration of sophisticated anti-counterfeiting technologies such as advanced holograms and microprinting, and the exploration of innovative design elements incorporating tactile features for visually impaired users. However, factors such as fluctuating global economic conditions, government budget constraints, and the potential for digital currency adoption pose restraints to market expansion. The market is segmented by application (government, central banks) and type (banknote design, currency printing), with government and central banks comprising the majority of the demand. Geographically, North America, Europe, and Asia-Pacific currently hold significant market shares, driven by the presence of major central banks and established printing companies. The market is expected to see continued growth, albeit at a moderate pace. The ongoing need for secure and durable banknotes will maintain demand, while technological advancements and increased focus on security features will propel innovation and growth. Emerging economies are expected to show slightly higher growth rates compared to mature markets, influenced by increasing economic activity and a potential uptick in currency production. The ongoing interplay between physical currency and the rise of digital payments will likely shape the long-term trajectory of the market. Careful consideration of security against counterfeiting remains paramount, ensuring the continued relevance and demand for high-quality banknotes design and printing services in the coming years.

View monthly updates and historical trends for US M2 Money Supply. from United States. Source: Federal Reserve. Track economic data with YCharts analytics.

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For details, please see http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h6/hist/ On March 23, 2006, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System ceased publication of the M3 monetary aggregate and its components. For more information, please, refer to http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h6/discm3.htm.

Context

This is a dataset from the Federal Reserve hosted by the Federal Reserve Economic Database (FRED). FRED has a data platform found here and they update their information according to the frequency that the data updates. Explore the Federal Reserve using Kaggle and all of the data sources available through the Federal Reserve organization page!

• Update Frequency: This dataset is updated daily.

• Observation Start: 1981-01-05

• Observation End : 2006-03-13

Acknowledgements

This dataset is maintained using FRED's API and Kaggle's API.

Cover photo by Katie Harp on Unsplash
Unsplash Images are distributed under a unique Unsplash License.

Content

Institutional money funds are constructed from weekly data collected by the Investment Company Institute (ICI), a trade association for the investment company industry.

Context

This is a dataset from the Federal Reserve hosted by the Federal Reserve Economic Database (FRED). FRED has a data platform found here and they update their information according to the frequency that the data updates. Explore the Federal Reserve using Kaggle and all of the data sources available through the Federal Reserve organization page!

• Update Frequency: This dataset is updated daily.

• Observation Start: 1980-02-04

• Observation End : 2019-12-09

Acknowledgements

This dataset is maintained using FRED's API and Kaggle's API.

Cover photo by Clifford Photography on Unsplash
Unsplash Images are distributed under a unique Unsplash License.