In 2024, the total revenues of the U.S. government totaled around 4.92 trillion U.S. dollars. Revenues consist of individual and corporate income taxes, payroll taxes and other taxes. Individual income taxes amounted to 2.43 trillion U.S. dollars in 2024, whereas corporate income taxes totaled 530 billion U.S. dollars.

Own Non-Tax Revenue in economics refers to the income earned by the government—particularly state governments—through sources other than taxes. These include fees, fines, interest receipts, dividends and profits from public sector enterprises, royalties from natural resources, user charges for public services (like water and electricity), and other miscellaneous receipts. It is termed “own” because it is generated internally by the government without reliance on central transfers or shared tax revenues. For state governments, this forms a part of their own revenue, distinct from central grants or shared taxes under the federal system. Own non-tax revenue is crucial for enhancing the fiscal autonomy and self-reliance of governments, especially at the state level. Unlike tax revenues, which often depend on broader economic activity and legislative changes, non-tax revenues can be improved through better pricing of public services, efficient management of state assets, and reforms in public sector enterprises. A higher share of own non-tax revenue reduces dependence on borrowings and intergovernmental transfers, enabling more flexible and responsive governance. For states with limited tax bases, strengthening non-tax revenue sources is vital to meet developmental needs, maintain fiscal discipline, and invest in social infrastructure. It also encourages resource efficiency and accountability in the delivery of public services.

The United States federal government budget has allotted around ** billion dollars toward its 2025 civilian federal agency information technology budget. As leadership and government priorities change, the IT budgets allocated to different departments tend to follow suit. The Department of Energy's IT budget increased significantly by ** percent compared to the previous year, with *** billion U.S. dollars allocated in FY 2025. Similarly, the IT budget of the Department of Homeland security also increased by ** percent compared to the previous year, to around ** billion U.S. dollars for FY 2025. Meanwhile, the Office of Personnel Management saw its IT budget shrink the most among the civilian federal government agencies, decreasing by a staggering ** percent compared to FY 2024. Since the 2022 federal budget, figures do not include the portion of the budget allocated to the Department of Defense or other classified IT spending. U.S. government budget In the United States, huge shares of government expenditures go towards the Department of Health and Human Services as well as the Social Security Administration. Due in part to the country’s continually increasing budget, the government has run at an annual deficit since 2002, with its 2024 deficit estimated to over be around *** trillion dollars. Cybersecurity budget One of the main facets of the U.S. government IT budget is spending related to cybersecurity. Over ** billion U.S. dollars have been allocated towards cybersecurity in 2024. The Departments of Homeland Security and Justice have unsurprisingly had the highest cybersecurity budgets across all departments, given the sensitive nature of their work.

In the fiscal year 2024, Panasonic's sales revenue came to around ** billion U.S. dollars (or *** trillion Japanese yen). An increase in Japan's consumption tax and the spread of the coronavirus pandemic were among the negative factors that contributed to the company's worse financial performance.

In the fiscal year of 2024, Broadcom's revenue in the United States amounted to approximately ***** billion U.S. dollars, while revenues from China accounted for ***** billion U.S. dollars. The company generated a total net revenue of around ***** billion U.S. dollars in FY2024, an increase of over ** billion U.S. dollars from the **** billion U.S. dollars made in the previous year.

In fiscal year 2025, the global revenue of Infosys Limited amounted to about *****billion U.S. dollars, which was a slight increase in comparison to last year. This makes Infosys one of the biggest IT services and consulting companies in India. IT industry in India The Indian IT industry is famous for providing quality IT outsourcing services for major companies in Europe and North America. India has earned the nickname of “global outsourcing hub”. The IT industry has generated 193 billion U.S. dollars in export revenue in fiscal year 2023 for India. The success of the Indian IT industry is due to several reasons, including favorable government policies, a good English-medium educational system, a large population providing an abundance of talents, and a fairly open market. Future in outsourcing Ironically, thanks to the COVID-19 pandemic, digital transformation has accelerated since 2020, increasing the demand for IT outsourcing services. A major aspect of the trend is cloud computing. This includes segments like infrastructure as a service (IaaS), platform as a service (PaaS), and software as a service (SaaS). These services enable more convenient and cheaper adaptation for outsourcing services. In 2023, the revenue of public cloud services in India was around *** billion dollars.

In FY 2024, DXC's revenue from the United States was around *** billion U.S. dollars. DXC is an international IT services company, formed following a merger between Computer Sciences Corporation (CSC) and Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE).

The Toyota Motor Corporation’s net revenue rose by some *** percent year-on-year and grew to just under ***** trillion Japanese yen in the fiscal year ended March 2025. The fiscal year-end of the company is March, 31st. Recovering from the semiconductor shortage Toyota's net revenue has fully recovered from the dip recorded in its 2020 and 2021 fiscal years, which was due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The company's revenue were at their highest across the recorded period between April 2024 and March 2025. However, Toyota Motor Corporation's operating income and operating margin had both gone down. This was partly due to fluctuating production plans due to tight semiconductor supplies and rising raw material prices. By 2023, the company had recovered from the financial impact of these crises, and 2024 was the best year on record for the company's operating income. While profits dropped in 2024, they remained above their pre-pandemic levels.  Hopes for an American recovery Toyota's motor vehicle sales amounted to over **** million units between January and December 2024, growing slightly compared with the previous year. Japan and North America are Toyota's largest regional markets. In 2020, North America was severely affected by the coronavirus outbreak in the United States, the largest market in North America. U.S. vehicle sales fell to around **** million units in 2020. By 2024, the U.S. market had recovered from the crises, and Toyota also recorded an uptick in its North American sales compared to pre-pandemic levels, despite the drop recorded from its 2024 to its 2025 financial year. The Japanese brand faces stiff competition from national brands such as General Motors and Tesla.

In the fiscal year 2024, Microsoft earned almost *** billion U.S. dollars from external customers, of which their Office products and cloud services accounted for close to ** billion U.S. dollars. Server products and cloud services accounted for the largest share of this revenue, with around ** billion U.S. dollars in FY2024.

Over two-thirds, 69 percent, of Walmart’s global net sales were generated by the company’s Walmart U.S. division in fiscal year 2023. Historically, Walmart U.S. has been responsible for the majority of Walmart’s sales. Walmart's U.S. division operates in all 50 states of the United States, Washington D.C. and Puerto Rico. The International division operates in 18 countries outside the United States such as Canada, Costa Rica, Mexico, India, and South Africa, to name a few. Lastly, Sam's Club operates in 44 states in the United States and in Puerto Rico.

Walmart’s business divisions
Walmart is a behemoth in the retail industry, generating revenues upwards of 500 billion U.S. dollars in the last number of years. The company, formerly known as Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., is one of the most well-known and valuable brands in the world. Walmart began in the United States as a single discount store, whose model was to sell more for less. Nowadays, Walmart has discount stores, supercenters, and neighborhood markets all around the world. The multinational company has developed into the largest retailer in the world. Walmart deals in a wide variety of products, such as groceries, apparel, furniture, home appliances, and electronics. The company operates through three distinct business segments: Walmart U.S., Walmart International, and Sam’s Club. Walmart U.S. operates retail stores in the company’s domestic market of the United States. This segment also includes Walmart’s U.S. eCommerce website: walmart.com. The company’s Walmart International and Sam’s Club business divisions operate globally generating revenue through retail, wholesale, membership club, and online product sales.

In the first quarter of its 2025 fiscal year, Apple generated around ** billion U.S. dollars in revenue from the sales of iPhones. Apple iPhone revenue The Apple iPhone is one of the biggest success stories in the smartphone industry. Since its introduction to the market in 2007, Apple has sold more than *** billion units worldwide. As of the third quarter of 2024, the Apple iPhone’s market share of new smartphone sales was over ** percent. Much of its accomplishments can be attributed to Apple’s ability to keep the product competitive throughout the years, with new releases and updates. Apple iPhone growth The iPhone has shown to be a crucial product for Apple, considering that the iPhone’s share of the company’s total revenue has consistently grown over the years. In the first quarter of 2009, the iPhone sales were responsible for about ********* of Apple’s revenue. In the third quarter of FY 2024, this figure reached a high of roughly ** percent, equating to less than ** billion U.S. dollars in that quarter. In terms of units sold, Apple went from around **** million units in 2010 to about *** million in 2023, but registered a peak in the fourth quarter of 2020 with more than ** million iPhones sold worldwide.

In FY 2024, DXC Technology's revenue of the GBS (Global Business Services) segment stood at *** billion U.S. dollars. DXC is an international IT services company, formed following a merger between Computer Sciences Corporation (CSC) and Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE).

In FY 2024, DXC Technology's income from continuing operations before taxes were around *** million U.S. dollars. DXC is an international IT services company, formed following a merger between Computer Sciences Corporation (CSC) and Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE).

The university in the United States with the largest endowment market value in 2024 was Harvard University, with an endowment fund value of about 51.98 billion U.S. dollars. U.S. higher education Colleges and universities in the United States rank highly among the world’s most prestigious institutions of higher education. Many universities are particularly well known for their strong research capabilities and their connections to many Nobel Prize winning laureates.The U.S. university system is largely decentralized. Except for service academies and staff colleges, the federal government does not directly regulate universities; public universities are administered solely by the individual states. Besides the state administered public universities, there are many private universities in the United States, most are non-profit institutions, similar to the public universities, but there are also a number of institutions that rely on profit (Walden University in Minnesota, for example).In general, tuition fees are required to be paid by students at American universities. Public universities generally charge lower tuition rates to in-state students, than to out-of-state students. Private universities are often much more expensive than public ones because they do not receive funding from state governments.American students are often required to take out student loans to supplement scholarships and grants provided by diverse sources to be able to pay for tuition. Student debt has become a major issue in the United States in recent years, with many Americans unsure if they can even afford to pay off their student loans in the future.

In the fiscal year ended January 31, 2024, Walmart's global net sales amounted to 642.6 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of approximately six percent in comparison to a year earlier.

Walmart Walmart was founded in 1962 by Sam Walton when he and his brother James “Bud” Walton opened the first Wal-Mart Discount City in Rogers, Arkansas. Since then, Walmart has grown to become the largest publicly-owned retail company in the world. In the United States, the company includes Walmart discount stores, supercenters, neighborhood markets, and Sam’s Club warehouse membership clubs. The company also has many international operations. Walmart is considered a variety store which focuses on low prices featuring apparel as well as hard goods, and has been committed to upholding their basic value of customer service. Beginning in the early 1990s, Walmart went to great lengths to increase their market share. They introduced a full line of groceries into their stores, diversified their market by appealing to certain ethnic groups through bilingual advertisements, and took steps to promote the awareness of environmental issues.As of 2024, Walmart operated 10,616 stores worldwide; with 4,615 of those stores located in the United States alone.

The Emirates Group's annual revenue for fiscal year 2024/2025 was approximately ***** billion Emirati dirhams. That was a considerable increase compared to the group's revenue of nearly ** billion Emirati dirhams in the 2015/2016 financial year.Emirates is a Dubai-based, state-owned airline founded in 1985 as a subsidiary of The Emirates Group. It is the largest Middle Eastern airline with its hub at Dubai International Airport with an estimate of ***** billion passengers in 2020, making it the world’s busiest airport. Travel hub Dubai Dubai is a popular travel destination amongst international tourists. The year 2019 saw about **** million international travelers arriving in the United Arab Emirates. Furthermore, the number of passengers transported by Emirates grossed over ** million people in 2018. Emirates Group The Emirates Group, founded by Ahmed bin Saeed Al Maktoum, in itself is a subsidiary owned by the Investment Corporation of Dubai of the United Arab Emirates government with headquarters in Garhoud, Dubai. The group owns several subsidiaries primarily providing services in aviation, air services, travel, hospitality, retail, and education. In financial year 2022/23, the largest share of revenue amounting to ** percent was earned from activities carried out in Europe.

Toyota's revenue in the 2025 fiscal year varied significantly across the company's sales regions. Japan generated the largest amount of revenue for the Toyota Motor Corporation in 2025 with around **** trillion Japanese yen. North America, the second largest revenue generator for Toyota, brought in roughly **** trillion Japanese yen during that year.Toyota company overview Toyota is a motor corporation located in Toyota City, Japan. The company's history goes back some 86 years to its foundation in 1937. Toyota has grown to become one of the largest automobile manufacturer worldwide with total yearly assets and employee numbers at a healthy level. Toyota’s industry rankings Toyota is listed among the top ten most reliable car brands in the United States. As for total worldwide sales it is Volkswagen Group, Hyundai Motor Group and Toyota Motor Corporation that are ranked among the top three manufacturers.

Walmart International's net sales amounted to around 122 billion U.S. dollars in the fiscal year ended January 31, 2025. An increase of about seven million dollars from the previous year. Meanwhile, Sam's Club had net sales amounting to about 90.2 billion U.S. dollars. Between 2021 and 2022 the net sales of Walmart International had decreased by nearly 21 billion dollars due to the end of the company's operations in the United Kingdom and Japan. WalmartWal-Mart was founded in 1962 by Sam Walton when he and his brother James “Bud” Walton opened the first Wal-Mart Discount City in Rogers, Arkansas. Since then, Wal-Mart has grown to become the largest publicly-owned retail company in the world. In the United States, the company includes Wal-Mart discount stores, Supercenters, Neighborhood Markets, and Sam’s Club warehouse membership clubs. The company also has many international operations. Wal-Mart is considered a variety store which focuses on low prices featuring apparel as well as hard goods, and has been committed to upholding their basic value of customer service.Beginning in the early 1990s, Wal-Mart went to great lengths to increase their market share. They introduced a full line of groceries into their stores, diversified their market by appealing to certain ethnic groups through bilingual advertisements, and took steps to promote the awareness of environmental issues.As of 2024, Walmart operated just under 11,000 stores worldwide of which 10,616 were retail units. As of that year, the company generated nearly 643 billion U.S. dollars in net sales.

In 2024, global government expenditure for space programs hit a record of approximately 135 billion U.S. dollars. The United States Government spent around 79.7 billion U.S. dollars on its space programs in than year, making it the country with the highest space expenditure in the world. The U.S. was followed by China, with government expenditure on space programs of over 19 billion U.S. dollars. The Space Agencies Responsible for civilian space programs, as well space research and exploration, the space agencies have gained in importance over the past decades. Today, there are six government space agencies (NASA, CNSA, ROSCOSMOS, ESA, ISRO, and JAXA) with full launch and extraterrestrial landing capabilities. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is undoubtedly the most renowned of them all. Since its establishment in 1958, NASA has worked with international partners to enable human expansion across the solar system and beyond, bringing new knowledge and opportunities back to our home planet. It is therefore not surprising that most of their budget goes to toward science and exploration. NASA’s requested FY 2024 budget for all sectors is 27.2 billion U.S. dollars.

In the fiscal year 2024, Microsoft Corporation spent ***** billion U.S. dollars on sales and marketing, the company’s highest annual expenditure to date. In the past decade, Microsoft has slowly increased sales and marketing spending, with the annual figure rising by more than *** billion U.S. dollars during that time. Microsoft also spend heavily on research and development, with spending in this domain also amounting to over ** billion U.S. dollars in FY2024. Microsoft Corporation Founded by Bill Gates and Paul Allen in 1975, Microsoft has since grown into one of the most successful tech firms in the world and has experienced decades of continued success. The company’s famous Windows operating system, its lines of consumer electronics, and its popular software packages such as Microsoft Office have become widely popular for both business and personal usage. Continuously innovating and adapting, Microsoft has come to offer different cloud computing services and its intelligence cloud segment has become the biggest revenue earner for the company. Microsoft's cloud offerings include Azure, the infrastructure platform, and Office 365, the collaboration suite. Tech Industry As technology becomes further integrated into nearly all aspects of daily life, companies such as Apple, Alphabet, and Microsoft have grown into some of the most powerful entities in the world. Spending in the IT industry alone amounts to trillions of dollars each year, meaning that these tech giants are well-positioned for continued success.