Honduras was the Latin American country with the highest femicide rate as of 2023. In that year, it was estimated that around seven women were murdered on account of their gender per 100,000 female population in this Central American country. Chile recorded one of the lowest femicide rates, at 0.4 victims every 100,000 women. In that same year, Brazil registered the largest number of femicide cases in the region.

The term femicide refers to the killing of a woman or girl, in particular by a man, on account of her gender. In 2021, there were around *** femicides per 100,000 population in Jamaica.

In 2022, an estimated *** femicides were reported across European countries. Femicide, which refers to the gender-related killing of women and girls, represents the most extreme cases of violence against women. In this year there were estimated to have been *** femicides in Italy, *** in France, *** in Germany and ** in Spain.

Femicide is an homicide of women murdered for reasons of gender. This is the most extreme form of violence against women.

Femicides are serious problems in Latin America and the Caribbean. According to data from CEPTAL in 2021, 11 Latin American countries registered a rate equal to or greater than one victim of femicide or femicide for every 100,000 women. The highest femicide rates are in Honduras (4.6 cases per 100,000 women), the Dominican Republic (2.7 cases per 100,000 women) and El Salvador (2.4 cases per 100,000 women).

Over 80,000 women were murdered worldwide every year since 2010 except for 2020. Moreover, the number is likely to be higher due to a lack of reporting. A majority of the victims were women or girls killed by a husband, partner, or family member.

Somalia SO: Intentional Homicides: Female: per 100,000 Female data was reported at 2.164 Ratio in 2015. Somalia SO: Intentional Homicides: Female: per 100,000 Female data is updated yearly, averaging 2.164 Ratio from Dec 2015 (Median) to 2015, with 1 observations. Somalia SO: Intentional Homicides: Female: per 100,000 Female data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Somalia – Table SO.World Bank: Health Statistics. Intentional homicides, female are estimates of unlawful female homicides purposely inflicted as a result of domestic disputes, interpersonal violence, violent conflicts over land resources, intergang violence over turf or control, and predatory violence and killing by armed groups. Intentional homicide does not include all intentional killing; the difference is usually in the organization of the killing. Individuals or small groups usually commit homicide, whereas killing in armed conflict is usually committed by fairly cohesive groups of up to several hundred members and is thus usually excluded.; ; UN Office on Drugs and Crime's International Homicide Statistics database.; ;

n 2024, *** women were murdered in Colombia because of their gender. Between 2019 and 2020, the number of femicides increased from *** to ***. This increase of more than ten percent occurred during the social isolation measures taken after the COVID-19 outbreak. In September of 2020 alone, 85 women in Colombia were victims of femicide. Antioquia is usually the department with the highest number of femicides in the South American country.

In 2022, an estimated 1,174 femicides were reported in Russia, making it the European country with the highest number of such crimes. Femicides, defined as the gender-based killing of women and girls, represent the most extreme form of violence against women. That same year, Turkey, and the United Kingdom ranked second and third, with 327 and 110 cases, respectively.

In 2022, the state of Bahia reported the largest number of homicides in Brazil. That year, ***** homicides were recorded in this northeastern state. Bahia was followed by the state of Rio de Janeiro, with ***** murders reported. Despite that, the number of homicides in Brazil reached the lowest figure that year since at least 2006, totaling ******. Homicide targets Data shows that homicides affected men disproportionaly more than women in this South American country. Considering the over ****** homicides registered in Brazil in 2022, nearly ** percent had men as victims. Again, it is important to remember the deterioration of data quality, specially in the case of femicides: there was a woman victim of violent death with no clear cause for every woman victim of homicide in Brazil. In that regard, the Brazilian states of Mato Grosso and Rondônia had the highest femicide rates. At least ***** of every 100,000 women who lived in those territories were murdered on account of their gender in 2023. Not only women, but the number of black and brown people murdered in Brazil had been growing throughout the years up until 2017, revealing that minorities are increasingly becoming the targets of violence. In 2022, nearly ****** people of color were killed in Brazil, over ***** times the number of non-black or non-brown people. Police Violence Police brutality has been gaining attention from the media, especially after George Floyd violent death in 2020. In Brazil, police violence, particularly in poor areas, such as favelas, is an old and well-known problem that affects society as a whole. Figures have shown that the number of civilians killed by police officers in Brazil surpassed ***** in both 2021 and 2022. Coincidentally, Rio de Janeiro and Bahia, the Brazilian states with the highest number of homicides, are also the ones with the highest number of people killed by the police. In Rio, the state with the second-highest figure, people of color were the main victims of deadly police interventions.

In the last 30 years, the global femicide rate slightly decreased. In 1993, there were almost three femicides per 100,000 population while in 2020, there were two femicides per 100,000 population worldwide.

Mental characteristics (psychopathy, psychological distress, and treatment history) of Argentinean perpetrators of femicide, homicide and other violent crimes.

Around 50,000 women and girls were estimated to have been killed by their husbands, partners, or family members in 2023. The number was highest in Africa, with nearly half of those cases.

Around 50,000 women and girls were estimated to have been killed by their husbands, partners, or family members in 2023. The partner and family femicide rate was highest in Africa at nearly three per 100,000 inhabitants, whereas the second highest rate was found in the Americas.

During 2024, a total of ** girls and teenagers died as a result of femicide in Peru. Adults women were the main victims of femicide in the South American country. Most murders were carried out by the partner or ex-partner of the victim.

In present times, gender-based violence (GBV) is a global scourge. It is highly prevalent in South Africa, where the rates of incidents are exorbitant, particularly those of sexual violence against women. The goal of this paper is to explore the implications of factors such as societal norms affected by the country’s unique historical circumstances that promote rising rates of gender-based violence, significant underreporting of these instances, sexual violence and the consequences for the survivors. The paper uses secondary data to study the intersectionality of gender, population group (race), socio-economic status, and geographical location. We further analyze the sociodemographic of GBV (particularly rape) victims and perpetrators to put the focus on better and more gender-responsive prevention strategies. The paper highlights the importance of paying attention to intimate partner violence (IPV) as this constitutes a highly significant percentage of the total cases of rape and femicide. The study shows that non-white women constitute the most vulnerable group to GBV. We conclude that proper mechanisms must be put in place which require the cooperation of the police, judicial, medical, social and other support services to properly tackle this violence which must account for every population group, especially the historically marginalized ones.Citation: Alvarez Merino, E., & Afa, I. J. (2025). Exploring the Complexities of Gender-Based Violence in South Africa: A Comprehensive Analysis. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 15, 26-38. https://doi.org/10.1080/ijhss.v15p3URL: https://ijhssnet.com/journal/index/5011

Until June 2024, 33 women and girls were killed on account of their gender in the Caribbean country In 2023 most of them murdered by their current partner. The province of La Vega and the capital Santo Domingo, recorded the largest number of femicides, a total of five each.

In 2021, a total of 256 murders were classified as femicides in Argentina. Two years earlier, 327 femicide victims were documented, the highest number of such cases since 2016. Buenos Aires was the province with most femicides in Argentina that year. This type of homicide is defined as the murder of a woman or girl on account of their gender. In Latin America, Brazil is the country with the highest number of femicides.

In 2023, almost one out of three ever-partnered Turkish women had experienced domestic violence. In comparison, only 12 percent of women living in Switzerland had experienced domestic violence in their lifetime.

In Europe, the Baltic countries of Latvia and Lithuania had the highest and third highest homicide rates respectively in 2022. Latvia had the highest rate at over four per 100,000 inhabitants. Meanwhile, the lowest homicide rate was found in Liechtenstein, with zero murders The most dangerous country worldwide Saint Kitts and Nevis is the world's most dangerous country to live in in terms of murder rate. The Caribbean country had a homicide rate of 65 per 100,000 inhabitants. Nine of the 10 countries with the highest murder rates worldwide are located in Latin America and the Caribbean. Whereas Celaya in Mexico was listed as the city with the highest murder rate worldwide, Colima in Mexico was the city with the highest homicide rate in Latin America, so the numbers vary from source to source. Nevertheless, several Mexican cities rank among the deadliest in the world when it comes to intentional homicides. Violent conflicts worldwide Notably, these figures do not include deaths that resulted from war or a violent conflict. While there is a persistent number of conflicts worldwide, resulting casualties are not considered murders. Partially due to this reason, homicide rates in Latin America are higher than those in countries such as Ukraine or the DR Congo. A different definition of murder in these circumstances could change the rate significantly.

From January to December 2024, the number of femicide cases reported in Chile was already 51. During the last decade, the highest number of femicides were recorded in 2017 with 69 cases.
Danger comes from the inside It may sound counterintuitive to say that the most dangerous place for women is inside their own home with family members or partners. Nonetheless, for victims of femicide that is the case. During 2022, almost 75 percent of all the femicides recorded in Chile, the perpetrator was either the current or ex partner of the victim. Figure that grows considering that in only 5.6 percent of the cases the victim had no reported relationship with their perpetrators. Moreover, the number of cases by place of occurrence shows a similar story, the most common place is the victim's own place of residence.

Homicides in Chile During 2023, almost two people in Chile every day were victims of homicide. The situation does not present a positive outlook for the decline in the number of cases. For the last couple of years, the homicide rate in the South American country has started to increase, going from 2.6 cases per 100,000 inhabitants in 2019 to 4.5 cases per 100,000 inhabitants in 2023. After the wave of violence, the Chilean government started a program called "Streets with no violence" to try to stop the spread of criminal organizations and overall violent crime.