Maps depicting the public Bloomington fiber and communications geospatial data.

This map shows information about broadband services and providers in Middlesex County.

https://www.fcc.gov/general/explanation-broadband-deployment-data

This interactive map includes build telecommunication facilities, dark fiber (both future and in progress), and other telecommunication-related data. In September 2020, the Loudoun County Board of Supervisors directed staff to document telecommunication projects completed, in-progress, and future projects, using the 2014 Wireless GAP Analysis and the Segra Dark Fiber Area Network. Staff mapped the data identified by the Board, as well as other information related to telecommunication projects. This information was then used to identify select unserved or underserved geographic areas of the county.The companion Story Map steps through each dataset used in the project.

COA Utilities

The ILR draws up coverage maps of fibre optic FO networks meeting the quality criteria of a Very High Capacity Network, i.e. a fixed network allowing a downstream speed of at least 1Gbps. Network coverage maps in Luxembourg are produced in accordance with Article 26 of the law of 17 December 2021 on electronic communications networks and services. For more information, please see here [link to ILR website RGDR section].

Visual display of the Stealth Fiber Map kmz file found in the Broadband Data Dig dataset.

(https://data.cityofnewyork.us/dataset/Broadband-Data-Dig-Datasets/ft4n-yqee)

Mapping the brain's fiber network is crucial for understanding its function and malfunction, but resolving nerve trajectories over large fields of view is challenging. Electron microscopy only studies small brain volumes, diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) has limited spatial resolution, and polarization microscopy provides unidirectional orientations in birefringence-preserving tissues. Scattered light imaging (SLI) has previously enabled micron-resolution mapping of multi-directional fibers in unstained brain cryo-sections. Here, we show that using a highly sensitive setup, computational SLI (ComSLI) can map fiber networks in histology independent of sample preparation, also in fresh-frozen and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues, including whole human brain sections. We showcase this method in new and archived, animal and human brain sections, for different stains and steps of sample preparation (in paraffin, deparaffinized, stained). Employing novel analyses, we convert microscopic orientations to microstructure-informed fiber orientation distributions (μFODs). Adapting MR tractography tools, we trace axonal trajectories via orientation distribution functions and microstructure-derived tractograms, revealing white and gray matter connectivity. These allow us to identify altered microstructure in multiple sclerosis and leukoencephalopathy, reveal deficient tracts in hippocampal sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease, and show key advantages over dMRI, polarization microscopy, and structure tensor analysis. Finally, we map fibers in non-brain tissues -including muscle, bone, and blood vessels- unveiling the tissue's function. Our cost-effective, versatile approach enables micron-resolution studies of intricate fiber networks across tissues, species, diseases, and sample preparations, offering new dimensions to neuroscientific and biomedical research. Methods Sample preparation Whole human brain (BigBrain) sections The silver-stained human brain section (Fig. 1, Supplementary Movie 1, and Supplementary Figs. 1, 2, and 10) was obtained from a 30-year-old male body donor without neurological disorders. The brain was removed within 24 hours after death, fixed in 4% formalin, dehydrated in increasing alcohol series (80%, 90%, 96%, 100% ethanol for at least one week), and embedded in 57-60°C paraffin solution for two to three months. For a more detailed description, see Amunts et al., 201311. Subsequently, the brain was coronally cut into 20 µm-thin sections from anterior to posterior with a large-scale microtome (Leica SM2500 Microtome) and mounted. The sections were placed in a decreasing alcohol series to remove the paraffin, stained with silver following the protocol of Merker62 to highlight neuronal cell bodies, and mounted on glass slides. The sections are part of the so-called second BigBrain data set63, 3D-reconstructed with the same spatial resolution of 20μm isotropic, such as the original Jülich BigBrains11. For our study, we used section no. 3452. The Cresyl-violet stained human brain sections (Fig. 4, and Supplementary Figs. 8, 9, and 11) were obtained from a 71-year-old male body donor without neurological disorders. The brain was prepared as described above, but stained with Cresyl-violet instead of silver. For our study, sections no. 3301 (Fig. 4, and Supplementary Figs. 8 and 9) and 2520 (Supplementary Fig. 11) were selected and measured one and a half years after tissue preparation. The body donors gave written informed consent for the general use of postmortem tissue in this study for the aims of research and education. The usage is covered by a vote of the ethics committee of the medical faculty of the Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany (#4863). 120-year-old myelin-stained human brain section The myelin-stained human brain section (Fig. 2B) comes from the brain collection of the Cécile and Oskar Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany. The brain of a 25-year-old male was embedded in celloidin and stained according to Weigert’s iron hematoxylin myelin staining in 190464. Human hippocampus, cortex, and pathology FFPE brain sections Four-millimeter thick formalin-fixed human specimens were dehydrated in increasing ethanol steps (70% x2, 95% x2, 100% x3, 3.5hrs each step), cleared in xylene (3.5hrs x2), paraffin-embedded (3.5hrs x2), and sectioned into 5µm-thin sections. The sections were de-waxed and stained with agents as indicated. The hippocampal sections in Fig. 2A and Supplementary Fig. 3 were from an 89-year-old male with Alzheimer’s pathology, stained against microglia (CD163), Perl’s iron with Diaminobenzidine (DAB) enhancement, tau, and amyloid, with hematoxylin counterstain where indicated. Sections from brains with multiple sclerosis (80 years old, male, from temporal periventricular white matter and cortex) and leukoencephalopathy (43 years old, male, from periventricular white matter and cingulum) were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, luxol fast blue plus hematoxylin and eosin, and neurofilament (2F11) (Fig. 3 and Supplementary Figs. 5-6). Hippocampal and visual cortex sections in Supplementary Fig. 4 were from a 60-year-old male, stained with hematoxylin & eosin, and a 67-year-old female, stained with luxol fast blue, respectively. The sclerotic hippocampal section in Supplementary Fig. 7 was from a 69-year-old female with epilepsy, the control was from a 66-year-old female with no neuropathologic abnormality, and the AD tau-stained hippocampus was the same as in Fig. 2A, as described above. Specimens were acquired under Stanford ADRC IRB (Assurance nr. FWA00000935). Fresh-frozen human hippocampus and visual cortex sections The human hippocampus and primary visual cortex fresh-frozen sections (Supplementary Fig. 5) were from an 88-year-old male with Lewy Body Disease, low Alzheimer’s disease pathology, and cerebrovascular dementia. The brain was processed according to Stanford ADRC procedures; after autopsy, it was cut into 5mm coronal slabs and frozen using frozen metal plates in dry ice. The specimens were excised from the frozen slab, and 30μm sections were cut using a cryostat. The sections were uncover-slipped and let thaw under the microscope, which happened in the first ~100 seconds given their thickness. Specimens were acquired under Stanford ADRC IRB (Assurance nr. FWA00000935). Mouse brain section A female ~10-week-old C57BL/6 mouse (Jackson Laboratories) was housed in a temperature-controlled environment, with a 12-hour light/dark schedule and ad libitum food/water access. It was euthanized for the purposes of a different study (APLAC #32577) under anesthesia with 2-3% isoflurane followed by cardiac puncture and perfusion with 20 mL phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). The brain was harvested, kept in 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA) in PBS for 24 hours at 4°C, transferred to 10%, 20%, and 30% sucrose in PBS, embedded in Tissue-Tek O.C.T. in dry ice for 1 hour, and cut sagittally into 10μm sections using a cryotome (Leica CM1860). The sections were subsequently washed, mounted on a glass slide, incubated with Iba1 antibody (dilution 1:200), secondary antibody (goat anti-rabbit Cy3 1:200), and cover-slipped. A mid-sagittal section was selected for evaluation (Fig. 2G-J). Pig brain section A 4-week female Yorkshire pig (#2) was euthanized for a different study (Stanford APLAC protocol nr 33684), the brain was harvested, cut into 5-mm coronal slabs using a brain slicer, and a mid-frontal slab (#5) was paraffin-embedded, similar to the human pathologic specimen preparation above. The slab was cut in 10μm sections using a Leica HistoCore AUTOCUT microtome. After deparaffinization, a section (#127) was stained with hematoxylin and eosin and cover-slipped (Fig. 2K-N). Human tongue, colorectal, bone, and artery wall sections The non-brain tissue sections (Fig. 5 and Supplementary Fig. 12) were obtained from a tissue archive at Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, approved by the Medisch Ethische Toetsing Commissie (METC) under number MEC-2023-0587. The tissue samples were obtained from patients during surgery. The bone sample was decalcified first using DecalMATE by Milestone Medical. Afterwards, all samples were fixed in 4% formaldehyde for 24 hours, dehydrated in increasing alcohol series (70%, 80%, 90%, 96%, 100% ethanol), treated with xylene, embedded in paraffin, and cut with a microtome (Leica RM2165) into 4μm-thin sections. The sections were placed in a decreasing alcohol series to remove the paraffin, mounted on glass slides, stained with hematoxylin and eosin (artery wall with Verhoeff-Van Gieson elastin staining), and then cover-slipped. Brightfield microscopy The whole human brain sections were scanned with the TissueScope LE120 Slide Scanner by Huron Digital Pathology, Huron Technologies International Inc. The device measures in brightfield mode with 20X magnification and 0.74 NA, providing a pixel size of 0.4µm. The final images were stored with a pixel size of 1µm. The hippocampus, cortex, pathology, and animal brain sections were scanned using an Aperio AT2 whole slide scanner with the ImageScope software and a 20X magnification, resulting in brightfield images with a pixel size of 0.5μm. The stained non-brain microscopy slides were scanned using the Nanozoomer 2.0 HT digital slide scanner by Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., offering a 20X magnification and a pixel size of 0.46µm. The unstained non-brain microscopy slides were scanned using the Keyence VHX-6000 Digital Microscope (with VH-ZST objective, 20X), with a pixel size of 10μm. ComSLI Whole human brain (silver-stained), hippocampus, cortex, pathology, and animal brain sections Measurements were performed with a rotating light source and camera (cf. Fig. 1B), using a Flexacam C3 12 MP microscope camera (Leica) and a Navitar 12X Zoom Lens with a 0.67X Standard Adapter and a 0.5X Lens Attachment, with 4.25-9μm

In summer in Massachusetts, USA, preferential groundwater discharge zones are often colder than adjacent streambed areas that do not have substantial discharge. Therefore, discharge zones can efficiently be identified and mapped over space using heat as a tracer. This data release contains fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing (FO-DTS) data collected along the streambed interface of the main channel and tributaries of the upper Quashnet River, within approximately 1 km of Johns Pond, from June 14 to June 20, 2020. For these deployments a Salixa XT-DTS control unit (Salixa Ltd, Hertfordshire, UK) was used, and measurements were made over several day increments at 0.508 m linear resolution. Specific locations for collected data are located within the data files, and additional details are contained in the ‘readme’ files within each zipped data directory. Measured data in the form of Salixa instrument files are located in the 'Raw' data directory, including data collected along ...

Rear area of the Pooling Point (ZAPM) with location of * * NRO * * (Optical connection node) and * * PMZ * * (Pooling Point) from OpenStreetMap ®.

Dataset extracted from OpenStreetMap ® — open dataset, available under the Open Data Commons Open Database License (ODbL) granted by the OpenStreetMap Foundation (OSMF).

ZAPM_FRANCE_NRO_PMZ.zip contains the QGIS (or QField on Android) file of the back areas of the Pooling Point (ZAPM).

reuse on framacarte

Approximate location of fiber conduit and cables shown in addition to structure features such as pull boxes, manholes, handholes, etc. Locations are for general system reference. No warranties are expressed or implied by infrastructure data and the use of this data does not replace the need for ground survey or 811 locate services. Contact City of Marysville IT Department with questions.

The Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development worked with the Office of the Government Chief Information Officer to conduct an audit of Western Australia's telecommunications infrastructure in 2017. One aspect of this project identified the approximate location of the optic fibre in the state. This information was collated from a number of sources. This spreadsheet provides a list of the reference sources. Show full description

Broadband provider data is from FCC Form 477 deployment data, reported as of June 2019.

PDF Map of FCC provider reported terrestrial broadband footprint for January - June 2020. This map seeks to highlight areas that are undeserved by terrestrial broadband (fiber/cable/dsl on the ground).These data represent a static snapshot of provider reported coverage between January 2020 and June 2020. Maps also depict the locations of federally recognized tribes, Alaskan communities, ANCSA and borough boundaries.Broadband coverage is represented using provider reported footprint of areas with laid cable with a resolution at the census block level. This map was produced by DCRA using data provided by NTIA through the NBAM platform as part of a joint data sharing agreement undertaken in the year 2021. Maps were produced using the feature layer "Broadband Provider Reported Footprints":Coverage is symbolized using the following legend:Fiber: PinkCable: BlueDSL: Orange

This data contains the probability map of a short fibre bundle connecting the right hemisphere Rostral Middle Frontal and Superior Frontal regions of the Desikan-Killiany atlas, in the MNI ICBM152 reference brain. This bundle was identified using a hybrid approach, incorporating anatomical information (from cortical regions of interest) and fibre shape (fibre clustering), from the tractography datasets of 78 subjects in the Neurospin’s ARCHI database. The map shows the probability of finding a fibre belonging to the bundle in each voxel of the reference brain. The maximum probability corresponds to the voxels with the highest number of putative fibres going through.

This dataset can be used to assess the approximate location of "Fiber-To-The-Home" (FTTH) internet service along Vermont roadways.

The data set was built using the VT Data - E911 Road Centerlines and service availability information voluntarily shared by fiber providers in Vermont. Routes represented here are a subset of the total E911 Roadway Centerline line segments. Here is the REST endpoint.

Data is collected and collated from Vermont's fiber providers by PSD-Telecom. Each year, PSD-T requests data from internet service providers regarding the service routes for that organization. The State of Vermont cannot make any claims as to the accuracy or completeness of the data provided to the state by providers. The data is combination of provider-shared route maps and address-level service data. In each case, E911 road centerline data near those lines or points are selected to create this dataset.

Data from these sources was accessed and collected in the summer of 2024. Projects of new construction begun at or around that time may not be available on this map.

Please note, in some cases there may be discontinuous line segments in the dataset. Due to the process by which this dataset is made and the information from providers, there may be some stand-alone roadway sections. This route data does not indicate service availability.

We evaluated the potential of a fiber optic cable connected to distributed temperature sensing (DTS) technology to withstand wildland fire conditions and quantify fire behavior parameters. We used a custom-made ‘fire cable’ consisting of three optical fibers coated with three different materials—acrylate, copper and polyimide. The 150-m cable was deployed in grasslands and burned in three prescribed fires. The DTS system recorded fire cable output every three seconds and integrated temperatures every 50.6 cm. Results indicated the fire cable was physically capable of withstanding repeated rugged use. Fiber coating materials withstood temperatures up to 422 °C. Changes in fiber attenuation following fire were near zero (−0.81 to 0.12 dB/km) indicating essentially no change in light gain or loss as a function of distance or fire intensity over the length of the fire cable. Results indicated fire cable and DTS technology have potential to quantify fire environment parameters such as heat duration and rate of spread but additional experimentation and analysis are required to determine efficacy and response times. This study adds understanding of DTS and fire cable technology as a potential new method for characterizing fire behavior parameters at greater temporal and spatial scales.

Raw project data is available by contacting ctemps@unr.edu

Approximate location of fiber conduit and cables shown in addition to structure features such as pull boxes, manholes, handholes, etc. Locations are for general system reference. No warranties are expressed or implied by infrastructure data and the use of this data does not replace the need for ground survey or 811 locate services. Contact City of Marysville IT Department with questions.

PDF Map of FCC Form 477 provider reported maximum download speeds by census block for January - June 2020. This map seeks to highlight areas that are undeserved by terrestrial broadband (fiber/cable/dsl on the ground), with "underserved" defined as down/up speeds less than 25/3 Mbps.These data represent a static snapshot of provider reported coverage between January 2020 and June 2020. Maps also depict the locations of federally recognized tribes, Alaskan communities, ANCSA and borough boundaries.Broadband coverage is represented using provider reported speeds under the FCC Form 477 the amalgamated broadband speed measurement category based on Form 477 "All Terrestrial Broadband" as a proxy for coverage. This field is unique to the NBAM platform. These maps do not include satellite internet coverage (and may not include microwave coverage through the TERRA network for all connected areas).This map was produced by DCRA using data provided by NTIA through the NBAM platform as part of a joint data sharing agreement undertaken in the year 2021. Maps were produced using the feature layer "NBAM Data by Census Geography v4": https://maps.ntia.gov/arcgis/home/item.html?id=8068e420210542ba8d2b02c1c971fb20Coverage is symbolized using the following legend:No data avalible or no terrestrial coverage: Grey or transparent< 10 Mbps Maximum Reported Download: Red10-25 Mbps Maximum Reported Download: Orange25-50 Mbps Maximum Reported Download: Yellow50-100 Mbps Maximum Reported Download: Light Blue100-1000 Mbps Maximum Reported Download: Dark Blue_Description from layer "NBAM Data by Census Geography v4":This layer is a composite of seven sublayers with adjacent scale ranges: States, Counties, Census Tracts, Census Block Groups, Census Blocks, 100m Hexbins and 500m Hexbins. Each type of geometry contains demographic and internet usage data taken from the following sources: US Census Bureau 2010 Census data (2010) USDA Non-Rural Areas (2013) FCC Form 477 Fixed Broadband Deployment Data (Jan - Jun 2020) Ookla Consumer-Initiated Fixed Wi-Fi Speed Test Results (Jan - Jun 2020) FCC Population, Housing Unit, and Household Estimates (2019). Note that these are derived from Census and other data. BroadbandNow Average Minimum Terrestrial Broadband Plan Prices (2020) M-Lab (Jan - Jun 2020)Some data values are unique to the NBAM platform: US Census and USDA Rurality values. For units larger than blocks, block count (urban/rural) was used to determine this. Some tracts and block groups have an equal number of urban and rural blocks—so a new coded value was introduced: S (split). All blocks are either U or R, while tracts and block groups can be U, R, or S. Amalgamated broadband speed measurement categories based on Form 477. These include: 99: All Terrestrial Broadband Plus Satellite 98: All Terrestrial Broadband 97: Cable Modem 96: DSL 95: All Other (Electric Power Line, Other Copper Wireline, Other) Computed differences between FCC Form 477 and Ookla values for each area. These are reflected by six fields containing the difference of maximum, median, and minimum upload and download speed values.The FCC Speed Values method is applied to all speeds from all data sources within the custom-configured Omnibus service pop-up. This includes: Geography: State, County, Tract, Block Group, Block, Hex Bins geographies Data source: all data within the Omnibus, i.e. FCC, Ookla, M-Lab Representation: comparison tables and single speed values

Delineates the boundary that will be used during the Bloomington municipal fiber build-out as a priority for the purposes of digital equity.