London was the most attractive financial center in Western Europe as of September 2024. According to five broad areas of competitiveness that the ranking was built on (business environment, human capital, infrastructure, financial sector development, and reputation), London received *** points. Frankfurt ranked second, with a rating of ***. According to the Global Power City Index (GPCI), London was also the most attractive city worldwide for its economy, research and development, cultural interaction, livability, environment, and accessibility. Financial employment in the UK In 2022, the value added in the finance and insurance services sector in the United Kingdom as a percentage of total GDP was one of the largest in Europe. However, total employment in the financial services sector overall decreased since 2008. The mean weekly wage of full-time employees in the financial and insurance sector also dropped and never recovered from a sharp decrease in 2018. Largest European financial institutions In 2023, HSBC topped the list of the largest European banks in terms of total assets. With more than *** trillion U.S. dollars, the UK-based giant ranked before BNP Paribas, the largest banking institution in France.

Astana, the capital of Kazakhstan, was rated the most attractive financial center among the presented cities in Eastern Europe, Southern Europe, and Central Asia in 2024, with a rating of ***. It was followed by Almaty and Tallinn. To compare, Moscow had a Global Financial Centers Index (GFCI) rating of 590. The rating is based on an index incorporating numerous factors, including business environment, human capital, taxation, and infrastructure, among others. The global financial center ranking is led by New York.

Graph and download economic data for Capital Accounts and Financial Accounts: Total Balance Including Change in Reserve Assets for the Euro Area (DISCONTINUED) (BPCFTT01EZA636N) from 1998 to 2012 about capital account, financial account, BOP, Euro Area, reserves, Europe, financial, and assets.

Graph and download economic data for Bank Regulatory Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets for Euro Area (DISCONTINUED) (DDSI05EZA156NWDB) from 1998 to 2015 about Euro Area, capital, Europe, and assets.

The European capital market exchange ecosystem, encompassing major exchanges like Euronext, London Stock Exchange, and Deutsche Börse, is experiencing robust growth, driven by increasing investor activity and the ongoing digital transformation of financial services. The market's Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) exceeding 1.00% indicates a consistently expanding market size, projected to reach significant value in the coming years. While precise figures are unavailable, estimations based on industry reports suggest a market size of approximately €5 trillion in 2025, further expanding to potentially €6 trillion by 2033. This growth is fueled by several key factors, including the rising prevalence of retail and institutional investment in European markets, the increasing adoption of fintech solutions that streamline trading processes and improve access for investors, and the expansion of sustainable and impact investing. The market is segmented by type (primary and secondary markets), financial instruments (debt and equity), and investor types (retail and institutional). Furthermore, regional variations are significant, with the United Kingdom, Germany, and France commanding the largest shares of the market, although other countries like the Netherlands and Italy are also showing strong growth. However, the market also faces challenges. Regulatory changes, geopolitical uncertainty, and economic fluctuations pose considerable risks to consistent growth. Increased regulatory scrutiny aimed at protecting investors and maintaining market stability could increase compliance costs for exchanges and hinder innovation. Economic downturns can lead to reduced investor confidence and trading volumes. Nevertheless, the long-term outlook for the European capital market exchange ecosystem remains positive. Continued technological advancements, coupled with the increasing attractiveness of European markets to both domestic and international investors, are expected to drive substantial growth throughout the forecast period. Furthermore, the growing focus on ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) investing presents a significant opportunity for the exchanges to adapt and expand their offerings, leading to further market expansion. Recent developments include: In October 2023, Euronext introduced a new VaR-based margin methodology on the Euronext Milan equities, ETF and financial derivatives markets., In March 2023, Innovate UK and the London Stock Exchange entered a partnership to enable financial access for businesses that prioritize innovation and position them for growth. With this alliance, the UK's long-term capital of EUR 6 trillion will be made more accessible for innovation and growth in the country.. Notable trends are: Significance of Primary Market in European Capital Market Exchange Ecosystem.

On the EU wide stress test carried out in 2025, ICCREA Banca S.p.A. – Istituto Centrale del Credito Cooperativo proved to be the best performing bank in terms of CET1 capital ratio (adverse scenario) for the year 2027. It was followed by Caixa Geral de Depósitos and Citigroup Global Markets Europe AG, with ***** percent and **** percent, respectively. Since 2014 the European Banking Authority has conducted the stress test in order to establish whether Europe's largest banks could withstand another financial crisis by measuring the capital ratio of each bank over a three year adverse scenario. During 2023's stress test, all banks except for one were concluded to have enough capital to weather such a storm in the near future.

According to an EU wide stress test carried out in 2025, Landesbank Baden-Württemberg will be the bank with the worst CET1 capital ratio (adverse scenario) in 2027, with **** percent. According to the test, Landesbank Hessen-Thüringen Girozentrale and Deutsche Bank AG will follow, with **** percent and **** percent, respectively. Since 2014 the European Banking Authority has conducted the stress test in order to establish whether Europe's largest banks could withstand another financial crisis by measuring the capital ratio of each bank over a * year adverse scenario. During 2023's stress test, all banks, except for La Banque Postale, were concluded to have enough capital to weather such a storm in the near future.

Context & Content

Have you ever noticed how bank credit changes over time? In some periods, banks are more willing to lend while at other times, the faucets are closed. These fluctuations in financial conditions are a normal feature of economies all over the world. But to prevent that excess during the "good times" of ample credit eventually over-expose banks to disproportionate risk when things go sour, banking supervisors have created the Countercyclical Capital Buffer, of "CCyB" for short. The CCyB is one of various tools that banking supervisors have to ensure that banks are resilient to economic conditions, thereby preventing future financial crisis.

Less formally, you can think of the CCyB this way: the more "heated" the economy of a certain country is, authorities might choose to activate this tool and require more capital from banks, in effect preventing them from overexposing themselves to this overheated economy. In contrast, when the economy is not overheated or even when it is depressed, authorities are likely to set it to zero (ie, deactivate this tool) so that banks are not constrained by it and could resume lending to jumpstart the economy.

Acknowledgements

This dataset is owned, compiled and updated by the European Systemic Risk Board. I am just a keen user, but not a contributor to this dataset in any way.

Photo by Adeolu Eletu on www.unsplash.com.

Inspiration

The dataset may be interesting both for people interested in economics and banking, but also for data scientists in general. The former group will have the chance to work on a country-level (countries in Europe) time series of CCyB deicisions that includes interesting information, such as a standardised measure of how intense was the credit markets at the time the decision was made.

For data scientists in general, I would highlight the format of this data: the panel consists of decisions made by countries, but the catch is that they were made at different dates; some countries decide their CCyB rate with a specific frequency while others are more loose on that respect; finally, another very interesting aspect of this data for data wrangling is that there are several dates associated with each CCyB decision by a national authority: the day when the authority decided to set a new level (or confirm the existing one); the date that this decision was disclosed to the general public; and the day by which the new rate will be applied. It took me some time to figure out how exactly to transform all of this in a more common type of data series format - I hope this could both inspire you to work and share similar data, but I'm also looking forward to any contributions in terms of code you might have to make it more efficient or clear. Also, if you feel like porting the code to Python, that would be a big learning opportunity for me and others.

The Europe Capital Market Exchange Ecosystem report segments the industry into By Type Of Market (Primary Market, Secondary Market), By Financial Instruments (Debt, Equity), By Investors (Retail Investors, Institutional Investors), and By Country (UK, Germany, France, Italy, Spain, Netherlands, Switzerland, Rest Of Europe). Get five years of historical data alongside five-year market forecasts.

Graph and download economic data for Balance of payments BPM6: Capital account: Capital account Balance: Gross acquisitions/disposals of non-produced non-financial assets Balance for the European Union (EU28B6CATT01NCCUQ) from Q1 1999 to Q4 2019 about capital account, EU, BOP, nonfinancial, Europe, gross, and assets.

Graph and download economic data for Capital Accounts and Financial Accounts: Total Balance Including Change in Reserve Assets for the Euro Area (DISCONTINUED) (BPCFTT01EZQ636N) from Q1 1998 to Q4 2012 about capital account, financial account, BOP, Euro Area, reserves, Europe, financial, and assets.

As of June 2025, there were a total of 4,752 credit institutions operating in the European Union. Across Europe, approximately 1.8 million individuals were employed by credit institutions, with some bank employees looking after more than 200 customers each. The German banking sector In 2025, Germany had more than twice as many banks operating than any other European country, despite a steady downward trend for years. Germany has 3 main types of banks, which include commercial, savings (or Sparkassen) and cooperative banks. Despite the declining number of banks, the German bank sector's assets increased steadily during the last decade, amounting to over 10 trillion euros in 2024. What is the leading bank in Europe? In 2024, HSBC was the largest bank in Europe, in terms of market capitalization. The British headquartered bank also led the European banking sector in terms of assets and tier 1 capital. The UK giant also ranked first in terms of revenue. When it comes to digital banking, Revolut stands out as the leading player, with its customer base rising sharply in recent years, reaching over 52 million at the end of 2024.

Discover the booming European Financial Advisory Services market! This in-depth analysis reveals market size, CAGR, key drivers, trends, and top players like KPMG and Deloitte, projecting robust growth through 2033. Explore regional breakdowns and segment insights for strategic planning. Recent developments include: February 2023: Deloitte boosted its start-up and scale-up capabilities with the acquisition of 27 pilots, a Germany-based incubator, a venture capitalist, and a matchmaker. With 27 Pilots as part of its portfolio, Deloitte will be able to better serve its base of start-ups and scale-ups with a full range of services, from incubation and growth through to technology, infrastructure, and venture capital solutions., January 2023: Global management and technology consultancy BearingPoint strengthened its team in France with the acquisition of Levo Consultants, a Paris-based financial services consultancy.. Notable trends are: Rising Tax Advisory by Financial Advisory Services.

The data and programs replicate tables and figures from "Failing Banks," by Correia, Luck, and Verner. Please see the README file for additional details.

View quarterly updates and historical trends for European Union Auxiliary Activities of Financial Intermediation Capital Expenditure Expectations (DISCONT…

Euro Area recorded a capital and financial account surplus of 55.11 EUR Billion in September of 2025. This dataset provides - Euro Area Capital Flows - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

European Union BOP: EU27E: Current and Capital Account data was reported at 95.277 EUR bn in Dec 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 140.252 EUR bn for Sep 2019. European Union BOP: EU27E: Current and Capital Account data is updated quarterly, averaging 12.074 EUR bn from Mar 1999 (Median) to Dec 2019, with 84 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 140.252 EUR bn in Sep 2019 and a record low of -53.324 EUR bn in Jun 2008. European Union BOP: EU27E: Current and Capital Account data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Eurostat. The data is categorized under Global Database’s European Union – Table EU.JB001: BPM6: Eurostat: Balance of Payments: Quarterly.

The European financial advisory services market is experiencing robust growth, driven by increasing regulatory complexity, the need for strategic guidance amidst economic uncertainty, and the rising adoption of digital technologies within the financial sector. The market, segmented by service type (corporate finance, accounting advisory, tax advisory, transaction services, risk management, and others), organizational size (large enterprises and SMEs), and industry vertical (BFSI, IT & Telecom, manufacturing, retail & e-commerce, public sector, healthcare, and others), presents diverse opportunities for established players and new entrants. The strong CAGR of over 4% indicates a consistently expanding market, with a projected value exceeding €[Estimate based on 2025 value and CAGR. For example, if 2025 value is estimated at €100 million and CAGR is 4%, 2033 value could be estimated using compound interest calculations.] by 2033. Key drivers include the need for businesses to optimize their financial strategies in response to evolving market conditions and the increasing demand for specialized expertise in areas like risk management and regulatory compliance. The UK, Germany, France, and other major European economies are expected to contribute significantly to market growth, fueled by their strong financial sectors and thriving business environments. While the market exhibits strong growth potential, challenges remain. These include the intensifying competition among established consulting firms and the emergence of niche players offering specialized services. Furthermore, economic downturns could temporarily dampen demand, requiring advisory firms to adapt their strategies and service offerings to remain competitive. However, the long-term outlook remains positive, particularly with the ongoing digital transformation of the financial industry, creating opportunities for firms specializing in areas like fintech advisory and data analytics. The market's diverse segmentation presents ample opportunities for players to specialize and cater to specific client needs, ensuring sustained growth throughout the forecast period. Recent developments include: February 2023: Deloitte boosted its start-up and scale-up capabilities with the acquisition of 27 pilots, a Germany-based incubator, a venture capitalist, and a matchmaker. With 27 Pilots as part of its portfolio, Deloitte will be able to better serve its base of start-ups and scale-ups with a full range of services, from incubation and growth through to technology, infrastructure, and venture capital solutions., January 2023: Global management and technology consultancy BearingPoint strengthened its team in France with the acquisition of Levo Consultants, a Paris-based financial services consultancy.. Notable trends are: Rising Tax Advisory by Financial Advisory Services.

The size of the Europe Capital Market Exchange Ecosystem market was valued at USD XX Million in 2024 and is projected to reach USD XXX Million by 2033, with an expected CAGR of 1.00">> 1.00% during the forecast period. Recent developments include: In October 2023, Euronext introduced a new VaR-based margin methodology on the Euronext Milan equities, ETF and financial derivatives markets., In March 2023, Innovate UK and the London Stock Exchange entered a partnership to enable financial access for businesses that prioritize innovation and position them for growth. With this alliance, the UK's long-term capital of EUR 6 trillion will be made more accessible for innovation and growth in the country.. Notable trends are: Significance of Primary Market in European Capital Market Exchange Ecosystem.

Success.ai’s Company Financial Data for European Financial Professionals provides a comprehensive dataset tailored for businesses looking to connect with financial leaders, analysts, and decision-makers across Europe. Covering roles such as CFOs, accountants, financial consultants, and investment managers, this dataset offers verified contact details, firmographic insights, and actionable professional histories.

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