Graph and download economic data for Rest of the World; Capital Account Transactions (Net), Transactions (BOGZ1FA265430003Q) from Q4 1946 to Q2 2025 about capital account, BOP, transactions, and Net.

France FR: BOP: Financial Account: Foreign Direct Investment: Net Inflows: % of GDP data was reported at 1.833 % in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.840 % for 2016. France FR: BOP: Financial Account: Foreign Direct Investment: Net Inflows: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 1.128 % from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2017, with 48 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.879 % in 2005 and a record low of 0.204 % in 2014. France FR: BOP: Financial Account: Foreign Direct Investment: Net Inflows: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s France – Table FR.World Bank.WDI: Balance of Payments: Capital and Financial Account. Foreign direct investment are the net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows net inflows (new investment inflows less disinvestment) in the reporting economy from foreign investors, and is divided by GDP.; ; International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and Balance of Payments databases, World Bank, International Debt Statistics, and World Bank and OECD GDP estimates.; Weighted average; Note: Data starting from 2005 are based on the sixth edition of the IMF's Balance of Payments Manual (BPM6).

Graph and download economic data for Bank Regulatory Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets for Guatemala (DDSI05GTA156NWDB) from 2001 to 2020 about Guatemala, capital, and assets.

Abstract

The fourth edition of the Global Findex offers a lens into how people accessed and used financial services during the COVID-19 pandemic, when mobility restrictions and health policies drove increased demand for digital services of all kinds.

The Global Findex is the world's most comprehensive database on financial inclusion. It is also the only global demand-side data source allowing for global and regional cross-country analysis to provide a rigorous and multidimensional picture of how adults save, borrow, make payments, and manage financial risks. Global Findex 2021 data were collected from national representative surveys of about 128,000 adults in more than 120 economies. The latest edition follows the 2011, 2014, and 2017 editions, and it includes a number of new series measuring financial health and resilience and contains more granular data on digital payment adoption, including merchant and government payments.

The Global Findex is an indispensable resource for financial service practitioners, policy makers, researchers, and development professionals.

Geographic coverage

Northwest Territories, Yukon, and Nunavut (representing approximately 0.3 percent of the Canadian population) were excluded.

Analysis unit

Individual

Kind of data

Observation data/ratings [obs]

Sampling procedure

In most developing economies, Global Findex data have traditionally been collected through face-to-face interviews. Surveys are conducted face-to-face in economies where telephone coverage represents less than 80 percent of the population or where in-person surveying is the customary methodology. However, because of ongoing COVID-19 related mobility restrictions, face-to-face interviewing was not possible in some of these economies in 2021. Phone-based surveys were therefore conducted in 67 economies that had been surveyed face-to-face in 2017. These 67 economies were selected for inclusion based on population size, phone penetration rate, COVID-19 infection rates, and the feasibility of executing phone-based methods where Gallup would otherwise conduct face-to-face data collection, while complying with all government-issued guidance throughout the interviewing process. Gallup takes both mobile phone and landline ownership into consideration. According to Gallup World Poll 2019 data, when face-to-face surveys were last carried out in these economies, at least 80 percent of adults in almost all of them reported mobile phone ownership. All samples are probability-based and nationally representative of the resident adult population. Phone surveys were not a viable option in 17 economies that had been part of previous Global Findex surveys, however, because of low mobile phone ownership and surveying restrictions. Data for these economies will be collected in 2022 and released in 2023.

In economies where face-to-face surveys are conducted, the first stage of sampling is the identification of primary sampling units. These units are stratified by population size, geography, or both, and clustering is achieved through one or more stages of sampling. Where population information is available, sample selection is based on probabilities proportional to population size; otherwise, simple random sampling is used. Random route procedures are used to select sampled households. Unless an outright refusal occurs, interviewers make up to three attempts to survey the sampled household. To increase the probability of contact and completion, attempts are made at different times of the day and, where possible, on different days. If an interview cannot be obtained at the initial sampled household, a simple substitution method is used. Respondents are randomly selected within the selected households. Each eligible household member is listed, and the hand-held survey device randomly selects the household member to be interviewed. For paper surveys, the Kish grid method is used to select the respondent. In economies where cultural restrictions dictate gender matching, respondents are randomly selected from among all eligible adults of the interviewer's gender.

In traditionally phone-based economies, respondent selection follows the same procedure as in previous years, using random digit dialing or a nationally representative list of phone numbers. In most economies where mobile phone and landline penetration is high, a dual sampling frame is used.

The same respondent selection procedure is applied to the new phone-based economies. Dual frame (landline and mobile phone) random digital dialing is used where landline presence and use are 20 percent or higher based on historical Gallup estimates. Mobile phone random digital dialing is used in economies with limited to no landline presence (less than 20 percent).

For landline respondents in economies where mobile phone or landline penetration is 80 percent or higher, random selection of respondents is achieved by using either the latest birthday or household enumeration method. For mobile phone respondents in these economies or in economies where mobile phone or landline penetration is less than 80 percent, no further selection is performed. At least three attempts are made to reach a person in each household, spread over different days and times of day.

Sample size for Canada is 1007.

Mode of data collection

Landline and mobile telephone

Research instrument

Questionnaires are available on the website.

Sampling error estimates

Estimates of standard errors (which account for sampling error) vary by country and indicator. For country-specific margins of error, please refer to the Methodology section and corresponding table in Demirgüç-Kunt, Asli, Leora Klapper, Dorothe Singer, Saniya Ansar. 2022. The Global Findex Database 2021: Financial Inclusion, Digital Payments, and Resilience in the Age of COVID-19. Washington, DC: World Bank.

Afghanistan BOP: Financial Account: Foreign Direct Investment: Net Outflows: % of GDP data was reported at 0.216 % in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.187 % for 2020. Afghanistan BOP: Financial Account: Foreign Direct Investment: Net Outflows: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 0.011 % from Dec 2003 (Median) to 2021, with 17 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.216 % in 2021 and a record low of -0.045 % in 2012. Afghanistan BOP: Financial Account: Foreign Direct Investment: Net Outflows: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Afghanistan – Table AF.World Bank.WDI: Balance of Payments: Capital and Financial Account. Foreign direct investment refers to direct investment equity flows in an economy. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, and other capital. Direct investment is a category of cross-border investment associated with a resident in one economy having control or a significant degree of influence on the management of an enterprise that is resident in another economy. Ownership of 10 percent or more of the ordinary shares of voting stock is the criterion for determining the existence of a direct investment relationship. This series shows net outflows of investment from the reporting economy to the rest of the world, and is divided by GDP.;International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments database, supplemented by data from the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development and official national sources.;Weighted average;Note: Data starting from 2005 are based on the sixth edition of the IMF's Balance of Payments Manual (BPM6).

Net financial account of Uruguay plummeted by 120.75% from -1,998,261,944 US dollars in 2023 to 414,566,483 US dollars in 2024. Since the 1,273.25% surge in 2022, net financial account sank by 116.10% in 2024. The net financial account shows net acquisition and disposal of financial assets and liabilities. It measures how net lending to or borrowing from nonresidents is financed, and is conceptually equal to the sum of the balances on the current and capital accounts. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Graph and download economic data for Rest of the World; Capital Transfers Received from U.S. Government, Transactions (BOGZ1FA265400033Q) from Q4 1946 to Q2 2025 about capital transfers, receivables, transactions, capital, and USA.

Abstract

The fourth edition of the Global Findex offers a lens into how people accessed and used financial services during the COVID-19 pandemic, when mobility restrictions and health policies drove increased demand for digital services of all kinds.

The Global Findex is the world's most comprehensive database on financial inclusion. It is also the only global demand-side data source allowing for global and regional cross-country analysis to provide a rigorous and multidimensional picture of how adults save, borrow, make payments, and manage financial risks. Global Findex 2021 data were collected from national representative surveys of about 128,000 adults in more than 120 economies. The latest edition follows the 2011, 2014, and 2017 editions, and it includes a number of new series measuring financial health and resilience and contains more granular data on digital payment adoption, including merchant and government payments.

The Global Findex is an indispensable resource for financial service practitioners, policy makers, researchers, and development professionals.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

Individual

Kind of data

Observation data/ratings [obs]

Sampling procedure

In most developing economies, Global Findex data have traditionally been collected through face-to-face interviews. Surveys are conducted face-to-face in economies where telephone coverage represents less than 80 percent of the population or where in-person surveying is the customary methodology. However, because of ongoing COVID-19 related mobility restrictions, face-to-face interviewing was not possible in some of these economies in 2021. Phone-based surveys were therefore conducted in 67 economies that had been surveyed face-to-face in 2017. These 67 economies were selected for inclusion based on population size, phone penetration rate, COVID-19 infection rates, and the feasibility of executing phone-based methods where Gallup would otherwise conduct face-to-face data collection, while complying with all government-issued guidance throughout the interviewing process. Gallup takes both mobile phone and landline ownership into consideration. According to Gallup World Poll 2019 data, when face-to-face surveys were last carried out in these economies, at least 80 percent of adults in almost all of them reported mobile phone ownership. All samples are probability-based and nationally representative of the resident adult population. Phone surveys were not a viable option in 17 economies that had been part of previous Global Findex surveys, however, because of low mobile phone ownership and surveying restrictions. Data for these economies will be collected in 2022 and released in 2023.

In economies where face-to-face surveys are conducted, the first stage of sampling is the identification of primary sampling units. These units are stratified by population size, geography, or both, and clustering is achieved through one or more stages of sampling. Where population information is available, sample selection is based on probabilities proportional to population size; otherwise, simple random sampling is used. Random route procedures are used to select sampled households. Unless an outright refusal occurs, interviewers make up to three attempts to survey the sampled household. To increase the probability of contact and completion, attempts are made at different times of the day and, where possible, on different days. If an interview cannot be obtained at the initial sampled household, a simple substitution method is used. Respondents are randomly selected within the selected households. Each eligible household member is listed, and the hand-held survey device randomly selects the household member to be interviewed. For paper surveys, the Kish grid method is used to select the respondent. In economies where cultural restrictions dictate gender matching, respondents are randomly selected from among all eligible adults of the interviewer's gender.

In traditionally phone-based economies, respondent selection follows the same procedure as in previous years, using random digit dialing or a nationally representative list of phone numbers. In most economies where mobile phone and landline penetration is high, a dual sampling frame is used.

The same respondent selection procedure is applied to the new phone-based economies. Dual frame (landline and mobile phone) random digital dialing is used where landline presence and use are 20 percent or higher based on historical Gallup estimates. Mobile phone random digital dialing is used in economies with limited to no landline presence (less than 20 percent).

For landline respondents in economies where mobile phone or landline penetration is 80 percent or higher, random selection of respondents is achieved by using either the latest birthday or household enumeration method. For mobile phone respondents in these economies or in economies where mobile phone or landline penetration is less than 80 percent, no further selection is performed. At least three attempts are made to reach a person in each household, spread over different days and times of day.

Sample size for Kazakhstan is 1000.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Questionnaires are available on the website.

Sampling error estimates

Estimates of standard errors (which account for sampling error) vary by country and indicator. For country-specific margins of error, please refer to the Methodology section and corresponding table in Demirgüç-Kunt, Asli, Leora Klapper, Dorothe Singer, Saniya Ansar. 2022. The Global Findex Database 2021: Financial Inclusion, Digital Payments, and Resilience in the Age of COVID-19. Washington, DC: World Bank.

Panama PA: BOP: Financial Account: Foreign Direct Investment: Net Outflows data was reported at 632.700 USD mn in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 953.600 USD mn for 2016. Panama PA: BOP: Financial Account: Foreign Direct Investment: Net Outflows data is updated yearly, averaging 148.500 USD mn from Dec 1980 (Median) to 2017, with 31 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.419 USD bn in 2011 and a record low of -173.800 USD mn in 2009. Panama PA: BOP: Financial Account: Foreign Direct Investment: Net Outflows data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Panama – Table PA.World Bank.WDI: Balance of Payments: Capital and Financial Account. Foreign direct investment refers to direct investment equity flows in an economy. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, and other capital. Direct investment is a category of cross-border investment associated with a resident in one economy having control or a significant degree of influence on the management of an enterprise that is resident in another economy. Ownership of 10 percent or more of the ordinary shares of voting stock is the criterion for determining the existence of a direct investment relationship. This series shows net outflows of investment from the reporting economy to the rest of the world. Data are in current U.S. dollars.; ; International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments database, supplemented by data from the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development and official national sources.; Sum; Note: Data starting from 2005 are based on the sixth edition of the IMF's Balance of Payments Manual (BPM6).

Net capital account of Burundi sank by 16.45% from 167,642,283 US dollars in 2022 to 140,073,353 US dollars in 2023. Since the 14.77% jump in 2019, net capital account went up by 3.10% in 2023. Net capital account records acquisitions and disposals of non-produced non-financial assets, such as land sold to embassies and sales of leases and licenses, as well as capital transfers, including government debt forgiveness. The use of the term capital account in this context is designed to be consistent with the System of National Accounts, which distinguishes between capital transactions and financial transactions. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Abstract

The fourth edition of the Global Findex offers a lens into how people accessed and used financial services during the COVID-19 pandemic, when mobility restrictions and health policies drove increased demand for digital services of all kinds.

The Global Findex is the world's most comprehensive database on financial inclusion. It is also the only global demand-side data source allowing for global and regional cross-country analysis to provide a rigorous and multidimensional picture of how adults save, borrow, make payments, and manage financial risks. Global Findex 2021 data were collected from national representative surveys of about 128,000 adults in more than 120 economies. The latest edition follows the 2011, 2014, and 2017 editions, and it includes a number of new series measuring financial health and resilience and contains more granular data on digital payment adoption, including merchant and government payments.

The Global Findex is an indispensable resource for financial service practitioners, policy makers, researchers, and development professionals.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

Individual

Kind of data

Observation data/ratings [obs]

Sampling procedure

In most developing economies, Global Findex data have traditionally been collected through face-to-face interviews. Surveys are conducted face-to-face in economies where telephone coverage represents less than 80 percent of the population or where in-person surveying is the customary methodology. However, because of ongoing COVID-19 related mobility restrictions, face-to-face interviewing was not possible in some of these economies in 2021. Phone-based surveys were therefore conducted in 67 economies that had been surveyed face-to-face in 2017. These 67 economies were selected for inclusion based on population size, phone penetration rate, COVID-19 infection rates, and the feasibility of executing phone-based methods where Gallup would otherwise conduct face-to-face data collection, while complying with all government-issued guidance throughout the interviewing process. Gallup takes both mobile phone and landline ownership into consideration. According to Gallup World Poll 2019 data, when face-to-face surveys were last carried out in these economies, at least 80 percent of adults in almost all of them reported mobile phone ownership. All samples are probability-based and nationally representative of the resident adult population. Phone surveys were not a viable option in 17 economies that had been part of previous Global Findex surveys, however, because of low mobile phone ownership and surveying restrictions. Data for these economies will be collected in 2022 and released in 2023.

In economies where face-to-face surveys are conducted, the first stage of sampling is the identification of primary sampling units. These units are stratified by population size, geography, or both, and clustering is achieved through one or more stages of sampling. Where population information is available, sample selection is based on probabilities proportional to population size; otherwise, simple random sampling is used. Random route procedures are used to select sampled households. Unless an outright refusal occurs, interviewers make up to three attempts to survey the sampled household. To increase the probability of contact and completion, attempts are made at different times of the day and, where possible, on different days. If an interview cannot be obtained at the initial sampled household, a simple substitution method is used. Respondents are randomly selected within the selected households. Each eligible household member is listed, and the hand-held survey device randomly selects the household member to be interviewed. For paper surveys, the Kish grid method is used to select the respondent. In economies where cultural restrictions dictate gender matching, respondents are randomly selected from among all eligible adults of the interviewer's gender.

In traditionally phone-based economies, respondent selection follows the same procedure as in previous years, using random digit dialing or a nationally representative list of phone numbers. In most economies where mobile phone and landline penetration is high, a dual sampling frame is used.

The same respondent selection procedure is applied to the new phone-based economies. Dual frame (landline and mobile phone) random digital dialing is used where landline presence and use are 20 percent or higher based on historical Gallup estimates. Mobile phone random digital dialing is used in economies with limited to no landline presence (less than 20 percent).

For landline respondents in economies where mobile phone or landline penetration is 80 percent or higher, random selection of respondents is achieved by using either the latest birthday or household enumeration method. For mobile phone respondents in these economies or in economies where mobile phone or landline penetration is less than 80 percent, no further selection is performed. At least three attempts are made to reach a person in each household, spread over different days and times of day.

Sample size for Morocco is 1000.

Mode of data collection

Mobile telephone

Research instrument

Questionnaires are available on the website.

Sampling error estimates

Estimates of standard errors (which account for sampling error) vary by country and indicator. For country-specific margins of error, please refer to the Methodology section and corresponding table in Demirgüç-Kunt, Asli, Leora Klapper, Dorothe Singer, Saniya Ansar. 2022. The Global Findex Database 2021: Financial Inclusion, Digital Payments, and Resilience in the Age of COVID-19. Washington, DC: World Bank.

Graph and download economic data for Rest of the World; Capital Transfers Received, Disaster-Related Insurance Benefits, Transactions (BOGZ1FA265400073Q) from Q4 1946 to Q2 2025 about capital transfers, receivables, benefits, insurance, transactions, and capital.

Well-functioning financial systems serve a vital purpose, offering savings, credit, payment, and risk management products to people with a wide range of needs. Yet until now little had been known about the global reach of the financial sector the extent of financial inclusion and the degree to which such groups as the poor, women, and youth are excluded from formal financial systems. Systematic indicators of the use of different financial services had been lacking for most economies. The Global Financial Inclusion (Global Findex) database provides such indicators. This database contains the first round of Global Findex indicators, measuring how adults in more than 140 economies save, borrow, make payments, and manage risk. The data set can be used to track the effects of financial inclusion policies globally and develop a deeper and more nuanced understanding of how people around the world manage their day-to-day finances. By making it possible to identify segments of the population excluded from the formal financial sector, the data can help policy makers prioritize reforms and design new policies.

Uruguay UY: BOP: Financial Account: Foreign Direct Investment: Net data was reported at 232.669 USD mn in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 827.955 USD mn for 2016. Uruguay UY: BOP: Financial Account: Foreign Direct Investment: Net data is updated yearly, averaging -197.754 USD mn from Dec 1978 (Median) to 2017, with 36 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 827.955 USD mn in 2016 and a record low of -2.789 USD bn in 2013. Uruguay UY: BOP: Financial Account: Foreign Direct Investment: Net data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Uruguay – Table UY.World Bank.WDI: Balance of Payments: Capital and Financial Account. Foreign direct investment are the net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows total net FDI. In BPM6, financial account balances are calculated as the change in assets minus the change in liabilities. Net FDI outflows are assets and net FDI inflows are liabilities. Data are in current U.S. dollars.; ; International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.; ; Note: Data are based on the sixth edition of the IMF's Balance of Payments Manual (BPM6) and are only available from 2005 onwards. In BPM6, the headings of the financial account have been changed from credits and debits to net acquisition of financial assets and net incurrence of liabilities; i.e., all changes due to credit and debit entries are recorded on a net basis separately for financial assets and liabilities. Financial account balances are calculated as the change in assets minus the change in liabilities; signs are reversed from previous editions.

This report summarizes the findings of the Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP) Update for South Korea undertaken in April 2013 by a joint IMF-World Bank team. This first mission assessed the observance of selected international standards and codes, and initiated discussions on a broad range of financial sector stability issues. In the case of each of the sector assessments new methodologies adopted since the global financial crisis were employed. A second mission in July 2013 completed its review, documented its assessment in a draft Aide-Memoire, and reviewed with the authorities the Aide-Memoire as well as draft technical notes covering a range of topics. The objectives of the FSAP were to review developments in the financial sector since the initial 2003 FSAP and in light of the lessons from the global financial crisis, assess and formulate recommendations related to financial stability and the financial sector oversight framework. This report presents main findings and recommendations.

The Economic Indicator Service (EIS) aims to deliver economic content to financial institutions on both buy and sell-side and service providers. This new service currently covers 34,351 recurring macro-economic indicators from 135 countries ( as of December 16, 2019 ) such as GDP data, unemployment releases, PMI numbers etc.

Economic Indicator Service gathers the major economic events from a variety of regions and countries around the globe and provides an Economic Events Data feed and Economic Calendar service to our clients. This service includes all previous historic data on economic indicators that are currently available on the database.

Depending on availability, information regarding economic indicators, including the details of the issuing agency as well as historical data series can be made accessible for the client. Key information about EIS: • Cloud-based service for Live Calendar – delivered via HTML/JavaScript application formats, which can then be embedded onto any website using iFrames • Alternatives methods available – such as API and JSON feed for the economic calendar that can be integrated into the company’s system • Live data – updated 24/5, immediately after the data has been released • Historical data – includes a feed of all previous economic indicators available We are currently adding additional indicators/countries from Africa as well as expanding our coverage of Indicators in G20. The calendar includes the following. • Recurring & Non-recurring indicators covering 136 countries across 21 regions. • Indicators showing high, medium, and low impact data. • Indicators showing actual, previous, and forecast data. • Indicators can be filtered across 16 subtypes. • News generation for selected high-impact data. • Indicator description and historical data up to the latest eight historical points with a chart.

FRTB Internal Models Approach Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the global FRTB Internal Models Approach market size reached USD 1.86 billion in 2024, demonstrating the rapid adoption of advanced risk management frameworks in the financial sector. The market is projected to expand at a CAGR of 9.7% from 2025 to 2033, ultimately achieving a value of USD 4.33 billion by 2033. This robust growth is primarily driven by increasing regulatory pressure for capital adequacy, the need for sophisticated risk quantification, and the widespread digital transformation within financial institutions.

The dominant growth factor in the FRTB Internal Models Approach market is the global regulatory shift toward more stringent risk management standards. The Fundamental Review of the Trading Book (FRTB) mandates, as set forth by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, are compelling banks and financial institutions to overhaul their risk assessment methodologies. This regulatory compulsion is fostering significant investments in advanced risk modeling software and services, as institutions strive to achieve compliance while optimizing capital allocation. The growing complexity of global financial instruments and the need for real-time risk analysis are further fueling demand for robust FRTB Internal Models Approach solutions, ensuring that market participants can accurately capture and manage market, credit, and operational risks.

Technological advancement is another critical driver propelling the FRTB Internal Models Approach market forward. The proliferation of big data analytics, machine learning, and artificial intelligence is enabling more granular and dynamic risk modeling. These technologies facilitate the processing of vast volumes of market data, allowing for more precise risk factor identification and scenario analysis. Financial institutions are increasingly leveraging cloud-based platforms and integrated risk management suites to enhance scalability, reduce operational costs, and improve compliance efficiency. The integration of advanced analytics not only improves the accuracy of risk models but also accelerates the implementation of FRTB frameworks, making it easier for organizations to adapt to evolving regulatory requirements.

The rising demand for comprehensive risk management in emerging markets also contributes to the market’s expansion. As financial ecosystems in Asia Pacific, Latin America, and the Middle East mature, there is a heightened focus on the adoption of international risk management standards. Local banks and asset management firms are investing in FRTB Internal Models Approach solutions to bolster their competitiveness and attract global capital. This trend is further amplified by the increasing participation of non-bank financial institutions and asset managers, who are seeking to demonstrate robust risk management practices to regulators and investors alike. The convergence of regulatory compliance, technological innovation, and market globalization is creating a fertile landscape for sustained growth in the FRTB Internal Models Approach market.

Regionally, North America and Europe remain at the forefront of FRTB Internal Models Approach adoption, owing to their mature regulatory environments and advanced financial markets. However, Asia Pacific is rapidly closing the gap, with major economies such as China, Japan, and Singapore making significant investments in risk management infrastructure. The Middle East and Latin America are also witnessing increased uptake, driven by regulatory harmonization and growing cross-border financial activity. The global distribution of market demand reflects a broadening recognition of the importance of robust risk management, with regional dynamics shaped by local regulatory frameworks and the pace of financial sector modernization.

Component Analysis

The FRTB Internal Models Approach market is segmented by component into software and services, each playing a pivotal role in the overall ecosystem. Software solut

China Flow of Funds: Financial Institution: Use: Capital Transfer: Other data was reported at 0.000 RMB bn in 2012. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 RMB bn for 2011. China Flow of Funds: Financial Institution: Use: Capital Transfer: Other data is updated yearly, averaging 0.000 RMB bn from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2012, with 21 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 RMB bn in 2012 and a record low of 0.000 RMB bn in 2012. China Flow of Funds: Financial Institution: Use: Capital Transfer: Other data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s National Accounts – Table CN.AD: Flow of Funds Accounts: Physical Transaction: Financial Institution.

Hong Kong HK: BOP: Financial Account: Foreign Direct Investment: Net Inflows data was reported at 122.401 USD bn in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 133.259 USD bn for 2016. Hong Kong HK: BOP: Financial Account: Foreign Direct Investment: Net Inflows data is updated yearly, averaging 64.578 USD bn from Dec 1998 (Median) to 2017, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 181.047 USD bn in 2015 and a record low of 6.748 USD bn in 2002. Hong Kong HK: BOP: Financial Account: Foreign Direct Investment: Net Inflows data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Hong Kong SAR – Table HK.World Bank.WDI: Balance of Payments: Capital and Financial Account. Foreign direct investment refers to direct investment equity flows in the reporting economy. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, and other capital. Direct investment is a category of cross-border investment associated with a resident in one economy having control or a significant degree of influence on the management of an enterprise that is resident in another economy. Ownership of 10 percent or more of the ordinary shares of voting stock is the criterion for determining the existence of a direct investment relationship. Data are in current U.S. dollars.; ; International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments database, supplemented by data from the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development and official national sources.; Sum; Note: Data starting from 2005 are based on the sixth edition of the IMF's Balance of Payments Manual (BPM6).

Germany DE: BOP: Reserves and Related Items data was reported at 949.103 USD mn in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 4.745 USD bn for 2022. Germany DE: BOP: Reserves and Related Items data is updated yearly, averaging 455.229 USD mn from Dec 1971 (Median) to 2023, with 53 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 37.470 USD bn in 2021 and a record low of -15.596 USD bn in 1988. Germany DE: BOP: Reserves and Related Items data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.World Bank.WDI: Balance of Payments: Capital and Financial Account. Reserves and related items is the net change in a country's holdings of international reserves resulting from transactions on the current, capital, and financial accounts. Reserve assets are those external assets that are readily available to and controlled by monetary authorities for meeting balance of payments financing needs, and include holdings of monetary gold, special drawing rights (SDRs), reserve position in the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and other reserve assets. Also included are net credit and loans from the IMF (excluding reserve position) and total exceptional financing. Data are in current U.S. dollars.;International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.;;Note: Data are based on the sixth edition of the IMF's Balance of Payments Manual (BPM6) and are only available from 2005 onwards. In BPM6, the headings of the financial account have been changed from credits and debits to net acquisition of financial assets and net incurrence of liabilities; i.e., all changes due to credit and debit entries are recorded on a net basis separately for financial assets and liabilities. Financial account balances are calculated as the change in assets minus the change in liabilities; signs are reversed from previous editions.