In 2024, the total population of Finland amounted to roughly 5.6 million. The largest age groups were 20 to 39 year-olds (1.41 million), and 40 to 59 year-olds (1.40 million), which made up over half of the population. While the number of individuals belonging to the younger age groups declined over the period from 2020 to 2024, the age group of 60 years and older continued to increase. By the end of 2024, number of people aged 60 or older was almost 1.7 million. The growing number of individuals aged 60 or older reflects the change towards an older population structure of the country.

As of 2024, the total population of Finland was approximately 5.64 million inhabitants. In the period from 1915 to 2024, the population of Finland steadily increased, but showed a slowing trend in recent years. In 1950, the total population was around four million, and it took until 1990 to reach the 5 million mark.

The total population in Finland was estimated at 5.6 million people in 2024, according to the latest census figures and projections from Trading Economics. This dataset provides - Finland Population - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

As of 2023, roughly 5.03 million out of Finland's total population of 5.6 million were of Finnish origin. After Finnish and European origins, the largest inhabitant groups in Finland were of Asian and African origin.

FI: Population: Male: Ages 60-64: % of Male Population data was reported at 6.500 % in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 6.607 % for 2016. FI: Population: Male: Ages 60-64: % of Male Population data is updated yearly, averaging 4.630 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2017, with 58 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7.560 % in 2011 and a record low of 3.490 % in 1960. FI: Population: Male: Ages 60-64: % of Male Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Finland – Table FI.World Bank: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Male population between the ages 60 to 64 as a percentage of the total male population.; ; World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2017 Revision.; ;

Demographics data Finland 2022 at municipality level - 40+ attributes, including main language, country of birth, and more

As of 2024, roughly 5.01 million out of Finland's total population of 5.64 million were of Finnish origin. The majority of non-Finnish inhabitants were immigrants from Europe including Cyprus and Turkey. Around 305,300 inhabitants were of European origin, followed by 212,481 inhabitants of Asian origin.

Finland FI: Population: Male: Ages 20-24: % of Male Population data was reported at 6.337 % in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 6.482 % for 2016. Finland FI: Population: Male: Ages 20-24: % of Male Population data is updated yearly, averaging 7.451 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2017, with 58 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 10.462 % in 1971 and a record low of 6.215 % in 1996. Finland FI: Population: Male: Ages 20-24: % of Male Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Finland – Table FI.World Bank: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Male population between the ages 20 to 24 as a percentage of the total male population.; ; World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2017 Revision.; ;

Finland Population: Up to 4 Years data was reported at 278,510.000 Person in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 287,537.000 Person for 2016. Finland Population: Up to 4 Years data is updated yearly, averaging 327,400.000 Person from Dec 1865 (Median) to 2017, with 153 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 502,668.000 Person in 1950 and a record low of 223,358.000 Person in 1870. Finland Population: Up to 4 Years data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistics Finland. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Finland – Table FI.G001: Population: by Gender and Age Group.

As of 2024, approximately 4.74 million inhabitants in Finland were Finnish-speaking. While the majority of the population have Finnish as their first language, around 285,400 people spoke Swedish as their first language, and 2,077 people were Sami-speaking. In 2024, the number of people speaking other languages increased to over 610,100.

Graph and download economic data for Infra-Annual Labor Statistics: Working-Age Population Total: From 15 to 64 Years for Finland (LFWA64TTFIQ647S) from Q1 1998 to Q4 2024 about Finland, working-age, 15 to 64 years, and population.

Finland FI: Population: Female: Ages 25-29: % of Female Population data was reported at 6.055 % in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 5.971 % for 2016. Finland FI: Population: Female: Ages 25-29: % of Female Population data is updated yearly, averaging 6.248 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2017, with 58 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 9.053 % in 1976 and a record low of 5.618 % in 2001. Finland FI: Population: Female: Ages 25-29: % of Female Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Finland – Table FI.World Bank: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Female population between the ages 25 to 29 as a percentage of the total female population.; ; World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2017 Revision.; ;

The total population of Finland amounted to approximately 5.60 million inhabitants in 2023. Slightly more than half of the population in Finland, roughly 2.8 million, were women, compared to around 2.77 million men. The population of Finland has been steadily increasing, but showed a slowing trend in recent years. Fertility rate dropped to an all-time low in Finland The slowing increase in the Finnish population can be seen in the country’s decreasing fertility rate, which dropped to an all-time low in 2019. The estimated number of children born to a woman amounted to 1.35 in 2019, whereas in 2010 this was 1.87. The number of elders in Finland exceeded the number of 0-to-19-year-olds Another factor slowing down the population growth is the aging population of the country. The number of people aged 60 years and older has been increasing in recent years, amounting to over 1.6 million in 2023. In 2018, the elderly population in Finland exceeded that of children and teenagers.

Finland FI: Population: Total data was reported at 5,511,303.000 Person in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 5,495,303.000 Person for 2016. Finland FI: Population: Total data is updated yearly, averaging 4,955,426.000 Person from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2017, with 58 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5,511,303.000 Person in 2017 and a record low of 4,429,634.000 Person in 1960. Finland FI: Population: Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Finland – Table FI.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Total population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship. The values shown are midyear estimates.; ; (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2017 Revision. (2) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (4) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Reprot (various years), (5) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database, and (6) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme.; Sum; Relevance to gender indicator: disaggregating the population composition by gender will help a country in projecting its demand for social services on a gender basis.

Finland FI: Population: Growth data was reported at 0.291 % in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.287 % for 2016. Finland FI: Population: Growth data is updated yearly, averaging 0.399 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2017, with 58 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.781 % in 1960 and a record low of -0.379 % in 1970. Finland FI: Population: Growth data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Finland – Table FI.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Annual population growth rate for year t is the exponential rate of growth of midyear population from year t-1 to t, expressed as a percentage . Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.; ; Derived from total population. Population source: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2017 Revision, (2) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (4) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Reprot (various years), (5) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database, and (6) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme.; Weighted average;

Related article: Bergroth, C., Järv, O., Tenkanen, H., Manninen, M., Toivonen, T., 2022. A 24-hour population distribution dataset based on mobile phone data from Helsinki Metropolitan Area, Finland. Scientific Data 9, 39.

In this dataset:

We present temporally dynamic population distribution data from the Helsinki Metropolitan Area, Finland, at the level of 250 m by 250 m statistical grid cells. Three hourly population distribution datasets are provided for regular workdays (Mon – Thu), Saturdays and Sundays. The data are based on aggregated mobile phone data collected by the biggest mobile network operator in Finland. Mobile phone data are assigned to statistical grid cells using an advanced dasymetric interpolation method based on ancillary data about land cover, buildings and a time use survey. The data were validated by comparing population register data from Statistics Finland for night-time hours and a daytime workplace registry. The resulting 24-hour population data can be used to reveal the temporal dynamics of the city and examine population variations relevant to for instance spatial accessibility analyses, crisis management and planning.

Please cite this dataset as:

Bergroth, C., Järv, O., Tenkanen, H., Manninen, M., Toivonen, T., 2022. A 24-hour population distribution dataset based on mobile phone data from Helsinki Metropolitan Area, Finland. Scientific Data 9, 39. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-021-01113-4

Organization of data

The dataset is packaged into a single Zipfile Helsinki_dynpop_matrix.zip which contains following files:

HMA_Dynamic_population_24H_workdays.csv represents the dynamic population for average workday in the study area.

HMA_Dynamic_population_24H_sat.csv represents the dynamic population for average saturday in the study area.

HMA_Dynamic_population_24H_sun.csv represents the dynamic population for average sunday in the study area.

target_zones_grid250m_EPSG3067.geojson represents the statistical grid in ETRS89/ETRS-TM35FIN projection that can be used to visualize the data on a map using e.g. QGIS.

Column names

YKR_ID : a unique identifier for each statistical grid cell (n=13,231). The identifier is compatible with the statistical YKR grid cell data by Statistics Finland and Finnish Environment Institute.

H0, H1 ... H23 : Each field represents the proportional distribution of the total population in the study area between grid cells during a one-hour period. In total, 24 fields are formatted as “Hx”, where x stands for the hour of the day (values ranging from 0-23). For example, H0 stands for the first hour of the day: 00:00 - 00:59. The sum of all cell values for each field equals to 100 (i.e. 100% of total population for each one-hour period)

In order to visualize the data on a map, the result tables can be joined with the target_zones_grid250m_EPSG3067.geojson data. The data can be joined by using the field YKR_ID as a common key between the datasets.

License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International.

Related datasets

Järv, Olle; Tenkanen, Henrikki & Toivonen, Tuuli. (2017). Multi-temporal function-based dasymetric interpolation tool for mobile phone data. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.252612

Tenkanen, Henrikki, & Toivonen, Tuuli. (2019). Helsinki Region Travel Time Matrix [Data set]. Zenodo. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3247564

Finland FI: Birth Rate: Crude: per 1000 People data was reported at 9.600 Ratio in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 10.100 Ratio for 2015. Finland FI: Birth Rate: Crude: per 1000 People data is updated yearly, averaging 12.800 Ratio from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2016, with 57 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 18.500 Ratio in 1960 and a record low of 9.600 Ratio in 2016. Finland FI: Birth Rate: Crude: per 1000 People data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Finland – Table FI.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Crude birth rate indicates the number of live births occurring during the year, per 1,000 population estimated at midyear. Subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate provides the rate of natural increase, which is equal to the rate of population change in the absence of migration.; ; (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2017 Revision. (2) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (4) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Reprot (various years), (5) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database, and (6) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme.; Weighted average;

Graph and download economic data for Infra-Annual Labor Statistics: Working-Age Population Male: From 55 to 64 Years for Finland (LFWA55MAFIA647S) from 1998 to 2024 about 55 to 64 years, Finland, working-age, males, and population.

In 2024, the population density of Finland was 18.5 inhabitants per square kilometer. The most densely populated region was Uusimaa with approximately 195.7 inhabitants per square kilometer. Lapland was the most scarcely populated region with roughly two inhabitants per square kilometer.

SP.POP.AG23.FE.IN. Age population, female refers to female population at the specified age level. The geographical areas included in the data are the same as the data source. This database presents population and other demographic estimates and projections from 1960 to 2050, covering more than 200 economies. It includes population data by various age groups, sex, urban/rural; fertility data; mortality data; and migration data.