Number of persons in the labour force (employment and unemployment) and not in the labour force, unemployment rate, participation rate and employment rate by Atlantic region, Central provinces, Western provinces, Indigenous population (First Nations or Métis) and Non-Indigenous population, sex, and age group, last 5 years.

This statistic shows the number of Aboriginal peoples in Canada in 2021, by identity and sex. There were 541,890 female First Nations people in Canada in 2021.

The Indigenous Populations of Canada map is derived from the CanEcumene 2.0 Geodatabase using custom tabulations of census-based population data. Indigenous communities within the level of the census sub-division (CSD) were identified using a combination of sources from census field data (see Eddy et. al. 2020 for more details). This map shows the percent of Indigenous population in CanEcumene 2.0 communities using graduated symbols, overlaid upon a population density raster. The larger the symbol, the higher the percentage of Indigenous population in that area. The darker the colour in the underlying raster, the denser is the general population. This map illustrates how the majority of Indigenous populations reside in locations outside of the denser populated areas of Canada.

Indigenous identity by gender and age for the population in private households which includes counts, percentage distribution and percentage change from the 2016 and 2021 censuses.

This statistic shows the number of Aboriginal peoples in Canada in 2016, by province or territory. There were 236,680 Aboriginal people in Ontario, Canada in 2016.

Religion by Indigenous identity, age and gender for the population in private households.

In 2021, Canada's Indigenous populations (First Nations or Métis) had an average total income of ****** Canadian dollars, ***** dollars less than non-Indigenous populations. This gap in average income has fluctuated since 2012, but remains relatively stable overall. The year in which it was the smallest was 2016, when non-indigenous populations earned ***** dollars more than indigenous populations. The most unequal year in terms of average total income was 2015.

This statistic shows the number of Aboriginal peoples in Canada in 2011, by age. There were 261,935 Aboriginal people aged nine and younger in Canada in 2011.

This dataset presents information on life expectancy at birth by First Nations status.

Data quality:Hamilton, City (C)Total non-response (TNR) rate, short-form census questionnaire: 2.5%Total non-response (TNR) rate, long-form census questionnaire: 3.5%Notes: 44: Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain reserves and settlements in the Census of Population.For more information on Indigenous variables including information on their classifications the questions from which they are derived data quality and their comparability with other sources of data please refer to the Indigenous Peoples Reference Guide Census of Population 2021 and the Indigenous Peoples Technical Report Census of Population 2021. 45: This category includes persons who identify as First Nations (North American Indian) Métis and/or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who report being Registered or Treaty Indians (that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who report having membership in a First Nation or Indian band. 46: This category includes persons who identify as only one Indigenous group that is First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuk (Inuit). 47: This category includes persons who identify as any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian) Métis and/or Inuk (Inuit). 48: This category includes persons who do not identify as First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who report having Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band. 49: Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians. 68: 'Indigenous ancestry' refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Indigenous peoples of Canada that is First Nations (North American Indian) Métis and/or Inuit. Aboriginal peoples (referred to here as Indigenous peoples) of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act 1982 Section 35 (2) as including the Indian Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. The term 'Aboriginal' has been replaced with the updated term of 'Indigenous' when referring to individuals who identify themselves as First Nations people Métis and/or Inuit. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain reserves and settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Indigenous variables including information on their classifications the questions from which they are derived data quality and their comparability with other sources of data please refer to the Indigenous Peoples Reference Guide Census of Population 2021 and the Indigenous Peoples Technical Report Census of Population 2021. 69: 'Indigenous ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian) Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Indigenous ancestry. 70: 'Single Indigenous ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Indigenous ancestry. 71: 'Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian) Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Indigenous ancestry. 72: 'Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian) Métis and/or Inuit ancestry as well as non-Indigenous ancestry. 73: 'Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuit ancestry as well as non-Indigenous ancestry. 74: 'Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian) Métis and Inuit ancestries as well as non-Indigenous ancestry. 75: 'Non-Indigenous ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Indigenous ancestry only.

Using mortality rates from 2006 to 2016, it was found that First Nations people living on reservations are over 14 times more likely to die by assault than the non-Indigenous population living in Canada, whereas the risk for First Nations living off-reserve was nearly 7 times higher than for non-Indigenous persons. This statistic shows the mortality rate ratios among First Nations on- and off-reservation compared to the non-Indigenous population in Canada from 2006 to 2016, by cause of death.

The projected population of the Indigenous population by projection scenario.

Within the context of the Canadian Census, defining Indigenous peoples has been an evolving process. This guide was created in an attempt to navigate this definition. The terms “Indian,” “Indian territory,” “Native” etc. were utilized to discover how the Department of Agriculture defined Indigenous peoples and land. All of the censuses have been linked to the original document, though the digital copy located on archive.org.

Canada's Indigenous populations (First Nations or Métis) had a median total income of ****** Canadian dollars, ***** dollars less than non-Indigenous populations in 2021. This gap in median income has fluctuated since 2012. The year in which it was the smallest was 2021, and the most unequal year in terms of median total income was 2015, with a gap of ****** Canadian dollars.

In Canada, from 2006 to 2016, the mortality rate from heart disease reached 92.5 per 100,000 person years at risk among First Nations living on reservations, compared to around 66 per 100,000 person years at risk for both Frist Nations living off-reserve and non-Indigenous peoples. This statistic shows mortality rates among First Nations living on- and off-reserve and non-Indigenous in Canada from 2006 to 2016, by cause of death.

In 2020, there were 1,021,356 registered Indians in Canada. Between 2000 and 2020, the number of registered Indians in Canada experienced an increase, going from some 670 thousand to over one million.

Registered Indians Registered Indians in Canada are all First Nations people who are, as the name suggests, registered as an officially recognized Indian by the Canadian government. No Inuit or Métis is a Registered Indian under Canadian law, leaving only certain First Nations peoples as qualifiers. The word “Indian” is a legal term in this case and has otherwise fallen out of favor. It has been replaced by First Nations, a term used to describe all Canadian aboriginal people who are neither Métis nor Inuit.

Registered Indian status affords benefits and rights not granted to non-Registered Indians including access to reserves and self-governance within them, exemption of federal and provincial taxes to those living on reserve, and postsecondary education financial assistance. The Indian Act of 1951 established the current Indian Register and was revised in 1985 to include people that had been wrongly excluded by the original law.

The number of Registered Indians has grown significantly since 2000 and currently the largest population resides in Ontario, which also has the largest overall population of aboriginal peoples in Canada. British Columbia is home to the largest number of Indian bands, at 199 in 2020.

Educational attainment in the population aged 25 to 64, off-reserve Indigenous, non-Indigenous and total population, Canada and jurisdictions. This table is included in Section D: Postsecondary education: Educational attainment of the population aged 25 to 64 of the Pan Canadian Education Indicators Program (PCEIP). PCEIP draws from a wide variety of data sources to provide information on the school-age population, elementary, secondary and postsecondary education, transitions, and labour market outcomes. The program presents indicators for all of Canada, the provinces, the territories, as well as selected international comparisons and comparisons over time. PCEIP is an ongoing initiative of the Canadian Education Statistics Council, a partnership between Statistics Canada and the Council of Ministers of Education, Canada that provides a set of statistical measures on education systems in Canada.

Income statistics by Indigenous identity, Registered or Treaty Indian status, residence by Indigenous geography, age and gender for the population aged 15 years and over in private households.

The Data Tables are a series of cross-tabulations presents a portrait of Canada based on the various census topics. They range in complexity and are available for various levels of geography. The topic of this dataset is Indigenous Peoples.

This service shows the percentage of the population who reported an Aboriginal identity by census subdivision. The data is from the Census Profile, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information refer to the 2016 Census Dictionary for 'Aboriginal identity'. To have a cartographic representation of the ecumene with this socio-economic indicator, it is recommended to add as the first layer, the “NRCan - 2016 population ecumene by census subdivision” web service, accessible in the data resources section below.