Purpose: This is an ArcGIS Pro template that GIS Specialists can use to identify vulnerable populations and special needs infrastructure most at risk to flooding events.How does it work?Determine and understand the Place Vulnerability (based on Cutter et al. 1997) and the Special Needs Infrastructure for an area of interest based on Special Flood Hazard Zones, Social Vulnerability Index, and the distribution of its Population and Housing units. The final product will be charts of the data distribution and a Hosted Feature Layer. See this Story Map example for a more detailed explanation.This uses the FEMA National Flood Hazard Layer as an input (although you can substitute your own flood hazard data), check availability for your County before beginning the Task: FEMA NFHL ViewerThe solution consists of several tasks that allow you to:Select an area of interest for your Place Vulnerability Analysis. Select a Hazard that may occur within your area of interest.Select the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) features contained within your area of interest using the CDC’s Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) – 2016 overall SVI layer at the census tract level in the map.Determine and understand the Social Vulnerability Index for the hazard zones identified within you area of interest.Identify the Special Needs Infrastructure features located within the hazard zones identified within you area of interest.Share your data to ArcGIS Online as a Hosted Feature Layer.FIRST STEPS:Create a folder C:\GIS\ if you do not already have this folder created. (This is a suggested step as the ArcGIS Pro Tasks does not appear to keep relative paths)Download the ZIP file.Extract the ZIP file and save it to the C:\GIS\ location on your computer. Open the PlaceVulnerabilityAnalysis.aprx file.Once the Project file (.aprx) opens, we suggest the following setup to easily view the Tasks instructions, the Map and its Contents, and the Databases (.gdb) from the Catalog pane.The following public web map is included as a Template in the ArcGIS Pro solution file: Place Vulnerability Template Web MapNote 1:As this is a beta version, please take note of some pain points:Data input and output locations may need to be manually populated from the related workspaces (.gdb) or the tools may fail to run. Make sure to unzip/extract the file to the C:\GIS\ location on your computer to avoid issues.Switching from one step to the next may not be totally seamless yet.If you are experiencing any issues with the Flood Hazard Zones service provided, or if the data is not available for your area of interest, you can also download your Flood Hazard Zones data from the FEMA Flood Map Service Center. In the search, use the FEMA ID. Once downloaded, save the data in your project folder and use it as an input.Note 2:In this task, the default hazard being used are the National Flood Hazard Zones. If you would like to use a different hazard, you will need to add the new hazard layer to the map and update all query expressions accordingly.For questions, bug reports, or new requirements contact pdoherty@publicsafetygis.org

The global flood damage assessment market, currently valued at $347 million in 2025, is projected to experience steady growth, driven by increasing frequency and severity of flood events worldwide, coupled with advancements in remote sensing technologies and data analytics. The Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 1.8% over the forecast period (2025-2033) indicates a consistent, albeit moderate, expansion. Key drivers include the rising demand for accurate and timely flood risk assessments for insurance purposes, urban planning, and infrastructure development. Governments and private sectors are increasingly investing in sophisticated technologies like LiDAR, satellite imagery, and AI-powered analytics to improve the speed and accuracy of damage assessments, streamlining disaster response and recovery efforts. While data limitations currently present a challenge, the market is expected to see further penetration of innovative solutions that integrate various data sources for comprehensive analysis. The competitive landscape is relatively fragmented, with established players like ESRI and emerging companies like Synspective vying for market share. This presents opportunities for technological advancements and strategic partnerships to improve overall market penetration. The market segmentation, while not explicitly provided, can be reasonably inferred. Key segments likely include software solutions (providing analytical tools and platforms), services (including consulting and assessment services), and hardware (sensors and data acquisition systems). Geographic segmentation will undoubtedly reflect varying levels of flood risk and investment in mitigation strategies across regions. North America and Europe are expected to dominate initially, given their advanced technological infrastructure and high insurance penetration. However, Asia-Pacific, with its high population density and vulnerability to flooding, is expected to witness significant growth in the coming years. Continued technological innovation, particularly in AI-driven analytics and the integration of IoT devices, is crucial for accelerating market expansion and driving down assessment costs, making flood damage assessment more accessible globally.

[Metadata] Tropical storms, hurricanes, and tsunamis create waves that flood low-lying coastal areas. The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) produces flood insurance rate maps (FIRMs) that depict flood risk zones referred to as Special Flood Hazard Areas (SFHA) based modeling 1%-annual-chance flood event also referred to as a 100-year flood. The purpose of the FIRM is twofold: (1) to provide the basis for application of regulatory standards and (2) to provide the basis for insurance rating.SFHAs identify areas at risk from infrequent but severe storm-induced wave events and riverine flood events that are based upon historical record. By law (44 Code of Federal Regulations [CFR] 60.3), FEMA can only map flood risk that will be utilized for land use regulation or insurance rating based on historical data, therefore, future conditions with sea level rise and other impacts of climate change are not considered in FIRMs. It is important to note that FEMA can produce Flood Insurance Rate Maps that include future condition floodplains, but these would be considered “awareness” zones and not to be used for regulatory of insurance rating purposes.The State of Hawai‘i 2018 Hazard Mitigation Plan incorporated the results of modeling and an assessment of vulnerability to coastal flooding from storm-induced wave events with sea level rise (Tetra Tech Inc., 2018). The 1% annual-chance-coastal flood zone with sea level rise (1%CFZ) was modeled to estimate coastal flood extents and wave heights for wave-generating events with sea level rise. Modeling was conducted by Sobis Inc. under State of Hawaiʻi Department of Land and Natural Resources Contract No: 64064. The 1%CFZ with 3.2 feet of sea level rise was utilized to assess vulnerability to coastal event-based flooding in mid to - late century.The 1%CFZ with sea level rise would greatly expand the impacts from a 100-year flood event meaning that more coastal land area will be exposed to damaging waves. For example, over 120 critical infrastructure facilities in the City and County of Honolulu, including water, waste, and wastewater systems and communication and energy facilities would be impacted in the 1%CFZ with 3.2 feet of sea level rise (Tetra Tech Inc., 2018). This is double the number of facilities in the SFHA which includes the impacts of riverine flooding.A simplified version of the Wave Height Analysis for Flood Insurance Studies (WHAFIS) extension (FEMA, 2019b) included in Hazus-MH, was used to create the 1% annual chance coastal floodplain. Hazus is a nationally applicable standardized methodology that contains models for estimating potential losses from earthquakes, floods, tsunamis, and hurricanes (FEMA, 2019a). The current 1%-annual-chance stillwater elevations were collected using the most current flood insurance studies (FIS) for each island conducted by FEMA (FEMA, 2004, 2010, 2014, 2015). The FIS calculates the 1%-annual-chance stillwater elevation, wave setup, and wave run-up (called maximum wave crest) at regularly-spaced transects around the islands based on historical data. Modeling for the 1%CFZ used the NOAA 3-meter digital elevation model (DEM) which incorporates LiDAR data sets collected between 2003 and 2007 from NOAA, FEMA, the State of Hawaiʻi Emergency Management Agency, and the USACE (NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 2017).Before Hazus was run for future conditions, it was run for the current conditions and compared to the FEMA regulatory floodplain to determine model accuracy. This also helped determine the stillwater elevation for the large gaps between some transects in the FIS. Hazus was run at 0.5-foot stillwater level intervals and the results were compared to the existing Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM). The interval of 0.5-feet was chosen as a small enough step to result in a near approximation of the FIRM while not being too impractically narrow to require the testing of dozens of input elevations. The elevation which matched up best was used as the current base flood elevation.Key steps in modeling the projected 1%CFZ with sea level rise include: (1) generating a contiguous (no gaps along the shoreline) and present-day 1%-annual-chance stillwater elevation based on the most recent FIS, (2) elevating the present-day 1%-annual-chance stillwater elevation by adding projected sea level rise heights, and (3) modeling the projected 1%-annual-chance coastal flood with sea level rise in HAZUS using the 1%-annual-chance wave setup and run-up from the FIS. The 1%CFZ extent and depth was generated using the HAZUS 3.2 coastal flood risk assessment model, 3-meter DEM, the FIS for each island, and the IPCC AR5 upper sea level projection for RCP 8.5 scenario for 0.6 feet, 1.0 feet, 2.0 feet, and 3.2 feet of sea level rise above MHHW (IPCC, 2014). The HAZUS output includes the estimated spatial extent of coastal flooding as well as an estimated flood depth map grid for the four sea level rise projections.Using the current floodplain generated with Hazus, the projected 1%-annual-chance stillwater elevation was generated using the four sea level rise projections. This stillwater elevation with sea level rise was used as a basis for modeling. The projected 1%-annual coastal flood with sea level rise was modeled in Hazus using the current 1%-annual-chance wave setup and run-up from the FIS and the projected 1%-annual-chance stillwater elevation with sea level rise. Statewide GIS Program staff extracted individual island layers for ease of downloading. A statewide layer is also available as a REST service, and is available for download from the Statewide GIS geoportal at https://geoportal.hawaii.gov/, or at the Program's legacy download site at https://planning.hawaii.gov/gis/download-gis-data-expanded/#009. For additional information, please refer to summary metadata at https://files.hawaii.gov/dbedt/op/gis/data/coastal_flood_zones_summary.pdf or contact Hawaii Statewide GIS Program, Office of Planning and Sustainable Development, State of Hawaii; PO Box 2359, Honolulu, Hi. 96804; (808) 587-2846; email: gis@hawaii.gov.

Flood extent polygons representing active floods (last three days) throughout Canada as monitored by Natural Resources Canada using satellite imagery for emergency response. In response to large flood events, Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), for the provision of emergency geomatics services, may be activated by Canada’s emergency management protocols. As new satellite imagery becomes available, NRCan will extract flood extent polygons and update the dataset in near real time (4 hours). This item contains the latest flood products generated in the past three days. For any data older than 72 hours, please refer to the Floods in Canada - Current Year entry. For this reason note that the web mapping service may not display data if flood polygons have not been published by the EGS in the past three days.The flood products generated are validated on a best effort basis. Various factors may affect the quality of the flood polygons. These factors include, but are not limited to, sensor type, image resolution, cloud cover or limitations of the flood polygon extraction method. In this layer, where possible, a symbology is applied to the flood polygons based on the underlying land use classification, or is simply unclassified and shows the raw flood extent. When using Web mapping services, to display a specific product, filter by date (UTC Date) and area of interest (AOI). Also, a link to download each product directly from the FTP site is available in the Resources section. This prepackaged and compressed product contains a Shape file, a PDF file and a KMZ file.Disclaimer: Emergency response authorities are the primary users of these satellite-derived open water flood extent map products. These products are generated to provide analysis and emergency response situational awareness and to facilitate decision-making during major flood events. The open water flood extent products are generated rapidly and limited time is available for editing and validation. The flood products reflect the open water flood conditions at the date/time of acquisition. While efforts are made to produce high quality products, near-real time products may contain errors due to the limited time available for vector editing and validation. Please note that current algorithms do not map flooded areas under the forest canopy and are not optimized for urban flood mapping. Limitation of Liability: Accordingly, the information contained on this website is provided on an “as is” basis and Natural Resources Canada makes no representations or warranties respecting the information, either expressed or implied, arising by law or otherwise, including but not limited to, effectiveness, completeness, accuracy or fitness for a particular purpose. Natural Resources Canada does not assume any liability in respect of any damage or loss based on the use of this website. In no event shall Natural Resources Canada be liable in any way for any direct, indirect, special, incidental, consequential, or other damages based on any use of this website or any other website to which this site is linked, including, without limitation, any lost profits or revenue or business interruption. Parent Collection:- Floods in Canada - Cartographic Product CollectionView Active Floods in Canada for more information, formats, contacts and metadata.

IMPORTANT NOTICE This item has moved to a new organization and entered Mature Support on February 3rd, 2025. This item is scheduled to be Retired and removed from ArcGIS Online on July 30th, 2025. We encourage you to switch to using the item on the new organization as soon as possible to avoid any disruptions within your workflows. If you have any questions, please feel free to leave a comment below or email our Living Atlas Curator (livingatlascurator@esri.ca) The new version of this item can be found here Flood maps are created by combining hydraulic model results with high-accuracy ground information. Field surveys and LiDAR remote sensing are used to collect river and floodplain elevations, channel cross section data, bridge and culvert information, and flood berm details. A hydrology assessment using recorded and historic flow measurements is typically used to estimate river flows for a wide range of possible open water floods with different chances of occurring each year. When appropriate, an ice jam frequency analysis is undertaken. All this information is used to build a hydraulic model of a river system, which is calibrated using highwater marks and aerial imagery from past floods to ensure that results for the different flood flows being mapped are reasonable. Flood inundation maps show areas at risk for different sized floods, including ice jam floods in some communities. These maps also identify areas that could be flooded if berms or other flood control structures fail and are typically used for emergency response planning and to inform local infrastructure design. Flood hazards have not been identified along all rivers or through all communities, and it is important to remember that risk exists in areas without provincial flood maps. Visit www.floodhazard.alberta.ca for more information about the Flood Hazard Identification Program. The website includes different sections for final flood studies and for draft flood studies. Flood maps can be viewed directly using the Flood Awareness Map Application at floods.alberta.ca. The Alberta Flood Mapping GIS dataset is updated when new information is available or existing information changes; therefore, the Government of Alberta assumes no responsibility for discrepancies at the time of use. Posted on 2020-12-22 to GeoDiscover Alberta by Alberta Environment and Parks.

When compared to 1997 FEMA Flood Zones, an analysis done by Broward County of the 2011 data from the Federal Emergency Management Agency showed that nearly a third of Broward County properties were in areas requiring flood insurance and more than half would no longer need it. A new analysis has been done in 2020 to compare the 2019 new preliminary flood zones. This data set is historical and not the most up-to-date. Please search for the 2019 Flood Zones for updated flood zone information.

IMPORTANT NOTICE This item has moved to a new organization and entered Mature Support on February 3rd, 2025. This item is scheduled to be Retired and removed from ArcGIS Online on July 30th, 2025. We encourage you to switch to using the item on the new organization as soon as possible to avoid any disruptions within your workflows. If you have any questions, please feel free to leave a comment below or email our Living Atlas Curator (livingatlascurator@esri.ca) The new version of this item can be found here Flood maps are created by combining hydraulic model results with high-accuracy ground information. Field surveys and LiDAR remote sensing are used to collect river and floodplain elevations, channel cross section data, bridge and culvert information, and flood berm details. A hydrology assessment using recorded and historic flow measurements is typically used to estimate river flows for a wide range of possible open water floods with different chances of occurring each year. When appropriate, an ice jam frequency analysis is undertaken. All this information is used to build a hydraulic model of a river system, which is calibrated using highwater marks and aerial imagery from past floods to ensure that results for the different flood flows being mapped are reasonable. Flood inundation maps show areas at risk for different sized floods, including ice jam floods in some communities. These maps also identify areas that could be flooded if berms or other flood control structures fail and are typically used for emergency response planning and to inform local infrastructure design. Flood hazards have not been identified along all rivers or through all communities, and it is important to remember that risk exists in areas without provincial flood maps. Visit www.floodhazard.alberta.ca for more information about the Flood Hazard Identification Program. The website includes different sections for final flood studies and for draft flood studies. Flood maps can be viewed directly using the Flood Awareness Map Application at floods.alberta.ca. The Alberta Flood Mapping GIS dataset is updated when new information is available or existing information changes; therefore, the Government of Alberta assumes no responsibility for discrepancies at the time of use. Posted on 2020-12-22 to GeoDiscover Alberta by Alberta Environment and Parks.

[Metadata] Flood Hazard Areas for the County of Kauai - downloaded from FEMA Flood Map Service Center, May 1, 2021. The National Flood Hazard Layer (NFHL) data incorporates all Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) databases published by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), and any Letters of Map Revision (LOMRs) that have been issued against those databases since their publication date. It is updated on a monthly basis. The FIRM Database is the digital, geospatial version of the flood hazard information shown on the published paper FIRMs. The FIRM Database depicts flood risk information and supporting data used to develop the risk data. The primary risk classifications used are the 1-percent-annual-chance flood event, the 0.2-percent-annual-chance flood event, and areas of minimal flood risk. The FIRM Database is derived from Flood Insurance Studies (FISs), previously published FIRMs, flood hazard analyses performed in support of the FISs and FIRMs, and new mapping data, where available. The FISs and FIRMs are published by FEMA. The NFHL is available as State or US Territory data sets. Each State or Territory data set consists of all FIRM Databases and corresponding LOMRs available on the publication date of the data set. The specification for the horizontal control of FIRM Databases is consistent with those required for mapping at a scale of 1:12,000. This file is georeferenced to the Earth's surface using the Geographic Coordinate System (GCS) and North American Datum of 1983. For additional information, please summary metadata https://files.hawaii.gov/dbedt/op/gis/data/s_fld_haz_ar_state.pdf or contact Hawaii Statewide GIS Program, Office of Planning and Sustainable Development, State of Hawaii; PO Box 2359, Honolulu, Hi. 96804; (808) 587-2846; email: gis@hawaii.gov; Website: https://planning.hawaii.gov/gis.

Area of potential coastal and riverine flooding in Boston under various sea level rise scenarios (9-inch in 2030s, 21-inch in 2050s, and 36-inch in 2070s) at high tide and in the event of storms with an annual exceedance probability (AEP) of 10 and 1 percent.Learn more about the projections from Climate Ready Boston’s Projections Consensus and data methodology in Climate Ready Boston’s Vulnerability Assessment. Source: Coastal flood hazard data created as part of Climate Ready Boston are a reanalysis of the coastal flood hazard data developed as part of the MassDOT-FHWA analysis. In 2015, MassDOT released an analysis of coastal flood hazards using state-of-the-art numerical models capable of simulating thousands of potential nor’easters and tropical storms coincident with a range of tide levels, riverine flow rates in the Charles and Mystic Rivers, and sea level rise conditions.Definitions:9-inch Sea Level Rise: By the end of the 2050s, 9 inches of sea level rise is expected consistently across emissions scenarios and is likely to occur as early as the 2030s. 9” Climate scenario and coastal/riverine hazard flooding data are the MassDOT-FHWA high sea level rise scenario for 2030. Actual sea level rise value is 0.62 feet above 2013 tide levels, with an additional 0.74 inches to account for subsidence.21-inch Sea Level Rise: In the second half of the century, 21 inches is expected across all emissions scenarios. 21” Data were interpolated from the MassDOT-FHWA 2030 and 2070/2100 data.36-inch Sea Level Rise: The highest sea level rise considered, 36 inches, is highly probable toward the end of the century. This scenario has a greater than 50 percent chance of occurring within this time period for the moderate emissions reduction and business-as-usual scenarios and a nearly 50 percent chance for the major emissions reduction scenario. 36” Climate scenario and coastal/riverine hazard fooding data are the MassDOT-FHWA high sea level rise scenario for 2070/intermediate sea level rise scenario for 2100. Actual sea level rise value is 3.2 feet above 2013 tide levels, with an additional 2.5 inches to account for subsidence.High Tide: Average monthly high tide is approximately two feet higher than the commonly used mean higher high water (MHHW, the average of the higher high water levels of each tidal day), and lower than king tides (the twice-a year high tides that occur when the gravitational pulls of the sun and the moon are aligned).10% Annual Flood: A “10 percent annual chance flood” is a flood event that has a 1 in 10 chance of occurring in any given year. Another name for this flood, which is the primary coastal flood hazard delineated in FEMA FIRMs, is the “10-year flood.”1% Annual Flood: A “1 percent annual chance flood” is a flood event that has a 1 in 100 chance of occurring in any given year. Another name for this flood, which is the primary coastal flood hazard delineated in FEMA FIRMs, is the “100-year flood.”

In response to large flood events, Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), for the provision of emergency geomatics services, may be activated by Canada’s emergency management protocols. As new satellite imagery becomes available, NRCan will extract flood extent polygons and update the dataset in near real time (4 hours). This item contains the flood products generated in the past year. For any data relating to previous years, please refer to the Floods in Canada – Archive entry. Please note that the web mapping service may not display data if flood polygons have not been published by the EGS for the current year. The flood products generated are validated on a best effort basis. Various factors may affect the quality of the flood polygons. These factors include, but are not limited to, sensor type, image resolution, cloud cover or limitations of the flood polygon extraction method. In this layer, where possible, a symbology is applied to the flood polygons based on the underlying land use classification, or is simply unclassified and shows the raw flood extent. When using Web mapping services, to display a specific product, filter by date (UTC Date) and area of interest (AOI). Also, a link to download each product directly from the FTP site is available in the Resources section. This prepackaged and compressed product contains a Shape file, a PDF file and a KMZ file.Disclaimer : Emergency response authorities are the primary users of these satellite-derived open water flood extent map products. These products are generated to provide analysis and emergency response situational awareness and to facilitate decision-making during major flood events. The open water flood extent products are generated rapidly and limited time is available for editing and validation. The flood products reflect the open water flood conditions at the date/time of acquisition. While efforts are made to produce high quality products, near-real time products may contain errors due to the limited time available for vector editing and validation. Please note that current algorithms do not map flooded areas under the forest canopy and are not optimized for urban flood mapping.Limitation of Liability : Accordingly, the information contained on this website is provided on an “as is” basis and Natural Resources Canada makes no representations or warranties respecting the information, either expressed or implied, arising by law or otherwise, including but not limited to, effectiveness, completeness, accuracy or fitness for a particular purpose. Natural Resources Canada does not assume any liability in respect of any damage or loss based on the use of this website. In no event shall Natural Resources Canada be liable in any way for any direct, indirect, special, incidental, consequential, or other damages based on any use of this website or any other website to which this site is linked, including, without limitation, any lost profits or revenue or business interruption.Parent Collection:- Floods in Canada - Cartographic Product CollectionVisit Floods in Canada - Current Year for more information, formats, contacts and metadata.

The mapped area boundary, flood inundation extents, and depth rasters were created to provide an estimated extent of flood inundation along the Greenbrier River within the community of Alderson, West Virginia. These geospatial data include the following items: 1. greenbrier_ald_bnd; shapefile containing the polygon showing the mapped area boundary for the Greenbrier River flood maps, 2. greenbrier_ald_hwm; shapefile containing high-water mark points, 3. polygon_greenbrier_ald_hwm; shapefile containing mapped extent of flood inundation, derived from the water-surface elevation surveyed at high-water marks, 4. depth_hwm; raster file for the flood depths derived from the water-surface elevation surveyed at high-water marks, 5. polygon_greenbrier_ald_dem; shapefile containing mapped extent of flood inundation, derived from the height above ground recorded at high-water marks and the digital elevation model (DEM) raster, 6. depth_dem; raster file for the flood depths derived from the height above ground recorded at high-water marks and the digital elevation model raster. The upstream and downstream mapped area extent is limited to the upstream-most and downstream-most high-water mark locations. In areas of uncertainty of flood extent, the mapped area boundary is lined up with the flood inundation polygon extent. The mapped area boundary polygon was used to extract the final flood inundation polygon and depth raster from the water-surface elevation raster file. Depth raster files were created using the "Topo to Raster" tool in ArcMap (ESRI, 2012). For this study two sets of inundation layers were generated for each reach. One raster file showing flood depths, "depth_hwm", was created by using high-water mark water-surface elevation values on the land surface and a digital elevation model. However, differences in elevation between the surveyed water-surface elevation values at HWM’s and the land-surface elevation from the digital elevation model data provided uncertainty in the inundation extent of the generated layers. Often times elevation differences of +/- 20 feet were noticed between the surveyed elevation from a HWM on the land surface and the digital elevation model land-surface elevation. Due to these elevation differences, we incorporated a second method of interpolating the water-surface layer. The recorded height above ground value from the surveyed HWM was added to the digital elevation model land-surface elevation at that point. This created a new water-surface elevation value to be used with the “Topo to Raster” interpolation method to create a second depth raster, "depth_dem". Both sets of inundation layers are provided.

The mapped area boundary, flood inundation extents, and depth rasters were created to provide an estimated extent of flood inundation along the Cherry River within the communities of Richwood and Fenwick, West Virginia. These geospatial data include the following items: 1. cherry_bnd; shapefile containing the polygon showing the mapped area boundary for the Cherry River flood maps, 2. cherry_hwm; shapefile containing high-water mark points, 3. polygon_cherry_hwm; shapefile containing mapped extent of flood inundation, derived from the water-surface elevation surveyed at high-water marks, 4. depth_hwm; raster file for the flood depths derived from the water-surface elevation surveyed at high-water marks, 5. polygon_cherry_dem; shapefile containing mapped extent of flood inundation, derived from the height above ground recorded at high-water marks and the digital elevation model (DEM) raster, 6. depth_dem; raster file for the flood depths derived from the height above ground recorded at high-water marks and the digital elevation model raster. The upstream and downstream mapped area extent is limited to the upstream-most and downstream-most high-water mark locations. In areas of uncertainty of flood extent, the mapped area boundary is lined up with the flood inundation polygon extent. The mapped area boundary polygon was used to extract the final flood inundation polygon and depth raster from the water-surface elevation raster file. Depth raster files were created using the "Topo to Raster" tool in ArcMap (ESRI, 2012). For this study two sets of inundation layers were generated for each reach. One raster file showing flood depths, "depth_hwm", was created by using high-water mark water-surface elevation values on the land surface and a digital elevation model. However, differences in elevation between the surveyed water-surface elevation values at HWM’s and the land-surface elevation from the digital elevation model data provided uncertainty in the inundation extent of the generated layers. Often times elevation differences of +/- 20 feet were noticed between the surveyed elevation from a HWM on the land surface and the digital elevation model land-surface elevation. Due to these elevation differences, we incorporated a second method of interpolating the water-surface layer. The recorded height above ground value from the surveyed HWM was added to the digital elevation model land-surface elevation at that point. This created a new water-surface elevation value to be used with the “Topo to Raster” interpolation method to create a second depth raster, "depth_dem". Both sets of inundation layers are provided.

The final aim for this practical is to create a 3D model to visualise how a flood depth of 1m might impact buildings within flood alert areas in Shrewsbury, including a potential new building we are going to create a simple 3D model for. By the end of the exercises in this practical you should be able to use Arc Online Apps to create a 3D model that looks like this -The learning objectives for making this model are as follows:Be able to open and navigate in the Map ViewerBe able to find and add suitable data into Map ViewerBe able to create datasets that allow you to perform visual analysis to understand why areas may have been identified as flood risk areasBe able to build a query to identify and extract building data for buildings within the Flood Alert AreaBe able to create a model to represent a potential new buildingBe able to use Scene Viewer to put this all together in a 3D model that allows you visualise this data

In this exercise we are going to see if any electrical substations are at risk of been impacted by a 1 in 200 year flood event. This is important to know as areas without electricity may need extra resources to help aid flood relief. SP Energy networks have an Open Data Portal which shows the location of Primary Substations and the areas they provide power for in Southern Scotland. We can analyse this data to see if any of these Primary Substations are at risk of flooding and if so the number of buildings that could be without power. We will then look at using Overpass Turbo to extract the location data of all substations in Fife and look at analysing this data.

This ArcGIS Online application displays the hydrometric stations and accompanying drainage areas analyzed as part of Bulletin 2020-1-RFFA described below. A frequency analysis was conducted on Annual Maximum Series (AMS) streamflow data collected at Water Survey of Canada (WSC) and United States Geological Survey (USGS) hydrometric gauge stations that met the following criteria for inclusion in the Bulletin 2020-1-RFFA study: at least 10 years or data (with 350 or more days of observations) above the low outlier threshold; less than 20% (by basin drainage area) regulation; a corresponding basin polygon dataset (either supplied or delineated) with an area <15% different than the basin area reported by WSC or USGS; full metadata coverage for the basin (e.g. mean annual precipitation, elevation, etc.); and 1-, 3-, 5-, and -10 day distribution fits that did not overlap for any Average Recurrence Interval’s (ARI) above 2 years. The analysis was conducted by Northwest Hydraulic Consultants and RTI International Inc. for the Water Management Branch of FLNRORD. The geographic area of the dataset is shown in Bulletin 2020-1-RFFA and consists of all of British Columbia and selected watersheds around the perimeter of the province. There are 3 datasets within this project consisting of: • Hydrometric station locations of the stations that were analyzed as part of the study. • The drainage areas of the respective hydrometric stations that were analyzed. • The BC Hydrologic Zones that were extended outside of BC.

The final aim for this practical is to create a 3D model to visualise how a flood depth of 1m might impact buildings within areas at risk from a 1 in 200 year flood event in Fife. These areas are defined by The Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA) as medium flood risk areas. By the end of the exercises in this practical you should be able to use Arc Online Apps to create a 3D model that looks like this and highlights the buildings within the medium flood risk areas -The learning objectives for making this model are as follows:Be able to open and navigate in the Map ViewerBe able to find and add suitable data into Map ViewerBe able to create datasets that allow you to perform visual analysis to understand why areas may have been identified as flood risk areasBe able to build a query to identify and extract building data for buildings within the medium flood risk areasBe able to use Scene Viewer to put this all together in a 3D model that allows you visualise this data

Exercise OnlyPurpose and Audience:The purpose of this map is to summarize the potential impact of a flood hazard in Montgomery County, Maryland. The map shows areas within the flood hazard zone and their overall vulnerability based on Social Vulnerability Index (SoVI). This map also includes an Enriched Flood Hazard layer that shows statistics on endangered households and vulnerable populations within the flood hazard area. This map is intended as a resource for the Montgomery County emergency management agency, for preparedness planning and assessment of the risk to people and property in the county. Layers and Data Sources:

The 2014 SoVI layer was obtained from the ATSDR website: https://svi.cdc.gov/SVIDataToolsDownload.html. It ranks each census tract’s vulnerability based on socioeconomic, minority status/language, household composition, and housing transportation statistics. This layer shows the total vulnerability percentile ranking within the state, 0 – 1, where 1 is the highest social vulnerability.Fire Stations, Hospitals, Nusing Homes, Public Schools, Power Plants and Substations layers were obtained from the Homeland Infrastructure Foundation-Level Data (HIFLD) Open Data Portal: https://hifld-dhs-gii.opendata.arcgis.com/. The Police Station layer was obtained from the Maryland Open Data Portal: https://data.maryland.gov/Public-Safety/MD-iMAP-Maryland-Police-County-Police-Stations/ng3f-pf6x. These layers represent valuable and vulnerable populations and facilities (i.e. Nusing Homes, Public Schools), as well as resources for responding to a disaster (Police Stations, Fire Stations, Hospitals). The Overall Place Vulnerability layer was created using the SoVI layer and data obtained from the FEMA Flood Map Service Center: http://msc.fema.gov/portal/advanceSearch. Overall Place Vulnerability was determined by the intersection of Special Flood Hazard Areas in the FEMA National Flood Hazard Layer and tracts with high social vulnerability, because high SoVI indicates the area may be more adversely affected by a hazard and less resilient in the aftermath. Areas where flood zones intersected tracts with a SoVI total percentile ranking greater than 0.80 were designated as “High”overall place vulnerability, because these tracts are more vulnerable than 80% of tracts in the state. Areas where flood zones intersected tracts with SoVi ranking between 0.60 and 0.80 were designated “Medium-High” overall place vulnerability. The product of this analysis was an Overall Place Vulnerability layer. The US National Grid (USNG) layer and Topographic basemap serve as reference and were obtained from ESRI.

[Metadata] Flood Hazard Areas Line features for the State of Hawaii as of May, 2021. The Statewide GIS Program created the statewide layer by merging all county layers (downloaded on May 1, 2021). The National Flood Hazard Layer (NFHL) data incorporates all Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) databases published by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), and any Letters of Map Revision (LOMRs) that have been issued against those databases since their publication date. It is updated on a monthly basis. The FIRM Database is the digital, geospatial version of the flood hazard information shown on the published paper FIRMs. The FIRM Database depicts flood risk information and supporting data used to develop the risk data. The primary risk classifications used are the 1-percent-annual-chance flood event, the 0.2-percent-annual-chance flood event, and areas of minimal flood risk. The FIRM Database is derived from Flood Insurance Studies (FISs), previously published FIRMs, flood hazard analyses performed in support of the FISs and FIRMs, and new mapping data, where available. The FISs and FIRMs are published by FEMA. The NFHL is available as State or US Territory data sets. Each State or Territory data set consists of all FIRM Databases and corresponding LOMRs available on the publication date of the data set. The specification for the horizontal control of FIRM Databases is consistent with those required for mapping at a scale of 1:12,000. This file is georeferenced to the Earth's surface using the Geographic Coordinate System (GCS) and North American Datum of 1983. For more information, please refer to summary metadata: https://files.hawaii.gov/dbedt/op/gis/data/s_fld_haz_ar_line_state.pdf or contact Hawaii Statewide GIS Program, Office of Planning and Sustainable Development, State of Hawaii; PO Box 2359, Honolulu, HI 96804; (808) 587-2846; email: gis@hawaii.gov; Website: https://planning.hawaii.gov/gis.