The Community Rating System (CRS) is a voluntary incentive program that recognizes and encourages community floodplain management practices that exceed the minimum requirements of the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP). Active CRS community flood insurance premium rates are discounted to reflect the reduced flood risk resulting from the community’s efforts that address the three goals of the program: 1. Reduce and avoid flood damage to insurable property; 2. Strengthen and support the insurance aspects of the National Flood Insurance Program; and 3. Foster comprehensive floodplain management. rnrnThe Flood insurance premium rates in Community Rating System communities are discounted in increments of 5%. A Class 10 community is not participating in the CRS and receives no discount. A Class 9 community receives a 5% discount for all policies in its Special Flood Hazard Areas, a Class 8 community receives a 10% discount, all the way to a Class 1 community, which receives a 45% premium discount. Classifications are based on 19 creditable activities, organized in four categories: Public Information, Mapping and Regulations, Flood Damage Reduction, Warning and Response. Quantitative CRS datasets are avaialble about community floodplain mangament practices that validates the CRS community rating classifications and credit points. The abridged public dataset is available at https://www.fema.gov/floodplain-management/community-rating-system. CRS dataset is updated semiannually in CIS.

The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) aims to reduce the impact of flooding on private and public structures.The redacted claims dataset provides details on NFIP claims transactions. It is derived from the NFIP system of record, staged in the NFIP reporting platform and redacted to protect policy holder personally identifiable information. This dataset represents more than 2,000,000 claims transactions. In order to improve accessibility, we have one compressed file. The Reinsurance data set was developed in support of FEMA reinsurance placement. We are sharing some of the reinsurance placement information with the general public, because it is important for the nation to more clearly understand our shared flood risk. The data and information was derived in part using catastrophic flood risk models developed by AIR-Worldwide and RMS, two well known risk model developers. That information may also be useful for the insurance industry, academics, and others in understanding and studying flood risk within the United States. FEMA looks to continue to foster strong private-public partnerships as FEMA, the public, academia, and the private sector work together to improve flood resiliency in the United States.The Community Layer datasets contain geospatial community boundaries associated with Census and NFIP data. The dataset does not contain personal identifiable information (PII). The Community Layer can be used to tie Community ID numbers (CID) to jurisdiction, tribal, and special land use area boundaries. A geodatabase (GDB) link is Included in the Full Data section below. The compressed file contains a collection of files that can store, query, and manage both spatial and nonspatial data using software that can read such a file. It contains all of the community layers, not just the layer for which this dataset page describes.The No Overlaps Whole Community Layer dataset is a variation on the Comprehensive Community Layer dataset, but flattened, with multi-county communities not split by county lines. "Flattened" means that there are no overlaps; larger shapes like counties are "punched out" or "clipped" where smaller communities are contained within them. This allows for choropleth shading and other mapping techniques such as calculating unincorporated county land area. Multicounty cities like Houston are a single feature, undivided by counties. This layer is derived from Census, State of Maine, and National Flood Hazard Layer political boundaries.The No Overlaps Split Community Layer Dataset is a variation on the Comprehensive Community Layer dataset, but flattened, with multi-county communities split by county lines. "Flattened" means that there are no overlaps; larger shapes like counties are "punched out" or "clipped" where smaller communities are contained within them. This allows for choropleth shading and other mapping techniques such as calculating unincorporated county land area. Multicounty cities like Houston are split by county lines, allowing easier county summarization and alignment with certain NFIP statistics. This layer is derived from Census, State of Maine, and National Flood Hazard Layer political boundaries.The NFIP Community Status Book dataset contains the current NFIP status of a community which determines whether citizens have the opportunity to purchase flood insurance as well as qualify for disaster assistance. In addition, this dataset provides the available insurance discount rates for communities that participate in the Community Rating System (CRS).The Multiple Loss Properties dataset contains NFIP-insured structures that fall within the four categories of Repetitive Loss and Severe Repetitive Loss that FEMA tracks. Definitions of these categories are provided in the field descriptions. There are also fields to show whether a structure is currently NFIP-insured, has been mitigated, and other characteristics. The data includes properties that have since been mitigated or demolished and may no longer considered to be in any of the listed categories.

The statistic presents the number of flood insurance policies in force in the United States as of ******************, by state. It was found that there were approximately **** million flood insurance policies in force in Florida as of ******************.

The statistic shows the amount of flood insurance claim payments in the United States from *************** to ******************, by state. In that period, flood insurance claim payments in Florida amounted to approximately ********** U.S. dollars.

This submission includes publicly available data extracted in its original form. Please reference the Related Publication listed here for source and citation information If you have questions about underlying source data, contact OpenFEMA at OpenFEMA@fema.dhs.gov. For questions about metadata or this extracted data contact CAFÉ (climatecafe@bu.edu). "The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) aims to reduce the impact of flooding on private and public structures." [Quote from https://www.fema.gov/about/openfema/data-sets] This dataset includes: FIMA NFIP Redacted Claims FIMA NFIP Redacted Policies FIMA NFIP Reinsurance Placement Information NFIP Community Layer Comprehensive NFIP Community Layer No Overlaps Split NFIP Community Layer No Overlaps Whole NFIP Community Status Book NFIP Multiple Loss Properties NFIP Residential Penetration Rates Please review the updated PDF/HTML documentation for more details. (2025-01-31)

The Office of the Flood Insurance Advocate (OFIA) publishes its periodic report to provide the public and industry professionals an insight into trends affecting National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) customers and property owners.rnrnData in these reports includes; Casework Highlights, Casework Trends, and Casework Spotlights

Data available online through GeoStor at http://www.geostor.arkansas.gov. The Q3 Flood Data are derived from the Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMS) published by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). The file is georeferenced to earth""s surface using geographic projection and decimal degree coordinate system. The specifications for the horizontal control of Q3 Flood Data files are consistent with those required for mapping at a scale of 1:24000.

The statistic shows the U.S. states with the highest number of flood insurance claims in 2016. In that year, there were 16,024 flood insurance claims made in Texas.

This statistic shows the share of homeowners with flood insurance in the United States from 2010 to 2016. In 2016, ** percent of respondents stated that they had flood insurance.

Overview of Data SourcesFlooding Event Data: The flooding event summaries were developed using the NOAA Storm Events Database, available for download at NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information website. While there are many weather events provided in the NOAA Storm Events Database, only the following values were selected for inclusion in the locality summaries: coastal flood, flash flood, flood, heavy rain, hurricane (typhoon), and tropical storm. Detailed descriptions of event types are provided in Appendix A of NOAA's National Weather Service documentation. The data included in this summary includes events recorded from January 1996 through August 2021. FEMA National Flood Insurance Program Claims: The NFIP claims data were obtained through the FIMA NFIP Redacted Claims data, available through the OpenFEMA data portal. The data used in this analysis was last updated December 6, 2021. While every effort has been made to obtain current information about the flood events and flood insurance claims contained herein, no representation or assurance is made regarding the accuracy of the underlying data. Please contact HRDPC staff with questions regarding this dashboard product.

The National Flood Hazard Layer (NFHL) data incorporates all Digital Flood Insurance Rate Map(DFIRM) databases published by FEMA, and any Letters Of Map Revision (LOMRs) that have been issued against those databases since their publication date. The DFIRM Database is the digital, geospatial version of the flood hazard information shown on the published paper Flood Insurance Rate Maps(FIRMs). The primary risk classifications used are the 1-percent-annual-chance flood event, the 0.2-percent-annual-chance flood event, and areas of minimal flood risk. The NFHL data are derived from Flood Insurance Studies (FISs), previously published Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs), flood hazard analyses performed in support of the FISs and FIRMs, and new mapping data where available. The FISs and FIRMs are published by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). The specifications for the horizontal control of DFIRM data are consistent with those required for mapping at a scale of 1:12,000. The NFHL data contain layers in the Standard DFIRM datasets except for S_Label_Pt and S_Label_Ld. The NFHL is available as State or US Territory data sets. Each State or Territory data set consists of all DFIRMs and corresponding LOMRs available on the publication date of the data set.

This dataset contains the scanned, paper flood insurance rate maps (FIRMs) developed by FEMA and available from the Mapping Service Center.

Flood Insurance Studies are a complication and presentation of flood risk data for specific watercourses, lakes, and coastal flood hazard areas within a community.rn

Context

The market for providing flood insurance policies in the U.S. is almost exclusively backed by the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP). The NFIP is only available for policies purchased within participating communities, and partners with private insurance companies to distribute flood insurance policies to homeowners and businesses.

Because flooding is the primary vector of economic damages inflicted on local communities as demonstrated by the 2016-2019 hurricane seasons, and given the projected increase in destructive flooding as a result of climate change- there's an enormous need to more efficiently distribute financial risk due to climate change.

Content

This data contains multiple fields about anonymized flood policy holders in the United States:

1. Flood zone rating
2. Building elevation
3. Zip code, county code, census tract, state code, city code
4. Building type
5. Business type
6. Flood insurance deductibles
7. Total insurance coverage
8. Total insurance premium of the policy
9. How the policy was originally rated

Acknowledgements

This data wouldn't be available were it not for the OpenFEMA team- they're the ones primarily responsible for its update and maintenance on its original site: https://www.fema.gov/media-library/assets/documents/180376

(I'm sure they'd appreciate a nice email at OpenFEMA@fema.dhs.gov)

Inspiration

Hurricane season is always right around the corner.

The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) aims to reduce the impact of flooding-a burden not covered by homeowner-s insurance-by providing insurance to homeowners, renters, and business owners at a reasonable cost. NFIP coverage insures buildings and the policy owner-s possessions. The NFIP claims data comes from the NFIP legacy system as of 12/31/2016 and includes residential contracts only; contracts on business and other non-residential structures are excluded. The period of the data portrayed is from 1996-2016.

The Digital Flood Insurance Rate Map (DFIRM) Database depicts flood risk information and supporting data used to develop the risk data. The primary risk classifications used are the 1-percent-annual-chance flood event, the 0.2-percent-annual-chance flood event, and areas of minimal flood risk. The DFIRM Database is derived from Flood Insurance Studies (FISs), previously published Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs), flood hazard analyses performed in support of the FISs and FIRMs, and new mapping data, where available. The FISs and FIRMs are published by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). The file is georeferenced to earth's surface using the State Plane projection and coordinate system. The specifications for the horizontal control of DFIRM data files are consistent with those required for mapping at a scale of 1:12,000.

This dataset contains required community information for enrollment in the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP). Congress created the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) through enactment of the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 (NFIA) (Title XIII of Pub. L. 90-448, 82 Stat. 476), found at 42 U.S.C. 4001 et seq. The goal of the program is to help mitigate future losses caused by flooding through community enforced building standards. The NFIP is a federal program enabling property owners in participating communities to purchase insurance as a protection against flood losses in exchange for State and community floodplain management requirements that reduce the risk of future flood damages. Communities participate in the NFIP based on an agreement between the community and FEMA. If a community submits Federal Emergency Management Agency Application for Participation in the National Flood Insurance Program, FEMA FORM 086-0-30, O.M.B. Control Number 1660-0004 along with adopting and enforcing a floodplain management ordinance to reduce future flood risk to new construction in floodplains, FEMA will make flood insurance available within the community as a financial protection against flood losses. rnA community submits either an electronic or hard copy of the FEMA NFIP enrollment form 086-0-30 to the State NFIP Coordinator, FEMA Regional Office, and FEMA Headquarters to apply for participation in the National Flood Insurance Program. The enrollment form contains personally identifiable information (PII) for local community officials, including the individual signing and submitting the form. FEMA uses the collected information to maintain contact databases and records relating to local floodplain management. Information collected through FEMA Form 086-0-30 and entered into CIS is covered by the following privacy compliance documents: PIA: DHS/FEMA/PIA – 011 National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) Information Technology Services (ITS); DHS/FEMA/PIA-050 National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) PIVOT System; SORN: DHS/FEMA – 003 National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) Files and DHS/ALL-004 – General Information Technology Access Account Records System (GITAARS).

The property level flood risk statistics generated by the First Street Foundation Flood Model Version 2.0 come in CSV format.

The data that is included in the CSV includes:

An FSID; a First Street ID (FSID) is a unique identifier assigned to each location.

The latitude and longitude of a parcel as well as the zip code, census block group, census tract, county, congressional district, and state of a given parcel.

The property’s Flood Factor as well as data on economic loss.

The flood depth in centimeters at the low, medium, and high CMIP 4.5 climate scenarios for the 2, 5, 20, 100, and 500 year storms this year and in 30 years.

Data on the cumulative probability of a flood event exceeding the 0cm, 15cm, and 30cm threshold depth is provided at the low, medium, and high climate scenarios for this year and in 30 years.

Information on historical events and flood adaptation, such as ID and name.

This dataset includes First Street's aggregated flood risk summary statistics. The data is available in CSV format and is aggregated at the congressional district, county, and zip code level. The data allows you to compare FSF data with FEMA data. You can also view aggregated flood risk statistics for various modeled return periods (5-, 100-, and 500-year) and see how risk changes due to climate change (compare FSF 2020 and 2050 data). There are various Flood Factor risk score aggregations available including the average risk score for all properties (flood factor risk scores 1-10) and the average risk score for properties with risk (i.e. flood factor risk scores of 2 or greater). This is version 2.0 of the data and it covers the 50 United States and Puerto Rico. There will be updated versions to follow.

If you are interested in acquiring First Street flood data, you can request to access the data here. More information on First Street's flood risk statistics can be found here and information on First Street's hazards can be found here.

The data dictionary for the parcel-level data is below.

Field Name

Type

Description

fsid

int

First Street ID (FSID) is a unique identifier assigned to each location

long

float

Longitude

lat

float

Latitude

zcta

int

ZIP code tabulation area as provided by the US Census Bureau

blkgrp_fips

int

US Census Block Group FIPS Code

tract_fips

int

US Census Tract FIPS Code

county_fips

int

County FIPS Code

cd_fips

int

Congressional District FIPS Code for the 116th Congress

state_fips

int

State FIPS Code

floodfactor

int

The property's Flood Factor, a numeric integer from 1-10 (where 1 = minimal and 10 = extreme) based on flooding risk to the building footprint. Flood risk is defined as a combination of cumulative risk over 30 years and flood depth. Flood depth is calculated at the lowest elevation of the building footprint (largest if more than 1 exists, or property centroid where footprint does not exist)

CS_depth_RP_YY

int

Climate Scenario (low, medium or high) by Flood depth (in cm) for the Return Period (2, 5, 20, 100 or 500) and Year (today or 30 years in the future). Today as year00 and 30 years as year30. ex: low_depth_002_year00

CS_chance_flood_YY

float

Climate Scenario (low, medium or high) by Cumulative probability (percent) of at least one flooding event that exceeds the threshold at a threshold flooding depth in cm (0, 15, 30) for the year (today or 30 years in the future). Today as year00 and 30 years as year30. ex: low_chance_00_year00

aal_YY_CS

int

The annualized economic damage estimate to the building structure from flooding by Year (today or 30 years in the future) by Climate Scenario (low, medium, high). Today as year00 and 30 years as year30. ex: aal_year00_low

hist1_id

int

A unique First Street identifier assigned to a historic storm event modeled by First Street

hist1_event

string

Short name of the modeled historic event

hist1_year

int

Year the modeled historic event occurred

hist1_depth

int

Depth (in cm) of flooding to the building from this historic event

hist2_id

int

A unique First Street identifier assigned to a historic storm event modeled by First Street

hist2_event

string

Short name of the modeled historic event

hist2_year

int

Year the modeled historic event occurred

hist2_depth

int

Depth (in cm) of flooding to the building from this historic event

adapt_id

int

A unique First Street identifier assigned to each adaptation project

adapt_name

string

Name of adaptation project

adapt_rp

int

Return period of flood event structure provides protection for when applicable

adapt_type

string

Specific flood adaptation structure type (can be one of many structures associated with a project)

fema_zone

string

Specific FEMA zone categorization of the property ex: A, AE, V. Zones beginning with "A" or "V" are inside the Special Flood Hazard Area which indicates high risk and flood insurance is required for structures with mortgages from federally regulated or insured lenders

footprint_flag

int

Statistics for the property are calculated at the centroid of the building footprint (1) or at the centroid of the parcel (0)

Contains all publicly available data and code used for "Does the National Flood Insurance Program Drive Migration to Higher Risk Areas?"

This collection contains data underlying the figures in the article titled "Flood insurance is a driver of population growth in European floodplains".

Data for each figure is presented in a seperate xlsx-file. Within each file, country- and region-names are given for rows, and column names specify to which panel the data applies.