Microfossil (benthic foraminifera) data from coastal areas were collected from state and federally managed lands within the Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve and Grand Bay National Wildlife Refuge, Grand Bay, Mississippi/Alabama; federally managed lands of Bon Secour National Wildlife Refuge on Cedar Island and Little Dauphin Island, Alabama; and municipally managed land around Dauphin Island, Alabama. Samples were analyzed and quantified for foraminiferal census in order to document changes to the coastal wetlands, estuarine environments, and to aid in paleoenvironmental reconstruction. These data provide a baseline dataset for use in future wetland change descriptive and predictive studies and assessments. The data presented here were collected as part of the U.S. Geological Survey’s Sea-level and Storm Impacts on Estuarine Environments and Shorelines (SSIEES) project (https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/ssiees), Barrier Island Evolution Research (BIER) project (https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/bier), and National Fish and Wildlife Foundation-funded Alabama Barrier Island Restoration Feasibility Study (a collaborative study between the U.S. Army Corp of Engineers, Mobile District; the State of Alabama; and the USGS [https://www.usgs.gov/centers/spcmsc/science/alabama-barrier-island-restoration-study]). These projects aim to assess ecological and societal vulnerability that results from long- and short-term physical changes to barrier islands and coastal wetlands. Two sampling surveys were conducted between 2014 and 2015: 14CCT01 (15–19 September 2014; 2014-323-FA), and 15BIM09 (18–20 August 2015; 2015-322-FA). During those two trips, seven Russian peat auger cores were taken from marsh locations. Three cores from Dauphin Island were subsampled and stained with rose Bengal (rB) in the field to indicate life. Four further cores from Dauphin Island and Grand Bay were not stained. At the St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center all cores were subsampled resulting in a total of 74 subsamples. Samples were processed in the laboratory to four size fractions (63–125 μm, 125–250 μm, 250–850 μm, and >850 μm), of which the 125–250 μm and 250–850 μm fractions were picked at equal proportions of total sample and reported combined (125–850 μm). For additional information regarding foraminiferal collection and/or processing methods, refer to Ellis and others (2017). Further data collected on and surrounding Dauphin Island is presented in Ellis and others (2017) and Ellis and others (2018).

Microfossil (benthic foraminifera) samples were obtained from surficial grab (denoted with “G”) and push core (denoted with “M”) sediments collected in Grand Bay estuary, Mississippi and Alabama, to aid in the paleoenvironmental understanding of Grand Bay estuary. The data presented here were collected as part of the U.S. Geological Survey’s Sea-level and Storm Impacts on Estuarine Environments and Shorelines (SSIEES) project, and Barrier Island Evolution Research (BIER) project. Sampling was conducted in May 2016 [field activity number (FAN) 2016-331-FA, alternate FAN 16CCT03]. In the field, 15 cores were collected in tidal creek mouths, proximal to tidal creek mouths, in protected coves, and in the open Grand Bay estuary. Surface samples were collected at each core site location. At the St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (SPCMSC), 13 of the 15 cores were selectively subsampled for foraminifera, resulting in a total of 64 push core subsamples. Estuarine surface grab samples and push core subsamples were processed in the laboratory to three size fractions (63–125 micrometers (μm), 125–850 μm, and >850 μm), of which the 125–850 μm fraction was picked. The raw foraminiferal count data from the picked subsamples are provided below. For further information regarding foraminiferal collection and/or processing methods, refer to Ellis and others (2017a, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1060). For information regarding 16CCT03 site locations, water quality parameters and sediment properties, refer to Marot and others (2019, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9FO8R3Y). For related datasets from the Mississippi Sound area, please refer to Haller and others (2018a, https://doi.org/10.5066/F7MC8X5F; and 2018b, https://doi.org/10.5066/F7445KSG), Ellis and others (2018, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171165), Ellis and others (2017b, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1046), and DeWitt and others (2017, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1070). Downloadable data are available as Excel spreadsheets, comma-separated values text files, and formal Federal Geographic Data Committee metadata.

This dataset consists of species-level benthic foraminiferal assemblages identified from three sediment cores collected aboard the R/V Justo Sierra cruise JS0815 in the southern Gulf of Mexico from 2015-08-05 to 2015-08-06. The dataset includes the depth increment relative to sediment surface and individuals identified (count). The main objective of cruise JS0815, led by Chief Scientist Dr. David Hollander, was to determine the impact and recovery of benthic infauna and epifauna related to subsurface petroleum releases in the southern Gulf of Mexico. Cruise JS0815 extended from 2015-07-30 to 2015-08-09.

This dataset includes a compilation of new and published size-normalised weight (SNW) planktic foraminifera data, and the associated environmental data which has been extracted from the CMIP6 model ensemble. These data are used in the Bayesian regression modelling as detailed in the manuscript and are split into dataframes used in the species-level modelling and group-level modelling. The dataset includes articles on foraminiferal SNW published until the 31st October 2023 and only includes shell weights that have been normalised to the measurement-based weight (MBW) method (Barker, 2002), using diameter or silhouette area and does not include plankton tow data, samples older than 1000AD, or samples below 4000m water depth. SNW measurements in the new dataset have been collected as per the methodology of Barker (2002). Environmental data corresponds to the location of SNW data collection and the age of the data (i.e. modern or preindustrial). Carbonate ion concentration, salinity and temperature data were derived from Jiang et al. (2023). As environmental data was not available for the Mediterranean, data gaps were filled by extracting data from CESM2 following the same methodology as Jiang et al. (2023). The median of five Earth System Models (CESM2, GFDL-CM4, GFDL-ESM4, MIROC-ES2L and MRI-ESM2-0) were used to extract phosphate concentration and net primary production data.

Microfossil (benthic foraminifera) data from coastal areas were collected from state and federally managed lands within the Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve and Grand Bay National Wildlife Refuge, Grand Bay, Mississippi/Alabama; federally managed lands of Bon Secour National Wildlife Refuge on Cedar Island and Little Dauphin Island, Alabama; and municipally managed land around Dauphin Island, Alabama. Samples were analyzed and quantified for foraminiferal census in order to document changes to the coastal wetlands, estuarine environments, and to aid in paleoenvironmental reconstruction. These data provide a baseline dataset for use in future wetland change descriptive and predictive studies and assessments. The data presented here were collected as part of the U.S. Geological Survey’s Sea-level and Storm Impacts on Estuarine Environments and Shorelines (SSIEES) project (https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/ssiees), Barrier Island Evolution Research (BIER) project (https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/bier), and National Fish and Wildlife Foundation-funded Alabama Barrier Island Restoration Feasibility Study (a collaborative study between the U.S. Army Corp of Engineers, Mobile District; the State of Alabama; and the USGS [https://www.usgs.gov/centers/spcmsc/science/alabama-barrier-island-restoration-study]). These projects aim to assess ecological and societal vulnerability that results from long- and short-term physical changes to barrier islands and coastal wetlands. Two sampling surveys were conducted between 2014 and 2015: 14CCT01 (15–19 September 2014; 2014-323-FA), and 15BIM09 (18–20 August 2015; 2015-322-FA). During those two trips, seven Russian peat auger cores were taken from marsh locations. Three cores from Dauphin Island were subsampled and stained with rose Bengal (rB) in the field to indicate life. Four further cores from Dauphin Island and Grand Bay were not stained. At the St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center all cores were subsampled resulting in a total of 74 subsamples. Samples were processed in the laboratory to four size fractions (63–125 μm, 125–250 μm, 250–850 μm, and >850 μm), of which the 125–250 μm and 250–850 μm fractions were picked at equal proportions of total sample and reported combined (125–850 μm). For additional information regarding foraminiferal collection and/or processing methods, refer to Ellis and others (2017). Further data collected on and surrounding Dauphin Island is presented in Ellis and others (2017) and Ellis and others (2018).

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) deployed a sediment trap (McLane PARFLUX 78H) mooring in the northern Gulf of Mexico (27.5 °N and 90.3°W, water depth 1150 meters [m]) in January 2008 to collect seasonal time-series data on the flux and assemblage composition of planktic foraminifers. The trap was positioned in the water column at a depth of 700 m on the mooring cable to enable the collection of deeper dwelling species of planktic foraminifera. The trap contains 21 collection cups that were programmed to rotate every 7 to 14 days (resulting in weekly to biweekly sampling resolution). Upon retrieval, samples were subsequently wet split into four aliquots using a precision rotary splitter, stored in buffered deionized water, and refrigerated. A quarter split was wet sieved over a 150-micron (μm) sieve and subsequently wet picked for all foraminifers. In samples containing fewer than 300 foraminifers in the first quarter split, an additional split was processed and picked in its entirety. The counts were then summed. All planktic foraminifers were identified to the species level. This report gives information on the raw counts and foraminifera flux (tests m−2 day−1) through May 2014. Flux was calculated based on the total number of foraminifera for each sub-sample, the fraction of the total sample used, the duration (days) the sediment trap was opened and collecting data for a given sample, and the aperture area of the sediment trap (0.5 meter-squared [m2]). The sediment trap mooring is currently deployed, and foraminifera data will be updated as new samples are processed.

Calcite shells of planktic foraminifera (Protista, Rhizaria) constitute a large portion of deep-sea sediments. The shells are constructed by sequential addition of partly overlapping chambers with various shapes, resulting in complex shell architectures, which are genetically fixed and diagnostic at the species level. The characterisation of the architecture requires three-dimensional imaging of the shell, including the partially or entirely covered juvenile chambers. Here we provide reconstructed x-ray micro computed tomography image stacks of 179 specimens of extant planktic foraminifera collected from plankton tows, sediment traps and surface sediments. The specimens have fully resolved and curated taxonomy and represent 43 of the currently recognised 48 holoplanktic species and subspecies. The image stacks form a basis for further applications, such as the characterisation of the architectural morphospace of the extant taxa, allowing studies of species functional ecology, calcification intensity and reconstructions of phylogenetic relationships.

This dataset consists of benthic and planktic foraminiferal data including carbon isotope (C-13, C-14) measurements, abundance, density, diversity, taphonomy (fracture percentage), and stained/unstained ratios from sediment cores collected aboard the R/V Point Sur cruise PS18-25 in the northern Gulf of Mexico from 2018-05-18 to 2018-05-23. Stable isotope and radiocarbon measurements were performed on Cibicidoides spp. and Globigerinoides ruber. The dataset also contains date, latitude and longitude of sample location. Cruise documentation is also present for the R/V Point Sur cruise PS18-25. The chief scientist for the expedition was Dr. Arne Diercks.

Stable oxygen isotopes (δ18O) of planktonic foraminifera are one of the most used tools to reconstruct environmental conditions of the water column. Since different species live and calcify at different depths in the water column, the δ18O of sedimentary foraminifera reflects to a large degree the vertical habitat and interspecies δ18O differences and can thus potentially provide information on the vertical structure of the water column. However, to fully unlock the potential of foraminifera as recorders of past surface water properties, it is necessary to understand how and under what conditions the environmental signal is incorporated into the calcite shells of individual species. Deep-dwelling species play a particularly important role in this context since their calcification depth reaches below the surface mixed layer. Here we report δ18O measurements made on four deep-dwelling Globorotalia species collected with stratified plankton tows in the eastern North Atlantic. Size and crust effects on the δ18O signal were evaluated showing that a larger size increases the δ18O of G. inflata and G. hirsuta, and a crust effect is reflected in a higher δ18O signal in G. truncatulinoides. The great majority of the δ18O values can be explained without invoking disequilibrium calcification. When interpreted in this way the data imply depth-integrated calcification with progressive addition of calcite with depth to about 300 m for G. inflata and to about 500 m for G. hirsuta. In G. scitula, despite a strong subsurface maximum in abundance, the vertical δ18O profile is flat and appears dominated by a surface layer signal. In G. truncatulinoides, the δ18O profile follows equilibrium for each depth, implying a constant habitat during growth at each depth layer. The δ18O values are more consistent with the predictions of the Shackleton (1974) palaeotemperature equation, except in G. scitula which shows values more consistent with the Kim and O'Neil (1997) prediction. In all cases, we observe a difference between the level where most of the specimens were present and the depth where most of their shell appears to calcify.

This dataset contains the species occurrence records collected as part of a stude designed to describe the occurrence and distribution patterns of several relatively ubiquitous indigenous species of Foraminifera observed in the Minas Basin. The study area environment is unique due to its exceptionally large tidal range creating currents well in excess of that required to erode and transport Foraminifera. The data was collected from 120 sediment samples collected during the spring and autumn of 1976. Spring samples in late May were collected from CSS Dawson using a medium Van Veen Grab (30cm x 30cm). The autumn samples were collected in September and October from a small boat using an Ekman grab (18cm x 18cm) or on foot. Samples were collected in water depths ranging from 1m to 25m.

The FORCIS (Foraminifera Response to Climatic Stress) database is a synthesis grouping datasets on living planktonic foraminifera. We assembled foraminiferal diversity and distribution data in the global oceans from 1910 until 2018, curating published and unpublished datasets. This database includes data collected using plankton tows, continuous plankton recorder, sediment traps and plankton pump from the global ocean.

The FORCIS database version 01 is composed of 5 files (“.csv” format). All data coming from different sampling devices were put into separate “.csv” files. Only the data of the CPR from the Southern Hemisphere have been separated from the Northern Hemisphere CPR data as the data structure is not the same (species counts resolved vs. binned total counts, respectively).

Apart from the file of CPR data from the Northern Hemisphere that contains only metadata and binned total counts, all the remaining four files contain 4 blocks:

• Block 1: metadata (from column 1 to 71)

• Block 2: original counts (from column 72 to 274)

• Block 3: generated counts based on the validated taxonomy (from column 275 to 331). We added “_VT” to each species name to distinguish it from other taxonomy levels. E.g. “g_bulloides” became “g_bulloides_VT”. The number of species counted per subsample is also reported in the column “number_of_species_counted_VT”

• Block 4: generated counts based on the lumped taxonomy (from column 332 to 379). In this case, we added “_LT” to each species name. E.g. “n_dutertrei” became “n_dutertrei_VT”. We also calculated the number of species counted per subsample and reported it in the column “number_of_species_counted_LT”

Foraminifera abundance data counts are reported in different categories in the blocks 1,2 and 3 and described in the table below:

For more details about the FORCIS database column description, please check the data descriptor paper Chaabane et al. (20XX) (doi).

The database is kept open for any new entries and the updated version will be released in csv format. The labels of updated versions of the released “.csv” files will contain the date of their publication and versioning number.

This dataset is about: Planktonic and benthic foraminifera from sediment core POS200/10_8-2 collected at Portuguese Margin, North Atlantic. Please consult parent dataset @ https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.895024 for more information.

Dataset of 3D reconstructions of the foraminifer Elphidium clavatum (marine protist with a calcite shell) acquired at the Beamline BL 47XU, SPring-8 synchrotron facility (Japan). A voxel size of 0.5 µm was used. In total, 124 specimens of Elphidium clavatum were scanned. For each specimen are available: a collection of raw images ("cropped" folder), a collection of binary images ("mask" folder), a 3D reconstruction (STL file), and two snapshot images of the 3D reconstruction. Sediment cores were collected in 2013 during a cruise with R/V Skagerak at Öresund station DV, north of the Island of Ven (55°55.59′ N, 12°42.66′ E). From the sediment core, 16 sediment layers were selected, representing the last 200 years (i.e., roughly the years ~2013, ~2010, ~2005, ~2002, ~1993, ~1986, ~1978, ~1960, ~1939, ~1923, ~1906, ~1890, ~1873, ~1857, ~1840, and ~1807). Between five to ten Elphidium clavatum specimens were selected from each layer. The dataset is part of the study exploring 3D time series of microfossils recording environmental conditions in the Baltic Sea entrance from the period early industrial (the 1800s) to present-day (the 2010s). The size of the dataset is 57 GB. Please contact the main author for further details.

124 specimens of Elphidium clavatum from 16 sediment layers were scanned. For each specimen, the following files are available: a collection of raw images in TIF format ("cropped" folder), a collection of binary images in TIF format ("mask" folder), a 3D reconstruction in STL format, and two snapshot images of the 3D reconstruction in TIF or PNG format. A voxel size of 0.5 µm was used. The data for each specimen is stored in a folder named as follows: DV(sediment depth in cm)-sp(specimen number)-(estimated year), e.g., “DV1-sp2-2013” (sediment depth: 1 cm, specimen 2, estimated year 2013). Examples of suitable software for handling the files include ImageJ and MeshLab.

Total number of files: 69,652 (plus a readme file with documentation) Total number of folders: 390 Dataset size: 57,1 GB

Microfossil (benthic foraminifera) and coordinate/elevation data were obtained from sediments collected in the coastal zones of Mississippi and Alabama, including marsh and estuarine environments of eastern Mississippi Sound and Mobile Bay, in order to develop a census for coastal environments and to aid in paleoenvironmental reconstruction. These data provide a baseline dataset for use in future wetland and estuarine change studies and assessments, both descriptive and predictive types. The data presented here were collected as part of the U.S. Geological Survey’s Sea-level and Storm Impacts on Estuarine Environments and Shorelines (SSIEES) project (https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/ssiees), Barrier Island Evolution Research (BIER) project (https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/bier), and National Fish and Wildlife Foundation-funded Alabama Barrier Island Restoration Feasibility Study (a collaborative study between the U.S. Army Corp of Engineers, Mobile District; the State of Alabama; and the U ...

Here we provide an extensive image library of Globoconella puncticulata, with accompanying 2D and 3D coordinate data and morphometric measurements. This data was generated using high-throughput imaging methods (AutoMorph) developed in P.M. Hull's lab at Yale University. This dataset accompanies the manuscript: Brombacher, J.A., Elder, L.E., Hull, P.M., Wilson, P.A. and Ezard, T.H.(In Press) Calibration of test diameter and area as proxies for body size in the planktonic foraminifera Globoconella puncticulata. Journal of Foraminiferal Research. The manuscript describes important details related to data collection and usage and should be consulted before using the data provided here.

Samples were obtained from three sites in the Atlantic Ocean: equatorial Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 925, subtropical ODP Site 659, and mid-latitude Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Site U1313. 1233 individual foraminifera of the species Globoconella puncticulata were picked from these samples to be imaged. Nine slides of microfossils were imaged at multiple focal heights (z-planes; 31.1um step distance) using a light microscope with an automated stage and processed with the image processing models of AutoMorph. AutoMorph software and tutorials can be accessed here: https://github.com/HullLab. For an example of a raw slide scan see: Hsiang, Allison Y., Nelson, Kaylea, Elder, Leanne E., Liu, Yusu, & Hull, Pincelli M. (2016). Slide scan example for Automorph. Zenodo. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.167557. Slides were named with the IODP or ODP site number. Each slide was imaged with the foraminifera arranged in 2-3 orientations (i.e., umbilical, spiral, and/or edge).

One of the nine slide was imaged with both light and computed tomography in order to compare the volumetric data obtained from the two approaches. This slide had 6 individual foraminifera. All individuals imaged with this combination of approaches have ‘CTscan’ included in the file name. This AutoMorph/CT scanned slide was imaged from three orientations (umbilical, spiral, and edge) and with two z-step distances (distance between imaged focal planes on the z-axis) of 11.2 um and 31.31 um.

Images and morphometric data are provided in 9 datasets detailed below. Do note: our slide scanning technique often identifies background light scatter and/or other slide debris (glue, shell fragments, etc.) as ‘objects’, and these objects are numbered in sequence. We have excluded all non-foraminiferal objects from the datasets below, so the object numbers of the foraminifera will often be discontinuous (i.e.: 2,3,4,10,11,16).

1) 2d_coordinates.tar provides the 2D coordinates of each successfully extracted orientation from the 1233 individual Globoconella puncticulata (2811 total successfully extracted orientations) in a single csv (all2dcoordinates.csv). 2d_coordinates.tar also provides a csv for each slide scan at a particular orientation (26 slide scans: 4 samples imaged in 3 orientations, 4 samples imaged in 2 orientations, and 1 sample imaged from 3 orientations with two different 2 Z-step sizes per orientations (i.e., 6 scans for the one sample)).

2) 2dmorph_data_all.tar contains all Globoconella puncticulata with 2D measurements extracted by the AutoMorph routine run2morph (2811 total successfully extracted orientations), and a text file listing all objects with failed 2D extractions and non-forminiferal objects.

3) 2d_outline_check.tar provides an overlay of the extracted 2D outline on the Globoconella puncticulata EDF for quality control purposes for all extracted Globoconella puncticulata (2811 total successfully extracted orientations).

5) 3d_obj_files.tar provides directories for each slide scan with the 3D mesh coordinates as obj files for each extracted Globoconella puncticulata (2270 total successfully extracted orientations). Note: more 3D extractions failed than 2D extractions, accounting for the difference in the number of 2D extractions (2811) and 3D extractions (2270).

6) 3d_pdfs.tar provides directories of each slide scan with the 3D pdfs of each Globoconella puncticulata extracted (2270 total successfully extracted orientations) for quality control purposes. 3D pdfs, meshes and shape measurements were generated by the AutoMorph module run3dmorph. Note that only some pdf viewers are able to display 3d pdfs properly.

4) 3dmorph_data.tar contains a csv file for each slide scan with the 3d measurements generated for each Globoconella puncticulata by the AutoMorph module run3dmorph (2270 total successfully extracted objects in 26 directories representing each slide scan at a particular orientation).

7) object_ edf_images.tar contains the extended depth of focus (EDF)images in 26-directories for each slide scan at a particular orientation. The EDFs are 2D image composites created from the z-stacked photographic images by the AutoMorph focus module. Together, the 26-directories contain 2811 total images representing the successfully extracted 2D orientations.

8) sampleID.csv is a csv of all sample information. This includes the Slide name for the physical slide each sample is on, the Object number on that slide scan for each foraminifera used in the study, and the Ocean Drilling Program information for each object. Ocean Drilling Program details consist of the Leg: the Leg number for the drilling cruise, Site: the Ocean Drilling Program collection site number, the Hole: the drilling hole ID, the Core: the Core number from that drilling site, the core Type: the type of drilling equipment used (H for all these samples which is an advanced hydraulic piston core), the Section: the section number on the core, and the Top and Bottom: the sample top and bottom interval in cm from the top of the section.

9) slide_images_boxed.tar contains one image for each slide view at a particular orientation 26 slide scans: 4 samples imaged in 3 orientations, 4 samples imaged in 2 orientations, and 1 sample imaged from 3 orientations with two different 2 Z-step sizes per orientations (i.e., 6 scans for the one sample). A red box delineates each object extracted using the AutoMorph segment module. Slides are named according to their ocean drilling sample identification (see dataset #10).

10) z-stacks.tar.gz contains the original z-stack images of each Globoconella puncticulata (2811 total representing the successfully extracted 2D orientations) in 26 directories representing each slide scan at a particular orientation).

Physical inspection and sorting of foraminifera is a necessity in many research labs, as foraminifera serve as paleoenvironmental and chronostratigraphic indicators. In order to gain counts of species from samples, analyze chemical compositions, or extract morphological properties of foraminifera, research labs require human effort and time handling and sorting these microscopic fossils. The presented information supports Forabot, an open-source system that can physically manipulate individual foraminifera for imaging and isolation with minimal human interaction. The associated data, codebase, and documentation support building a Forabot and confirming results related to processing raw image data, error detection results, and proof of concept deep classification network.

Foraminifera used in this study, symbiont type and collection data.

Microfossil (benthic foraminifera) and coordinate/elevation data were obtained from sediments collected in the coastal zones of Mississippi and Alabama, including marsh and estuarine environments of eastern Mississippi Sound and Mobile Bay, in order to develop a census for coastal environments and to aid in paleoenvironmental reconstruction. These data provide a baseline dataset for use in future wetland and estuarine change studies and assessments, both descriptive and predictive types. The data presented here were collected as part of the U.S. Geological Survey’s Sea-level and Storm Impacts on Estuarine Environments and Shorelines (SSIEES) project (https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/ssiees), Barrier Island Evolution Research (BIER) project (https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/bier), and National Fish and Wildlife Foundation-funded Alabama Barrier Island Restoration Feasibility Study (a collaborative study between the U.S. Army Corp of Engineers, Mobile District; the State of Alabama; and the USGS [https://www.usgs.gov/centers/spcmsc/science/alabama-barrier-island-restoration-study]). These projects aim to assess ecological and societal vulnerability that results from long- and short-term physical changes to barrier islands and coastal wetlands. Four sampling surveys were conducted between 2013 and 2016: 13BIM01 (14–18 April 2013; no FA numbering), 14CCT01 (15–19 September 2014; 2014-323-FA), 15BIM09 (18–20 August 2015; 2015-322-FA), and 16CCT03 (16–17 May 2016; 2016-331-FA). During the four trips, 168 replicate sedimentary samples were collected from 86 marsh and estuarine locations. The sediment samples were collected from various coastal environments, stained in the field with rose Bengal (rB) to indicate life, processed in the laboratory to four size fractions (63–125 μm, 125–250 μm, 250–850 μm, and >850 μm), of which the 125–250 μm and 250–850 μm fractions were picked at equal proportions of total sample and reported combined (125–850 μm). Foraminifera were identified to species level under a binocular microscope and counted to establish a census. For further information regarding foraminiferal collection and/or processing methods, refer to Ellis and others (2017). For related datasets from the Mississippi Sound area, please refer to Ellis and others (2017) and DeWitt and others (2017).

Database of benthic foraminiferal species abundances from surface sediments of the Ría de Vigo (NW Iberian margin) and the adjacent continental shelf. This collection of benthic foraminiferal species covers a wide range of environmental conditions within the Ría, from the shallowest assemblages influenced by estuarine processes in the inner Ría to the deepest and marine influenced assemblages in the outer Ría and continental shelf.

This dataset includes baseline assemblage measurements from benthic foraminifera throughout the Gulf of Mexico. The dataset is a compilation of seafloor surface benthic foraminifera assemblages from sediment cores collected on multiple cruises and field sampling in the Gulf of Mexico from 2010-11-18 to 2017-05-22. The dataset contains the Gulf-wide diversity indices and the full benthic taxonomic counts for two regions: Cuba and the southern Gulf of Mexico. The Gulf-wide file contains the total density and diversity calculations using Fisher’s Alpha and Shannon indices from the surface-most sub-sample from each core (typically 0-2 mm). The Gulf-wide spreadsheet is comprised of data from the surface sub-sample taxonomic counts corresponding to the southern Gulf (data included in this dataset and under GRIIDC Unique Dataset Identifier (UDI) R4.x267.000:0114, DOI:10.7266/n7-xh2e-et70), northern Gulf of Mexico (available under GRIIDC Unique Dataset Identifier (UDI) R4.x267.179:0018, DOI:10.7266/N7CR5RDS) and Cuba (full taxonomic counts data included in this dataset).