The foreclosure rate in the United States has experienced significant fluctuations over the past two decades, reaching its peak in 2010 at **** percent following the financial crisis. Since then, the rate has steadily declined, with a notable drop to **** percent in 2021 due to government interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2024, the rate stood slightly higher at **** percent but remained well below historical averages, indicating a relatively stable housing market. Impact of economic conditions on foreclosures The foreclosure rate is closely tied to broader economic trends and housing market conditions. During the aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis, the share of non-performing mortgage loans climbed significantly, with loans 90 to 180 days past due reaching *** percent. Since then, the share of seriously delinquent loans has dropped notably, demonstrating a substantial improvement in mortgage performance. Among other things, the improved mortgage performance has to do with changes in the mortgage approval process. Homebuyers are subject to much stricter lending standards, such as higher credit score requirements. These changes ensure that borrowers can meet their payment obligations and are at a lower risk of defaulting and losing their home. Challenges for potential homebuyers Despite the low foreclosure rates, potential homebuyers face significant challenges in the current market. Homebuyer sentiment worsened substantially in 2021 and remained low across all age groups through 2024, with the 45 to 64 age group expressing the most negative outlook. Factors contributing to this sentiment include high housing costs and various financial obligations. For instance, in 2023, ** percent of non-homeowners reported that student loan expenses hindered their ability to save for a down payment.

The number of properties with foreclosure filings in the United States declined in 2024, but remained below the pre-pandemic level. Foreclosure filings were reported on approximately 322,100 properties, which was about 34,900 fewer than in 2023. Despite the decrease, 2024 saw one of the lowest foreclosure rates on record.

2020 Foreclosure Properties registered with the LAHD from January 1, 2020 through December 31, 2020.

In the second quarter of 2024, the share one-to-four family residential mortgage loans entering the foreclosure process in the U.S. was **** percent. Following the coronavirus pandemic outbreak in 2020, mortgage delinquency rates surged, followed by a gradual decline. Between the second quarter of 2020 and the first quarter of 2022, foreclosures remained at record low levels due to The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act).

This statistic presents the share of federal housing administration loans entering the foreclosure process in the United States from 2000 to 2018. The share of federal housing administration loans entering the foreclosure process decreased from *** percent in 2000 to * percent in 2018.

Under the effects of the coronavirus pandemic, delinquency rates surged for all loan types in 2020. Nevertheless, due the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act), foreclosure rates remained low.

Millions of Americans Are About to Lose Their Homes. Congress Must Help Them. -https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/23/opinion/coronavirus-evictions-rent.htmlWhere to Prioritize Emergency Rental Assistance to Keep Renters in Their Homes - https://www.urban.org/features/where-prioritize-emergency-rental-assistance-keep-renters-their-homesDATASET - https://datacatalog.urban.org/dataset/rental-assistance-priority-index

Analysis of ‘2020 Registered Foreclosure Properties’ provided by Analyst-2 (analyst-2.ai), based on source dataset retrieved from https://catalog.data.gov/dataset/548b5fad-cb01-4deb-a0fa-d36dacd0b681 on 30 September 2021.

--- Dataset description provided by original source is as follows ---

2020 Foreclosure Properties registered with the HCIDLA from January 1, 2020 through December 31, 2020.

--- Original source retains full ownership of the source dataset ---

The percentage of properties where the lending company or loan servicer has filed a foreclosure proceeding with the Baltimore City Circuit Court out of all residential properties within an area. This is not a measure of actual foreclosures since not every property that receives a filing results in a property dispossession. Source: Baltimore City Circuit Court Years Available: 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020

The percentage of properties where the lending company or loan servicer has filed a foreclosure proceeding with the Baltimore City Circuit Court out of all residential properties within an area. This is not a measure of actual foreclosures since not every property that receives a filing results in a property dispossession. Source: Baltimore City Circuit Court Years Available: 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020

Financial institutions that have filed an exemption for participation in foreclosure mediation in 2020, pursuant to SB 558.

Following the drastic increase directly after the COVID-19 pandemic, the delinquency rate started to gradually decline, falling below *** percent in the second quarter of 2023. In the second half of 2023, the delinquency rate picked up, but remained stable throughout 2024. In the first quarter of 2025, **** percent of mortgage loans were delinquent. That was significantly lower than the **** percent during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 or the peak of *** percent during the subprime mortgage crisis of 2007-2010. What does the mortgage delinquency rate tell us? The mortgage delinquency rate is the share of the total number of mortgaged home loans in the U.S. where payment is overdue by 30 days or more. Many borrowers eventually manage to service their loan, though, as indicated by the markedly lower foreclosure rates. Total home mortgage debt in the U.S. stood at almost ** trillion U.S. dollars in 2024. Not all mortgage loans are made equal ‘Subprime’ loans, being targeted at high-risk borrowers and generally coupled with higher interest rates to compensate for the risk. These loans have far higher delinquency rates than conventional loans. Defaulting on such loans was one of the triggers for the 2007-2010 financial crisis, with subprime delinquency rates reaching almost ** percent around this time. These higher delinquency rates translate into higher foreclosure rates, which peaked at just under ** percent of all subprime mortgages in 2011.

The portion of the homes and condominiums sold that were identified as being owned by the bank (REO) out of all residential properties sold in a calendar year. Source: RBIntel Years Available: 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023

United States HH Debt: Consumer Foreclosures data was reported at 74.860 NA th in Mar 2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 71.420 NA th for Dec 2019. United States HH Debt: Consumer Foreclosures data is updated quarterly, averaging 170.480 NA th from Sep 1999 (Median) to Mar 2020, with 83 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 566.180 NA th in Jun 2009 and a record low of 64.360 NA th in Sep 2018. United States HH Debt: Consumer Foreclosures data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal Reserve Bank of New York. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.KB027: Household Debt.

Analysis of ‘2020 Foreclosure Avoidance Mediation Beneficiary Exemption Affidavits Pursuant To SB 558’ provided by Analyst-2 (analyst-2.ai), based on source dataset retrieved from https://catalog.data.gov/dataset/fe69d783-7fe8-4ac8-9ec7-c73938c2fea6 on 26 January 2022.

--- Dataset description provided by original source is as follows ---

Financial institutions that have filed an exemption for participation in foreclosure mediation in 2020, pursuant to SB 558.

--- Original source retains full ownership of the source dataset ---

This statistic presents the share of veterans administration loans entering the foreclosure process in the United States from 2000 to 2018. The share of veterans administration loans entering the foreclosure process decreased from 1.5 percent in 2000 to 1.1 percent in 2018.

Under the effects of the coronavirus pandemic, delinquency rates surged for all loan types in 2020. Nevertheless, due the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act), foreclosure rates remained low.

Graph and download economic data for Delinquency Rate on Single-Family Residential Mortgages, Booked in Domestic Offices, All Commercial Banks (DRSFRMACBS) from Q1 1991 to Q1 2025 about domestic offices, delinquencies, 1-unit structures, mortgage, family, residential, commercial, domestic, banks, depository institutions, rate, and USA.

This statistic presents the share of prime conventional loans in the foreclosure process in the United States from 2005 to 2018. The share of prime conventional loans in the foreclosure process was 0.9 percent in 2005 and it remained the same in 2018. Under the effects of the coronavirus pandemic, delinquency rates surged for all loan types in 2020. Nevertheless, due the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act), foreclosure rates remained low.

Abstract

Historical tax assessment data for all U.S. states, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, and Washington, D.C. Each table represents a previous edition of CoreLogic's tax assessment data.

The CoreLogic Smart Data Platform (SDP) Historical Property data was formerly known as the CoreLogic Tax History data. The CoreLogic SDP Historical Property data is an enhanced version of the CoreLogic Tax History data. The CoreLogic SDP Historical Property data contains almost all of the variables that were included in the CoreLogic Tax History data, as well as additional property-level characteristics.

Methodology

In the United States, parcel data is public record information that describes a division of land (also referred to as "property" or "real estate"). Each parcel is given a unique identifier called an Assessor’s Parcel Number or APN. The two principal types of records maintained by county government agencies for each parcel of land are deed and property tax records. When a real estate transaction takes place (e.g. a change in ownership), a property deed must be signed by both the buyer and seller. The deed will then be filed with the County Recorder’s offices, sometimes called the County Clerk-Recorder or other similar title. Property tax records are maintained by County Tax Assessor’s offices; they show the amount of taxes assessed on a parcel and include a detailed description of any structures or buildings on the parcel, including year built, square footages, building type, amenities like a pool, etc. There is not a uniform format for storing parcel data across the thousands of counties and county equivalents in the U.S.; laws and regulations governing real estate/property sales vary by state. Counties and county equivalents also have inconsistent approaches to archiving historical parcel data.

To fill researchers’ needs for uniform parcel data, CoreLogic collects, cleans, and normalizes public records that they collect from U.S. County Assessor and Recorder offices. CoreLogic augments this data with information gathered from other public and non-public sources (e.g., loan issuers, real estate agents, landlords, etc.). The Stanford Libraries has purchased bulk extracts from CoreLogic’s parcel data, including mortgage, owner transfer, pre-foreclosure, and historical and contemporary tax assessment data. Data is bundled into pipe-delimited text files, which are uploaded to Data Farm (Redivis) for preview, extraction and analysis.

For more information about how the data was prepared for Redivis, please see CoreLogic 2024 GitLab.

Usage

Each table contains an archived snapshot of the property data, roughly corresponding to the following assessed years:

• Historical Property 1 = 2022-2023
• Historical Property 2 = 2021-2022
• Historical Property 3 = 2020-2021
• Historical Property 4 = 2019-2020
• Historical Property 5 = 2018-2019
• Historical Property 6 = 2017-2018
• Historical Property 7 = 2016-2017
• Historical Property 8 = 2015-2016
• Historical Property 9 = 2014-2015
• Historical Property 10 = 2013-2014
• Historical Property 11 = 2012-2013
• Historical Property 12 = 2011-2012
• Historical Property 13 = 2010-2011
• Historical Property 14 = 2009-2010
• Historical Property 15 = 2008-2009

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Users can check theASSESSED_YEAR variable to confirm the year of assessment.

Roughly speaking, the tables use the following census geographies:

• 2020 Census Tract: Historical Property 1-2
• 2010 Census Tract: Historical Property 3 – 12
• 2000 Census Tract: Historical Property 13 – 15

%3C!-- --%3E

The Property, Mortgage, Owner Transfer, Historical Property and Pre-Foreclosure data can be linked on the CLIP, a unique identification number assigned to each property.

For more information about included variables, please see **core_logic_sdp_historical_property_data_dictionary_2024.txt **and Historical Property_v3.xlsx.

Under Supporting files, users can also find record counts per FIPS code for each edition of the Historical Property data.

For more information about how the CoreLogic Smart Data Platform: Historical Property data compares to legacy data, please see core_logic_legacy_content_mapping.pdf.

Bulk Data Access

Data access is required to view this section.

The portion of the homes and condominiums sold that were identified as being owned by the bank (REO) out of all residential properties sold in a calendar year. Source: RBIntel Years Available: 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023

Abstract

Tax assessment data for all U.S. states, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, and Washington, D.C., as of June 2024.

The CoreLogic Smart Data Platform (SDP) Property data was formerly known as the CoreLogic Tax data. The CoreLogic SDP Property data is an enhanced version of the CoreLogic Tax data. The CoreLogic SDP Property data contains almost all of the variables that were included in the CoreLogic Tax data, and its records are augmented with additional property-level characteristics.

Methodology

In the United States, parcel data is public record information that describes a division of land (also referred to as "property" or "real estate"). Each parcel is given a unique identifier called an Assessor’s Parcel Number or APN. The two principal types of records maintained by county government agencies for each parcel of land are deed and property tax records. When a real estate transaction takes place (e.g. a change in ownership), a property deed must be signed by both the buyer and seller. The deed will then be filed with the County Recorder’s offices, sometimes called the County Clerk-Recorder or other similar title. Property tax records are maintained by County Tax Assessor’s offices; they show the amount of taxes assessed on a parcel and include a detailed description of any structures or buildings on the parcel, including year built, square footages, building type, amenities like a pool, etc. There is not a uniform format for storing parcel data across the thousands of counties and county equivalents in the U.S.; laws and regulations governing real estate/property sales vary by state. Counties and county equivalents also have inconsistent approaches to archiving historical parcel data.

To fill researchers’ needs for uniform parcel data, CoreLogic collects, cleans, and normalizes public records that they collect from U.S. County Assessor and Recorder offices. CoreLogic augments this data with information gathered from other public and non-public sources (e.g., loan issuers, real estate agents, landlords, etc.). The Stanford Libraries has purchased bulk extracts from CoreLogic’s parcel data, including mortgage, owner transfer, pre-foreclosure, and historical and contemporary tax assessment data. Data is bundled into pipe-delimited text files, which are uploaded to Data Farm (Redivis) for preview, extraction and analysis.

For more information about how the data was prepared for Redivis, please see CoreLogic 2024 GitLab.

Usage

The Property, Mortgage, Owner Transfer, Historical Property and Pre-Foreclosure data can be linked on the CLIP, a unique identification number assigned to each property.

Census tracts are based on the 2020 census.

For more information about included variables, please see **core_logic_sdp_property_data_dictionary_2024.txt **and Property_v3.xlsx.

For a count of records per FIPS code, please see core_logic_sdp_property_counts_2024.txt.

For more information about how the CoreLogic Smart Data Platform: Property data compares to legacy data, please see core_logic_legacy_content_mapping.pdf.

Bulk Data Access

Data access is required to view this section.