As of December 30, 2024, the major economy with the highest yield on 10-year government bonds was Turkey, with a yield of ***** percent. This is due to the risks investors take when investing in Turkey, notably due to high inflation rates potentially eradicating any profits made when using a foreign currency to investing in securities denominated in Turkish lira. Of the major developed economies, United States had one the highest yield on 10-year government bonds at this time with **** percent, while Switzerland had the lowest at **** percent. How does inflation influence the yields of government bonds? Inflation reduces purchasing power over time. Due to this, investors seek higher returns to offset the anticipated decrease in purchasing power resulting from rapid price rises. In countries with high inflation, government bond yields often incorporate investor expectations and risk premiums, resulting in comparatively higher rates offered by these bonds. Why are government bond rates significant? Government bond rates are an important indicator of financial markets, serving as a benchmark for borrowing costs, interest rates, and investor sentiment. They affect the cost of government borrowing, influence the price of various financial instruments, and serve as a reflection of expectations regarding inflation and economic growth. For instance, in financial analysis and investing, people often use the 10-year U.S. government bond rates as a proxy for the longer-term risk-free rate.

In January 2020, prior to the onset of the global coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, three of the seven largest economies by GDP had negative yields for two-year government bonds (Japan, Germany and France). With the onset of the pandemic, two-year bond yields in these countries actually rose slightly - in contrast to the other major economies, where yields fell over this period. As of December 2024, yields for two-year government bonds exhibited fluctuations across all countries. Notably, Japan showed a slight upward trend, while China experienced a modest decline.Negative yields assume that investors lack confidence in economic growth, meaning many investments (such as stocks) may lose value. Therefore, it is preferable to take a small loss on government debt that carries almost no risk to the investor, than risk a larger loss on other investments. As both the yen and euro are considered very safe assets, Japanese, German and French bonds were already being held by many investors prior to the pandemic as a hedge against economic downturn. Therefore, with the announcement of fiscal responses to the pandemic by many governments around March 2020, the value of these assets rose as confidence increased (slightly) that the worst case may be avoided. At the same time, yields on bonds with a higher return fell, as investors sought out investments with a higher return that were still considered safe.

In March 2025, the average yield on ten-year government bonds in the United States was 4.27 percent. This was the highest of the selected developed economies considered in this statistic. Except Germany, Luxembourg, and Japan, all countries had a yield higher than three on their government bonds. Bonds and yields – additional information The bond yield indicates the level of return that the investor can expect from a given type of bond. The government of Italy, for instance, offered the investors 3.9 percent yield on ten-year government bonds for borrowing their money in March 2025. In the United States, government needs are also financed by selling various debt instruments such as Treasury bills, notes, bonds and savings bonds to investors. The largest holders of U.S. debt are the Federal Reserve and Government accounts in the United States. The major foreign holders of the United States treasury securities are Japan, Mainland China, and the United Kingdom.

Government Bond Yield: Daily: 10 Years data was reported at 7.300 % in 03 Jul 2019. This records an increase from the previous number of 7.240 % for 02 Jul 2019. Government Bond Yield: Daily: 10 Years data is updated daily, averaging 10.410 % from Jan 2016 (Median) to 03 Jul 2019, with 852 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 16.890 % in 26 Jan 2016 and a record low of 7.240 % in 02 Jul 2019. Government Bond Yield: Daily: 10 Years data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Treasury Secretariat. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Interest and Foreign Exchange Rates – Table BR.MI001: Government Bonds Yield. Public Title name: NTN-F 2027 Available rate for the investor to resell the title to the National Treasury. The selling rate is always slightly higher than the purchase rate to protect National Treasury from fluctuations between one pricing and another. Disclose only the selling price at opening.

Government Bond Yield: Daily: 10 Years: Maturity 2035 data was reported at 13.950 % in 12 May 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 13.970 % for 09 May 2025. Government Bond Yield: Daily: 10 Years: Maturity 2035 data is updated daily, averaging 12.300 % from Feb 2024 (Median) to 12 May 2025, with 313 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 15.400 % in 09 Apr 2025 and a record low of 10.730 % in 07 Feb 2024. Government Bond Yield: Daily: 10 Years: Maturity 2035 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Treasury Secretariat. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Interest and Foreign Exchange Rates – Table BR.MI008: Tesouro Direto: Government Bonds Yield: by Maturity: 2035.

Graph and download economic data for Interest Rates: Long-Term Government Bond Yields: 10-Year: Main (Including Benchmark) for United States (IRLTLT01USM156N) from Apr 1953 to May 2025 about long-term, 10-year, bonds, yield, government, interest rate, interest, rate, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Money Market Funds; Corporate and Foreign Bonds, Excluding Foreign Sovereign Bonds; Asset, Transactions (BOGZ1FA633063003A) from 1946 to 2024 about sovereign, MMMF, foreign, transactions, bonds, assets, and USA.

China Bond Yield: Treasury Bond: 10 Year data was reported at 1.679 % pa in 16 May 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.680 % pa for 15 May 2025. China Bond Yield: Treasury Bond: 10 Year data is updated daily, averaging 3.254 % pa from Mar 2006 (Median) to 16 May 2025, with 4806 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.722 % pa in 20 Nov 2013 and a record low of 1.596 % pa in 06 Feb 2025. China Bond Yield: Treasury Bond: 10 Year data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by China Central Depository & Clearing Co., Ltd. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MF: PBC & CCDC: Treasury Bond and Other Bond Yield: Daily.

As of April 16, 2025, the yield for a ten-year U.S. government bond was 4.34 percent, while the yield for a two-year bond was 3.86 percent. This represents an inverted yield curve, whereby bonds of longer maturities provide a lower yield, reflecting investors' expectations for a decline in long-term interest rates. Hence, making long-term debt holders open to more risk under the uncertainty around the condition of financial markets in the future. That markets are uncertain can be seen by considering both the short-term fluctuations, and the long-term downward trend, of the yields of U.S. government bonds from 2006 to 2021, before the treasury yield curve increased again significantly in the following years. What are government bonds? Government bonds, otherwise called ‘sovereign’ or ‘treasury’ bonds, are financial instruments used by governments to raise money for government spending. Investors give the government a certain amount of money (the ‘face value’), to be repaid at a specified time in the future (the ‘maturity date’). In addition, the government makes regular periodic interest payments (called ‘coupon payments’). Once initially issued, government bonds are tradable on financial markets, meaning their value can fluctuate over time (even though the underlying face value and coupon payments remain the same). Investors are attracted to government bonds as, provided the country in question has a stable economy and political system, they are a very safe investment. Accordingly, in periods of economic turmoil, investors may be willing to accept a negative overall return in order to have a safe haven for their money. For example, once the market value is compared to the total received from remaining interest payments and the face value, investors have been willing to accept a negative return on two-year German government bonds between 2014 and 2021. Conversely, if the underlying economy and political structures are weak, investors demand a higher return to compensate for the higher risk they take on. Consequently, the return on bonds in emerging markets like Brazil are consistently higher than that of the United States (and other developed economies). Inverted yield curves When investors are worried about the financial future, it can lead to what is called an ‘inverted yield curve’. An inverted yield curve is where investors pay more for short term bonds than long term, indicating they do not have confidence in long-term financial conditions. Historically, the yield curve has historically inverted before each of the last five U.S. recessions. The last U.S. yield curve inversion occurred at several brief points in 2019 – a trend which continued until the Federal Reserve cut interest rates several times over that year. However, the ultimate trigger for the next recession was the unpredicted, exogenous shock of the global coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, showing how such informal indicators may be grounded just as much in coincidence as causation.

The yield on Brazil 10Y Bond Yield eased to 13.59% on June 30, 2025, marking a 0.34 percentage point decrease from the previous session. Over the past month, the yield has fallen by 0.42 points, though it remains 1.16 points higher than a year ago, according to over-the-counter interbank yield quotes for this government bond maturity. Brazil 10-Year Government Bond Yield - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on July of 2025.

Bond Fund Sales Market Outlook

The bond fund sales market size was valued at approximately USD 10 trillion in 2023 and is projected to reach around USD 15 trillion by 2032, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.5%. This growth is primarily driven by increasing investor demand for stable and diversified income streams amidst global economic uncertainties. The market size expansion is fostered by factors such as an aging global population seeking more conservative investment options, heightened volatility in equity markets, and favorable regulatory changes supporting bond fund investments.

One of the primary growth factors for the bond fund sales market is the demographic shift towards an aging population, particularly in developed regions such as North America and Europe. As more individuals approach retirement age, there is a heightened need for investment products that offer steady income with reduced risk exposure. Bond funds, known for their relatively stable returns and lower volatility compared to equity funds, serve as an attractive option for this demographic. Additionally, the increasing life expectancy rates globally are pushing retirees to seek long-term investment solutions that can provide consistent income streams over extended periods.

Another significant growth driver is the evolving regulatory landscape that favors bond investments. Governments and financial regulatory bodies in various regions are implementing rules and guidelines that promote transparency and investor protection in the bond markets. These regulatory changes increase investor confidence and make bond funds more appealing to both retail and institutional investors. Furthermore, the introduction of green bonds and other socially responsible investment (SRI) products within the bond fund market is drawing interest from a growing segment of environmentally and socially conscious investors.

Technological advancements and the proliferation of digital investment platforms are also contributing to the growth of the bond fund sales market. Online platforms and robo-advisors are making it easier for retail investors to access and manage bond fund investments with lower fees and greater convenience. These platforms provide investors with tools and resources to make informed investment decisions, thereby increasing the participation rate of individual investors in the bond market. This digital transformation is democratizing access to bond funds and expanding the market's reach across various investor segments.

Regionally, the bond fund sales market exhibits diverse growth patterns. North America and Europe are expected to maintain their dominance due to their mature financial markets and high levels of investor awareness and engagement. However, the Asia-Pacific region is anticipated to exhibit the highest CAGR during the forecast period, driven by rapid economic growth, rising disposable incomes, and increasing investor sophistication. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa regions are also witnessing growing interest in bond funds, albeit at a slower pace, as these markets gradually develop and integrate into the global financial system.

Fund Type Analysis

Government bond funds are a cornerstone of the bond fund market, offering investors a relatively low-risk investment option backed by government securities. These funds have been traditionally appealing to risk-averse investors, including retirees and conservative institutional investors. The demand for government bond funds is amplified during periods of economic uncertainty, as they are perceived as safe havens. The increasing issuance of government bonds to finance fiscal stimulus and infrastructure projects globally is also contributing to the growth of this segment. Moreover, central banks' policies, such as quantitative easing, have increased the liquidity and attractiveness of these bonds.

Corporate bond funds represent a significant portion of the bond fund market, providing higher yields compared to government bonds, albeit with increased risk. These funds invest in bonds issued by corporations to finance their operations and expansions. The corporate bond market is highly dynamic, with companies frequently entering and exiting the market based on their financing needs and credit ratings. The growth of this segment is supported by strong corporate earnings and favorable economic conditions that enhance companies' ability to service their debt. Additionally, the trend towards globalization and cross-border investments is expanding the market for corporate bond funds.

The yield on Pakistan 10Y Bond Yield eased to 12.30% on June 27, 2025, marking a 0.02 percentage point decrease from the previous session. Over the past month, the yield has edged up by 0.02 points, though it remains 1.77 points lower than a year ago, according to over-the-counter interbank yield quotes for this government bond maturity. Pakistan 10-Year Government Bond Yield - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on June of 2025.

Graph and download economic data for Interest Rates, Government Securities, Treasury Bills for Brazil (INTGSTBRM193N) from Jan 1995 to Apr 2025 about Brazil, bills, securities, Treasury, government, interest rate, interest, and rate.

Graph and download economic data for Interest Rates, Government Securities, Government Bonds for Republic of Korea (INTGSBKRM193N) from May 1973 to Feb 2025 about Korea, bonds, securities, government, interest rate, interest, and rate.

Germany DE: Government Bond Yield: Long Term data was reported at 0.283 % pa in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.090 % pa for 2016. Germany DE: Government Bond Yield: Long Term data is updated yearly, averaging 6.233 % pa from Dec 1957 (Median) to 2017, with 61 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 10.383 % pa in 1974 and a record low of 0.090 % pa in 2016. Germany DE: Government Bond Yield: Long Term data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.IMF.IFS: Treasury Bill and Government Securities Rates: Annual.

The yield on Nigeria 10Y Bond Yield rose to 18.64% on June 27, 2025, marking a 0.07 percentage point increase from the previous session. Over the past month, the yield has fallen by 1.12 points and is 1.04 points lower than a year ago, according to over-the-counter interbank yield quotes for this government bond maturity. Nigeria 10-Year Government Bond Yield - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on July of 2025.

Graph and download economic data for Interest Rates, Government Securities, Government Bonds for Italy (INTGSBITM193N) from Jan 1980 to Feb 2025 about Italy, bonds, securities, government, interest rate, interest, and rate.

Graph and download economic data for Equity Real Estate Investment Trusts; Corporate and Foreign Bonds; Liability, Transactions (BOGZ1FA643163083A) from 1946 to 2024 about ereit, foreign, equity, transactions, liabilities, bonds, and USA.

The yield on Mexico 10Y Bond Yield eased to 9.14% on June 27, 2025, marking a 0.03 percentage point decrease from the previous session. Over the past month, the yield has fallen by 0.24 points and is 0.65 points lower than a year ago, according to over-the-counter interbank yield quotes for this government bond maturity. Mexico 10-Year Government Bond Yield - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on June of 2025.

As of December 2024, the countries with the highest 10-year yields are the United Kingdom, the United States and Australia with 4.68, 4.38 and 4.21 percent, respectively. Of the largest economies by GDP, the United States saw the sharpest fall in absolute terms for 10-year government bond yields due to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. From a level of 1.51 percent in January 2020, yields on 10-year government bonds fell to 0.65 percent by April 2020, and had further fallen to 0.53 percent by July 2020 before starting to recover towards the end of the year. Conversely, countries that went into 2020 with already low bond yields like Japan, Germany and France actually saw a small increase in March 2020 - although these already low yields mean that these small changes are significant in relative terms.