The statistic shows the 30 largest countries in the world by area. Russia is the largest country by far, with a total area of about 17 million square kilometers.

Population of Russia

Despite its large area, Russia - nowadays the largest country in the world - has a relatively small total population. However, its population is still rather large in numbers in comparison to those of other countries. In mid-2014, it was ranked ninth on a list of countries with the largest population, a ranking led by China with a population of over 1.37 billion people. In 2015, the estimated total population of Russia amounted to around 146 million people. The aforementioned low population density in Russia is a result of its vast landmass; in 2014, there were only around 8.78 inhabitants per square kilometer living in the country. Most of the Russian population lives in the nation’s capital and largest city, Moscow: In 2015, over 12 million people lived in the metropolis.

Russia is the largest country in Europe, and also the largest in the world, its total size amounting to 17 million square kilometers (km2). It should be noted, however, that over three quarters of Russia is located in Asia, and the Ural mountains are often viewed as the meeting point of the two continents in Russia; nonetheless, European Russia is still significantly larger than any other European country. Ukraine, the second largest country on the continent, is only 603,000 km2, making it about 28 times smaller than its eastern neighbor, or seven times smaller than the European part of Russia. France is the third largest country in Europe, but the largest in the European Union. The Vatican City, often referred to as the Holy Sea, is both the smallest country in Europe and in the world, at just one km2. Population Russia is also the most populous country in Europe. It has around 144 million inhabitants across the country; in this case, around three quarters of the population live in the European part, which still gives it the largest population in Europe. Despite having the largest population, Russia is a very sparsely populated country due to its size and the harsh winters. Germany is the second most populous country in Europe, with 83 million inhabitants, while the Vatican has the smallest population. Worldwide, India and China are the most populous countries, with approximately 1.4 billion inhabitants each. Cities Moscow in Russia is ranked as the most populous city in Europe with around 13 million inhabitants, although figures vary, due to differences in the methodologies used by countries and sources. Some statistics include Istanbul in Turkey* as the largest city in Europe with its 15 million inhabitants, bit it has been excluded here as most of the country and parts of the city is located in Asia. Worldwide, Tokyo is the most populous city, with Jakarta the second largest and Delhi the third.

In 2022, India overtook China as the world's most populous country and now has almost 1.46 billion people. China now has the second-largest population in the world, still with just over 1.4 billion inhabitants, however, its population went into decline in 2023. Global population As of 2025, the world's population stands at almost 8.2 billion people and is expected to reach around 10.3 billion people in the 2080s, when it will then go into decline. Due to improved healthcare, sanitation, and general living conditions, the global population continues to increase; mortality rates (particularly among infants and children) are decreasing and the median age of the world population has steadily increased for decades. As for the average life expectancy in industrial and developing countries, the gap has narrowed significantly since the mid-20th century. Asia is the most populous continent on Earth; 11 of the 20 largest countries are located there. It leads the ranking of the global population by continent by far, reporting four times as many inhabitants as Africa. The Demographic Transition The population explosion over the past two centuries is part of a phenomenon known as the demographic transition. Simply put, this transition results from a drastic reduction in mortality, which then leads to a reduction in fertility, and increase in life expectancy; this interim period where death rates are low and birth rates are high is where this population explosion occurs, and population growth can remain high as the population ages. In today's most-developed countries, the transition generally began with industrialization in the 1800s, and growth has now stabilized as birth and mortality rates have re-balanced. Across less-developed countries, the stage of this transition varies; for example, China is at a later stage than India, which accounts for the change in which country is more populous - understanding the demographic transition can help understand the reason why China's population is now going into decline. The least-developed region is Sub-Saharan Africa, where fertility rates remain close to pre-industrial levels in some countries. As these countries transition, they will undergo significant rates of population growth

In 2025, the United States had the largest economy in the world, with a gross domestic product of over 30 trillion U.S. dollars. China had the second largest economy, at around 19.23 trillion U.S. dollars. Recent adjustments in the list have seen Germany's economy overtake Japan's to become the third-largest in the world in 2023, while Brazil's economy moved ahead of Russia's in 2024. Global gross domestic product Global gross domestic product amounts to almost 110 trillion U.S. dollars, with the United States making up more than one-quarter of this figure alone. The 12 largest economies in the world include all Group of Seven (G7) economies, as well as the four largest BRICS economies. The U.S. has consistently had the world's largest economy since the interwar period, and while previous reports estimated it would be overtaken by China in the 2020s, more recent projections estimate the U.S. economy will remain the largest by a considerable margin going into the 2030s.The gross domestic product of a country is calculated by taking spending and trade into account, to show how much the country can produce in a certain amount of time, usually per year. It represents the value of all goods and services produced during that year. Those countries considered to have emerging or developing economies account for almost 60 percent of global gross domestic product, while advanced economies make up over 40 percent.

The average for 2021 based on 196 countries was 656013 sq. km. The highest value was in Russia: 16376870 sq. km and the lowest value was in Monaco: 2 sq. km. The indicator is available from 1961 to 2022. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

In 2024, Russia had the largest population among European countries at ***** million people. The next largest countries in terms of their population size were Turkey at **** million, Germany at **** million, the United Kingdom at **** million, and France at **** million. Europe is also home to some of the world’s smallest countries, such as the microstates of Liechtenstein and San Marino, with populations of ****** and ****** respectively. Europe’s largest economies Germany was Europe’s largest economy in 2023, with a Gross Domestic Product of around *** trillion Euros, while the UK and France are the second and third largest economies, at *** trillion and *** trillion euros respectively. Prior to the mid-2000s, Europe’s fourth-largest economy, Italy, had an economy that was of a similar sized to France and the UK, before diverging growth patterns saw the UK and France become far larger economies than Italy. Moscow and Istanbul the megacities of Europe Two cities on the eastern borders of Europe were Europe’s largest in 2023. The Turkish city of Istanbul, with a population of 15.8 million, and the Russian capital, Moscow, with a population of 12.7 million. Istanbul is arguably the world’s most famous transcontinental city with territory in both Europe and Asia and has been an important center for commerce and culture for over 2,000 years. Paris was the third largest European city with a population of ** million, with London being the fourth largest at *** million.

The average for 2023 based on 148 countries was 1.95 billion U.S. dollars. The highest value was in Germany: 268.67 billion U.S. dollars and the lowest value was in the USA: -905.38 billion U.S. dollars. The indicator is available from 1960 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

The average for 2023 based on 184 countries was 0.54 percent. The highest value was in the USA: 26.47 percent and the lowest value was in Andorra: 0 percent. The indicator is available from 1980 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

China was the biggest emitter of carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions in 2023, accounting for over ** percent of total global emissions. The world's top four largest polluters were responsible for roughly ** percent of global CO₂ emissions in 2023. Cumulative emissions Although China currently emits the highest levels of CO₂ annually, it has emitted far less than the United States over the past three centuries. Since 1750, the United States has produced more than *** billion metric tons of cumulative carbon dioxide emissions. Global CO₂ emissions have increased dramatically since the birth of the Industrial Revolution, and in 2023 reached a record high. Which countries are reducing emissions? As of 2023, seven of the 20 biggest CO₂ emitters had recorded overall emissions reductions when compared to 1990 levels. The United Kingdom, for example, slashed its carbon emissions by almost ** percent between 1990 and 2023, while Germany recorded reductions of roughly ** percent. In comparison, many developing countries saw their emissions increase massively over the same period.

This statistic shows the age structure in Brazil from 2013 to 2023. In 2023 about 19.94 percent of Brazil's total population were aged 0 to 14 years. Population of Brazil Brazil is the fifth largest country in the world by area and population and the largest in both South America and the Latin American region. With a total population of more than 200 million inhabitants in 2013, Brazil also ranks fifth in terms of population numbers. Brazil is a founding member of the United Nations, the G20, CPLP, and a member of the BRIC countries. BRIC is an acronym for Brazil, Russia, India, and China, the four major emerging market countries. The largest cities in Brazil are São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Salvador. São Paulo alone reports over 11.1 million inhabitants. Due to a steady increase in the life expectancy in Brazil, the average age of the population has also rapidly increased. From 1950 until 2015, the average age of the population increased by an impressive 12 years; in 2015, the average age of the population in Brazil was reported to be around 31 years. As a result of the increasing average age, the percentage of people aged between 15 and 64 years has also increased: In 2013, about 68.4 percent of the population in Brazil was aged between 15 and 64 years.

The average temperature in December 2024 was 38.25 degrees Fahrenheit in the United States, the fourth-largest country in the world. The country has extremely diverse climates across its expansive landmass. Temperatures in the United States On the continental U.S., the southern regions face warm to extremely hot temperatures all year round, the Pacific Northwest tends to deal with rainy weather, the Mid-Atlantic sees all four seasons, and New England experiences the coldest winters in the country. The North American country has experienced an increase in the daily minimum temperatures since 1970. Consequently, the average annual temperature in the United States has seen a spike in recent years. Climate Change The entire world has seen changes in its average temperature as a result of climate change. Climate change occurs due to increased levels of greenhouse gases which act to trap heat in the atmosphere, preventing it from leaving the Earth. Greenhouse gases are emitted from various sectors but most prominently from burning fossil fuels. Climate change has significantly affected the average temperature across countries worldwide. In the United States, an increasing number of people have stated that they have personally experienced the effects of climate change. Not only are there environmental consequences due to climate change, but also economic ones. In 2022, for instance, extreme temperatures in the United States caused over 5.5 million U.S. dollars in economic damage. These economic ramifications occur for several reasons, which include higher temperatures, changes in regional precipitation, and rising sea levels.

The statistic shows the largest countries in South America, based on land area. Brazil is the largest country by far, with a total area of over 8.5 million square kilometers, followed by Argentina, with almost 2.8 million square kilometers.

This dataset provides values for GDP reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

Abstract

The World Values Survey (www.worldvaluessurvey.org) is a global network of social scientists studying changing values and their impact on social and political life, led by an international team of scholars, with the WVS association and secretariat headquartered in Stockholm, Sweden.

The survey, which started in 1981, seeks to use the most rigorous, high-quality research designs in each country. The WVS consists of nationally representative surveys conducted in almost 100 countries which contain almost 90 percent of the world’s population, using a common questionnaire. The WVS is the largest non-commercial, cross-national, time series investigation of human beliefs and values ever executed, currently including interviews with almost 400,000 respondents. Moreover the WVS is the only academic study covering the full range of global variations, from very poor to very rich countries, in all of the world’s major cultural zones.

The WVS seeks to help scientists and policy makers understand changes in the beliefs, values and motivations of people throughout the world. Thousands of political scientists, sociologists, social psychologists, anthropologists and economists have used these data to analyze such topics as economic development, democratization, religion, gender equality, social capital, and subjective well-being. These data have also been widely used by government officials, journalists and students, and groups at the World Bank have analyzed the linkages between cultural factors and economic development.

Geographic coverage

National.

Analysis unit

Household Individual

Universe

Spanish population, both sexes,18 and more years.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Sample size: 1209.

1) Interviewees were distributed proportionally to population in each of the 17 Autonomous Communities (Regions). 2) Interviews were then distributed, within each region, by size-categories of municipalities population. 3) Municipalities are randomly selected within each region and size category. 4) Census regions are randomly selected within each municipality. 5) Random routes are used within each census section to select building. 6) Stages and/or households are randomly selected within each building. 7) Kish tables are used to select individual within each household. The final number of clusters was 131. Lower age cut-off was set at 18 years.

Remarks about sampling: Substitution was permitted after 3-4 attempts to find at home the selected individual or after a definite refusal. All substitutions are selected within the same census section (which is the smallest census unit). The substitution rate is high, a growing problem for every institute doing face-to-face interviewing at Rs home. However, the demographic profile (even cross-tabs) of each sample is similar in all of our studies and similar to census data. Stratification factors used were: Region (17) and Size of Municipality (7 categories). Proportional distribution of interviews to population 18 years and over in both cases was then used.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The English official version WVS questionnaire was used.

Response rate

There were some limitations in the sample. The substitution rate is high, a growing problem for every institute doing face-to-face interviewing at R´s home. However, the demographic profile (even crosstabs) of each sample is similar in all of our studies and similar to census data. - There were selected respondent too sick/incapacitated to participate: 3 - There were selected respondent away during the survey period: 10 - No contact at selected address: 25 - No contact with selected person: 15 - Proxy refusal (on behalf of selected respondent): 10 - Personal refusal by selected respondent: 15 - Full productivity interview: 1209

Sampling error estimates

Estimated error: 2

Abstract

The World Values Survey (www.worldvaluessurvey.org) is a global network of social scientists studying changing values and their impact on social and political life, led by an international team of scholars, with the WVS association and secretariat headquartered in Stockholm, Sweden. The survey, which started in 1981, seeks to use the most rigorous, high-quality research designs in each country. The WVS consists of nationally representative surveys conducted in almost 100 countries which contain almost 90 percent of the world’s population, using a common questionnaire. The WVS is the largest non-commercial, cross-national, time series investigation of human beliefs and values ever executed, currently including interviews with almost 400,000 respondents. Moreover the WVS is the only academic study covering the full range of global variations, from very poor to very rich countries, in all of the world’s major cultural zones. The WVS seeks to help scientists and policy makers understand changes in the beliefs, values and motivations of people throughout the world. Thousands of political scientists, sociologists, social psychologists, anthropologists and economists have used these data to analyze such topics as economic development, democratization, religion, gender equality, social capital, and subjective well-being. These data have also been widely used by government officials, journalists and students, and groups at the World Bank have analyzed the linkages between cultural factors and economic development.

Geographic coverage

This survey covers East and West Germany.

Analysis unit

• Household
• Individual

Universe

The WVS for Germany covers East and West Germany national population, aged 18 years and over, for both sexes.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

East Germany Sampling Procedure:

The sample was designed to be representative of the entire adult population, i.e. 18 years and older, of your country. The lower age cut-off for the sample was 18 and there was not any upper age cut-off for the sample. Population: Total non-institutionalized population of East-Germany, 18 years and older. Four-stage area probability sample: (1) East Germany is divided into strata. For each stratum the desired number of respondents is defined proportionally to population size. (2) Within each stratum the primary sampling units (communities) are selected at random, proportionally to size. (3) Within each primary sampling unit secondary sampling units (mail-code-areas) are randomly selected. The total number of secondary sampling units was 101. (4) Within each secondary sampling unit households as third sampling units are selected at random from the Telekom phoneregister on CD-ROM (D-Info 3.0). (5) Within each household respondent are randomly selected by phone using the (last) birthday method (fourth sampling unit). Selection is done: 46% Male and 54% Female. 86% Urban and 14% Rural. The sample size is N=1009.

Remarks about sampling: - Final numbers of clusters or sampling points: 101 - Sample unit from office sampling: Household

West Germany Sampling Procedure:

The sample was designed to be representative of the entire adult population, i.e. 18 years and older, of your country. The lower age cut-off for the sample was 18 and there was not an upper age cut-off for the sample. Population: Total non-institutionalized population of Germany, 18 years and older. Four stage area probability sample: (1) West Germany is divided into strata. For each stratum the desired number of respondents is defined proportionally to population size. (2) Within each stratum the primary sampling units (communities) are selected at random, proportional to size. (3) Within each primary sampling unit secondary sampling units (mail-code-areas) are randomly selected. The total number of secondary sampling units was 99. (4) Within each secondary sampling unit households as third sampling units are selected at random from the Telekom phone-register on CDROM (D-Info 3.0). (5) Within each household respondents are randomly selected by phone using the (last) birthday method (fourth sampling unit). Selection is done: 46% Male and 54% Female. 91% Urban and 9% Rural. The sample size is N=1017.

Remarks about sampling: - Final numbers of clusters or sampling points: 99 - Sample unit from office sampling: Household

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

East Germany Questionnaire: The WVS questionnaire was in German. Some special variable labels have been included such as: V56 Neighbours: Muslims and V149 Institution: The European Union. Special categories labels are: V167 Least liked groups: 1. Turks; V179: Other Christian Community; V203/ V204: Geographical affinity, 1. Locality or town where you live, 2. Region of country where you live, 3. Own country as a whole, 4. Europe, 5. The world as whole. Country Specific variables included are: V209: Language at home: 2. English, 3. Dutch, 4. Polish, 5. Russian, 6. Turkish and 7. Other. The variables political parties V210 a V212; Ethic group: V 233 and Region: V 234 are also included as country specific variables. The V 206 Born is also different in East Germany.

West Germany Questionnaire: The WVS questionnaire was in German. Some special variable labels have been included such as: V56 Neighbours: Muslims and V149 Institution: The European Union. Special categories labels are: V167 Least liked groups: Turks and V203/ V204: Geographical affinity, 1. Locality or town where you live, 2. Region of country where you live, 3. Own country as a whole, 4. Europe, 5. The world as whole. Country Specific variables included are: V209: Language at home: 2. English, 3. Dutch, 4. Polish, 5. Russian, 6. Turkish, 7. Other. The variables political parties V210 a V212; Ethic group: V 233 and Region: V 234 are also included as country specific variables. The V 206 Born in this country is also different in West Germany.

Response rate

East Germany: The response rate for East Germany is 51% and is caluculated as follows: (1009/1977) x 100=51%

West Germany: The response rate for West Germany is 50.2% and is calculated as follows: (1017/2025) x 100= 50.2 %

Sampling error estimates

East Germany sampling error: +/- 3,1%

West Germany sampling error: +/-3,1%

Abstract

The World Values Survey (www.worldvaluessurvey.org) is a global network of social scientists studying changing values and their impact on social and political life, led by an international team of scholars, with the WVS association and secretariat headquartered in Stockholm, Sweden. The survey, which started in 1981, seeks to use the most rigorous, high-quality research designs in each country. The WVS consists of nationally representative surveys conducted in almost 100 countries which contain almost 90 percent of the world’s population, using a common questionnaire. The WVS is the largest non-commercial, cross-national, time series investigation of human beliefs and values ever executed, currently including interviews with almost 400,000 respondents. Moreover the WVS is the only academic study covering the full range of global variations, from very poor to very rich countries, in all of the world’s major cultural zones. The WVS seeks to help scientists and policy makers understand changes in the beliefs, values and motivations of people throughout the world. Thousands of political scientists, sociologists, social psychologists, anthropologists and economists have used these data to analyze such topics as economic development, democratization, religion, gender equality, social capital, and subjective well-being. These data have also been widely used by government officials, journalists and students, and groups at the World Bank have analyzed the linkages between cultural factors and economic development.

Geographic coverage

Algeria

Analysis unit

Household Individual

Universe

National Population, Both sexes,18 and more years

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Sample size: 1282 The sample was designed to be representative of the entire adult population, i.e. 18 years and older, of your country. The lower age cut-off for the sample was 18 and there was not any upper age cut-off for the sample. The different stages in the sampling procedure were: -10 of 48 provinces (gouvernorats) were purposively selected. They were selected to maximize diversity (and representativeness) with respect to economic situation, ethnic composition, population size, geographic location, level of urbanization, etc. -Districts (communes) were then selected in each province: (1) the largest commune was selected, and (2) a number of additional communes were selected randomly, the number being determined by the population of the province.

-Respondents were selected by quota in each district based on sex and age, with the proportion in each of the four age categories determined by the age distribution of the district as reported in the most 1998 census. Quotas based on sex and ages were used to select respondents at the end point of the sample. In each commune, an equal number of men and women were selected. Age quotas were established with reference to the age distribution of the commune as reported in the most recent (1998) census.

Remarks about sampling: -The final numbers of clusters or sampling points: 36 districts (communes).

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The WVS questionnaire had French and Arabic versions from the WVS in Morocco. Algerian members of the research team translated the questions that were added. The translated questionnaire was not back-translated into English and the translated questionnaire was not pretested. Some questions or concepts caused particular problems when the questionnaire was translated because seemed irrelevant or inappropriate. However, we kept the questions because of the strong insistence from WVS committee. There have not been any optional WVS questions and/or items been included, however country-specific questions were included. The country-specific questions were inserted where it was most appropriate in the interview schedule, not at the end or in any single location.

India IHIS: Percentage of Hotel Guest Arrivals: Four-Star: Australia data was reported at 6.100 % in 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 4.200 % for 2017. India IHIS: Percentage of Hotel Guest Arrivals: Four-Star: Australia data is updated yearly, averaging 3.400 % from Mar 2000 (Median) to 2018, with 19 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 6.100 % in 2018 and a record low of 2.000 % in 2005. India IHIS: Percentage of Hotel Guest Arrivals: Four-Star: Australia data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federation of Hotel & Restaurant Associations of India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Hotel Sector – Table IN.QHB015: Indian Hotel Industry Survey: Percentage of Hotel Guest Arrivals: by Major Countries.

In 2020, the inflation rate in Brazil amounted to about 3.21 percent compared to the previous year, a slight increase from the previous year’s 3.73 percent, but a large improvement compared to 2015 with more than 9 percent.

Superlative Brazil

Brazil is not only one of the largest countries in the world, it is also one of the largest economies and a member of the so-called BRIC states, four up-and-coming emerging economies. Unfortunately, Brazil also struggles due to an on-going recession; In 2017, the majority of Brazilians described the state of the country’s economy as “bad”.

The state of Brazil’s economy

Brazil’s mixed economy suffered a severe political and economic crisis in 2014 that only ended in 2016. The country’s GDP slumped dramatically and inflation skyrocketed. As of today, Brazil has recovered, GDP is on the rise again, and inflation is below four percent – however, as a result of the recession that saw millions of job cuts, unemployment is at an all-time high.

India IHIS: Percentage of Hotel Guest Arrivals: Four-Star: Germany data was reported at 4.600 % in 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 5.100 % for 2017. India IHIS: Percentage of Hotel Guest Arrivals: Four-Star: Germany data is updated yearly, averaging 7.400 % from Mar 2000 (Median) to 2018, with 19 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 10.800 % in 2001 and a record low of 4.600 % in 2018. India IHIS: Percentage of Hotel Guest Arrivals: Four-Star: Germany data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federation of Hotel & Restaurant Associations of India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Hotel Sector – Table IN.QHB015: Indian Hotel Industry Survey: Percentage of Hotel Guest Arrivals: by Major Countries.

Abstract

The World Values Survey (www.worldvaluessurvey.org) is a global network of social scientists studying changing values and their impact on social and political life, led by an international team of scholars, with the WVS association and secretariat headquartered in Stockholm, Sweden.

The survey, which started in 1981, seeks to use the most rigorous, high-quality research designs in each country. The WVS consists of nationally representative surveys conducted in almost 100 countries which contain almost 90 percent of the world’s population, using a common questionnaire. The WVS is the largest non-commercial, cross-national, time series investigation of human beliefs and values ever executed, currently including interviews with almost 400,000 respondents. Moreover the WVS is the only academic study covering the full range of global variations, from very poor to very rich countries, in all of the world’s major cultural zones.

The WVS seeks to help scientists and policy makers understand changes in the beliefs, values and motivations of people throughout the world. Thousands of political scientists, sociologists, social psychologists, anthropologists and economists have used these data to analyze such topics as economic development, democratization, religion, gender equality, social capital, and subjective well-being. These data have also been widely used by government officials, journalists and students, and groups at the World Bank have analyzed the linkages between cultural factors and economic development.

Geographic coverage

National.

Analysis unit

Household Individual

Universe

National Population, both sexes,18 and more years.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Sample size: 1200

The sampling methodology is dwelling-based. Thus, the homeless, the institutional residents - those residing in military barracks, convents, prisons, dormitories, evacuation/refugee centers or any other temporary dwellings such as those built inside school campuses, church compounds during disasters and those residing atop commercial buildings, are excluded from the frame.

The selection method that was used to identify a respondent was random walk procedure. 50% males and 50% females were used as quota controls by alternating between male and female respondents. Substitution was permitted if even after the required valid callbacks the respondent was not available; it was not giving accurate answers because bedridden; nobody was at home; a respondent outrightly refuses to be interviewed; respondent refuses to continue with the interview.

Geographical stratification was: The WVS covered the entire Philippines and had four major study areas: National Capital Region (NCR), Balance Luzon (outside NCR), Visayas and Mindanao. There are usually limitations for the remote rural sample. The sample area was substituted if upon arrival in the sample spot the field interviewers realize that covering there were: - Not meeting the survey schedule because, for example, there were no means of transportation in locating the respondents with allotted schedule. - Security risks for field interviewers (presence of rebels, bandits, hostile ethnic minorities) - Spending too much for transportation (i.e unreasonably beyond the budgetted amount) Rural samples were generally within the center of the village as the starting points were situated near the center.

Remarks about sampling: - Final numbers of clusters or sampling points: 240 - Sample unit from office sampling: Electoral precincts (for urban areas) and barangays or villages (for rural areas)

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The WVS questionnaire was translated from the English questionnaire. The translated questionnaire was back-translated into English and the translated questionnaire was also pre-tested. The 2001 WVS questionnaire was translated into 5 major Philippine languages. The Filipino version, which became the definitive version was first translated (from English) by a senior staff member of SWS. The final version was decided on by SWS staff members after pre-testing on 12 adults. The 4 other translations which used Filipino as basis and sometimes the English version were made by other non-SWS senior field staff members and were no longer reviewed by SWS. There have been some optional questions to the WVS: V181a-c. There have been some country-specific questions included asked at the end of the WVS demographics. The sample was designed to be representative of the entire adult population, i.e. 18 years and older, of your country. The lower age cut-off for the sample was 18 and there was not any upper age cut-off for the sample.

Response rate

For the WVS, 37% are original respondents; the rest are substitutes.

Sampling error estimates

Estimated error: 2.9