France FR: International Migrant Stock: Total data was reported at 7,784,418.000 Person in 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 7,196,481.000 Person for 2010. France FR: International Migrant Stock: Total data is updated yearly, averaging 5,925,043.500 Person from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2015, with 12 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7,784,418.000 Person in 2015 and a record low of 3,507,213.000 Person in 1960. France FR: International Migrant Stock: Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s France – Table FR.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. International migrant stock is the number of people born in a country other than that in which they live. It also includes refugees. The data used to estimate the international migrant stock at a particular time are obtained mainly from population censuses. The estimates are derived from the data on foreign-born population--people who have residence in one country but were born in another country. When data on the foreign-born population are not available, data on foreign population--that is, people who are citizens of a country other than the country in which they reside--are used as estimates. After the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991 people living in one of the newly independent countries who were born in another were classified as international migrants. Estimates of migrant stock in the newly independent states from 1990 on are based on the 1989 census of the Soviet Union. For countries with information on the international migrant stock for at least two points in time, interpolation or extrapolation was used to estimate the international migrant stock on July 1 of the reference years. For countries with only one observation, estimates for the reference years were derived using rates of change in the migrant stock in the years preceding or following the single observation available. A model was used to estimate migrants for countries that had no data.; ; United Nations Population Division, Trends in Total Migrant Stock: 2012 Revision.; Sum;

This graph represents the share of the immigrant population in France from 1921 to 2023. The statistic reveals that the share of immigrants in France had slightly increased since 1921. There were 6.6 percent of immigrants in 1931 compared to 10.7 percent in 2023.

In 2024, the net migration rate in France reached *******. In recent years Europe and France have seen more people arrive than depart. The net migration rate is the difference between the number of immigrants (people coming into an area) and the number of emigrants (people leaving an area) throughout the year. France's highest net migration rate was reached in 2018 when it amounted to *******. Armed conflicts and economic migration are some of the reasons for immigration in Europe. The refugee crisis Studies have shown that there were ******* immigrant arrivals in France in 2022, which has risen since 2014. The migrant crisis, which began in 2015 in Europe, had an impact on the migration entry flows not only in France but in all European countries. The number of illegal border crossings to the EU over the Eastern Mediterranean route reached a record number of ******* crossings in 2015. Immigration in France Since the middle of the 19th century, France has attracted immigrants, first from European countries (like Poland, Spain, and Italy), and then from the former French colonies. In 2023, there were approximately *** million people foreign-born in France. Most of them were living in the Ile-de-France region, which contains Paris, and in Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur in the Southeastern part of the country. In 2022, the majority of immigrants arriving in France were from Africa and Europe.

France FR: Net Migration data was reported at 400,002.000 Person in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 361,722.000 Person for 2012. France FR: Net Migration data is updated yearly, averaging 408,109.500 Person from Dec 1962 (Median) to 2017, with 12 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,466,682.000 Person in 1962 and a record low of 146,855.000 Person in 1977. France FR: Net Migration data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s France – Table FR.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Net migration is the net total of migrants during the period, that is, the total number of immigrants less the annual number of emigrants, including both citizens and noncitizens. Data are five-year estimates.; ; United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2017 Revision.; Sum;

This statistic shows the number of immigrants in France in 2023, distributed by geographical origin. It displays that more than *** thousand immigrants were born in Algeria, and more than *** thousand in Morocco.

France FR: International Migrant Stock: % of Population data was reported at 12.088 % in 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 11.430 % for 2010. France FR: International Migrant Stock: % of Population data is updated yearly, averaging 10.787 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2015, with 6 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 12.088 % in 2015 and a record low of 10.356 % in 1990. France FR: International Migrant Stock: % of Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s France – Table FR.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. International migrant stock is the number of people born in a country other than that in which they live. It also includes refugees. The data used to estimate the international migrant stock at a particular time are obtained mainly from population censuses. The estimates are derived from the data on foreign-born population--people who have residence in one country but were born in another country. When data on the foreign-born population are not available, data on foreign population--that is, people who are citizens of a country other than the country in which they reside--are used as estimates. After the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991 people living in one of the newly independent countries who were born in another were classified as international migrants. Estimates of migrant stock in the newly independent states from 1990 on are based on the 1989 census of the Soviet Union. For countries with information on the international migrant stock for at least two points in time, interpolation or extrapolation was used to estimate the international migrant stock on July 1 of the reference years. For countries with only one observation, estimates for the reference years were derived using rates of change in the migrant stock in the years preceding or following the single observation available. A model was used to estimate migrants for countries that had no data.; ; United Nations Population Division, Trends in Total Migrant Stock: 2008 Revision.; Weighted average;

Between 1960 and 1990, the foreign population of all selected Western European countries grew significantly. In West Germany, the foreign population grew from fewer than 700 thousand in 1960 to almost four million in 1976; the German total was over five million by the time of reunification in 1990. France and the United Kingdom respectively had the second and third largest foreign populations in 1976 and 1990, although figures are unavailable for 1960 (however, France's total foreign population would have been higher than Germany's in 1960, based on separate percentage and population figures). .

2019 data for European Union states can be found here.

French Polynesia PF: International Migrant Stock: Total data was reported at 30,058.000 Person in 2015. This records a decrease from the previous number of 31,640.000 Person for 2010. French Polynesia PF: International Migrant Stock: Total data is updated yearly, averaging 24,782.000 Person from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2015, with 12 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 32,286.000 Person in 2005 and a record low of 3,665.000 Person in 1960. French Polynesia PF: International Migrant Stock: Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s French Polynesia – Table PF.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. International migrant stock is the number of people born in a country other than that in which they live. It also includes refugees. The data used to estimate the international migrant stock at a particular time are obtained mainly from population censuses. The estimates are derived from the data on foreign-born population--people who have residence in one country but were born in another country. When data on the foreign-born population are not available, data on foreign population--that is, people who are citizens of a country other than the country in which they reside--are used as estimates. After the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991 people living in one of the newly independent countries who were born in another were classified as international migrants. Estimates of migrant stock in the newly independent states from 1990 on are based on the 1989 census of the Soviet Union. For countries with information on the international migrant stock for at least two points in time, interpolation or extrapolation was used to estimate the international migrant stock on July 1 of the reference years. For countries with only one observation, estimates for the reference years were derived using rates of change in the migrant stock in the years preceding or following the single observation available. A model was used to estimate migrants for countries that had no data.; ; United Nations Population Division, Trends in Total Migrant Stock: 2012 Revision.; Sum;

French Polynesia PF: International Migrant Stock: % of Population data was reported at 10.630 % in 2015. This records a decrease from the previous number of 11.803 % for 2010. French Polynesia PF: International Migrant Stock: % of Population data is updated yearly, averaging 12.725 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2015, with 6 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 13.178 % in 1995 and a record low of 10.630 % in 2015. French Polynesia PF: International Migrant Stock: % of Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s French Polynesia – Table PF.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. International migrant stock is the number of people born in a country other than that in which they live. It also includes refugees. The data used to estimate the international migrant stock at a particular time are obtained mainly from population censuses. The estimates are derived from the data on foreign-born population--people who have residence in one country but were born in another country. When data on the foreign-born population are not available, data on foreign population--that is, people who are citizens of a country other than the country in which they reside--are used as estimates. After the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991 people living in one of the newly independent countries who were born in another were classified as international migrants. Estimates of migrant stock in the newly independent states from 1990 on are based on the 1989 census of the Soviet Union. For countries with information on the international migrant stock for at least two points in time, interpolation or extrapolation was used to estimate the international migrant stock on July 1 of the reference years. For countries with only one observation, estimates for the reference years were derived using rates of change in the migrant stock in the years preceding or following the single observation available. A model was used to estimate migrants for countries that had no data.; ; United Nations Population Division, Trends in Total Migrant Stock: 2008 Revision.; Weighted average;

On the national level the number of households is distributed into 5 classes according to their disposable household income with an equal number of households in each class. The first quintile represents the 20 % households having the lowest income (on a national level), the fifth quintile represents the 20 % households with the highest income (on a national level) in each area.

Since the early *****, the proportion of foreigners detained in French prisons has fluctuated but overall decreased. In 1992, more than ** percent of the prison population was of foreign origin, compared to **** percent three decades later. The smallest proportion of foreign prisoners was in 2012. In 2024, most prisoners of foreign nationality were from the African continent.

France FR: Population: Total data was reported at 67,118,648.000 Person in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 66,859,768.000 Person for 2016. France FR: Population: Total data is updated yearly, averaging 58,009,594.000 Person from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2017, with 58 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 67,118,648.000 Person in 2017 and a record low of 46,814,237.000 Person in 1960. France FR: Population: Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s France – Table FR.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Total population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship. The values shown are midyear estimates.; ; (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2017 Revision. (2) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (4) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Reprot (various years), (5) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database, and (6) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme.; Sum; Relevance to gender indicator: disaggregating the population composition by gender will help a country in projecting its demand for social services on a gender basis.

Data for Good Meta. High resolution population estimates for France. Includes total population, men, women, women of reproductive age, elderly, youth, and children subgroups. Creative Commons Attribute International License.

To facilitate population data retrieval across scale, we segment spatial coverage into equal sized tiles. GPU enabled spatial join via RapidsAI was employed to assign population information with each vector tile.

Reference: Facebook Connectivity Lab and Center for International Earth Science Information Network - CIESIN - Columbia University. 2016. High Resolution Settlement Layer (HRSL). Source imagery for HRSL © 2016 DigitalGlobe. Accessed 7 April 2023.

WorldPop produces different types of gridded population count datasets, depending on the methods used and end application. Please make sure you have read our Mapping Populations overview page before choosing and downloading a dataset.

Datasets are available to download in Geotiff and ASCII XYZ format at a resolution of 30 arc-seconds (approximately 1km at the equator)

-Unconstrained individual countries 2000-2020: Population density datasets for all countries of the World for each year 2000-2020 – derived from the corresponding Unconstrained individual countries 2000-2020 population count datasets by dividing the number of people in each pixel by the pixel surface area. These are produced using the unconstrained top-down modelling method.
-Unconstrained individual countries 2000-2020 UN adjusted: Population density datasets for all countries of the World for each year 2000-2020 – derived from the corresponding Unconstrained individual countries 2000-2020 population UN adjusted count datasets by dividing the number of people in each pixel, adjusted to match the country total from the official United Nations population estimates (UN 2019), by the pixel surface area. These are produced using the unconstrained top-down modelling method.

Data for earlier dates is available directly from WorldPop.

WorldPop (www.worldpop.org - School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton; Department of Geography and Geosciences, University of Louisville; Departement de Geographie, Universite de Namur) and Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN), Columbia University (2018). Global High Resolution Population Denominators Project - Funded by The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1134076). https://dx.doi.org/10.5258/SOTON/WP00674

This statistic shows the population distribution in France on January 1st, 2025, by age group. In 2025, people aged under 15 accounted for 16.7 percent of the total French population, whereas around 10 percent of the population were 75 years and older. By comparison, the number of members of the population over the age of 65 years has increased even more prominently, reaching 14.57 million in 2025. The number of people living in France has been steadily increasing since 1982, exceeding 68 million in 2025, having thus grown by seven percent during that time.

The catchment area of a city is a group of municipalities, of a single enclave and enclave, which defines the extent of the influence of a cluster of population and employment on the surrounding municipalities, this influence being measured by the intensity of commuting to work.

Urban area zoning follows the zoning into urban areas in 2010.

An area consists of a pole and a crown.

— Poles are determined mainly on the basis of density and total population criteria, using a methodology consistent with that of the municipal density grid. A threshold of jobs is added in order to prevent essentially residential municipalities with few jobs from being considered poles. Within the pole, the most populous commune is called the center commune. If a pole sends at least 15 % of its assets to work in another pole of the same level, the two poles are associated and together form the heart of a catchment area. — Municipalities that send at least 15 % of their assets to work in the pole are the crown of the area.

The definition of the largest catchment areas of cities is consistent with the definition of “cities” and “functional urban areas” used by Eurostat and the OECD to analyse the functioning of cities. Zoning into catchment areas thus facilitates international comparisons and makes it possible to visualise the influence in France of major foreign cities. For example, seven areas have a town located abroad (Bâle, Charleroi, Geneva, Lausanne, Luxembourg, Monaco and Saarbrücken).

The areas are classified according to the total number of inhabitants of the area in 2017. The main thresholds selected are: Paris, 700,000 inhabitants, 200,000 inhabitants and 50,000 inhabitants. Areas whose pole is located abroad are classified in the category corresponding to their total population (French and foreign).

Urban catchment areas, dated 2020, were constructed with reference to commuting known in the 2016 Census.

Downloadable files provide the characteristics of the city’s catchment areas (size slice, number of municipalities) and the municipal composition of the city’s catchment areas.

africa albania alemania algeria ambos-sexos ame_rica-central-y-caribe ame_rica-del-norte ame_rica-del-sur america an_o andorra angola arabia-saudi arabia-saudi_ argelia argentina armenia asia australia austria bangladesh be_lgica belaru_s belarus belgium benin bolivia born-abroad born-in-spain bosnia-and-herzegovina bosnia-y-herzegovina both-sexes brasil brazil bulgaria burkina-faso cabo-verde cameroon cameru_n canada canada_ central-america-and-caribbean chile china chipre colombia communities comunidades congo continuous-register-statistics corea costa-de-marfil costa-rica country-of-birth croacia croatia cuba cyprus czech-republic democratic-republic-of-congo denmark dinamarca dominica dominican-republic ecuador egipto egypt el-salvador equatorial-guinea eslovenia espan_ol-extranjero estadi_stica-del-padro_n-continuo estadi_sticas estados-unidos-de-ame_rica estonia ethiope etiopi_a eu_27_2020_ europe females filipinas finland finlandia foreign-nationality france francia gambia georgia germany ghana grecia greece green-cape guatemala guinea guinea-bissau guinea-ecuatorial hombres honduras hungary hungri_a iceland india indonesia ira_n iran iraq ireland irlanda islandia israel italia italy ivory-coast japan japo_n jordan jordania kazajsta_n kazajstan kenia korea latvia lebanon letonia li_bano liberia liechtenstein lithuania lituania luxembourg luxemburgo macedonia-del-norte males mali malta marruecos mauritania me_xico mexico moldavia morocco mujeres nacidos-en-el-extranjero nacidos-en-espan_a nacionalidad-espan_ola nacionalidad-extranjera nepal new-zealand nicaragua nigeria non-european-community_27_2020_ north-america north-macedonia noruega norway nueva-zelanda oceania pai_s-de-nacimiento pai_ses-africanos pai_ses-americanos pai_ses-asia_ticos pai_ses-bajos pai_ses-de-oceani_a pai_ses-europeos pai_ses-europeos-no-ue_27_2020_ pakista_n pakistan panama panama_ paraguay peru peru_ philippines poland polonia portugal reino-unido repu_blica-checa repu_blica-democra_tica-del-congo repu_blica-dominicana repu_blica-eslovaca rest-of-africa rest-of-asia rest-of-central-america-and-caribbean rest-of-european-nationalities rest-of-oceania rest-of-south-america resto-de-ame_rica-central-y-caribe resto-de-ame_rica-del-sur resto-de-pai_ses-africanos resto-de-pai_ses-asia_ticos resto-de-pai_ses-de-oceani_a resto-de-pai_ses-europeos romania rumani_a rusia russia senegal serbia serbia-and-montenegro_former-yugoslavia_ serbia-y-montenegro-_antigua-yugoslavia_ sex sexo sierra-leona sierra-leone siria slovenia south-africa south-america spanish-foreigner spanish-nationality statistics suda_frica suecia suiza sweden switzerland syria tailandia thailand the-netherlands the-slovak-republic togo total total-poblacio_n total-population tu_nez tunisia turkey turqui_a ucrania ukraine unio_n-europea-_27_2020_ united-kingdom united-states-of-america uruguay venezuela vietnam year

The catchment area of a city is a group of municipalities, of a single enclave and enclave, which defines the extent of the influence of a cluster of population and employment on the surrounding municipalities, this influence being measured by the intensity of commuting to work. Urban area zoning follows the zoning into urban areas in 2010. An area consists of a pole and a crown. — Poles are determined mainly on the basis of density and total population criteria, using a methodology consistent with that of the municipal density grid. A threshold of jobs is added in order to prevent essentially residential municipalities with few jobs from being considered poles. Within the pole, the most populous commune is called the center commune. If a pole sends at least 15 % of its assets to work in another pole of the same level, the two poles are associated and together form the heart of a catchment area. — Municipalities that send at least 15 % of their assets to work in the pole are the crown of the area. The definition of the largest catchment areas of cities is consistent with the definition of “cities” and “functional urban areas” used by Eurostat and the OECD to analyse the functioning of cities. Zoning into catchment areas thus facilitates international comparisons and makes it possible to visualise the influence in France of major foreign cities. For example, seven areas have a town located abroad (Bâle, Charleroi, Geneva, Lausanne, Luxembourg, Monaco and Saarbrücken). The areas are classified according to the total number of inhabitants of the area in 2017. The main thresholds selected are: Paris, 700,000 inhabitants, 200,000 inhabitants and 50,000 inhabitants. Areas whose pole is located abroad are classified in the category corresponding to their total population (French and foreign). Urban catchment areas, dated 2020, were constructed with reference to commuting known in the 2016 Census. Downloadable files provide the characteristics of the city’s catchment areas (size slice, number of municipalities) and the municipal composition of the city’s catchment areas.

Résumé

Le projet de recherche MAFE est une initiative de grande ampleur dont l'objectif est d'étudier les migrations entre l'Afrique subsaharienne et l'Europe. - Attention, la documentation des enquêtes MAFE est en langue anglaise. -

The MAFE project is a major research initiative focused on migration between Sub-Saharan Africa and Europe. It brings together ten European and African research centres working on international migration.

In the early XXIth Century, international migration from Sub-Saharan Africa to Europe has generated increasing public and policy attention. The flotilla of boats bringing would-be migrants to the Canary Islands, and attempts to reach Spanish territory in Ceuta and Mellila have drawn a rapid response from Europe in the form of new policy measures. Yet the scope, nature and likely development of Sub-Saharan African migration to Europe remained poorly understood, and, as a result, European polices may be ineffective. A major cause of this lack of understanding was the absence of comprehensive data on the causes of migration and circulation between Africa and Europe.

The MAFE project aimed at overcoming this lack of understanding by collecting unique data on the characteristics and behavior of migrants from Sub-Saharan countries to Europe. The key notion underpinning the project was that migration must not only be seen as a one-way flow from Africa to Europe. The argument was that return migration, circulation and transnational practices are significant and must be understood in order to design better migration policy.

The MAFE project focused on migration flows between Europe (Belgium, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain and the UK) and Senegal, the Democratic Republic of Congo and Ghana, which together accounted for over a quarter of all African migration to the EU at the time of the survey. In each of these "migration systems", the survey was designed to document four key areas: - Patterns of migration : *the socio-demographic characteristics of migrants, *the routes of migration from Africa to Europe, and *the patterns of return migration and circulation. - Determinants of migration: looking at departure, but also return and circulation and taking into account the whole set of possible destinations. - Migration and Development: MAFE documents some of the socio-economic changes driven by international migration, looking as often as possible at both ends of the Afro-European migration system, at the individual level. - Migrations and Families: the data collected by the MAFE project can be used to study all sorts of interactions between family formation and international migration. Although the survey was primarily designed to study international migration, it can also be used to study other phenomena, especially in Africa: domestic mobility, labor market participation, family formation, etc. Comparable data was collected in both 3 sending and 6 destination countries, i.e. in sub-Saharan Africa and in Europe. The data are longitudinal - including retrospective migration, education, work and family histories for individuals - and multi-level - (with data collected at the individual and household levels, in addition of macro-contextual data).

Please consult the official MAFE website for further details : https://mafeproject.site.ined.fr/en/

Geographic coverage

Six European countries and three African countries participated in the MAFE surveys. Data collection was carried out in both sending countries in Africa and destination countries in Europe, in order to constitute transnational samples. For MAFE Senegal, data was collected in Senegal (African part) and France, Italy and Spain (European part).

Analysis unit

Individual Household

Univers

SENEGAL Household: Households selected randomly from the updated list of households in the selected primary sampling units. Two strata were distinguished: the households with migrants and those without migrants. Individual: People aged 25-75 at the time of the survey, born in Senegal and who have/had Senegalese citizenship. This lower age limit was set in order to obtain informative life histories. By not including respondents younger than 25, the resources were used more effectively. The place of birth criterion was used to exclude people who were born out of their country of origin in order to exclude second generation migrants in Europe and to increase the homogeneity of sample. Up to two return migrants and partners of migrants, and one randomly selected other eligible person. Return migrants were eligible if their first departure was above at 18 or over.

EUROPE In all the European countries, the surveys were conducted among males and females who were aged 25 and over at the time of the surveys, and who were 18 or over when they had left Africa for the first time for at least one year. For MAFE Senegal, only migrants from Senegal were interviewed. This was a way to reinforce the homogeneity of the sample by excluding people of the 1.5 generation who are often "passive" migrants.

In theory, surveyed individuals must be representative of the whole population with these characteristics in the departure region and in the destination countries. The sample is composed of males and females. In Europe, in spite of a gender demographic disequilibrium, the objective was to include 50% of males and 50% of females in order to allow gender analyses.

Kind of data

survey data

Frequency of data collection

SENEGAL In Senegal, data collection activities started in November 2007 (selection of survey sites in Dakar and listing of households in the selected sites). They ended in September 2008 (data entry and data cleaning). Overall, 11 months were necessary to carry out all the activities related to data collection, and fieldwork lasted a little less than 6 months. Data collection was organized in two separate stages: the household survey was first conducted, and the biographic survey started after the household survey had been completed. The data collected in the household survey was used to prepare a sampling frame of individuals for the biographic survey; quick data entry of part of the questionnaires of the household survey was thus necessary before starting data collection for the biographic survey. Although this approach had advantages, it also lengthened the data collection process. This approach was not used for surveys in Ghana and DR Congo, where both surveys were conducted simultaneously.

EUROPE In France, Italy and Spain the surveys were conducted in 2008, before the start of the EU funded project. Data collection activities lasted approximately 6 months. Note: A second round was carried in Spain in 2010. About 400 Senegalese migrants were interviewed using exactly the same questionnaire. The data will be released in the future. For more information, contact: pau.baizan@upf.edu

Sampling procedure

Probability: Stratified

  SENEGAL

A three-stage stratified random sample was used. At the first stage, primary sampling units (census district) were selected randomly with varying probabilities. At the second stage, households were selected randomly in each of the selected primary sampling units (PSUs). At the third stage, individuals were selected within the households. a) Selection of primary sampling units (first stage) In the Senegal survey, the sample was designed to be probabilistic and representative of the Dakar region, and at the same time to maximize the chance of reaching households 'affected' by international migration (rare population). The sampling frame used to select the primary sampling units was the 2002 Population Census. The census districts (CD) -which are usually used as the primary sampling units in surveys in Senegal - have an average size of 100 households in urban areas. 60 primary sampling units were randomly selected at the first stage. This number of primary sampling units allows reaching a balance between a large dispersion of households (which decreases sampling errors) and a more concentrated sample (which reduces costs). The region of Dakar was divided into 10 strata of equal size, according to the % of migrant households within each of them (in average, 11.6% of the households were 'migrants'). 6 CD's per stratum were drawn, with a probability proportional to the number of households within each CD. In other words, census districts with a large number of migrants were more likely to be selected than those with low numbers of migrants. This approach increases the number of migrants interviewed in the individual survey, while still having a probabilistic sample representative of the target area. The listing of the households in the 60 selected primary sampling units was updated in order to select the sample of households. This stage was essential because a lot of changing occurred in some large neighbourhoods of Dakar since the previous census (2002), especially in suburban areas. This counting also allowed distinguishing between households with and without migrants. b) Selection of households (second stage) The following approach was used in MAFE-Senegal: - Households were selected randomly (using systematic random sampling) from the updated list of households in the selected PSUs. Two strata were distinguished: the households with migrants and those without migrants. A maximum of 50% of households with migrants were drawn in each district. Selected households that could not be reached (absence, refusals,…) were not replaced during the fieldwork. Replacement would distort the computation of sampling weights, and could also lead to bias the sample. To take account of refusals and absences

In 2023, over 313,000 foreigners called the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg home. The largest group of foreign inhabitants came from Portugal, at just over 92,000. There were almost twice as many Portuguese living in Luxembourg as any of other nationality. By comparison: the second largest group of foreigners, the French, numbered around 49,100 individuals. In total, Luxembourg had 660,800 thousand inhabitants that year.

Nearly half of Luxembourg’s population is of foreign origin

In 2021, the share of foreign nationals living in the country reached 47.2 percent. This was a slight decrease in comparison to the previous year, when the share of foreigners was at 47.4 percent. In the last decade, Luxembourg’s foreign population share never dropped below 43 percent.

Foreign population by age and gender

Luxembourg’s foreign population counted approximately as many men as women, with men outnumbering women by just 8.9 thousand. The average foreigner was roughly between 25 and 55 years old, with those aged 35-39 making up the largest age group, at just under 30 thousand.