Lands Department captures aerial photographs at various flying heights over different years covering the whole territory of Hong Kong. DAP-L0 is a digital compressed image of these aerial photographs which is saved in 300 dpi image resolution in JPEG format.

This dataset provides a seamless cloud-free 10m resolution satellite imagery layer of the New Zealand mainland and offshore islands.

The imagery was captured by the European Space Agency Sentinel-2 satellites between September 2021 - April 2022.

Technical specifications:

• 450 x ortho-rectified RGB GeoTIFF images in NZTM projection, tiled into the LINZ Standard 1:50,000 tile layout
• Satellite sensors: ESA Sentinel-2A and Sentinel-2B
• Acquisition dates: September 2021 - April 2022
• Spectral resolution: R, G, B
• Spatial resolution: 10 meters
• Radiometric resolution: 8-bits (downsampled from 12-bits)

This is a visual product only. The data has been downsampled from 12-bits to 8-bits, and the original values of the images have been modified for visualisation purposes.

The New Jersey Office of GIS, NJ Office of Information Technology manages a series of 11 digital orthophotography and scanned aerial photo maps collected at various years ranging from 1930 to 2017. Each year’s worth of imagery are available as Cloud Optimized GeoTIFF (COG) files and some years are available as compressed MrSID and/or JP2 files. Additionally, each year of imagery is organized into a tile grid scheme covering the entire geography of New Jersey. Many years share the same tiling grid while others have unique grids as defined by the project at the time.

Vertical aerial photography is an airborne mapping technique, which uses a high-resolution camera mounted vertically underneath the aircraft to capture reflected light in the red, green, blue and for some datasets, near infra-red spectrum. Images of the ground are captured at resolutions between 10cm and 50cm, and ortho-rectified using simultaneous LIDAR and GPS to a high spatial accuracy.

The Environment Agency has been capturing vertical aerial photography data regularly since 2006 on a project by project basis each ranging in coverage from a few square kilometers to hundreds of square kilometers. The data is available as a raster dataset in ECW (enhanced compressed wavelet) format as either a true colour (RGB), near infra-red (NIR) or a 4-band (RGBN) raster. Where imagery has been captured under incident response conditions and the lighting conditions may be sub-optimal this is defined by the prefix IR. The data are presented as tiles in British National Grid OSGB 1936 projections. Data is available in 5km download zip files for each year of survey. Within each zip file are ECW files aligned to the Ordinance Survey grid. The size of each tile is dependent upon the spatial resolution of the data.

Please refer to the metadata index catalgoues for the survey date captured, type of survey and spatial resolution of the imagery.

The USGS NAIP Imagery service from The National Map consists of 4-band high resolution images that combine the visual attributes of an aerial photograph with the spatial accuracy and reliability of a map. Resolution of National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) data is most commonly 1 meter, which means that every pixel in the digital orthoimage covers a one meter square of the earth’s surface. Some states to include Wyoming and New York began collection of 0.5 meter pixel resolution NAIP in 2015. Many states contribute orthoimagery to The National Map, and USGS relies on a partnership with the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Farm Service Agency for NAIP data. The USGS NAIP Imagery service is a mosaic of natural color and color infrared (4-band) aerial imagery, containing NAIP and other imagery sources to complete the mosaic. The National Map download client allows free downloads of public domain compressed orthoimagery in JPEG 2000 (.jp2) format for the conterminous United States, with many urban areas and other locations at 1-foot (or better) resolution, also in JPEG 2000 (.jp2) format. For additional information on orthoimagery, go to https://nationalmap.gov/ortho.html. This imagery service is for viewing only, no downloading of the raster images available. NAIP/Statewide_NAIP_2017_3ft_4band_wsps_83h_img

Declassified satellite images provide an important worldwide record of land-surface change. With the success of the first release of classified satellite photography in 1995, images from U.S. military intelligence satellites KH-7 and KH-9 were declassified in accordance with Executive Order 12951 in 2002. The data were originally used for cartographic information and reconnaissance for U.S. intelligence agencies. Since the images could be of historical value for global change research and were no longer critical to national security, the collection was made available to the public.

Keyhole (KH) satellite systems KH-7 and KH-9 acquired photographs of the Earth’s surface with a telescopic camera system and transported the exposed film through the use of recovery capsules. The capsules or buckets were de-orbited and retrieved by aircraft while the capsules parachuted to earth. The exposed film was developed and the images were analyzed for a range of military applications.

The KH-7 surveillance system was a high resolution imaging system that was operational from July 1963 to June 1967. Approximately 18,000 black-and-white images and 230 color images are available from the 38 missions flown during this program. Key features for this program were larger area of coverage and improved ground resolution. The cameras acquired imagery in continuous lengthwise sweeps of the terrain. KH-7 images are 9 inches wide, vary in length from 4 inches to 500 feet long, and have a resolution of 2 to 4 feet.

The KH-9 mapping program was operational from March 1973 to October 1980 and was designed to support mapping requirements and exact positioning of geographical points for the military. This was accomplished by using image overlap for stereo coverage and by using a camera system with a reseau grid to correct image distortion. The KH-9 framing cameras produced 9 x 18 inch imagery at a resolution of 20-30 feet. Approximately 29,000 mapping images were acquired from 12 missions.

The original film sources are maintained by the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). Duplicate film sources held in the USGS EROS Center archive are used to produce digital copies of the imagery.

High resolution orthorectified images combine the image characteristics of an aerial photograph with the geometric qualities of a map. An orthoimage is a uniform-scale image where corrections have been made for feature displacement such as building tilt and for scale variations caused by terrain relief, sensor geometry, and camera tilt. A mathematical equation based on ground control points, sensor calibration information, and a digital elevation model is applied to each pixel to rectify the image to obtain the geometric qualities of a map.

A digital orthoimage may be created from several photographs mosaicked to form the final image. The source imagery may be black-and-white, natural color, or color infrared with a pixel resolution of 1-meter or finer. With orthoimagery, the resolution refers to the distance on the ground represented by each pixel.

Cloud-free Landsat satellite imagery mosaics of the islands of the main 8 Hawaiian Islands (Hawaii, Maui, Kahoolawe, Lanai, Molokai, Oahu, Kauai and Niihau). Landsat 7 ETM (enhanced thematic mapper) is a polar orbiting 8 band multispectral satellite-borne sensor. The ETM+ instrument provides image data from eight spectral bands. The spatial resolution is 30 meters for the visible and near-infrared (bands 1-5 and 7). Resolution for the panchromatic (band 8) is 15 meters, and the thermal infrared (band 6) is 60 meters. The approximate scene size is 170 x 183 kilometers (106 x 115 miles). A Nadir-looking system, the sensor has provided continuous coverage since July 1999, with a 16-day repeat cycle. The Level 1G product is radiometrically and geometrically corrected (systematic) to the user-specified parameters including output map projection, image orientation, pixel grid-cell size, and resampling kernel. The correctional gorithms model the spacecraft and sensor using data generated by onboard computers during imaging. Sensor, focal plane, and detector alignment information provided by the Image Assessment System (IAS) in the Calibration Parameter File (CPF) is also used to improve the overall geometric fidelity. The resulting product is free from distortions related to the sensor (e.g., jitter, view angle effect), satellite (e.g., attitude deviations from nominal), and Earth (e.g., rotation, curvature). Residual error in the systematic L1G product is less than 250 meters (1 sigma) inflat areas at sea level. The systematic L1G correction process does not employ ground control or relief models to attain absolute geodetic accuracy.

On February 24, 1995, President Clinton signed an Executive Order, directing the declassification of intelligence imagery acquired by the first generation of United States photo-reconnaissance satellites, including the systems code-named CORONA, ARGON, and LANYARD. More than 860,000 images of the Earth's surface, collected between 1960 and 1972, were declassified with the issuance of this Executive Order. Image collection was driven, in part, by the need to confirm purported developments in then-Soviet strategic missile capabilities. The images also were used to produce maps and charts for the Department of Defense and for other Federal Government mapping programs. In addition to the images, documents and reports (collateral information) are available, pertaining to frame ephemeris data, orbital ephemeris data, and mission performance. Document availability varies by mission; documentation was not produced for unsuccessful missions.

The National Aerial Photography Program (NAPP) was coordinated by the USGS as an interagency project to acquire cloud-free aerial photographs at an altitude of 20,000 feet above mean terrain elevation. The photographs were taken with a 6-inch focal length lens at a scale of 1:40,000. Coverage over the conterminous United States includes both black-and-white (BW) and color infrared (CIR) aerial photographs. Film type and extent of coverage were determined by available funds and operational requirements. The NAPP program, which was operational from 1987 to 2007, consists of more than 1.3 million images. Photographs were acquired on 9-inch film and were centered over quarters of USGS 7.5-minute quadrangles.To view historical imagery availability by county please visit the Historical Availability of Imagery map.To view more NAPP imagery visit the NAPP Historical Imagery Portfolio app.For ordering information please contact the GEO Customer Service Section at geo.sales@usda.gov.

AID is a new large-scale aerial image dataset, by collecting sample images from Google Earth imagery. Note that although the Google Earth images are post-processed using RGB renderings from the original optical aerial images, it has proven that there is no significant difference between the Google Earth images with the real optical aerial images even in the pixel-level land use/cover mapping. Thus, the Google Earth images can also be used as aerial images for evaluating scene classification algorithms.

The new dataset is made up of the following 30 aerial scene types: airport, bare land, baseball field, beach, bridge, center, church, commercial, dense residential, desert, farmland, forest, industrial, meadow, medium residential, mountain, park, parking, playground, pond, port, railway station, resort, river, school, sparse residential, square, stadium, storage tanks and viaduct. All the images are labelled by the specialists in the field of remote sensing image interpretation, and some samples of each class are shown in Fig.1. In all, the AID dataset has a number of 10000 images within 30 classes.

The images in AID are actually multi-source, as Google Earth images are from different remote imaging sensors. This brings more challenges for scene classification than the single source images like UC-Merced dataset. Moreover, all the sample images per each class in AID are carefully chosen from different countries and regions around the world, mainly in China, the United States, England, France, Italy, Japan, Germany, etc., and they are extracted at different time and seasons under different imaging conditions, which increases the intra-class diversities of the data.

**New aerial images released for free! **### All orthophotographic mosaics produced since 2002, in order to meet the needs related to the ecoforest inventory of southern Quebec (IEQM), are now available as open data. For more information on this product, please refer to the fact sheet ** Historic Airborne Forest Imagery **. To download them, please consult the ** download map **. **** Orthophotographic mosaics present an aerial view of Quebec territory at different times. Each image has been analytically straightened to eliminate inaccuracies caused by the camera being tilted at the time of shooting or by the image being moved due to terrain. These collections are the result of governmental and regional initiatives, namely: * The Ecoforest Inventory of Southern Quebec (IEQM) * Partnerships between ministries, agencies and municipal communities Their download is free, as they were acquired under an open data license (** Creative Commons 4.0 **). Three formats are available depending on the territory: JPEG 2000, ECW and GeoTIFF. For product ownership information (resolution, image type, etc.), please refer to the information for each mosaic available in the ** download card **. For more information on priced aerial imagery, please consult the sheet ** aerial imagery ** in the “Maps and Geographic Information” section of the Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources website.**This third party metadata element was translated using an automated translation tool (Amazon Translate).**

This image service contains high resolution satellite imagery for selected regions throughout the Yukon. Imagery is 1m pixel resolution, or better. Imagery was supplied by the Government of Yukon, and the Canadian Department of National Defense. All the imagery in this service is licensed. If you have any questions about Yukon government satellite imagery, please contact Geomatics.Help@gov.yk.can. This service is managed by Geomatics Yukon.

What is this dataset?

Nearly 10,000 km² of free high-resolution and matched low-resolution satellite imagery of unique locations which ensure stratified representation of all types of land-use across the world: from agriculture to ice caps, from forests to multiple urbanization densities.

Those locations are also enriched with typically under-represented locations in ML datasets: sites of humanitarian interest, illegal mining sites, and settlements of persons at risk.

Each high-resolution image (1.5 m/pixel) comes with multiple temporally-matched low-resolution images from the freely accessible lower-resolution Sentinel-2 satellites (10 m/pixel).

We accompany this dataset with a paper, datasheet for datasets and an open-source Python package to: rebuild or extend the WorldStrat dataset, train and infer baseline algorithms, and learn with abundant tutorials, all compatible with the popular EO-learn toolbox.

Why make this?

We hope to foster broad-spectrum applications of ML to satellite imagery, and possibly develop the same power of analysis allowed by costly private high-resolution imagery from free public low-resolution Sentinel2 imagery. We illustrate this specific point by training and releasing several highly compute-efficient baselines on the task of Multi-Frame Super-Resolution.

Licences

• The high-resolution Airbus imagery is distributed, with authorization from Airbus, under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0).
• The labels, Sentinel2 imagery, and trained weights are released under Creative Commons with Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
• The source code (will be shortly released on GitHub) under 3-Clause BSD license.

Aerial image (true ortho) mosaic of the City of Melbourne municipal area. The true ortho image has been corrected to provide a true ‘top down’ view of the city, removing building lean and other interference typically found in oblique aerial imagery. The aerial image was captured May 2020 and is available for download in georeferenced format (JPEG2000).

Capture Information

- Capture Date: May 2020

- Capture Pixel Size: 10cm ground sample distance

- Map Projection: MGA 2020 Zone 55

– 11 cm absolute accuracy

Limitations:

Whilst every effort is made to provide the data as accurate as possible, the content may not be free from errors, omissions or defects.

Preview Image:

See an example image showing the data quality of the aerial:

Download:

Download the aerial image data as a zipped .jpg2000 file. (45GB)

Digital orthophotos (DOPs) are high-resolution, distortion-free aerial images that have a uniform image scale and an exact relation to the country coordinate system. They document the state of landscape at a given time and contain completely all landscape information visible from the “bird perspective” without having already been selected or structured. DOPs are photo-based, pixel-based, geocoded and true to position and are available with a soil resolution of 0.1 m (DOP10), 0.2 m (DOP20) and 0.4 m (DOP40). Through the use of image processing methods, DOP is created from the current aerial stock. Starting with the 2004 flying year, the DOPs are also available as color infrared images (CIR). Since 2013, the airfields have been included both inside and outside the certified situation. The timeliness for the country’s area is about three years. Aerial photographs or DOPs are ideal for comprehending the historical development of landscapes and settlements. This download service provides colored DOP with a ground resolution of 0.2 m via an atomic feed. The RGBI tiles are available in full color resolution and the RGB and CIR tiles are reduced to 256 colors.

The satellite image of Canada is a composite of several individual satellite images form the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometre (AVHRR) sensor on board various NOAA Satellites. The colours reflect differences in the density of vegetation cover: bright green for dense vegetation in humid southern regions; yellow for semi-arid and for mountainous regions; brown for the north where vegetation cover is very sparse; and white for snow and ice. An inset map shows a satellite image mosaic of North America with 35 land cover classes, based on data from the SPOT satellite VGT (vegetation) sensor.

Aerial photographs were acquired for the Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands Benthic Mapping Project in 1999 by NOAA Aircraft Operation Centers aircraft and National Geodetic Survey cameras and personnel. Approximately 600, color, 9 by 9 inch photos were taken of the coastal waters of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands at 1:48000 scale. Specific sun angle and maximum percent cloud cover re...

In May 2021, the Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center (GCMRC) of the U.S. Geological Survey’s (USGS), Southwest Biological Science Center (SBSC) acquired airborne multispectral high resolution data for the Colorado River in Grand Canyon in Arizona, USA. The imagery data consist of four bands (Band 1 – red, Band 2 – green, Band 3 – blue, and Band 4 – near infrared) with a ground resolution of 20 centimeters (cm). These image data are available to the public as 16-bit GeoTIFF files, which can be read and used by most geographic information system (GIS) and image-processing software. The spatial reference of the image data are in the State Plane (SP) map projection using the central Arizona zone (FIPS 0202) and the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83) National Adjustment of 2011 (NA2011). The airborne data acquisition was conducted under contract by Fugro Earthdata Inc (Fugro) using two fixed wing aircraft from May 29th to June 4th, 2021 at flight altitudes from approximately 2,440 to 3,350 meters above mean sea level. Fugro produced a corridor-wide mosaic using the best possible flight line images with the least amount of smear, the smallest shadow extent, and clearest, most glint-free water possible. The mosaic delivered by Fugro was then further corrected by GCMRC for smear, shadow extent and water clarity as described in the process steps of this metadata and for previous image acquisitions in Durning et al. (2016) and Davis (2012). 47 ground controls points (GCPs) were used to conduct an independent spatial accuracy assessment by GCMRC. The accuracy calculated from the GCPs is reported at 95% confidence as 0.514 m and a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.297 m.

This activity (on page 2 of the PDF) is a full inquiry investigation into aerial imagery. Learners will use the internet to gather free aerial imagery of nearby points of interest (or use laminated images prepped by educator). Then, they will imagine they are traveling in a spaceship to visit Earth for the first time and explore how their view changes as they approach Earth s surface. Relates to linked video, DragonflyTV GPS: Earthquakes.