This graphic shows the forecasted number of Christians, Muslims, Jews, Hindus, Buddhists, religiously unaffiliated people, believers in folk religions and in other religions in France in 2022. With almost ** million people identifying themselves as Christians, Christianity was the most represented religion in France. Furthermore, about **** million people considered themselves religiously unaffiliated.

According to a survey conducted in 2019-2020, ** percent of France's inhabitants who were also immigrants declared themselves to be Muslims. On the other hand, a large majority of French inhabitants with no migrant background declared themselves to be Catholics, indeed there were ** percent of them who felt close to the Christian religion.

This statistic displays the projected Muslim population proportions in selected European countries in 2050, by scenario. In 2010 the proportion of Muslims in the population of Germany was *** percent, compared with *** percent in the UK and *** percent in France. Depending on the different migration scenarios estimated here, Germany's share of Muslims in the population could rise up to **** percent of it's population by 2050, higher than both the UK and France, with projected Muslim populations of **** and ** percent respectively.

This statistic shows the estimated number of Muslims living in different European countries as of 2016. Approximately **** million Muslims were estimated to live in France, the most of any country listed. Germany and the United Kingdom also have large muslim populations with **** million and **** million respectively.

The purported spatial segregation of Muslim populations in Western Europe constitutes a longstanding policy and scholarly concern, yet little spatial data exists for purposes of empirical study. The MAPISLAM dataset is a research effort aimed at bridging this gap for the French empirical context. MAPISLAM is a spatial dataset built from publicly available, online repositories of addresses for places of interest destined to the Muslim communities of France’s major cities.

This graph shows the proportion of the Muslim population in France that was going to the mosque on Friday in 2019, by age group. It appears that the attendance rate at the mosque was the highest among French Muslims between the ages of ** and ** (** percent). It was lower among other older age groups.

France’s halal market will exceed USD 12.82B by 2029, driven by its large Muslim population, retail penetration, and focus on halal-certified quality.

This statistic shows the distribution of Muslims or people of Muslim culture in France in 2016, by employment status. Despite a majority of inactive people among the French Muslim community, it appears that **** percent of French Muslim employees in France had a permanent contract. Moreover, *** percent of Muslims or people of Muslim culture were self-employed business managers, whereas *** were business managers.

Islam is the major religion in many African countries, especially in the north of the continent. In Comoros, Libya, Western Sahara, at least 99 percent of the population was Muslim as of 202. These were the highest percentages on the continent. However, also in many other African nations, the majority of the population was Muslim. In Egypt, for instance, Islam was the religion of 79 percent of the people. Islam and other religions in Africa Africa accounts for an important share of the world’s Muslim population. As of 2019, 16 percent of the Muslims worldwide lived in Sub-Saharan Africa, while 20 percent of them lived in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Together with Christianity, Islam is the most common religious affiliation in Africa, followed by several traditional African religions. Although to a smaller extent, numerous other religions are practiced on the continent: these include Judaism, the Baha’i Faith, Hinduism, and Buddhism. Number of Muslims worldwide Islam is one of the most widespread religions in the world. There are approximately 1.9 billion Muslims globally, with the largest Muslim communities living in the Asia-Pacific region. Specifically, Indonesia hosts the highest number of Muslims worldwide, amounting to over 200 million, followed by India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. Islam is also present in Europe and America. The largest Islamic communities in Europe are in France (5.72 million), Germany (4.95 million), and the United Kingdom (4.13 million). In the United States, there is an estimated number of around 3.45 million Muslims.

This statistic shows the feeling of belonging to a specific religion among people in France in a survey from 2022. It displays that half of respondents stated that they felt linked to Christianism, when around 40 percent of them declared they felt bound to no religion.

This statistic represents the proportion of French Muslim women wearing a headscarf in 2008-2009 and in 2019-2020. According to the source, in 2020, ** percent of Muslim women who were immigrants from North Africa but living in France, wore a headscarf. The different types of Islamic headwear Islam recommends that its followers adopt modest behavior. Thus, women are invited to maintain their modesty by dressing in such a way as to preserve their privacy from the eyes of men, particularly by wearing a veil to cover their hair. However, according to the Quran, wearing a headscarf is not mandatory for Muslim women, who remain free to wear them or not. There are several types of veils with different levels of coverage. While it initially designates all types of veils, the "hijab" is now mainly used to refer to a scarf that covers the head and hair, but not the face. Uncommon in France, the “niqab” masks the entire face apart from the eyes and is often worn with a black garment covering the entire body, including the hands. The “burqa” is a garment, often blue, mainly worn in Afghanistan, which covers the entire woman's body leaving an opening for the eyes, which are protected by a sheer layer. Its use was imposed by the Taliban in the late 1990s. Other veils exist among different Muslim communities of the world, like the "chador", mostly worn in Iran. In France, as in other European countries, full-face veils (notably the "niqab" and the "burqa") are prohibited, although very minor. Wearing a headscarf in Western societies The way Muslim women dress is often a matter of tension and discussion. After the first controversy around the burkini in 2016, the issue of wearing the veil in certain French public places was raised again in 2019 during a school trip to a Regional Council, when a chaperone of the group was asked by an elected representative to take off her "hijab". Some people sometimes tend to confuse the use of Islamic headwear with extremist religious movements.

In 1800, the population of modern day Algeria was estimated to be around 2.5 million people, and by the turn of the twentieth century it had almost doubled to five million. In the first three decades of the nineteenth century, Algeria was a semi-autonomous province of the Ottoman Empire, however an invasion by France in 1830 was the beginning of 130 years of French rule, and the development of Algeria's modern borders by 1875 (although northern Algeria was treated as an extension of the French metropole, with elected representatives in the Assembly). Although the rest of the century saw both medicinal and economic progress, French rule also dismantled traditional Algerian political and societal structures, as well as the oppression of Islam, particularly in rural areas. Algeria in the early 1900s The first few decades of the twentieth century saw increasing Algerian and Islamic influence in local government. Throughout both World Wars, Algerian soldiers played an integral part in the French military, and were responsible for Algeria's liberation from Nazi Germany, as well as decisive campaigns in Italy and France. Although Algerian troops often made up the first wave of soldiers to go into battle, they did not receive the same treatment or pay as their French counterparts, and Algerian veterans did not receive the same rights as French veterans until 2017. As Europe's control over its colonies weakened in the mid-1900s, independence movements in countries such as Algeria gained momentum, and the Algerian War of Independence was one of the most violent and arduous during this time. Although it began as guerilla warfare in 1952, a series of massacres and reprisals led to all-out war in 1955, between the National Liberation Front (FLN) and the French-Algerian government. Up to one million Algerian's lost their lives in the war, and approximately twenty percent of the Muslim population became refugees. The war ended in March 1962, through the Evian Accords, and Algeria's independence was acknowledged on July 3, 1962. Independent Algeria In the aftermath of the war, there was a mass exodus of ethnic Europeans, as well as the systematic genocide of thousands of pro-French Algerians who remained in the country. Much of Algeria's agriculture had been destroyed, it's economy was left without structure as the majority of those in positions of power returned to Europe, and seventy percent of the workforce was unemployed. Relative peace followed and the country slowly modernized over the next three decades, however military rule failed to sufficiently stabilize the country, and the government's attempts to suppress Islam's influence in politics eventually led to a civil war in 1992. The civil war involved different factions with Islamic and pro-government agendas, and was very regionalized. The high number of massacres eventually led to splits within all paramilitary factions, which the government then capitalized on to re-establish control, and the war effectively ended in 2002. Since then, the military's control over Algerian politics has gradually decreased, and Algeria has become more peaceful and democratic (however they have not had an elected President since April 2019). Increased stability has also allowed the population to grow exponentially, and today it is almost 44 million people, double what it was in the mid-1980s.

Ceci est une représentation graphique du nombre de personnes déclarant être croyant en France, selon la religion, en 2020 et en 2030. Avec près de 38 millions de personnes se considérant comme chrétiens, le christianisme était la religion la plus représentée en France en 2020 et devrait, malgré une légère baisse, le rester en 2030 d'après les estimations. Par ailleurs, environ 20,8 millions de personnes ne s'affiliaient à aucune religion en 2020. Ce nombre devrait monter à plus de 24 millions en 2030. Il est également estimé que le nombre de musulmans devrait légèrement augmenter en France entre 2020 et 2030.

Ce graphique montre la proportion de la population musulmane sen France se rendant à la mosquée le vendredi en 2019, en fonction de leur catégorie socioprofessionnelle (CSP). On observe ainsi que la majorité des musulmans de France employés ne fréquentaient pas la mosquée chaque semaine. De même, près de trois quarts des musulmans faisant partie des cadres et professions intellectuelles supérieures n'allaient pas à la mosquée régulièrement.

Ce graphique montre la proportion de la population musulmane en France se rendant à la mosquée le vendredi en 2019, en fonction de leur tranche d'âge. On observe ainsi que le taux de fréquentation de la mosquée était le plus élevé parmi les musulmans français âgés entre 18 et 24 ans : il s'élevait à 40 %. Il était moins élevé parmi les autres tranches d'âge plus avancées.

Le nombre d'actes antimusulmans recensés en France a fortement fluctué entre 2010 et 2023. En 2023, le Service central du renseignement territorial (SCRT) avait reporté 242 actes antimusulmans, un chiffre en hausse par rapport aux trois années précédentes. C'est en 2015, l'année des attentats du 13 novembre et de Charlie Hebdo, que la population musulmane a été la plus touchée avec près de 430 actes antimusulmans recensés.

Ce graphique permet de visualiser la répartition selon la religion des Français en fonction de la religion de leurs parents en 2020. Pour la plupart des religions, les croyances sont transmises de génération en génération. En effet, parmi les Français élevés dans une famille catholique, 67% sont catholiques. Parmi les Français élevés dans une famille musulmane, ce sont même 91% qui sont musulmans. Pour les familles juives, ce taux s'établit à 84%.

Ce graphique montre la proportion de Français musulmans déclarant consommer de l'alcool ou non en 2019, selon le sexe. On observe ainsi que dans l'ensemble, la majorité des musulmans en France, soit 79 %, ne consommaient pas d'alcool.

Cette statistique montre la part des femmes musulmanes portant le voile en France en 2008 - 2009 et en 2019 - 2020, selon le statut migratoire et le pays ou la région d'origine. Entre 2009 et 2020, le port du voile a augmenté pour toutes les catégories de statuts et de pays d'origine. Cependant, les descendantes d'immigrés portaient, en 2020 comme en 2009, moins le voile que les femmes qui ont elles-mêmes immigré en France. Les immigrées de Turquie et du Moyen-Orient étaient celles qui portaient le plus le voile, avec 46% d'entres elles portant le voile en 2020.

In 1498, Vasco da Gama became the first known European to sail to India by circumventing Africa, which ushered in a new age of European sea trade with Asia. Initially, Indian rulers were unimpressed and wary of the Portuguese, and Muslim traders in the region were hostile, but the Portuguese were able to assess what could be traded for exotic goods (mostly spices) and lucrative trade routes were established after subsequent journeys. Additionally, the Portuguese quickly learned that they had the technological advantage in conflict, and repelled attacks from their Muslim rivals. Fortified trading posts, known as factories, were then established along the African and Asian coasts to protect these trade routes, and these became the foundation upon which the Portuguese Empire (Europe's longest-lasting) was built.

Colonization and competition In 1494, the Treaty of Tordesillas saw Portugal and Spain draw a line through the Atlantic, with each crown laying claim to all non-Christian lands on their respective side. No other European power acknowledged these claims, but it would take almost a century for the British, Dutch, or French to begin establishing their own maritime empires; this meant that the Portuguese had a near-monopoly on the Indian spice trade for almost 100 years, and this was the century when their trade with Asia was most active. Portuguese traders not only did business with merchants in India, but they also explored further, and established trade routes with present-day China, Indonesia, and Japan, and even facilitated trade between these cultures. In the 1590s, the Dutch then followed the Portuguese model of empire building and quickly emerged as Portugal's biggest rival in Asia. VOC The Dutch and Portuguese were in conflict for over 60 years, across four continents, and the Asian and African conflicts are often referred to as the "Spice War". The Netherlands eventually usurped Portugal as the strongest European trading power in Asia by the mid-1600s. Most of the Dutch trade was done through the Dutch East India Company (VOC), which is often considered the most valuable company to have ever existed. In the 17th century, 56 percent of all ships that travelled from the given countries to Asia were Dutch, and the figure was over 44 percent in the following century. Such companies were not only trading enterprises, but also acted in the military and political interests of their respective crowns. The VOC went into decline in the mid-1700s, as the British Empire gained the upper hand in its rivalry with the Netherlands. The British East India Company then consolidated its power on the Indian subcontinent, and Dutch interests were largely centered in the East Indies (present-day Indonesia), which remained a Dutch colony until the Second World War. For France, its primary colonial power in Asia was in French Indochina, made up of present-day Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam, although the seven European powers had trade connections all over Asia, and all competed or cooperated with one another at various points in these 300 years.