Astrazeneca was the leading pharmaceutical company in the United Kingdom as of March 7, 2024, with a market capitalization amounting to approximately ***** billion U.S. dollars. GlaxoSmithKline followed as the second largest pharma company in the country, with market capitalization of nearly **** billion U.S. dollars. Examining the development of the FTSE 100 Index, which was launched in January 1984 with a base level of 1,000, increased by more than sevenfold to date. What is the FTSE 100 index? The Financial Times Stock Exchange 100 Index, commonly known as the "Footsie", is the most widely recognized stock market index in the United Kingdom. It is made up of the 100 largest blue-chip companies on the London Stock Exchange. Companies from various sectors, such as healthcare, consumer goods, and energy, are included in the index, as are leading banks of the United Kingdom, such as HSBC, Lloyds Banking Group, and Barclays. Moreover, it can be seen as a reflection of the investment climate in the United Kingdom. What is not included in the FTSE 100 Index? Most notably, the FTSE 100 Index, like most indices, is not adjusted for inflation. While inflation in the United Kingdom has gone down dramatically since 2023, it might be useful to adjust the historic figures on the index when comparing historic data to current levels. This is especially important when the index seems to have increased by a few percentage points because inflation may have increased at a faster rate than stock prices.

The total market capitalization of all companies trading on the London Stock Exchange (LSE) took a large hit during the early months of 2020, due mostly part to a mass sell-off of shares caused by the fears surrounding the global coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Between December 2019 and March 2020, the total value of market capitalization decreased by more than *** billion British pounds (GBP). The overall number of companies currently trading has also been falling. The number of daily trades spiked in March 2020 and then decreased as well. As of February 2025, the total market value of all companies trading on the London Stock Exchange stood at over **** trillion British pounds. European stock exchanges While almost every country has a stock Exchange, in Europe only five exchanges are considered major, with total market capital amounting to over *** trillion euros. The London Stock Exchange is the second largest in Europe and tenth largest worldwide. As of January 2025, Europe’s largest stock exchange, Euronext had a total market capital of listed companies valued at approximately **** trillion U.S. dollars.

Greece ASE: Market Capitalization: FTSE Athex Large Cap Index data was reported at 20,602,468.197 EUR th in Nov 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 20,931,921.681 EUR th for Oct 2018. Greece ASE: Market Capitalization: FTSE Athex Large Cap Index data is updated monthly, averaging 23,762,615.233 EUR th from Feb 2008 (Median) to Nov 2018, with 129 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 85,940,034.040 EUR th in Apr 2008 and a record low of 8,892,189.420 EUR th in May 2012. Greece ASE: Market Capitalization: FTSE Athex Large Cap Index data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Athens Stock Exchange. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Greece – Table GR.Z002: Athens Stock Exchange: Market Capitalization.

South Africa Market Cap: FTSE/JSE: All Share data was reported at 6,474,631.881 ZAR mn in Nov 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 6,695,071.178 ZAR mn for Oct 2018. South Africa Market Cap: FTSE/JSE: All Share data is updated monthly, averaging 4,217,649.318 ZAR mn from Jan 2002 (Median) to Nov 2018, with 203 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7,641,763.129 ZAR mn in Nov 2017 and a record low of 1,010,890.004 ZAR mn in Apr 2003. South Africa Market Cap: FTSE/JSE: All Share data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Johannesburg Stock Exchange. The data is categorized under Global Database’s South Africa – Table ZA.Z004: Johannesburg Stock Exchange: Market Capitalization: by Index.

The FTSE All-Share Index shed around *********** of its value between December 2019 and March 2020, largely due to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, but likely also influenced by the uncertainty around Brexit at the time. Since then, it has recovered and reached its peak of over ***** points at the end of February 2025.The FTSE All-Share Index is the aggregation of the FTSE 100, FTSE 250 FTSE Small Cap indexes, and represents around ***** percent of the total UK market capitalization. Since December 29, 2017 the index has been comprised of the *** largest U.K. companies by market capitalization on the London Stock Exchange.

Key information about United Kingdom Market Capitalization: % of GDP

• United Kingdom Market Capitalization accounted for 82.7 % of its Nominal GDP in Dec 2024, compared with a percentage of 69.6 % in the previous year
• UK Market Capitalization: % Nominal GDP is updated yearly, available from Dec 1999 to Dec 2024
• The data reached an all-time high of 130.7 % in Dec 2006 and a record low of 69.6 % in Dec 2023

CEIC calculates annual Market Capitalization as % of Nominal GDP from monthly Market Capitalization and quarterly Nominal GDP. London Stock Exchange provides Market Capitalization in local currency. The Office for National Statistics provides Nominal GDP in local currency. As of 2017, definitions from the revised Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (MiFID II) have been introduced. Market Capitalization includes domestically listed companies only.


Further information about United Kingdom Market Capitalization: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, FTSE All-Share recorded a daily P/E ratio of 14.4 in Jul 2022
• FTSE 100 closed at 9,720.5 points in Nov 2025

2020 saw unprecedented falls in the FTSE 250 due to the economic downturn created by the COVID-19 pandemic, falling to a value of ******** in March 2020. Since then the index has recovered, reaching ******** points in April 2025.While the FTSE 100 looks at the market capitalization value of the 100 largest companies trading on the London Stock Exchange, the FTSE 250 index consists of the 101st to 350th largest companies.

As of May 2025, the pharmaceutical company AstraZeneca was the leading company listed on the London Exchange (LSE), with a market capitalization of 159 billion British pounds. This made them the largest of all companies listed on the LSE. Seen as the heart of the global financial community, the London Stock Exchange is the second-largest stock market in Europe and ranks eighth globally. Key information The London Stock Exchange (LSE) is among the largest stock market operators globally and ranks 11th in terms of the oldest stock exchanges in existence, with 224 years of operation as of 2025. Performance after Covid The COVID-19 pandemic had a profound effect on the global economy, causing considerable volatility on the stock market. The London Stock Exchange (LSE) saw a notable decline in the market capitalization value of its listed companies, reaching its lowest value in March 2020 at approximately three trillion British pounds in correlation with a surge in the average daily number of trades, which peaked at over two billion. Following this initial reaction, the LSE observed a decrease in the average daily active traders, alongside a gradual recovery in the market capitalization of the listed companies.

Greece ASE: Market Capitalization: FTSE Athex Mid Cap Index data was reported at 746,433.588 EUR th in Nov 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 779,058.196 EUR th for Oct 2018. Greece ASE: Market Capitalization: FTSE Athex Mid Cap Index data is updated monthly, averaging 1,187,654.678 EUR th from Feb 2008 (Median) to Nov 2018, with 129 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 12,795,120.080 EUR th in Feb 2008 and a record low of 499,786.377 EUR th in Sep 2017. Greece ASE: Market Capitalization: FTSE Athex Mid Cap Index data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Athens Stock Exchange. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Greece – Table GR.Z002: Athens Stock Exchange: Market Capitalization.

Techsalerator offers an extensive dataset of End-of-Day Pricing Data for all 26 companies listed on the GEMMA (Gilt Edged Market Maker Association) (GEMX) in United Kingdom. This dataset includes the closing prices of equities (stocks), bonds, and indices at the end of each trading session. End-of-day prices are vital pieces of market data that are widely used by investors, traders, and financial institutions to monitor the performance and value of these assets over time.

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Top 5 used data fields in the End-of-Day Pricing Dataset for United Kingdom :

1. Equity Closing Price :The closing price of individual company stocks at the end of the trading day.This field provides insights into the final price at which market participants were willing to buy or sell shares of a specific company.

2. Bond Closing Price: The closing price of various fixed-income securities, including government bonds, corporate bonds, and municipal bonds. Bond investors use this field to assess the current market value of their bond holdings.

3. Index Closing Price: The closing value of market indices, such as the Botswana stock market index, at the end of the trading day. These indices track the overall market performance and direction.

4. Equity Ticker Symbol: The unique symbol used to identify individual company stocks. Ticker symbols facilitate efficient trading and data retrieval.

5. Date of Closing Price: The specific trading day for which the closing price is provided. This date is essential for historical analysis and trend monitoring.

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Top 5 financial instruments with End-of-Day Pricing Data in United Kingdom:

FTSE 100 Index: The Financial Times Stock Exchange 100 Index, often referred to as the FTSE 100 or "Footsie," is the main benchmark index of the London Stock Exchange. It tracks the performance of the 100 largest publicly traded companies in the United Kingdom based on market capitalization.

FTSE 250 Index: The FTSE 250 Index is another major stock market index in the United Kingdom. It includes the next 250 largest companies listed on the London Stock Exchange after the FTSE 100.

Company X: A prominent British multinational corporation that operates in various sectors, such as finance, technology, or energy. This company's stock is actively traded on the London Stock Exchange.

Company Y: A leading British financial institution that offers banking, investment, and financial services both domestically and internationally. This company's stock is widely traded on the London Stock Exchange.

Company Z: A major British pharmaceutical, consumer goods, or manufacturing company with a significant global presence. This company's stock is listed and actively traded on the London Stock Exchange.

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If you're interested in accessing Techsalerator's End-of-Day Pricing Data for United Kingdom, please contact info@techsalerator.com with your specific requirements. Techsalerator will provide you with a customized quote based on the number of data fields and records you need. The dataset can be delivered within 24 hours, and ongoing access options can be discussed if needed.

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Data fields included:

Equity Ticker Symbol Equity Closing Price Bond Ticker Symbol Bond Closing Price Index Ticker Symbol Index Closing Price Date of Closing Price Equity Name Equity Volume Equity High Price Equity Low Price Equity Open Price Bond Name Bond Coupon Rate Bond Maturity Index Name Index Change Index Percent Change Exchange Currency Total Market Capitalization Dividend Yield Price-to-Earnings Ratio (P/E) ‍

Q&A:

1. How much does the End-of-Day Pricing Data cost in United Kingdom ?

The cost of this dataset may vary depending on factors such as the number of data fields, the frequency of updates, and the total records count. For precise pricing details, it is recommended to directly consult with a Techsalerator Data specialist.

1. How complete is the End-of-Day Pricing Data coverage in United Kingdom?

Techsalerator provides comprehensive coverage of End-of-Day Pricing Data for various financial instruments, including equities, bonds, and indices. Thedataset encompasses major companies and securities traded on United Kingdom exchanges.

1. How does Techsalerator collect this data?

Techsalerator collects End-of-Day Pricing Data from reliable sources, including stock exchanges, financial news outlets, and other market data providers. Data is carefully curated to ensure accuracy and reliability.

1. Can I select specific financial instruments or multiple countries with Techsalerator's End-of-Day Pricing Data?

Techsalerator offers the flexibility to select specific financial instruments, such as equities, bonds, or indices, depending on your needs. While the dataset focuses on Botswana, Techsalerator also provides data for other countries and international markets.

1. How do I pay for this dataset?

Tec...

The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) is the largest stock exchange in the world, with an equity market capitalization of almost ** trillion U.S. dollars as of November 2025. The following largest three exchanges were the NASDAQ, PINK Exchange, and the Frankfurt Exchange. What is a stock exchange? A stock exchange is a marketplace where stockbrokers, traders, buyers, and sellers can trade in equities products. The largest exchanges have thousands of listed companies. These companies sell shares of their business, giving the general public the opportunity to invest in them. The oldest stock exchange worldwide is the Frankfurt Stock Exchange, founded in the late sixteenth century. Other functions of a stock exchange Since these are publicly traded companies, every firm listed on a stock exchange has had an initial public offering (IPO). The largest IPOs can raise billions of dollars in equity for the firm involved. Related to stock exchanges are derivatives exchanges, where stock options, futures contracts, and other derivatives can be traded.

Greece ASE: Market Capitalization: FTSE Athex Financial Services data was reported at 279,618.174 EUR th in Nov 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 283,452.634 EUR th for Oct 2018. Greece ASE: Market Capitalization: FTSE Athex Financial Services data is updated monthly, averaging 492,681.850 EUR th from Feb 2008 (Median) to Nov 2018, with 118 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 6,841,133.260 EUR th in May 2008 and a record low of 279,618.174 EUR th in Nov 2018. Greece ASE: Market Capitalization: FTSE Athex Financial Services data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Athens Stock Exchange. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Greece – Table GR.Z002: Athens Stock Exchange: Market Capitalization.

Context

This dataset provides a comprehensive and clean historical view of the Italian stock market, specifically focusing on the companies within the FTSE MIB and FTSE Italia Mid Cap indices. It was created as the foundational asset for a quantitative finance project aimed at developing and backtesting factor-based investment strategies. The data has undergone a rigorous quality assurance process to remove outliers and logical inconsistencies.

Content

The dataset is composed of three separate CSV files, linked by security_id and date:

1. securities_master.csv The master file containing the list of all securities in the investment universe. * id: Unique integer identifier for each security (Primary Key). * ticker: The unique stock ticker (e.g., ENI.MI). * company_name: The full name of the company. * sector: The business sector of the company. * index_name: The index the stock belongs to (FTSE MIB or FTSE Mid Cap).

2. daily_prices.csv Contains the full daily price history for each security since 2002-01-01. * id: Unique integer identifier for the price record. * security_id: Foreign Key linking to the id in securities_master. * price_date: The trading date in YYYY-MM-DD format. * open, high, low, close: Standard OHLC prices, adjusted for dividends and splits. * volume: The number of shares traded.

3. macro_data.csv Provides the macroeconomic context with daily frequency (using forward-fill for lower frequency data). * data_date: The date in YYYY-MM-DD format. * [Other columns]: Contains various indicators like vix_close, btp_10y_yield, btp_bund_spread, eu_gdp_growth, it_inflation_rate, etc.

Methodology

The data was collected programmatically using Python libraries (yfinance, pandas-datareader) from trusted sources (Yahoo Finance, FRED). A multi-step data cleaning and validation process was applied to ensure quality and consistency.

Inspiration

The primary challenge for this dataset is to build a portfolio selection model that can consistently outperform the FTSE MIB index on a risk-adjusted basis. What factors (Momentum, Volatility, Macro) are most predictive for the Italian market?

This analysis presents a rigorous exploration of financial data, incorporating a diverse range of statistical features. By providing a robust foundation, it facilitates advanced research and innovative modeling techniques within the field of finance.

Will the FTSE 100 Index Reach New Heights?

Financial data:

• Historical daily stock prices (open, high, low, close, volume)

• Fundamental data (e.g., market capitalization, price to earnings P/E ratio, dividend yield, earnings per share EPS, price to earnings growth, debt-to-equity ratio, price-to-book ratio, current ratio, free cash flow, projected earnings growth, return on equity, dividend payout ratio, price to sales ratio, credit rating)

• Technical indicators (e.g., moving averages, RSI, MACD, average directional index, aroon oscillator, stochastic oscillator, on-balance volume, accumulation/distribution A/D line, parabolic SAR indicator, bollinger bands indicators, fibonacci, williams percent range, commodity channel index)

Machine learning features:

• Feature engineering based on financial data and technical indicators

• Sentiment analysis data from social media and news articles

• Macroeconomic data (e.g., GDP, unemployment rate, interest rates, consumer spending, building permits, consumer confidence, inflation, producer price index, money supply, home sales, retail sales, bond yields)

Potential Applications:

• Stock price prediction

• Portfolio optimization

• Algorithmic trading

• Market sentiment analysis

• Risk management

Use Cases:

• Researchers investigating the effectiveness of machine learning in stock market prediction

• Analysts developing quantitative trading Buy/Sell strategies

• Individuals interested in building their own stock market prediction models

• Students learning about machine learning and financial applications

Additional Notes:

• The dataset may include different levels of granularity (e.g., daily, hourly)

• Data cleaning and preprocessing are essential before model training

• Regular updates are recommended to maintain the accuracy and relevance of the data

South Africa Market Cap: FTSE/JSE: Top 40 data was reported at 5,393,552.520 ZAR mn in Nov 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 5,572,826.882 ZAR mn for Oct 2018. South Africa Market Cap: FTSE/JSE: Top 40 data is updated monthly, averaging 3,631,810.017 ZAR mn from Jan 2002 (Median) to Nov 2018, with 203 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 6,403,294.029 ZAR mn in Nov 2017 and a record low of 871,788.703 ZAR mn in Apr 2003. South Africa Market Cap: FTSE/JSE: Top 40 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Johannesburg Stock Exchange. The data is categorized under Global Database’s South Africa – Table ZA.Z004: Johannesburg Stock Exchange: Market Capitalization: by Index.

Index Time Series for Vanguard International Equity Index Funds - Vanguard FTSE Europe ETF. The frequency of the observation is daily. Moving average series are also typically included. The fund employs an indexing investment approach by investing all, or substantially all, of its assets in the common stocks included in the FTSE Developed Europe All Cap Index. The index is a market-capitalization-weighted index.

Greece ASE: Market Capitalization: FTSE Athex Telecommunications data was reported at 2,558,585.031 EUR th in Nov 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 2,413,990.666 EUR th for Oct 2018. Greece ASE: Market Capitalization: FTSE Athex Telecommunications data is updated monthly, averaging 2,413,990.666 EUR th from Feb 2008 (Median) to Nov 2018, with 129 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7,028,756.580 EUR th in Apr 2008 and a record low of 272,979.000 EUR th in Dec 2012. Greece ASE: Market Capitalization: FTSE Athex Telecommunications data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Athens Stock Exchange. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Greece – Table GR.Z002: Athens Stock Exchange: Market Capitalization.

Greece ASE: Market Capitalization: FTSE Athex Real Estate data was reported at 762,366.873 EUR th in Dec 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 739,962.055 EUR th for Nov 2023. Greece ASE: Market Capitalization: FTSE Athex Real Estate data is updated monthly, averaging 464,600.160 EUR th from Dec 2009 (Median) to Dec 2023, with 168 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 797,382.957 EUR th in Jul 2021 and a record low of 15,485.090 EUR th in Apr 2012. Greece ASE: Market Capitalization: FTSE Athex Real Estate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Athens Stock Exchange. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Greece – Table GR.Z002: Athens Stock Exchange: Market Capitalization.

The Brent Stock Market Index, also known as the FTSE 100 Index, is a market capitalization-weighted index of the top 100 companies listed on the London Stock Exchange. It is widely used as a benchmark for the performance of the UK stock market.

As of *********, the German residential real estate company Vonovia SE had the largest net market capitalization in the FTSE EPRA Nareit Developed Europe non-REIT index with almost **** billion euros. In the REIT index, the United Kingdom (UK) industrial real estate company Segro ranked first at almost **** billion euros.Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) are companies which are listed on the stock market and facilitate direct real estate investment. REITs usually distribute at least ** percent of their taxable income to shareholders and in return pay no corporate tax. Not all public real estate investment companies are domiciled in countries with REIT legislation, and not all choose to opt for REIT status. These companies are referred to as non-REITs.