In 2022, the average end-use electricity price in the United States stood at around 12.2 U.S. cents per kilowatt-hour. This figure is projected to decrease in the coming three decades, to reach some 11 U.S. cents per kilowatt-hour by 2050.

US Electricity Prices and Sales by State, Sector, and Year

https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/kaggle-user-content/o/inbox%2F8734253%2Fdba0dac3571f37e79f2891a6ffd80d5c%2Fus%20electric%20flag.png?generation=1712518711362350&alt=media" alt=""> This comprehensive dataset offers a detailed look at the United States electricity market, providing valuable insights into prices, sales, and revenue across various states, sectors, and years. With data spanning from 2001 onwards to 2024, this dataset is a powerful tool for analyzing the complex dynamics of the US electricity market and understanding how it has evolved over time.

The dataset includes eight key variables: | Column Name | Description | |-------|-------| | year | The year of the observation | | month | The month of the observation | | stateDescription | The name of the state | | sectorName | The sector of the electricity market (residential, commercial, industrial, other, or all sectors) | | customers | The number of customers (missing for some observations) | | price | The average price of electricity per kilowatt-hour (kWh) in cents | | revenue | The total revenue generated from electricity sales in millions of dollars | | sales | The total electricity sales in millions of kilowatt-hours (kWh) |

By providing such granular data, this dataset enables users to conduct in-depth analyses of electricity market trends, comparing prices and consumption patterns across different states and sectors, and examining the impact of seasonality on demand and prices.

One of the primary applications of this dataset is in forecasting future electricity prices and sales based on historical trends. By leveraging the extensive time series data available, researchers and analysts can develop sophisticated models to predict how prices and demand may change in the coming years, taking into account factors such as economic growth, population shifts, and policy changes. This predictive power is invaluable for policymakers, energy companies, and investors looking to make informed decisions in the rapidly evolving electricity market.

Another key use case for this dataset is in investigating the complex relationships between electricity prices, sales volumes, and revenue. By combining the price, sales, and revenue data, users can explore how changes in prices impact consumer behavior and utility company bottom lines. This analysis can shed light on important questions such as the price elasticity of electricity demand, the effectiveness of energy efficiency programs, and the potential impact of new technologies like renewable energy and energy storage on the market.

Beyond its immediate applications in the energy sector, this dataset also has broader implications for understanding the US economy and society as a whole. Electricity is a critical input for businesses and households across the country, and changes in electricity prices and consumption can have far-reaching effects on economic growth, competitiveness, and quality of life. By providing such a rich and detailed portrait of the US electricity market, this dataset opens up new avenues for research and insights that can inform public policy, business strategy, and academic inquiry.

I hope you all enjoy using this dataset and find it useful! 🤗

Electricity prices in Europe are expected to remain volatile through 2025, with Italy projected to have some of the highest rates among major European economies. This trend reflects the ongoing challenges in the energy sector, including the transition to renewable sources and the impact of geopolitical events on supply chains. Despite efforts to stabilize the market, prices still have not returned to pre-pandemic levels, such as in countries like Italy, where prices are forecast to reach ****** euros per megawatt hour in September 2025. Natural gas futures shaping electricity costs The electricity market's future trajectory is closely tied to natural gas prices, a key component in power generation. Dutch TTF gas futures, a benchmark for European natural gas prices, are projected to be ***** euros per megawatt hour in July 2025. The reduced output from the Groningen gas field and increased reliance on imports further complicate the pricing landscape, potentially contributing to higher electricity costs in countries like Italy. Regional disparities and global market influences While European electricity prices remain high, significant regional differences persist. For instance, natural gas prices in the United States are expected to be roughly one-third of those in Europe by March 2025, at **** U.S. dollars per million British thermal units. This stark contrast highlights the impact of domestic production capabilities on global natural gas prices. Europe's greater reliance on imports, particularly in the aftermath of geopolitical tensions and the shift away from Russian gas, continues to keep prices elevated compared to more self-sufficient markets. As a result, countries like Italy may face sustained pressure on electricity prices due to their position within the broader European energy market. As of August 2025, electricity prices in Italy have decreased to ****** euros per megawatt hour, reflecting ongoing volatility in the market.

Retail residential electricity prices in the United States have mostly risen over the last decades. In 2023, prices registered a year-over-year growth of 6.3 percent, the highest growth registered since the beginning of the century. Residential prices are projected to continue to grow by two percent in 2024. Drivers of electricity price growth The price of electricity is partially dependent on the various energy sources used for generation, such as coal, gas, oil, renewable energy, or nuclear. In the U.S., electricity prices are highly connected to natural gas prices. As the commodity is exposed to international markets that pay a higher rate, U.S. prices are also expected to rise, as it has been witnessed during the energy crisis in 2022. Electricity demand is also expected to increase, especially in regions that will likely require more heating or cooling as climate change impacts progress, driving up electricity prices. Which states pay the most for electricity? Electricity prices can vary greatly depending on both state and region. Hawaii has the highest electricity prices in the U.S., at roughly 43 U.S. cents per kilowatt-hour as of May 2023, due to the high costs of crude oil used to fuel the state’s electricity. In comparison, Idaho has one of the lowest retail rates. Much of the state’s energy is generated from hydroelectricity, which requires virtually no fuel. In addition, construction costs can be spread out over decades.

Germany Electricity decreased 17.60 EUR/MWh or 15.21% since the beginning of 2025, according to the latest spot benchmarks offered by sellers to buyers priced in megawatt hour (MWh). This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Germany Electricity Price.

Graph and download economic data for Average Price: Electricity per Kilowatt-Hour in U.S. City Average (APU000072610) from Nov 1978 to Sep 2025 about electricity, energy, retail, price, and USA.

Wholesale electricity prices in the United Kingdom hit a record-high in 2022, reaching **** British pence per kilowatt-hour that year. Projections indicate that prices are bound to decrease steadily in the next few years, falling under **** pence per kilowatt-hour by 2030.

This dataset provides values for ELECTRICITY PRICE reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

France Electricity decreased 21.25 EUR/MWh or 30.42% since the beginning of 2025, according to the latest spot benchmarks offered by sellers to buyers priced in megawatt hour (MWh). This dataset includes a chart with historical data for France Electricity Price.

The average wholesale electricity price in September 2025 in the United Kingdom is forecast to amount to*******British pounds per megawatt-hour, a decrease from the previous month. A record high was reached in August 2022 when day-ahead baseload contracts averaged ***** British pounds per megawatt-hour. Electricity price stabilization in Europe Electricity prices increased in 2024 compared to the previous year, when prices stabilized after the energy supply shortage. Price spikes were driven by the growing wholesale prices of natural gas and coal worldwide, which are among the main sources of power in the region.

… and in the United Kingdom? The United Kingdom was one of the countries with the highest electricity prices worldwide during the energy crisis. Since then, prices have been stabilizing, almost to pre-energy crisis levels. The use of nuclear, wind, and bioenergy for electricity generation has been increasing recently. The fuel types are an alternative to fossil fuels and are part of the country's power generation plans going into the future.

Electricity price forecasting (EPF) is a branch of energy forecasting which focuses on predicting the spot and forward prices in wholesale electricity markets. Over the last 15 years electricity price forecasts have become a fundamental input to energy companies’ decision-making mechanisms at the corporate level.

This dataset is a sample of day ahead spotprices in Denmark(DK) and neighboring countries. Prices in DKK are not updated during weekends and on public holidays. Prices in DKK will be updated at the first coming work day.

In Nord Pool Spot market players can buy and sell electricity for delivery the following day in their own area - Norway, Sweden, Finland, Denmark or Germany. The day-ahead prices indicate the balance between supply and demand. Nord Pool

Features :

• Hour UTC: A date and time (interval), shown in UTC time zone, where the values are valid. 00:00 o’clock is the first hour of a given day interval 00:00 - 00:59 and 01:00 covers the second hour (interval) of the day and so forth. Please note: The naming is based on the length of the interval of the finest grain of the resolution.

• Hour DK: A date and time (interval), shown in Danish time zone, where the values are valid. 00:00 o’clock is the first hour of a given day, interval 00:00 - 00:59, and 01:00 covers the second hour period (interval) of the day and so forth.

• Price area: Same as bidding zone. Denmark is divided in two price areas, or bidding zones, divided by the Great Belt. DK1 is west of the Great Belt and DK2 is east of the Great Belt.

• Spot price (DKK): Day ahead Spot Price in the price area(The day-ahead prices indicate the balance between supply and demand.)[Unit: DKK per MWh]

• Spot price (EUR): Day ahead Spot Price in the price area(The day-ahead prices indicate the balance between supply and demand.) [Unit: EUR per MWh]

more: tso-electricity

Inspiration:

• Time-series analysis
• Univariate single and multistep electricity spot price forecasting

Graph and download economic data for Global price of Energy index (PNRGINDEXM) from Jan 1992 to Jun 2025 about energy, World, indexes, and price.

Italy Electricity decreased 4.07 EUR/MWh or 2.96% since the beginning of 2025, according to the latest spot benchmarks offered by sellers to buyers priced in megawatt hour (MWh). This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Italy Electricity Price.

Spain Electricity decreased 65.44 EUR/MWh or 48.17% since the beginning of 2025, according to the latest spot benchmarks offered by sellers to buyers priced in megawatt hour (MWh). This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Spain Electricity Price.

In 2023, the price of electricity for residential consumers in the United States increased from approximately **** U.S. cents per kilowatt-hour in the first quarter of the year to ***** U.S. cents in the fourth quarter. The household electricity price is forecast to remain above **** U.S. dollar cents per kilowatt-hour in 2024, reaching a price of nearly **** U.S. dollar cents per kilowatt-hour in the second half of the year.

California Grid Hourly Prices

2009 Electricity Prices and Net Load Data

By [source]

About this dataset

This dataset offers a comprehensive examination of hourly energy prices and net load for California during 2009. Accessed via HiGRID, this dataset contains detailed information such as the day, hour, net load ([MW]), and electricity price ([$/MWh]) to provide users with an insightful view of the energy consumption in the region throughout the year. By understanding these prominent figures of electricity use, users can develop economically savvy solutions to reduce their energy costs while living sustainably

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How to use the dataset

This dataset contains hourly electricity prices and net load data for California in 2009. It is intended to be used as input for modeling energy-efficiency in buildings.

Here’s how you can use this dataset to model the energy efficiency of a building: - Gain an understanding of the current net load in your area (Net Load [MW]). Net load refers to the total amount of electricity used by all customers minus the total amount generated from power plants and other sources. It’s important to understand current conditions since they will affect your building’s power consumption and future bills. 2 Examine day-of-week trends in energy usage (Day). Studying these trends will help you predict when peak demand occurs, as well as when pricing may increase or decrease due to changes in consumer behavior.
3 Analyze hourly levels of electricity price (Electricity Price [$/MWh]). Knowing what time each day is more expensive than others allows you to adjust building behaviors accordingly, such as using more efficient equipment during peak hours or implementing strategies like storage or load shifting that take advantage of any price arbitrage opportunities between different times blocks during certain days of the week . 4 Review overall average costs over a long period of time (Hour). Comparing month-to-month values for both net load and prices helps ensure that planned improvements are creating real cost savings results over time, especially when benchmarked against previous normal operating conditions observed over a long period giving reliable normalized baseline accuracy with less variability analysis than any individual data set could provide from within its respective domain's sample space alone

Research Ideas

• Analyzing the correlation between electricity prices and net load in order to identify optimal times for businesses to purchase and use electricity.
• Assessing the impact of different external factors (e.g., weather) on energy prices and net load in order to inform decision making on energy strategy and investment opportunities.
• Utilizing time-series data analytics to study patterns in net load across days of the week, as well as within specified time frames (e.g., peak hours) over larger periods of time, such as months or years

Acknowledgements

If you use this dataset in your research, please credit the original authors. Data Source

License

License: CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) - Public Domain Dedication No Copyright - You can copy, modify, distribute and perform the work, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. See Other Information.

Columns

File: Historical_Net_Load_and_Electricity_Price.csv | Column name | Description | |:------------------------------|:-----------------------------------------------------------| | Day | The day of the week. (String) | | Hour | The hour of the day. (Integer) | | Net Load [MW] | The amount of electricity being used in megawatts. (Float) | | Electricity Price [$/MWh] | The cost of electricity per megawatt hour. (Float) |

Acknowledgements

If you use this dataset in your research, please credit the original authors. If you use this dataset in your research, please credit .

Denmark - Electricity prices: Medium size households was EUR0.37 Kilowatt-hour in December of 2024, according to the EUROSTAT. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for Denmark - Electricity prices: Medium size households - last updated from the EUROSTAT on December of 2025. Historically, Denmark - Electricity prices: Medium size households reached a record high of EUR0.46 Kilowatt-hour in December of 2022 and a record low of EUR0.27 Kilowatt-hour in December of 2010.

Electricity Market Transparency

​Transparency has improved markedly in Europe over the past few years, culminating in Regulation (EU) No 5 43/2013 of 14 June 2013 on submission and publication of data in electricity markets. Through this Regulation, it has now become mandatory for European Member State data providers and owners to submit fundamental information related to electricity generation, load, transmission and balancing for publication through the ENTSO-E Transparency Platform.

Transparency is essential for the implementation of the Internal Electricity Market (IEM) and for the creation of efficient, liquid and competitive wholesale markets. It is also critical for creating a level playing field between market participants and avoiding the scope for market power (if it exists) to be abused.This platform enables the provision of the required electricity market information for the future and further facilitates the development of efficient and competitive energy markets across Europe. Such developments support the steady evolution of electricity markets across Europe in terms of integration, competition

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