In 2022, the average end-use electricity price in the United States stood at around 12.2 U.S. cents per kilowatt-hour. This figure is projected to decrease in the coming three decades, to reach some 11 U.S. cents per kilowatt-hour by 2050.

Electricity prices in Europe are expected to remain volatile through 2025, with Italy projected to have some of the highest rates among major European economies. This trend reflects the ongoing challenges in the energy sector, including the transition to renewable sources and the impact of geopolitical events on supply chains. Despite efforts to stabilize the market, prices in countries like Italy are forecast to reach ****** euros per megawatt hour by February 2025, indicating persistent pressure on consumers and businesses alike. Natural gas futures shaping electricity costs The electricity market's future trajectory is closely tied to natural gas prices, a key component in power generation. Dutch TTF gas futures, a benchmark for European natural gas prices, are projected to be ***** euros per megawatt hour in July 2025. The reduced output from the Groningen gas field and increased reliance on imports further complicate the pricing landscape, potentially contributing to higher electricity costs in countries like Italy. Regional disparities and global market influences While European electricity prices remain high, significant regional differences persist. For instance, natural gas prices in the United States are expected to be roughly one-third of those in Europe by March 2025, at **** U.S. dollars per million British thermal units. This stark contrast highlights the impact of domestic production capabilities on global natural gas prices. Europe's greater reliance on imports, particularly in the aftermath of geopolitical tensions and the shift away from Russian gas, continues to keep prices elevated compared to more self-sufficient markets. As a result, countries like Italy may face sustained pressure on electricity prices due to their position within the broader European energy market.

Germany Electricity decreased 27.86 EUR/MWh or 24.07% since the beginning of 2025, according to the latest spot benchmarks offered by sellers to buyers priced in megawatt hour (MWh). This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Germany Electricity Price.

Wholesale electricity prices in the United Kingdom hit a record-high in 2022, reaching **** British pence per kilowatt-hour that year. Projections indicate that prices are bound to decrease steadily in the next few years, falling under **** pence per kilowatt-hour by 2030.

This dataset provides values for ELECTRICITY PRICE reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

The average wholesale electricity price in August 2025 in the United Kingdom is forecast to amount to*******British pounds per megawatt-hour, a decrease from the previous month. A record high was reached in August 2022 when day-ahead baseload contracts averaged ***** British pounds per megawatt-hour. Electricity price stabilization in Europe Electricity prices increased in 2024 compared to the previous year, when prices stabilized after the energy supply shortage. Price spikes were driven by the growing wholesale prices of natural gas and coal worldwide, which are among the main sources of power in the region.

… and in the United Kingdom? The United Kingdom was one of the countries with the highest electricity prices worldwide during the energy crisis. Since then, prices have been stabilizing, almost to pre-energy crisis levels. The use of nuclear, wind, and bioenergy for electricity generation has been increasing recently. The fuel types are an alternative to fossil fuels and are part of the country's power generation plans going into the future.

Italy Electricity decreased 25.16 EUR/MWh or 18.27% since the beginning of 2025, according to the latest spot benchmarks offered by sellers to buyers priced in megawatt hour (MWh). This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Italy Electricity Price.

In 2023, the price of electricity for residential consumers in the United States increased from approximately **** U.S. cents per kilowatt-hour in the first quarter of the year to ***** U.S. cents in the fourth quarter. The household electricity price is forecast to remain above **** U.S. dollar cents per kilowatt-hour in 2024, reaching a price of nearly **** U.S. dollar cents per kilowatt-hour in the second half of the year.

Graph and download economic data for Global price of Energy index (PNRGINDEXM) from Jan 1992 to Jun 2025 about energy, World, indexes, and price.

Electric power selling price index (EPSPI). Monthly data are available from January 1981. The table presents data for the most recent reference period and the last four periods. The base period for the index is (2014=100).

France Electricity decreased 9.80 EUR/MWh or 14.03% since the beginning of 2025, according to the latest spot benchmarks offered by sellers to buyers priced in megawatt hour (MWh). This dataset includes a chart with historical data for France Electricity Price.

The global energy price index stood at around 101.5 in 2024. Energy prices were on a decreasing trend that year, and forecasts suggest the price index would decrease below 80 by 2026. Price indices show the development of prices for goods or services over time relative to a base year. Commodity prices may be dependent on various factors, from supply and demand to overall economic growth. Electricity prices around the world As with overall fuel prices, electricity costs for end users are dependent on power infrastructure, technology type, domestic production, and governmental levies and taxes. Generally, electricity prices are lower in countries with great coal and gas resources, as those have historically been the main sources for electricity generation. This is one of the reasons why electricity prices are lowest in resource-rich countries such as Iran, Qatar, and Russia. Meanwhile, many European governments that have introduced renewable surcharges to support the deployment of solar and wind power and are at the same time dependent on fossil fuel imports, have the highest household electricity prices. Benchmark oil prices One of the commodities found within the energy market is oil. Oil is the main raw material for all common motor fuels, from gasoline to kerosene. In resource-poor and remote regions such as the United States' states of Alaska and Hawaii, or the European country of Cyprus, it is also one of the largest sources for electricity generation. Benchmark oil prices such as Europe’s Brent, the U.S.' WTI, or the OPEC basket are often used as indicators for the overall energy price development.

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The retail price for electricity in the United States stood at an average of ***** U.S. dollar cents per kilowatt-hour in 2024. This is the highest figure reported in the indicated period. Nevertheless, the U.S. still has one of the lowest electricity prices worldwide. As a major producer of primary energy, energy prices are lower than in countries that are more reliant on imports or impose higher taxes. Regional variations and sector disparities The impact of rising electricity costs across U.S. states is not uniform. Hawaii stands out with the highest household electricity price, reaching a staggering ***** U.S. cents per kilowatt-hour in September 2024. This stark contrast is primarily due to Hawaii's heavy reliance on imported oil for power generation. On the other hand, states like Utah benefit from lower rates, with prices around **** U.S. cents per kilowatt-hour. Regarding U.S. prices by sector, residential customers have borne the brunt of price increases, paying an average of ***** U.S. cents per kilowatt-hour in 2023, significantly more than commercial and industrial sectors. Factors driving price increases Several factors contribute to the upward trend in electricity prices. The integration of renewable energy sources, investments in smart grid technologies, and rising peak demand all play a role. Additionally, the global energy crisis of 2022 and natural disasters affecting power infrastructure have put pressure on the electric utility industry. The close connection between U.S. electricity prices and natural gas markets also influences rates, as domestic prices are affected by higher-paying international markets. Looking ahead, projections suggest a continued increase in electricity prices, with residential rates expected to grow by *** percent in 2024, driven by factors such as increased demand and the ongoing effects of climate change.

The objective of the project was to provide econometric analysis and theory for modelling energy and soft commodity prices. This necessitated data analysis and modelling together with theoretical econometrics, dealing with the specific stylised facts of commodity prices. In order to analyse energy and soft commodity prices, the determination of spot energy prices in regulated markets was first considered, from the point of view of the regulator. Direct data analysis of futures commodity prices was then undertaken, resulting in the collection of an extensive dataset of most traded futures commodity prices at a daily frequency, covering 16 different commodities over a 10-year period.

As Australia looks to a cleaner future, solar power offers a bright alternative to emissions-intensive fossil fuels. Advances in solar photovoltaic (PV) technologies have made solar commercially viable, with China manufacturing most of the world's solar panels. In contrast to small-scale solar, which is covering more Australian homes than ever before, the utility-scale market remains relatively untapped. Buoyed by public sector support, private capital is now flooding into new solar projects and propelling capacity growth. Larger farms are being constructed to generate economies of scale and serve industrial firms. Amid vocal consumer and shareholder support for clean energy, businesses are adopting net-zero targets and locking in Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs) with solar generators, while also creating demand for Large-scale Generation Certificates (LGCs). In recent years, solar generators have capitalised on inflated wholesale electricity prices and banked healthy profit margins. The lack of material inputs has saved solar generators from high coal and gas prices, which surged in 2021-22 and 2022-23. Wholesale electricity markets are pegged to global fossil fuel prices because fossil fuel electricity generation is important in Australia's electricity supply chain. This meant that while wholesale electricity prices surged to unprecedented highs, solar power generation’s profitability also rose sharply. This shock tapered off in 2023-24, with declining wholesale prices contributing to the industry's first ever decline in annual revenue. However, revenue is expected to expand 8.7% in 2024-25, as wholesale prices have jumped and generation capacity has continued to expand as more solar farms have come through the pipeline. In total, revenue is expected to have surged at an annualised 28.9% over the five years through 2024-25, to $2.1 billion. Solar power generators will face headwinds in the coming years. Wholesale markets are set to continue being erratic as renewable capacity grows and coal-fired generators start to close. Annual revenue will be constrained despite continued growth in the volume of power generated by large-scale solar. Electricity wholesale prices are forecast to recede, particularly over the medium term, as renewables account for a larger share of the energy mix. At the same time, LGC markets will contend with a fixed Renewable Energy Target, which is set at an already-met 33,000 GWh until 2030. Overall, revenue is projected to climb at an annualised 9.6% over the five years through 2029-30, to $3.4 billion.

Given the key role of renewable energies in current and future electricity markets, it is important to understand how they affect firms' pricing incentives in these markets. In this paper, we study whether renewables depress electricity market prices, and how this effect depends on their degree of market price exposure. Our theoretical analysis shows that paying renewables with fixed prices, rather than with market-based prices, is relatively more effective at curbing market power when the dominant electricity firms own large shares of the renewable capacity, and vice-versa. To test this prediction, our empirical analysis leverages several short-lived changes to renewable energy pricing mechanisms in the Spanish electricity market. In this context, we find that the switch from full price exposure to fixed prices caused a 2-4% reduction in the average price-cost markup.

The objective of the plan4res project is to provide a well-structured and highly modular modelling framework to enable consistent insights into the different needs of future energy system. Three case studies will highlight the potentials of this framework by dealing with different aspects of a future energy systems. Case study 3 will focus on cost of RES integration and impact of climate change for the European electricity system in a future world with high shares of renewable energy sources. Ist overall objectives are to identify the Cost of RES integration and impact of climate change for the European electricity system in a future world with high shares of renewable energy sources will be the main focus of case study 3. The present dataset contains all the public data built for this case study. The related documentation is included in plan4res deliverable D4.5 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3785010

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner. The objective of the project was to provide econometric analysis and theory for modelling energy and soft commodity prices. This necessitated data analysis and modelling together with theoretical econometrics, dealing with the specific stylised facts of commodity prices. In order to analyse energy and soft commodity prices, the determination of spot energy prices in regulated markets was first considered, from the point of view of the regulator. Direct data analysis of futures commodity prices was then undertaken, resulting in the collection of an extensive dataset of most traded futures commodity prices at a daily frequency, covering 16 different commodities over a 10-year period. Main Topics: The commodities covered include electricity, oil, gas and other commodities, including coffee, cocoa, sugar, cereal and pulse crops. Other energy utility company details are also included in the data.

Dataset for TradeRES scenarios

The TradeRES project created four central scenarios of the future European power system. “Scenario” within TradeRES refers to a structured input data collection that encapsulates certain properties of the underlying future energy system. The four scenarios, abbreviated S1, S2, S3 and S4, are carbon-free by assumption and vary in terms of the flexibility of the demand-side, the variability of the supply-side and the degree of sector-coupling. In addition, TradeRES created a scenario S0 to represent an intermediate energy system on the path to decarbonisation. This scenario S0 with a 60% non-thermal renewables penetration, is considered in some case studies as a departing scenario for reference. It considers exogenous electricity generation capacities based on 2030 national energy and climate plans.

In addition, TradeRES created scenarios for additional analysis where, for example, the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) of technologies was varied.

The common data on the scenarios are given in the supplementary data file D2.1_TradeRES_Scenario_data_v3.xlsx. The table below describes the data items that are included in the data file. The report D2.1_TradeRES_A-database-of-TradeRES-scenarios_Ed3.pdf describes in more detail the scenarios and data files.