Forex daily volume was nearly ***** billion U.S. dollars for the USD currency, an amount ***** times higher than for the euro (EUR). The forex - or foreign exchange market - turnover per day is a figure that is not often measured, only once every three years. No figures are available for 2020, for instance. What figures are available, however, indicate that the USD currency far outweighs that of many other currencies all over the world. What is the forex market? The forex market is based on the fluctuations in the value of currency interest rates. For example, the U.S. dollar performs differently against other major currencies. If one can properly predict these fluctuations, they can buy a weaker currency with a stronger one. After the currencies rebalance, the original currency will be worth more in terms of the exchange rate, giving the investor a profit. There are many foreign exchange trading services, including many multinational banks that already work in multiple currencies. Other currency trading functions Countries and central banks typically hold foreign currencies. These international reserves help facilitate the transactions in international trade, which is one reason China’s foreign reserves are so high. Countries can buy and sell foreign currencies to maintain a particular exchange rate. This is necessary for currencies that are pegged to another currency, such as the U.S. dollar. However, some countries are accused of exchange rate manipulation to make their exports seem more attractive. Finally, certain currencies are considered safer. Citizens and firms in a country with an unstable currency will buy these currencies to avoid volatility, or even hyperinflation, in their home currency.

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Foreign Exchange Market Size 2025-2029

The foreign exchange market size is valued to increase by USD 582 billion, at a CAGR of 10.6% from 2024 to 2029. Growing urbanization and digitalization will drive the foreign exchange market.

Major Market Trends & Insights

Europe dominated the market and accounted for a 47% growth during the forecast period.
By Type - Reporting dealers segment was valued at USD 278.60 billion in 2023
By Trade Finance Instruments - Currency swaps segment accounted for the largest market revenue share in 2023

Market Size & Forecast

Market Opportunities: USD 118.14 billion
Market Future Opportunities: USD 582.00 billion
CAGR from 2024 to 2029 : 10.6%

Market Summary

The market, a dynamic and intricate web of financial transactions, plays a pivotal role in facilitating global trade and economic interactions. Its primary function is to enable the conversion of one currency into another, thereby mitigating the risk of currency fluctuations for businesses and investors. Key drivers of this market include growing urbanization and digitalization, which have expanded trading opportunities to a 24x7 global economy. However, the uncertainty of future exchange rates poses a significant challenge, necessitating effective risk management strategies. The market's evolution reflects the increasing interconnectedness of the global economy. Transactions occur in a decentralized, over-the-counter system, with major trading centers in London, New York, and Tokyo.
Participants include commercial banks, investment banks, hedge funds, and individual investors, all seeking to capitalize on price differences between currencies. Trends shaping the market include the increasing use of automation and artificial intelligence to analyze market data and execute trades. Regulatory changes, such as the introduction of stricter capital requirements, also impact the market's functioning. Looking ahead, the market is expected to remain a vital component of the global financial landscape, with continued growth driven by increased trade and economic interdependence. However, challenges, such as regulatory changes and geopolitical risks, will necessitate adaptability and innovation from market participants.

What will be the Size of the Foreign Exchange Market during the forecast period?

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How is the Foreign Exchange Market Segmented ?

The foreign exchange industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Type

  Reporting dealers
  Financial institutions
  Non-financial customers


Trade Finance Instruments

  Currency swaps
  Outright forward and FX swaps
  FX options


Trading Platforms

  Electronic Trading
  Over-the-Counter (OTC)
  Mobile Trading


Geography

  North America

    US
    Canada


  Europe

    Germany
    Switzerland
    UK


  Middle East and Africa

    UAE


  APAC

    China
    India
    Japan


  South America

    Brazil


  Rest of World (ROW)

By Type Insights

The reporting dealers segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

The market, a dynamic and ever-evolving financial landscape, is characterized by constant activity and intricate patterns. Participants engage in various trading strategies, employing advanced tools such as stop-loss and take-profit orders on forex trading platforms. Real-time data feeds and order book dynamics facilitate trade execution speed, while market microstructure and slippage minimization techniques ensure efficient transactions. Currency correlation analysis and transaction cost analysis are integral to informed decision-making, with backtesting methodologies providing valuable insights. Currency forwards contracts, position sizing techniques, and forex derivatives pricing are essential components of risk management systems. Carry trade strategies, hedging strategies, and interest rate parity are popular tactics employed by market participants.

Algorithmic trading strategies, driven by options pricing models and trading algorithms' efficiency, significantly influence price discovery mechanisms. High-frequency trading and volatility modeling contribute to the market's liquidity risk management, while foreign exchange swaps and currency option valuation help manage risk. The market's complexities necessitate sophisticated risk management systems and intricate order routing optimization. Global payments systems facilitate the smooth transfer of funds, and liquidity risk management remains a critical concern for market participants. According to recent studies, The market is estimated to account for approximately USD6 trillion in daily trading volume, und

In 2025, the United Kingdom had by far the largest OTC (over-the-counter) foreign exchange (forex) market, with an average daily turnover of around *** trillion U.S. dollars. Of this, the vast majority was due to various kinds of forex derivatives, with swaps being the most common forex instrument traded. Standard spot transactions, where two currencies are exchanged at an agreed price within two days and without a contract, accounted for roughly *** trillion U.S. dollars of the total average daily turnover.

According to Cognitive Market Research, the global Foreign Exchange market size was USD 807548.5 million in 2024. It will expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.00% from 2024 to 2031.

North America held the major market share for more than 40% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 323019.40 million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.2% from 2024 to 2031.
Europe accounted for a market share of over 30% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 242264.55 million.
Asia Pacific held a market share of around 23% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 185736.16 million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9.0% from 2024 to 2031.
Latin America had a market share of more than 5% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 40377.43 million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.4% from 2024 to 2031.
Middle East and Africa had a market share of around 2% of the global revenue and was estimated at a market size of USD 16150.97 million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.7% from 2024 to 2031.
Forex Options are the fastest-growing segment in the Foreign Exchange market by type, driven by their flexibility for hedging and speculative trading

Market Dynamics

Key Drivers

The interplay of currency supply and demand dictates forex market movements.

The interplay of currency supply and demand fundamentally dictates movements in the foreign exchange market, a colossal marketplace with an average daily trading volume of approximately $2.44 trillion as of January 2025. This dynamic is powerfully influenced by central bank monetary policy, as demonstrated by the direct impact of interest rate changes. When a central bank raises interest rates, it increases the demand for its currency from foreign investors seeking higher returns on their assets. A mere 25 basis point increase in interest rates can trigger capital inflows sufficient to appreciate a currency by 1-2% against other currencies. This demand is further influenced by a country's economic health, as a strong economy, like the U.S.'s projected 1.4% GDP growth in 2025, attracts significant foreign investment, thereby increasing the demand for its currency. The balance of a country's trade also directly impacts currency flows; a nation with a trade surplus sees a continuous demand for its currency as foreigners buy its exports, while a trade deficit increases supply as local buyers sell their currency for imports. Ultimately, every economic data point and policy decision contribute to the daily flux of supply and demand, creating the volatile and dynamic market movements that drive trillions of dollars in trading volume across the globe.

Source -

https://www.tradeweb.com/newsroom/media-center/news-releases/tradeweb-reports-january-2025-total-trading-volume-of-$54.6-trillion-and-average-daily-volume-of-$2.44-trillion

https://www.bea.gov/news/2025/gross-domestic-product-1st-quarter-2025-advance-estimate

Key Restraints

The foreign exchange market's expansion is limited by its transparency and counterparty risk challenges.

The foreign exchange market's expansion is significantly limited by a lack of transparency and pervasive counterparty risk, both of which are direct consequences of its decentralized, Over-the-Counter (OTC) structure. According to the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) Triennial Survey, a staggering 80% of all forex turnover happens in this OTC environment, including 28% of spot trades and 51% of swaps. This structural opaqueness leads to fragmented pricing and makes it difficult for participants to assess true market depth, thereby eroding confidence. This setup also exposes participants to significant counterparty risk, as there is no central clearinghouse to guarantee trades. This risk is underscored by recent regulatory actions, with French authorities adding 50 new websites to their blacklist of unauthorized platforms in the first half of 2024, and the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) maintaining its own alert list against unregulated brokers. Ultimately, these quantifiable risks pose a fundamental restraint on market expansion by increasing trading costs, undermining trust, and deterring both institutional and retail participants.

Source –

https://www.bis.org/statistics/rpfx22_fx.html

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Context The dataset contains daily prices of Bitcoin from 13-07-2010 to 19-04-2023 (scrapped from coinmarketcap.com)

Description Open: Price from the first transaction of a business day High: Maximum price in a day Low: Minimum price in a day Close: Price from the last transaction of a trading day Volume: Number of units traded in a day Market Cap: Total dollar value of all the Bitcoins

Average daily turnover of the U.S. dollar on global foreign exchange (forex) markets increased more than **** fold from 2001 to 2022. In total - covering both spot transactions and forex derivatives like swaps, forwards and options - the average daily turnover of the U.S. dollar as of ********** amounted to *** trillion U.S. dollars. The forex - or foreign exchange market - turnover per day is a figure that is not often measured, only once every three years. No figures are available for 2020, for instance.

This dataset provides comprehensive historical data on Bitcoin, a leading cryptocurrency in the digital finance space. The dataset covers a range of key aspects, including daily price movements, market trends, trading volumes, and additional relevant metrics. It is a valuable resource for researchers, analysts, and enthusiasts interested in gaining insights into Bitcoin's market behavior and performance over time.

Key Features:

Date: The date of the recorded data points. Open: The opening price of Bitcoin on a given day. High: The highest price reached during the day. Low: The lowest price reached during the day. Close: The closing price of Bitcoin on a given day. Total Trade Quantity: The total quantity of Bitcoin traded on a given day. Turnover (Lacs): The total turnover (value of all trades) in Bitcoin.

Column Profiling:

Date: This column contains temporal data representing the date of each recorded observation. It is likely a datetime format and may exhibit a time series pattern.

Open, High, Low, Close: These columns represent the price levels of Bitcoin at different points in a trading day. They are continuous numerical variables and may have fluctuations and trends.

Total Trade Quantity: This column represents the total quantity of Bitcoin traded. It is a continuous numerical variable indicating market activity and liquidity.

Turnover (Lacs): This column represents the total turnover in Bitcoin, providing insights into the overall value of trading activity.

Explore this dataset to perform in-depth analyses, create predictive models, or derive actionable insights related to Bitcoin's market dynamics.

This dataset contains daily exchange rate data for CHF/INR from 2015 to 2020, with a total of 1,567 records. The dataset includes the following key attributes:

Open Price: The first recorded price of CHF/INR at the beginning of the trading day. Close Price: The last recorded price of CHF/INR at the end of the trading day. High Price: The highest exchange rate observed during the trading day. Low Price: The lowest exchange rate observed during the trading day. Volume refers to the total number of trades or the total amount of a currency exchanged during a specific time period, such as a day. This dataset is useful for forex market analysis, time series forecasting, and financial modeling. Source https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1680/11/8/396 https://in.investing.com/currencies/

The Bitcoin Historical Price dataset offers a comprehensive and detailed record of the price dynamics of Bitcoin (BTC) against the US Dollar (USD) over an extended period. Spanning from 2015 to 2023, this dataset provides a wealth of valuable information for researchers, analysts, and cryptocurrency enthusiasts.

This dataset captures the daily price movements of Bitcoin, allowing users to analyze the market trends, price volatility, and overall performance of the leading cryptocurrency. Each data point includes the closing price of Bitcoin in USD for a particular day, as well as the corresponding trading volume, indicating the level of market activity during that period.

By examining this dataset, researchers can gain insights into the historical price fluctuations of Bitcoin, identifying significant market events, such as bull and bear runs, price corrections, and periods of stability. It enables the analysis of long-term trends and the identification of patterns that may assist in predicting future price movements.

Moreover, the inclusion of trading volume data provides additional context to the price movements. Volume can offer insights into the market liquidity, investor sentiment, and the overall demand for Bitcoin during specific timeframes. By correlating price and volume data, analysts can gain a deeper understanding of market dynamics and the forces driving Bitcoin's price action.

The Bitcoin Historical Price dataset is an invaluable resource for data-driven research, quantitative analysis, backtesting trading strategies, and building predictive models. It serves as a foundation for studying Bitcoin's historical performance, understanding the cryptocurrency market, and making informed decisions in the ever-evolving world of cryptocurrencies.

By the end of 2019, forex trades involving the Australian dollar in Australia had grown by over 100 percent compared to the turnover in 2001. In total - covering both spot transactions and forex derivatives like swaps forwards and options - the average daily turnover in as of April 2019 amounted to ****** billion U.S. dollars. The forex - or foreign exchange market - turnover per day is a figure that is not often measured, only once every three years. No figures are available for 2020, for instance.

Context

This dataset provides historical price data for Bitcoin, a decentralized digital currency known for its volatility and widespread adoption in financial markets. Bitcoin, often referred to as digital gold, has garnered significant attention from investors, traders, and researchers due to its unique properties as a borderless, censorship-resistant store of value and medium of exchange.

Content

The dataset consists of seven columns: Date: The timestamp indicating the date of the recorded prices. Open: The opening price of Bitcoin on the given date. High: The highest price of Bitcoin reached during the day. Low: The lowest price of Bitcoin reached during the day. Close: The closing price of Bitcoin on the given date. Adj Close: The adjusted closing price. Volume: The trading volume of Bitcoin on the given date, indicating the total number of coins traded.

Sources

The dataset downloaded from Yahoo finance.

Inspiration

This dataset is designed to serve as a valuable resource for researchers, traders, and enthusiasts interested in analyzing Bitcoin price trends, conducting technical analysis, developing trading strategies, and studying the cryptocurrency market dynamics. Analysts can explore the dataset to identify patterns, correlations with other assets, and potential indicators of market sentiment or investor behavior.

Whether you're a data scientist seeking insights into cryptocurrency markets or a hobbyist curious about Bitcoin's price evolution, this dataset offers a comprehensive overview of historical Bitcoin price movements, empowering users to derive meaningful insights and make informed decisions in the dynamic world of cryptocurrencies.

The euro and U.S. dollar made up more than ***** of 10 SWIFT payments worldwide in September 2025, outperforming many other currencies. This is according to a monthly report meant to track the market share of China's yuan renminbi within the international bank transfer system SWIFT. Although China holds the largest forex reserves in the world, the yuan ranked as the *****-used currency in international payments. The figures concern customer-initiated and institutional payments and exclude trade. Discussions on the potential weakening role of the U.S. dollar especially touch world trade and forex. For example, the share of the USD in forex reserves declined visibly against the euro and Japanese yen in 2024. What sparked this de-dollarization trend, and will it continue? Trade sanctions and de-dollarization De-dollarization in 2024 is mentioned mostly alongside trade and the BRICS countries - an informal name given to Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. The combined GDP of BRICS is about ** percent of the world's economy. After the start of the Ukraine war and Russia received economic sanctions, the BRICS slowly evolved into a trading bloc. The group increasingly wanted its own currency to settle payments within the trade bloc, to avoid using the U.S. dollar. In August 2024, BRICS gathered in South Africa to discuss the creation of such a new joint currency. Additionally, ** countries - including Argentina, Algeria, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Yemen - expressed interest in joining the BRICS group. CBDC, or projects into a digital payment settlement A factor of future uncertainty for the U.S. dollar is how central bank digital currencies (CBDC) develop in emerging countries. Several projects exist between individual countries that specifically target cross-border interbank payments. A cooperation between Thailand and Hong Kong, Inthanon-Lionrock, ranks as the most advanced of these projects. CBDC does not require the U.S. dollar to function. Tangible such as commodities or gold can back them. The value of transactions processed with CBDC is to grow by ******* percent between 2024 and 2030.