The average wholesale electricity price in September 2025 in the United Kingdom is forecast to amount to*******British pounds per megawatt-hour, a decrease from the previous month. A record high was reached in August 2022 when day-ahead baseload contracts averaged ***** British pounds per megawatt-hour. Electricity price stabilization in Europe Electricity prices increased in 2024 compared to the previous year, when prices stabilized after the energy supply shortage. Price spikes were driven by the growing wholesale prices of natural gas and coal worldwide, which are among the main sources of power in the region.

… and in the United Kingdom? The United Kingdom was one of the countries with the highest electricity prices worldwide during the energy crisis. Since then, prices have been stabilizing, almost to pre-energy crisis levels. The use of nuclear, wind, and bioenergy for electricity generation has been increasing recently. The fuel types are an alternative to fossil fuels and are part of the country's power generation plans going into the future.

This table shows the average prices paid for natural gas and electricity. The total prices represent the sum of energy supply prices and network prices.

The total price is the price paid by an end-user, for instance a household or an industrial company consuming energy in their production process. Natural gas used for non-energy purposes or for electricity generation is excluded from the data.

Data available from: 1st semester of 2009

Status of the figures: The figures in this table are provisional for the two most recent semesters, and the annual figures follow the status of the second semester of the relevant reporting year. The remaining figures are final.

Changes as of September 30: Figures for the first half of 2025 have been added.

The network prices for final non-household customers will from now on, and dating back to 2009, be derived from administrative data sources. This now follows the methodology for households. Consumption data can be combined with tariffs that are published on the websites of the network companies, providing the necessary data to compile the prices. The change in methodology is carried out for the full time-series, making sure the network prices are consistent and price changes are not the result of varying measurement approaches.

When will new figures be published? New provisional figures will be published three months after the semesters end, at the end of September and at the end of March.

UK Electricity decreased 23.24 GBP/MWh or 22.68% since the beginning of 2025, according to the latest spot benchmarks offered by sellers to buyers priced in megawatt hour (MWh). This dataset includes a chart with historical data for the United Kingdom Electricity Price.

Wholesale electricity prices in the United Kingdom hit a record-high in 2022, reaching **** British pence per kilowatt-hour that year. Projections indicate that prices are bound to decrease steadily in the next few years, falling under **** pence per kilowatt-hour by 2030.

Daily data showing the System Price of electricity, and rolling seven-day average, in Great Britain. These are official statistics in development. Source: Elexon.

Electricity prices in Europe are expected to remain volatile through 2025, with Italy projected to have some of the highest rates among major European economies. This trend reflects the ongoing challenges in the energy sector, including the transition to renewable sources and the impact of geopolitical events on supply chains. Despite efforts to stabilize the market, prices still have not returned to pre-pandemic levels, such as in countries like Italy, where prices are forecast to reach ****** euros per megawatt hour in September 2025. Natural gas futures shaping electricity costs The electricity market's future trajectory is closely tied to natural gas prices, a key component in power generation. Dutch TTF gas futures, a benchmark for European natural gas prices, are projected to be ***** euros per megawatt hour in July 2025. The reduced output from the Groningen gas field and increased reliance on imports further complicate the pricing landscape, potentially contributing to higher electricity costs in countries like Italy. Regional disparities and global market influences While European electricity prices remain high, significant regional differences persist. For instance, natural gas prices in the United States are expected to be roughly one-third of those in Europe by March 2025, at **** U.S. dollars per million British thermal units. This stark contrast highlights the impact of domestic production capabilities on global natural gas prices. Europe's greater reliance on imports, particularly in the aftermath of geopolitical tensions and the shift away from Russian gas, continues to keep prices elevated compared to more self-sufficient markets. As a result, countries like Italy may face sustained pressure on electricity prices due to their position within the broader European energy market. As of August 2025, electricity prices in Italy have decreased to ****** euros per megawatt hour, reflecting ongoing volatility in the market.

The average wholesale electricity price in November 2025 in Ireland is forecast to amount to********euros per megawatt-hour. During the period in consideration, figures reached a record high in August 2022, at over *** euros per megawatt-hour.

As in any competitive market, wholesale electricity prices are a function of supply and demand. Prices are set by auction where generators submit bids roughly equivalent to their operating cost (for nuclear plants this may be the cost of maintenance, while for gas and coal plants this is the cost of fuel. Wind is free and is therefore always dispatched). Gas and coal plants are often the marginal generators (the last to clear the auction and set the price) and therefore their fuel costs are highly correlated with electricity prices. Wind generation, which is growing rapidly, reduces electricity prices by pushing out the supply curve.

For these reasons we chose the following features to use in our predictive model:

peak hours natural gas prices coal prices wind generation

Finland Wholesale Price Index: Electricity, Gas and Water Supply data was reported at 217.200 2000=100 in Dec 2011. This records a decrease from the previous number of 222.600 2000=100 for Nov 2011. Finland Wholesale Price Index: Electricity, Gas and Water Supply data is updated monthly, averaging 138.350 2000=100 from Jan 2000 (Median) to Dec 2011, with 144 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 240.900 2000=100 in Feb 2011 and a record low of 98.700 2000=100 in Apr 2000. Finland Wholesale Price Index: Electricity, Gas and Water Supply data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistics Finland. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Finland – Table FI.I022: Wholesale Price Index: 2000=100.

UK Gas fell to 72.60 GBp/thm on December 2, 2025, down 1.67% from the previous day. Over the past month, UK Gas's price has fallen 11.75%, and is down 40.33% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. UK Natural Gas - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

Electricity prices in Germany are forecast to amount to ***** euros per megawatt-hour in November 2025. Electricity prices in the country have not yet recovered to pre-pandemic levels. Electricity price recovery German electricity prices began recovering back to pre-energy crisis levels in 2024, a period driven by a complex interplay of factors, including increased heating demand, reduced wind power generation, and water scarcity affecting hydropower production. Despite Germany's progress in renewable energy sources, with over ** percent of gross electricity generated from renewable sources in 2024, the country still relies heavily on fossil fuels. Coal and natural gas accounted for approximately ** percent of the energy mix, making Germany vulnerable to fluctuations in global fuel prices. Impact on consumers and future outlook The volatility in electricity prices has directly impacted German consumers. As of April 1, 2024, households with basic supplier contracts were paying around ** cents per kilowatt-hour, making it the most expensive option compared to other providers or special contracts. The breakdown of household electricity prices in 2023 showed that supply and margin, along with energy procurement, constituted the largest controllable components, amounting to **** and **** euro cents per kilowatt-hour, respectively. While prices have decreased since the 2022 peak, they remain higher than pre-crisis levels, underscoring the ongoing challenges in Germany's energy sector as it continues its transition towards renewable sources.

This dataset contains all the source data of the figures presented in the CRE quarterly observatories on wholesale markets (available at this address).

Wholesale Energy Spot Market: Scarcity Price data was reported at 658.630 COP/kWh in 28 Nov 2025. This stayed constant from the previous number of 658.630 COP/kWh for 27 Nov 2025. Wholesale Energy Spot Market: Scarcity Price data is updated daily, averaging 945.060 COP/kWh from Jan 2020 (Median) to 28 Nov 2025, with 2159 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,037.230 COP/kWh in 30 Aug 2022 and a record low of 303.840 COP/kWh in 29 Jun 2020. Wholesale Energy Spot Market: Scarcity Price data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by XM Compañía de Expertos en Mercados S.A. E.S.P.. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Colombia – Table CO.P: Wholesale Energy Market Price. The Colombian Energy Exchange, managed by XM, in which generators and traders participate, selling and buying energy at the exchange price, has a ceiling price for the sale of energy called scarcity price, which corresponds to the maximum value that the country's demand can pay for energy. This price is calculated monthly according to the calculations established in the regulation that defines the reliability charge scheme. The scarcity price is determined according to the variable costs associated with the SIN (Sistema Interconectado Nacional) and the price of the fuel

In the observed period, weighted average monthly electricity prices on the day-ahead market in Poland increased from ****** zloty/MWh in January 2018 to over ****** zloty/MWh (****** EUR/MWh) in July 2025. The record weighted average price occurred in August 2022, exceeding ***** zloty. Consumption of electricity in Poland Electricity is essential to modern life and vital to every country’s economy. Starting in 1990, the final annual electricity consumption reached a value of ***** terawatt-hours. It eventually grew to *** tWh in 2023, which happened to be a *** percent decrease compared to the previous year. Consumption of solar photovoltaic power has become popular recently, and the capacity of solar photovoltaic per inhabitant in Poland has also significantly increased, rising from just *** watts per inhabitant in 2013 to ***** W/inhab in 2023. In 2023, **** million customers in Poland used electricity with consumption lower than ** megawatt-hours. Electricity production from renewables Throughout the years, there have been different methods and sources of electricity production worldwide. Starting in 2012, the electricity production from solar photovoltaic power generated only *** gigawatt-hours. In 2023, Poland's electricity production volume from solar photovoltaic power reached a peak of over ** terawatt hours. Another source of electricity production was the wind. The production of electricity from wind steadily increased from **** gigawatt-hours in 2000 to ****** gigawatt-hours in 2023. Biogas and biomass also play a significant role in the production of electricity. In 2012, electricity production from biogas and biomass was the highest at around ****** gigawatt-hours. However, in 2022, the production decreased, reaching ***** GWh.

Taiwan’s wholesale price inflation eased further to 7.14% year-on-year in December of 2022, from an upwardly revised 9.11% in the previous month. It was the lowest reading since March of 2021, amid a slowdown in costs of quarrying & mining products (33.55% vs 43.20% in November); water, electricity & gas supply (28.85% vs 29.88%) and manufacturing products (4.78% vs 6.49%). Meanwhile, those for agriculture, forestry, fishing and animal husbandry products advanced faster (8.66% vs 5.22%). On a monthly basis, wholesale prices declined by 2.5%, after falling by 1.5% in the prior month. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Taiwan Wholesale Prices YoY.

These data were collected for a project investigating bidding behaviour in the electricity wholesale markets in England and Wales between 1996 and 2004, concentrating on the period between April 1999 and March 2001. This sub-period covered the last two years of the Electricity Pool of England and Wales, a compulsory centralised market which was abolished in favour of the New Electricity Trading Arrangements (NETA) based upon voluntary bilateral trading, as far as possible. Proponents of the change believed that the Pool had been subject to manipulation and would inevitably produce less competitive results than a more normal market.

This study comprised two parts: an in-depth investigation of bids made by individual stations, using existing industry data, and a high-level modelling exercise to simulate prices over the entire period, for which a new dataset of information on power stations, costs, and demand levels was collected. This dataset allowed the simulation of prices over the period, and to compare the simulations with actual prices. The principal investigators' hypothesis, supported by the results, was that if an unchanging simulation model provided a good fit to actual prices over the entire period, then the change in market rules did not affect the underlying relationship between market conditions and prices.

The statistics on which the new dataset was based were collected by the Office of Gas and Electricity Markets (Ofgem) and National Grid Transco.

Details of the project and links to publications may be found on the ESRC award web page.

The electricity delivery process has experienced a major shift in recent years, driven by a push to reduce emissions. Governments across Europe are actively moving away from conventional sources of electricity generation, leading to a decline in the continent's dependency on fossil fuels. According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), renewables accounted for 41.7% of electricity generation in Europe in 2022, up from 32.9% in 2017. The rise of renewables has spurred an influx of renewable generators and necessitated increased investment in electricity networks. This has lifted revenue for transmission and distribution network operators. Revenue is forecast to rise at a compound annual rate of 8.7% over the five years through 2025, reaching €2.8 billion. Falling wholesale prices and a reduction in overall electricity consumption spurred a drop in revenue during the pandemic. Excess demand for natural gas as economies loosened pandemic-related restrictions spurred a strong rebound in wholesale electricity prices in 2021, translating to a jump in revenue. Wholesale prices recorded a renewed spike following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, spurring a surge in revenue generated by electricity producers and suppliers. Renewable generators were able to rake in extra profit from electricity sold to wholesale markets at inflated prices, counterbalancing a significant rise in costs for fossil fuel generators and electricity suppliers. Wholesale prices have since come down as Europe has diversified its fuel mix away from Russian gas. Revenue is forecast to decline by 5.1% in the current year. Revenue is forecast to increase at a compound annual rate of 0.3% over the five years through 2030 to €2.9 billion. The revised Renewable Energy Directive of the EU has set a goal for 69% of electricity to be generated from renewables by 2030. Electricity generators will continue expanding their renewables capacity, while investment in upgrading the electricity network to accommodate the rapid shift to renewables will boost income for transmission and distribution network operators. Rising renewable electricity generation will place downward pressure on wholesale prices, though the electrification of heat and transport is set to spur an uptick in demand for electricity across the continent.