Natural gas pipeline import prices from Mexico to the United States amounted to 11.1 U.S. dollars per thousand cubic feet in 2021. This was a the peak of the period in consideration and a nearly three-fold increase from the previous year. Meanwhile, imports from Canada stood at 3.71 U.S. dollars that year. Since 1985, figures fluctuated with an overall increase between 2005 and 2008. Natural gas import prices from Canada peaked in 2008 and 2005, at 8.58 U.S. dollars per thousand cubic feet and 8.46 U.S. dollars per thousand cubic feet, respectively.

Monthly average retail prices for gasoline and fuel oil for Canada, selected provincial cities, Whitehorse and Yellowknife. Prices are presented for the current month and previous four months. Includes fuel type and the price in cents per litre.

The export of 1,000 cubic feet of natural gas from the United States to Mexico was priced at an average of 5.41 U.S. dollars in 2021. For Canada, this figure stood at 3.87 U.S. dollars. In the period shown, prices fluctuated with an overall decrease between 2008 and 2020. Figures peaked in 2008, the year of the global recession, when natural gas exported by pipeline to Canada was sold at an average price of 8.86 U.S. dollars per thousand cubic feet.

Residential natural gas prices in the United States amounted to 4.52 U.S. dollars per thousand cubic feet in 2021, up from 4.17 dollars per thousand cubic feet in the year prior. In 2019, figures reached the lowest price since the turn of the century, with a peak of 5.69 U.S. dollars recorded in 1985.

Graph and download economic data for Average Price: Gasoline, Unleaded Premium (Cost per Gallon/3.785 Liters) in Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, CO (CBSA) (APUS48B74716) from Jan 1985 to May 2025 about Denver, energy, CO, gas, urban, retail, price, and USA.

United States CSI: Expected Gasoline Prices: Next Yr: Increase data was reported at 62.000 % in May 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 47.000 % for Apr 2018. United States CSI: Expected Gasoline Prices: Next Yr: Increase data is updated monthly, averaging 52.000 % from Apr 1982 (Median) to May 2018, with 246 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 84.000 % in May 2008 and a record low of 17.000 % in Feb 1985. United States CSI: Expected Gasoline Prices: Next Yr: Increase data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by University of Michigan. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.H034: Consumer Sentiment Index: Vehicle Buying Conditions. The question was: Now thinking only about the next twelve months, do you think that the price of gasoline will go up during the next twelve months, will gasoline prices go down, or will they stay about the same as they are now? About how many cents per gallon do you think gasoline prices will (increase/decrease) during the next twelve months compared to now?

United States - Producer Price Index by Industry: Oil and Gas Extraction was 171.88800 Index Dec 1985=100 in May of 2025, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Producer Price Index by Industry: Oil and Gas Extraction reached a record high of 490.40000 in July of 2008 and a record low of 54.60000 in April of 2020. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Producer Price Index by Industry: Oil and Gas Extraction - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on June of 2025.

Graph and download economic data for Producer Price Index by Industry: Support Activities for Oil and Gas Operations: Primary Services (PCU213112213112P) from Dec 1985 to May 2025 about support activities, operating, primary, oil, gas, services, PPI, industry, inflation, price index, indexes, price, and USA.

As of May 2025, the average price for premium gasoline in Germany was around 176.9 euro cents per liter. This was a slight decrease compared to the year before.

The 2025 annual OPEC oil price stood at ***** U.S. dollars per barrel, as of May. This would be lower than the 2024 average, which amounted to ***** U.S. dollars. The abbreviation OPEC stands for Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries and includes Algeria, Angola, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Iraq, Iran, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela, and the United Arab Emirates. The aim of the OPEC is to coordinate the oil policies of its member states. It was founded in 1960 in Baghdad, Iraq. The OPEC Reference Basket The OPEC crude oil price is defined by the price of the so-called OPEC (Reference) basket. This basket is an average of prices of the various petroleum blends that are produced by the OPEC members. Some of these oil blends are, for example: Saharan Blend from Algeria, Basra Light from Iraq, Arab Light from Saudi Arabia, BCF 17 from Venezuela, et cetera. By increasing and decreasing its oil production, OPEC tries to keep the price between a given maxima and minima. Benchmark crude oil The OPEC basket is one of the most important benchmarks for crude oil prices worldwide. Other significant benchmarks are UK Brent, West Texas Intermediate (WTI), and Dubai Crude (Fateh). Because there are many types and grades of oil, such benchmarks are indispensable for referencing them on the global oil market. The 2025 fall in prices was the result of weakened demand outlooks exacerbated by extensive U.S. trade tariffs.

Graph and download economic data for Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices: Gas for European Union (CP0452EUCCM086NEST) from Jan 1996 to Apr 2025 about EU, harmonized, gas, Europe, CPI, price index, indexes, and price.

Graph and download economic data for Producer Price Index by Commodity: Mining Services: Drilling Oil and Gas Wells Services (WPU60110301) from Jul 1991 to May 2025 about wells, drilling, oil, mining, gas, services, commodities, PPI, inflation, price index, indexes, price, and USA.

United States - Producer Price Index by Industry: Support Activities for Oil and Gas Operations was 219.64600 Index Dec 1985=100 in May of 2025, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Producer Price Index by Industry: Support Activities for Oil and Gas Operations reached a record high of 224.02600 in August of 2024 and a record low of 90.70000 in December of 1986. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Producer Price Index by Industry: Support Activities for Oil and Gas Operations - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on July of 2025.

Data Build Appendix for “The Response of Consumer Spending to Changes in Gasoline Prices" By Michael Gelman, Yuriy Gorodnichenko, Shachar Kariv, Dmitri Koustas, Matthew D. Shapiro, Dan Silverman, and Steven Tadelis Overview We provide replication code to generate 4 figures and 6 tables in the paper. The raw (unaggregated) transactions data from the App cannot be disclosed or shared, so are not included in this repository. The deposited data includes aggregated data for replication purposes (see below). Raw data from the CEX are not included for practical purposes. The replicator should expect the CEX build to run for about 2 hours. Statement about Rights • I certify that the author(s) of the manuscript have legitimate access to and permission to use the data used in this manuscript. Summary of Availability • Some data cannot be made publicly available. Details on each Data Source Anonymous App Data This research is carried out in cooperation with a financial aggregation and bill-paying computer and smartphone application (the “app”). The raw (unaggregated) transactions data from the App cannot be disclosed or shared, so are not included in this repository. Consumer Expenditure Survey Our paper uses both the CEX Interview Survey and the CEX Diary Survey. In the directory “replication_files/Zsupplementary_data,” we provide our final builds of the CEX data from which our readers can replicate results reported in the paper. Our final build of the diary survey data is named, “diarybuild.dta” and our final build of the interview survey data is named, “CGKS_Expenditures_updated.dta.” We do not provide the raw files due to their size, however interested users can replicate our final build after downloading the raw files. We obtained the raw files from the following sources: 1980-1981 Interview Survey *.txt files from NBER http://data.nber.org/ces/1980-1981/ 1980-1981 Diary Survey (ICPSR 8235): https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR08235.v2 1982-1989 *.txt files from ICPSR: 1982-1983 Diary Survey (ICPSR 8599): https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR08599.v1 1982-1983 Interview Survey (ICPSR 8598): https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR08598.v1 1984 Diary Survey (ICPSR 8628): https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR08628.v1 1984 Interview Survey (ICPSR 8671): https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR08671.v2 1985 Diary Survey (ICPSR 8905): https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR08905.v1 1985 Interview Survey (ICPSR 8904): https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR08904.v2 1986 Diary Survey (ICPSR 9114): https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR09114.v1 1986 Interview Survey (ICPSR 9113): https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR09113.v2 1987 Diary Survey (ICPSR 9333): https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR09333.v1 1987 Interview Survey (ICPSR 9332): https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR09332.v2 1988 Diary Survey (ICPSR 9570): https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR09570.v1 1988 Interview Survey (ICPSR 9451): https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR09451.v2 1989 Diary Survey (ICPSR 9714): https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR09714.v1 1989 Interview Survey (ICPSR 9712): https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR09712.v1 1990-1995 *.txt files from NBER http://data.nber.org/ces/ 1996-2014 *.dta files from NBER http://data.nber.org/ces/ 2015 *.dta files from BLS https://www.bls.gov/cex/pumd_data.htm#stata For the NBER files, we store the data locally with the exact file structure at http://data.nber.org/ces/. For the ICPSR files, we download all files and preserve the original file names. We organize files in folders with the following file structure: CEX_[YEAR]/Diary and CEX_[YEAR]/Interview, for Diary and Interview data, respectively. Our build of the raw CEX Interview Survey follows Coibion, Gorodnichenko, Kueng, and Silvia (CGKS) (2012). We update the CGKS build through 2015. The CGKS build performs the following steps: sums expenditures that occur in the same month as recommended by the BLS, drops 4th and higher observations per interview, drops household with zero food expenditures

United States CSI: Expected Gasoline Prices: Next Yr: Remain the Same data was reported at 32.000 % in May 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 49.000 % for Apr 2018. United States CSI: Expected Gasoline Prices: Next Yr: Remain the Same data is updated monthly, averaging 39.000 % from Apr 1982 (Median) to May 2018, with 246 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 62.000 % in Nov 1985 and a record low of 10.000 % in Aug 1990. United States CSI: Expected Gasoline Prices: Next Yr: Remain the Same data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by University of Michigan. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.H034: Consumer Sentiment Index: Vehicle Buying Conditions. The question was: Now thinking only about the next twelve months, do you think that the price of gasoline will go up during the next twelve months, will gasoline prices go down, or will they stay about the same as they are now? About how many cents per gallon do you think gasoline prices will (increase/decrease) during the next twelve months compared to now?

United States - Producer Price Index by Commodity: Mining Services: Support Activities for Oil and Gas Operations was 222.81400 Index Dec 1985=100 in May of 2025, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Producer Price Index by Commodity: Mining Services: Support Activities for Oil and Gas Operations reached a record high of 227.49800 in August of 2024 and a record low of 90.40000 in January of 1987. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Producer Price Index by Commodity: Mining Services: Support Activities for Oil and Gas Operations - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on June of 2025.

United States - Producer Price Index by Industry: Petroleum Refineries: Regular Gasoline was 244.54700 Index Jun 1985=100 in May of 2025, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Producer Price Index by Industry: Petroleum Refineries: Regular Gasoline reached a record high of 459.61800 in June of 2022 and a record low of 45.40000 in December of 1998. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Producer Price Index by Industry: Petroleum Refineries: Regular Gasoline - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on July of 2025.

Retail Price Index: Guangdong: Fuel data was reported at 115.500 Prev Year=100 in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 114.300 Prev Year=100 for 2021. Retail Price Index: Guangdong: Fuel data is updated yearly, averaging 108.400 Prev Year=100 from Dec 1985 (Median) to 2022, with 38 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 143.400 Prev Year=100 in 1988 and a record low of 84.227 Prev Year=100 in 2015. Retail Price Index: Guangdong: Fuel data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Inflation – Table CN.IB: Retail Price Index: Guangdong.

United States - Producer Price Index by Industry: Drilling Oil and Gas Wells: Primary Services was 399.99400 Index Dec 1985=100 in May of 2025, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Producer Price Index by Industry: Drilling Oil and Gas Wells: Primary Services reached a record high of 461.60000 in March of 2014 and a record low of 84.10000 in June of 1987. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Producer Price Index by Industry: Drilling Oil and Gas Wells: Primary Services - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on July of 2025.

Norway Consumer Price Index (CPI): Rent, Fuel and Power data was reported at 147.400 1985=100 in 1992. This records an increase from the previous number of 144.000 1985=100 for 1991. Norway Consumer Price Index (CPI): Rent, Fuel and Power data is updated yearly, averaging 42.000 1985=100 from Dec 1959 (Median) to 1992, with 34 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 147.400 1985=100 in 1992 and a record low of 18.000 1985=100 in 1961. Norway Consumer Price Index (CPI): Rent, Fuel and Power data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistics Norway. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Norway – Table NO.I010: Consumer Price Index: 1985=100: Annual.