Since 1980, Europe's largest economies have consistently been France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom, although the former Soviet Union's economy was the largest in the 1980s, and Russia's economy has been larger than Spain's since 2010. Since Soviet dissolution, Germany has always had the largest economy in Europe, while either France or the UK has had the second largest economy depending on the year. Italy's economy was of a relatively similar size to that of the UK and France until the mid-2000s when it started to diverge, resulting in a difference of approximately 800 billion U.S dollars by 2018. Russia's economy had overtaken both Italy and Spain's in 2012, but has fallen since 2014 due to the drop in international oil prices and the economic sanctions imposed for its annexation of Crimea - economic growth is expected to be comparatively low in Russia in the coming years due to the economic fallout of its invasion of Ukraine in 2022. In 2025, Germany, now the world's third-largest economy, was estimated at over *** trillion U.S. dollars.

France GDP per capita for 2023 was $44,461, a 8.74% increase from 2022.

<ul style='margin-top:20px;'>

<li>France GDP per capita for 2022 was <strong>$40,886</strong>, a <strong>6.38% decline</strong> from 2021.</li>
<li>France GDP per capita for 2021 was <strong>$43,671</strong>, a <strong>11.46% increase</strong> from 2020.</li>
<li>France GDP per capita for 2020 was <strong>$39,180</strong>, a <strong>3.25% decline</strong> from 2019.</li>
</ul>GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

France GDP for 2023 was 3.052 trillion US dollars, a 9.14% increase from 2022.

<ul style='margin-top:20px;'>

<li>France GDP for 2022 was <strong>2.796 trillion US dollars</strong>, a <strong>5.74% decline</strong> from 2021.</li>
<li>France GDP for 2021 was <strong>2.966 trillion US dollars</strong>, a <strong>12.03% increase</strong> from 2020.</li>
<li>France GDP for 2020 was <strong>2.648 trillion US dollars</strong>, a <strong>2.75% decline</strong> from 2019.</li>
</ul>GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using single year official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used.

In 1938, the year before the Second World War, the United States had, by far, the largest economy in the world in terms of gross domestic product (GDP). The five Allied Great Powers that emerged victorious from the war, along with the three Axis Tripartite Pact countries that were ultimately defeated made up the eight largest independent economies in 1938.

When values are converted into 1990 international dollars, the U.S. GDP was over 800 billion dollars in 1938, which was more than double that of the second largest economy, the Soviet Union. Even the combined economies of the UK, its dominions, and colonies had a value of just over 680 billion 1990 dollars, showing that the United States had established itself as the world's leading economy during the interwar period (despite the Great Depression).

Interestingly, the British and Dutch colonies had larger combined GDPs than their respective metropoles, which was a key motivator for the Japanese invasion of these territories in East Asia during the war. Trade with neutral and non-belligerent countries also contributed greatly to the economic development of Allied and Axis powers throughout the war; for example, natural resources from Latin America were essential to the American war effort, while German manufacturing was often dependent on Swedish iron supplies.

France: Bank assets, percent of GDP: The latest value from 2021 is 131.07 percent, a decline from 137.27 percent in 2020. In comparison, the world average is 71.17 percent, based on data from 140 countries. Historically, the average for France from 1960 to 2021 is 81.19 percent. The minimum value, 25.15 percent, was reached in 1960 while the maximum of 137.27 percent was recorded in 2020.

France: GDP per capita, Purchasing Power Parity: The latest value from 2023 is 54018 U.S. dollars, an increase from 53692 U.S. dollars in 2022. In comparison, the world average is 26826 U.S. dollars, based on data from 183 countries. Historically, the average for France from 1990 to 2023 is 47205 U.S. dollars. The minimum value, 38656 U.S. dollars, was reached in 1990 while the maximum of 54018 U.S. dollars was recorded in 2023.

France: Imports of goods and services as percent of GDP: The latest value from 2023 is 34.9 percent, a decline from 38.56 percent in 2022. In comparison, the world average is 49.03 percent, based on data from 138 countries. Historically, the average for France from 1960 to 2023 is 22.88 percent. The minimum value, 11.96 percent, was reached in 1962 while the maximum of 38.56 percent was recorded in 2022.

France’s real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) registered one of its lowest growth in 2009 (-2.9 percent). One year after the 2008 financial crisis, France faced economic issues. The unemployment rate in the country went from 7.4 percent in 2008 up to 9.1 percent in 2009. Since then, France’s GDP at current prices remained stable, being the second or third largest economy in Europe depending on the year. However, in 2020, during the economic crisis caused by the coronavirus pandemic, the gross domestic product decreases by 7.5 percent in volume. By 2024, it had re-increased by 1.6 percent The evolution of France’s GDP This graph shows that the real GDP in France reached its highest growth in 2021 with 6.9 percent and its lowest in 2020 with -7.4 percent. Apart from these two years and 2009, France’s GDP growth fluctuated between 0.3 and 3.9 percent. The GDP, which is an economic construct that measures a country’s production, is an important indicator of the economic strength of this country. Public debt in France Since 2007, the public debt of France continuously rose reaching 111 percent of the GDP in 2023. France appears to be one of the industrialized countries that borrowed the most abroad and has a public debt higher than the Euro Zone average. In absolute numbers, the country's debt amounted to approximately 3.3 trillion US dollars in 2023.

This dataset provides values for GDP reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

France: Value added in the agricultural sector as percent of GDP: The latest value from 2023 is 1.74 percent, a decline from 1.76 percent in 2022. In comparison, the world average is 9.91 percent, based on data from 166 countries. Historically, the average for France from 1960 to 2023 is 3.47 percent. The minimum value, 1.23 percent, was reached in 2009 while the maximum of 9.87 percent was recorded in 1960.

Throughout the Second World War, the United States consistently had the largest gross domestic product (GDP) in the world. Additionally, U.S. GDP grew significantly throughout the war, whereas the economies of Europe and Japan saw relatively little growth, and were often in decline. The impact of key events in the war is also reflected in the trends shown here - the economic declines of France and the Soviet Union coincide with the years of German invasion, while the economies of the three Axis countries experienced their largest declines in the final year of the war.

France: Pension fund assets as percent of GDP: The latest value from 2020 is 12.18 percent, an increase from 10.84 percent in 2019. In comparison, the world average is 29.44 percent, based on data from 78 countries. Historically, the average for France from 2006 to 2020 is 8.84 percent. The minimum value, 5.61 percent, was reached in 2006 while the maximum of 12.18 percent was recorded in 2020.

France: Fiscal balance, percent of GDP: The latest value from 2023 is -5.5 percent, a decline from -4.8 percent in 2022. In comparison, the world average is -2.82 percent, based on data from 143 countries. Historically, the average for France from 1960 to 2023 is -2.64 percent. The minimum value, -8.9 percent, was reached in 2020 while the maximum of 1.3 percent was recorded in 1960.

At the turn of the 20th century, industrialization in Western Europe and North America saw new countries emerge (or return) as major economic powers. Germany (established in 1871) and the United States were the two countries that began to challenge the established powers such as Britain and the Netherlands on an industrial scale, while France's invigorated banking system compensated for its slow rate of industrialization. This period also saw Scandinavian countries catch up with modernization rates observed in other Western European countries; the wealth of natural resources, increased industrial output, and strong shipping networks combined to allow GDP per capita to grow at rates similar to the United States and France and Germany.

Between 1970 and 1913, GDP per capita in the three emerging regions roughly doubled, outpacing growth in countries considered economic and industrial "leaders" for most of the 1800s. While Britain had been the leading global superpower for most of the 19th century and still maintained healthy economic growth in the given period, the rise of Germany and the U.S. at this time would (and, later, the Soviet Union) go on to shape global economic development over the subsequent decades.

Historical chart and dataset showing France debt to gdp ratio by year from 1998 to 2023.

Historical chart and dataset showing France GNP by year from 1962 to 2023.

France: Financial system deposits, percent of GDP: The latest value from 2021 is 106.66 percent, a decline from 109.99 percent in 2020. In comparison, the world average is 69.41 percent, based on data from 138 countries. Historically, the average for France from 1960 to 2021 is 56.98 percent. The minimum value, 17.45 percent, was reached in 1960 while the maximum of 109.99 percent was recorded in 2020.

In the third quarter of 2024, Greece's national debt was the highest in all the European Union, amounting to 158 percent of Greece's gross domestic product. In spite of Greece's total being high by EU standards, it marks a substantial decrease from the historical high point reached by the country's national debt of 207 percent of GDP in 2020. Italy, France, Spain, Belgium, and Portugal also all have government debt worth over one year's production of their economies, while the small Baltic country of Estonia has the smallest national debt when compared with GDP, at only 24 percent. In debitum incrementum?A country’s national debt, also known as government debt or public debt, is defined as all borrowings owed by the government of a country. It usually comprises internal debt – owed to other governmental departments – and external debt, which is held by the public and is owed to government bond owners. National debt can be caused by a struggling economy in general, or by low tax income, which usually leads to money being borrowed from other governments for support, which in turn cannot be paid back right away. At first glance, a high national debt is not always a sign of a struggling economy – but since increasing debt can slow down economic growth significantly, it is imperative for the respective government to seek a steady reduction in the long run.

This dataset provides values for GOVERNMENT DEBT TO GDP reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

The gross domestic product of the United Kingdom was around 2.56 trillion British pounds, an increase when compared to the previous year, when UK GDP amounted to about 2.54 trillion pounds. The significant drop in GDP visible in 2020 was due to the COVID-19 pandemic, with the smaller declines in 2008 and 2009 because of the global financial crisis of the late 2000s. Low growth problem in the UK Despite growing by 0.9 percent in 2024, and 0.4 percent in 2023 the UK economy is not that much larger than it was before the COVID-19 pandemic. Since recovering from a huge fall in GDP in the second quarter of 2020, the UK economy has alternated between periods of contraction and low growth, with the UK even in a recession at the end of 2023. While economic growth picked up somewhat in 2024, GDP per capita is lower than it was in 2022, following two years of negative growth. UK's global share of GDP falling As of 2024, the UK had the sixth-largest economy in the world, behind the United States, China, Japan, Germany, and India. Among European nations, this meant that the UK currently has the second-largest economy in Europe, although the economy of France, Europe's third-largest economy, is of a similar size. The UK's global economic ranking will likely fall in the coming years, however, with the UK's share of global GDP expected to fall from 2.16 percent in 2025 to 2.02 percent by 2029.