11 datasets found
  1. WWII: pre-war GDP of selected countries and regions 1938

    • statista.com
    Updated Jan 1, 1998
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    Statista (1998). WWII: pre-war GDP of selected countries and regions 1938 [Dataset]. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1334182/wwii-pre-war-gdp/
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    Dataset updated
    Jan 1, 1998
    Dataset authored and provided by
    Statistahttp://statista.com/
    Time period covered
    1938
    Area covered
    World
    Description

    In 1938, the year before the Second World War, the United States had, by far, the largest economy in the world in terms of gross domestic product (GDP). The five Allied Great Powers that emerged victorious from the war, along with the three Axis Tripartite Pact countries that were ultimately defeated made up the eight largest independent economies in 1938.

    When values are converted into 1990 international dollars, the U.S. GDP was over 800 billion dollars in 1938, which was more than double that of the second largest economy, the Soviet Union. Even the combined economies of the UK, its dominions, and colonies had a value of just over 680 billion 1990 dollars, showing that the United States had established itself as the world's leading economy during the interwar period (despite the Great Depression).

    Interestingly, the British and Dutch colonies had larger combined GDPs than their respective metropoles, which was a key motivator for the Japanese invasion of these territories in East Asia during the war. Trade with neutral and non-belligerent countries also contributed greatly to the economic development of Allied and Axis powers throughout the war; for example, natural resources from Latin America were essential to the American war effort, while German manufacturing was often dependent on Swedish iron supplies.

  2. WWII: pre-war GDP per capita of selected countries and regions 1938

    • statista.com
    Updated Jan 1, 1998
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    Statista (1998). WWII: pre-war GDP per capita of selected countries and regions 1938 [Dataset]. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1334256/wwii-pre-war-gdp-per-capita-country/
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    Dataset updated
    Jan 1, 1998
    Dataset authored and provided by
    Statistahttp://statista.com/
    Time period covered
    1938
    Area covered
    World
    Description

    In the build up to the Second World War, the United States was the major power with the highest gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in the world. In 1938, the United States also had the highest overall GDP in the world, and by a significant margin, however differences in GDP per person were much smaller. Switzerland In terms of countries that played a notable economic role in the war, the neutral country of Switzerland had the highest GDP per capita in the world. A large part of this was due to the strength of Switzerland's financial system. Most major currencies abandoned the gold standard early in the Great Depression, however the Swiss Franc remained tied to it until late 1936. This meant that it was the most stable, freely convertible currency available as the world recovered from the Depression, and other major powers of the time sold large amounts of gold to Swiss banks in order to trade internationally. Switzerland was eventually surrounded on all sides by Axis territories and lived under the constant threat of invasion in the war's early years, however Swiss strategic military planning and economic leverage made an invasion potentially more expensive than it was worth. Switzerland maintained its neutrality throughout the war, trading with both sides, although its financial involvement in the Holocaust remains a point of controversy. Why look at GDP per capita? While overall GDP is a stronger indicator of a state's ability to fund its war effort, GDP per capita is more useful in giving context to a country's economic power in relation to its size and providing an insight into living standards and wealth distribution across societies. For example, Germany and the USSR had fairly similar GDPs in 1938, whereas Germany's per capita GDP was more than double that of the Soviet Union. Germany was much more industrialized and technologically advanced than the USSR, and its citizens generally had a greater quality of life. However these factors did not guarantee victory - the fact that the Soviet Union could better withstand the war of attrition and call upon its larger population to replenish its forces greatly contributed to its eventual victory over Germany in 1945.

  3. WWII: annual GDP of largest economies 1938-1945

    • statista.com
    Updated Jan 1, 1998
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    Statista (1998). WWII: annual GDP of largest economies 1938-1945 [Dataset]. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1334676/wwii-annual-war-gdp-largest-economies/
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    Dataset updated
    Jan 1, 1998
    Dataset authored and provided by
    Statistahttp://statista.com/
    Area covered
    World
    Description

    Throughout the Second World War, the United States consistently had the largest gross domestic product (GDP) in the world. Additionally, U.S. GDP grew significantly throughout the war, whereas the economies of Europe and Japan saw relatively little growth, and were often in decline. The impact of key events in the war is also reflected in the trends shown here - the economic declines of France and the Soviet Union coincide with the years of German invasion, while the economies of the three Axis countries experienced their largest declines in the final year of the war.

  4. Change in GDP in the U.S and European countries 1929-1938

    • statista.com
    Updated Dec 31, 1993
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    Statista (1993). Change in GDP in the U.S and European countries 1929-1938 [Dataset]. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1237792/europe-us-gdp-change-great-depression/
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    Dataset updated
    Dec 31, 1993
    Dataset authored and provided by
    Statistahttp://statista.com/
    Area covered
    Europe, United States
    Description

    Between the Wall Street Crash of 1929 and the end of the Great Depression in the late 1930s, the Soviet Union saw the largest growth in its gross domestic product, growing by more than 70 percent between 1929 and 1937/8. The Great Depression began in 1929 in the United States, following the stock market crash in late October. The inter-connectedness of the global economy, particularly between North America and Europe, then came to the fore as the collapse of the U.S. economy exposed the instabilities of other industrialized countries. In contrast, the economic isolation of the Soviet Union and its detachment from the capitalist system meant that it was relatively shielded from these events. 1929-1932 The Soviet Union was one of just three countries listed that experienced GDP growth during the first three years of the Great Depression, with Bulgaria and Denmark being the other two. Bulgaria experienced the largest GDP growth over these three years, increasing by 27 percent, although it was also the only country to experience a decline in growth over the second period. The majority of other European countries saw their GDP growth fall in the depression's early years. However, none experienced the same level of decline as the United States, which dropped by 28 percent. 1932-1938 In the remaining years before the Second World War, all of the listed countries saw their GDP grow significantly, particularly Germany, the Soviet Union, and the United States. Coincidentally, these were the three most powerful nations during the Second World War. This recovery was primarily driven by industrialization, and, again, the U.S., USSR, and Germany all experienced the highest level of industrial growth between 1932 and 1938.

  5. F

    Real Gross Domestic Product at Factor Cost in the United Kingdom

    • fred.stlouisfed.org
    json
    Updated Jul 7, 2016
    + more versions
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    (2016). Real Gross Domestic Product at Factor Cost in the United Kingdom [Dataset]. https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/RGDPFCUKM
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    jsonAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Jul 7, 2016
    License

    https://fred.stlouisfed.org/legal/#copyright-citation-requiredhttps://fred.stlouisfed.org/legal/#copyright-citation-required

    Area covered
    United Kingdom
    Description

    Graph and download economic data for Real Gross Domestic Product at Factor Cost in the United Kingdom (RGDPFCUKM) from Jan 1920 to Dec 1938 about cost, academic data, United Kingdom, real, and GDP.

  6. F

    Real Gross Domestic Product at Market Prices in the United Kingdom

    • fred.stlouisfed.org
    json
    Updated Jul 7, 2016
    + more versions
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    (2016). Real Gross Domestic Product at Market Prices in the United Kingdom [Dataset]. https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/RGDPMRPUKM
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    jsonAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Jul 7, 2016
    License

    https://fred.stlouisfed.org/legal/#copyright-citation-requiredhttps://fred.stlouisfed.org/legal/#copyright-citation-required

    Area covered
    United Kingdom
    Description

    Graph and download economic data for Real Gross Domestic Product at Market Prices in the United Kingdom (RGDPMRPUKM) from Jan 1920 to Dec 1938 about market-based, academic data, United Kingdom, real, GDP, and price.

  7. o

    Budget deficits and money creation: Exploring their relation before Bretton...

    • openicpsr.org
    stata
    Updated Dec 22, 2018
    + more versions
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    Marcela Sabate (2018). Budget deficits and money creation: Exploring their relation before Bretton Woods. Replication data. [Dataset]. http://doi.org/10.3886/E107861V1
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    stataAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Dec 22, 2018
    Dataset provided by
    University of Zaragoza
    Authors
    Marcela Sabate
    License

    Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Description

    PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Replication package for “Budget deficits and money creation: Exploring their relation before Bretton Woods”, to be published in Explorations in Economic History (accepted December 2018). Panel of seventeen countries from 1870 to 1938. Ten countries are sometimes-floaters before the WWI: Argentina, Bulgaria, Brazil, Chile, Greece, Italy, Japan, Portugal, Romania and Spain. Seven countries are never-floaters before the WWI: Canada, Finland, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, the UK and the USA. Equation8.dta (Stata format): Data of public budget, monetary base and nominal GDP. Replication program Equation 8 offers a dynamic heterogeneous estimation of variations in the monetary base on the budget balance. Equation9.dta (Stata format): Data of variations in the monetary base, real GDP per capita( in 1990 Geary-Khamis dollars), average of public spending level , standard deviation of public spending levels, ratio of debt to nominal GDP and number of cabinet changes per year. Replication program Equation 9 offers a dynamic panel estimation of variations in the monetary base on the rest of variables. Abstract of the paper: The sovereign debt crisis in the Eurozone has rekindled the use of the North-South (core-periphery) terminology to refer to the heterogeneity of countries belonging to the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU). In the gold standard literature, this geographical partition had already been employed to oppose the fiscal profligacy and subsequent problems of convertibility of southern countries against the fiscal probity and long convertibility records of their northern counterparts. We provide statistical evidence that the group of countries that, with available data for 1870-1938, exhibited convertibility problems during the classical gold standard, for this reason called the pre-WWI sometimes-floaters, shared a pattern of fiscal dominance. This finding for the sometimes-floaters (southern European and South American countries plus Japan) differs from the non-fiscal dominance pattern that we obtain for the pre-WWI never-floaters (northern Europe and North America countries) when the Great War and its aftermath years are omitted. We also show that the presence of fiscal dominance was partly due to the lower levels of tax efficiency and political stability in the South.

  8. Interwar period: industrialization index in selected European countries...

    • statista.com
    Updated Dec 31, 1981
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    Statista (1981). Interwar period: industrialization index in selected European countries 1925-1938 [Dataset]. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1315085/europe-industrialization-index-interwar-period/
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    Dataset updated
    Dec 31, 1981
    Dataset authored and provided by
    Statistahttp://statista.com/
    Area covered
    Germany, France, United Kingdom
    Description

    The early-20th century is often considered the most destructive period in European history, with the interwar period of the 1920s and 1930s being defined by various aspects including recovery from the First World War, as well as fluctuating political and economic stability. In particular, the onset of the Great Depression in the U.S. created a ripple effect that was felt across the globe, especially in Europe. During this time, all major currencies were connected via the gold standard; however, several European countries had suspended the gold standard to print additional money during the First World War, and conditions had not re-stabilized by the onset of the Great Depression in the U.S. - the given countries would all abandon the gold standard by the outbreak of war in 1939. Germany Additionally, American investors withdrew much of their capital from Europe in the wake of the Wall Street Crash in 1929, and the U.S. government ceased all loans to Germany and demanded advanced repayments. The German economy had already collapsed in the early-1920s, and it became dependent on American loans to stabilize its economy and meet its reparation payments - this move by the American government caused a German economic collapse once more, sending the economy into a downward spiral. Regional differences For France, its industrial output dropped in the wake of the Great Depression, and it would not reach these levels again until after the Second World War. In contrast, the Soviet Union was largely shielded from the Great Depression, and its industrial output grew significantly in the build-up to WWII (albeit from a much less-developed starting point). For the other three countries listed, output would not reach pre-Depression levels until at least 1934.

  9. Annual GDP and real GDP for the United States 1929-2022

    • statista.com
    Updated Jul 4, 2024
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    Statista (2024). Annual GDP and real GDP for the United States 1929-2022 [Dataset]. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1031678/gdp-and-real-gdp-united-states-1930-2019/
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    Dataset updated
    Jul 4, 2024
    Dataset authored and provided by
    Statistahttp://statista.com/
    Area covered
    United States
    Description

    On October 29, 1929, the U.S. experienced the most devastating stock market crash in it's history. The Wall Street Crash of 1929 set in motion the Great Depression, which lasted for twelve years and affected virtually all industrialized countries. In the United States, GDP fell to it's lowest recorded level of just 57 billion U.S dollars in 1933, before rising again shortly before the Second World War. After the war, GDP fluctuated, but it increased gradually until the Great Recession in 2008. Real GDP Real GDP allows us to compare GDP over time, by adjusting all figures for inflation. In this case, all numbers have been adjusted to the value of the US dollar in FY2012. While GDP rose every year between 1946 and 2008, when this is adjusted for inflation it can see that the real GDP dropped at least once in every decade except the 1960s and 2010s. The Great Recession Apart from the Great Depression, and immediately after WWII, there have been two times where both GDP and real GDP dropped together. The first was during the Great Recession, which lasted from December 2007 until June 2009 in the US, although its impact was felt for years after this. After the collapse of the financial sector in the US, the government famously bailed out some of the country's largest banking and lending institutions. Since recovery began in late 2009, US GDP has grown year-on-year, and reached 21.4 trillion dollars in 2019. The coronavirus pandemic and the associated lockdowns then saw GDP fall again, for the first time in a decade. As economic recovery from the pandemic has been compounded by supply chain issues, inflation, and rising global geopolitical instability, it remains to be seen what the future holds for the U.S. economy.

  10. GDP per capita in Southern Europe in select years 1913-1950, by country

    • statista.com
    Updated Dec 31, 2006
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    Statista (2006). GDP per capita in Southern Europe in select years 1913-1950, by country [Dataset]. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1073205/gdp-per-capita-southern-europe-historical/
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    Dataset updated
    Dec 31, 2006
    Dataset authored and provided by
    Statistahttp://statista.com/
    Area covered
    Spain, Italy
    Description

    Throughout the early 20th century, Italy consistently had the highest GDP per capita in Southern Europe, which grew consistently at each given interval. Portugal was the only other country to see consistent growth between the four given years, whereas the civil wars in Spain (1936-1939) and Greece (1946-1949) saw their respective GDP per capita fall in the corresponding years. Overall, GDP per capita across these four countries grew by just 28 percent between 1913 and 1950, although it did drop in 1938 due to the Spanish Civil War. Southern Europe's GDP per capita in 1950 was just 51 percent of the rate in Western Europe.

  11. WWII: military spending as a share of national income 1939-1944

    • statista.com
    Updated Jan 1, 1998
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    Statista (1998). WWII: military spending as a share of national income 1939-1944 [Dataset]. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1333250/wwii-military-spending-share-income/
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    Dataset updated
    Jan 1, 1998
    Dataset authored and provided by
    Statistahttp://statista.com/
    Area covered
    Italy, Germany, United Kingdom, United States, Japan, Russia
    Description

    The Second World War was fought on such a large scale that it became total war in many countries - this is where the war effort is prioritized above all else, and the entire population and economy are mobilized to support all military endeavors. Germany and Japan were committing over 70 percent of their national income to the war effort in its final years.

    There were also notable fluctuations that coincided with major events for corresponding powers. These included the UK's mobilization of its defenses in 1940, after Germany took most of Western Europe; the spike in Soviet military spending after Operation Barbarossa in June, 1941; and the U.S. entry into the war following the Pearl Harbor attacks in December, 1941.

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Statista (1998). WWII: pre-war GDP of selected countries and regions 1938 [Dataset]. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1334182/wwii-pre-war-gdp/
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WWII: pre-war GDP of selected countries and regions 1938

Explore at:
Dataset updated
Jan 1, 1998
Dataset authored and provided by
Statistahttp://statista.com/
Time period covered
1938
Area covered
World
Description

In 1938, the year before the Second World War, the United States had, by far, the largest economy in the world in terms of gross domestic product (GDP). The five Allied Great Powers that emerged victorious from the war, along with the three Axis Tripartite Pact countries that were ultimately defeated made up the eight largest independent economies in 1938.

When values are converted into 1990 international dollars, the U.S. GDP was over 800 billion dollars in 1938, which was more than double that of the second largest economy, the Soviet Union. Even the combined economies of the UK, its dominions, and colonies had a value of just over 680 billion 1990 dollars, showing that the United States had established itself as the world's leading economy during the interwar period (despite the Great Depression).

Interestingly, the British and Dutch colonies had larger combined GDPs than their respective metropoles, which was a key motivator for the Japanese invasion of these territories in East Asia during the war. Trade with neutral and non-belligerent countries also contributed greatly to the economic development of Allied and Axis powers throughout the war; for example, natural resources from Latin America were essential to the American war effort, while German manufacturing was often dependent on Swedish iron supplies.

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