This statistic shows gross domestic product (GDP) of the MENA countries in 2023. The MENA region in North Africa and the Middle East comprises the countries Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates and Yemen. In 2023, GDP of Algeria amounted to approximately 240.06 billion U.S. dollars.

Kuwait and Saudi Arabia were expected to have the highest GDP (Gross Domestic Product) growth in the Gulf Cooperation Council in 2022 at an 8.7 and 7.6 percent increase, respectively. Outside the GCC, Iraq and Israel were expected to see the biggest increase in GDP at 9.3 and 6.1 percent, respectively. Apart from Jordan and Yemen, all other countries in the Middle East region were forecast to see a significant drop in GDP growth in 2023 over 2022.

GDP contributors Travel and tourism were a key contributor to GDP in the region and it was forecast to see a significant increase in the coming years. Additionally, in three of the six GCC countries, oil and gas production amounted to at least 40 percent of GDP contribution. The United Arab Emirates ranked fourth worldwide with a 27 percent contribution to GDP coming from oil and gas production. Despite this, the distribution of GDP contribution in the UAE comes from many different sectors and industries, leading to one of the more diversified economies in the region. Diversification and self-sufficiency Countries in the region have been striving for more economic diversity to help future-proof their economies. For example, in 2016 Saudi Arabia launched Vision 2030, a program to introduce new and varied revenue streams in the country, create jobs, and attract foreign investment. Furthermore, food self-sufficiency in the GCC has become a priority, with countries pushing to produce more of their food needs locally.

Costa Rica CR: Exports: fob: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Saudi Arabia data was reported at 38.221 USD mn in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 36.873 USD mn for 2022. Costa Rica CR: Exports: fob: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Saudi Arabia data is updated yearly, averaging 1.028 USD mn from Dec 1966 (Median) to 2023, with 51 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 38.221 USD mn in 2023 and a record low of 0.002 USD mn in 1975. Costa Rica CR: Exports: fob: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Saudi Arabia data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Costa Rica – Table CR.IMF.DOT: Exports: fob: by Country: Annual.

This statistic shows gross domestic product (GDP) of the Arab world in 2023. In 2023, GDP of Algeria amounted to approximately 240.06 billion U.S. dollars.

Jordan JO: Imports: cif: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Saudi Arabia data was reported at 2.755 USD bn in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.969 USD bn for 2016. Jordan JO: Imports: cif: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Saudi Arabia data is updated yearly, averaging 129.786 USD mn from Dec 1948 (Median) to 2017, with 66 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.887 USD bn in 2012 and a record low of 0.100 USD mn in 1948. Jordan JO: Imports: cif: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Saudi Arabia data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Jordan – Table JO.IMF.DOT: Imports: cif: by Country: Annual.

Vietnam VN: Imports: cif: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Saudi Arabia data was reported at 322.894 USD mn in Mar 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 603.927 USD mn for Dec 2017. Vietnam VN: Imports: cif: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Saudi Arabia data is updated quarterly, averaging 7.836 USD mn from Sep 1962 (Median) to Mar 2018, with 123 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 603.927 USD mn in Dec 2017 and a record low of 0.032 USD mn in Dec 1994. Vietnam VN: Imports: cif: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Saudi Arabia data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Vietnam – Table VN.IMF.DOT: Imports: cif: by Country: Quarterly.

This statistic describes the total contribution of travel and tourism to gross domestic product (GDP) across the Middle East from 2012 to 2017, with an estimate for 2018 and a forecast for 2028. According to forecasts, the total contribution of travel and tourism to the GDP of Middle Eastern countries will amount to around 486.1 billion U.S. dollars by 2028.

Oil and gas producing countries in the Middle East are among those with the highest reliance on oil and gas for their economic performance. In 2023, Saudi Arabia attributed half of its GDP to oil and gas industry activity. Of the five countries with the highest oil and gas share in GDP, four were in the Middle East. By comparison, despite being the world’s largest oil producer, the oil and gas industry in the United States accounted for only eight percent of total GDP. The role of oil and gas in Saudi Arabia The oil and gas industry is the single most significant contributor to the economy of Saudi Arabia. The country is home to the largest conventional oil field in the world, the Ghawar Field, and oil production reaches around 11.4 million barrels per day. Oil and gas exports are the country’s main means of income. Due to a lower domestic demand than its closest producing competitors, the U.S. and Russia, Saudi Arabia has remained the country with the highest value of oil exports. In 2023, oil exports brought in over 210 billion U.S. dollars. GDP growth amid a stagnating oil market Oil prices and as such oil demand are the greatest determinant for the industry’s financial contributions. In 2024, a sluggish world oil market dampened prices for most of the second half of the year. This will likely be reflected in the fiscal year performance of major oil and gas entities such as Saudi Arabia’s Saudi Aramco and also impact GDP growth projections.

Nauru NR: Trade Balance: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Saudi Arabia data was reported at 0.023 USD mn in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.098 USD mn for 2014. Nauru NR: Trade Balance: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Saudi Arabia data is updated yearly, averaging 0.089 USD mn from Dec 2007 (Median) to 2017, with 6 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.753 USD mn in 2007 and a record low of 0.023 USD mn in 2017. Nauru NR: Trade Balance: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Saudi Arabia data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Nauru – Table NR.IMF.DOT: Trade Balance: by Country: Annual.

In 2025, Luxembourg was the country with the highest gross domestic product per capita in the world. Of the 20 listed countries, 13 are in Europe and four are in Asia, alongside the U.S., Canada, and Australia. There are no African or Latin American countries among the top 20. Correlation with high living standards While GDP is a useful indicator for measuring the size or strength of an economy, GDP per capita is much more reflective of living standards. For example, when compared to life expectancy or indices such as the Human Development Index or the World Happiness Report, there is a strong overlap - 14 of the 20 countries on this list are also ranked among the 20 happiest countries in 2024, and all 20 have "very high" HDIs. Misleading metrics? GDP per capita figures, however, can be misleading, and to paint a fuller picture of a country's living standards then one must look at multiple metrics. GDP per capita figures can be skewed by inequalities in wealth distribution, and in countries such as those in the Middle East, a relatively large share of the population lives in poverty while a smaller number live affluent lifestyles.

Malawi MW: Imports: cif: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Saudi Arabia data was reported at 14.637 USD mn in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 13.891 USD mn for 2016. Malawi MW: Imports: cif: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Saudi Arabia data is updated yearly, averaging 2.953 USD mn from Dec 1964 (Median) to 2017, with 32 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 58.122 USD mn in 2012 and a record low of 0.002 USD mn in 1991. Malawi MW: Imports: cif: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Saudi Arabia data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Malawi – Table MW.IMF.DOT: Imports: cif: by Country: Annual.

Chad TD: Imports: cif: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Morocco data was reported at 7.482 USD mn in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 6.298 USD mn for 2022. Chad TD: Imports: cif: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Morocco data is updated yearly, averaging 1.723 USD mn from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2023, with 38 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 16.526 USD mn in 2009 and a record low of 0.021 USD mn in 1991. Chad TD: Imports: cif: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Morocco data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Chad – Table TD.IMF.DOT: Imports: cif: by Country: Annual.

Tajikistan TJ: Imports: cif: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Saudi Arabia data was reported at 0.242 USD mn in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.090 USD mn for 2016. Tajikistan TJ: Imports: cif: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Saudi Arabia data is updated yearly, averaging 0.090 USD mn from Dec 1996 (Median) to 2017, with 15 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.570 USD mn in 2008 and a record low of 0.018 USD mn in 2009. Tajikistan TJ: Imports: cif: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Saudi Arabia data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Tajikistan – Table TJ.IMF.DOT: Imports: cif: by Country: Annual.

Chad TD: Imports: cif: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Egypt data was reported at 16.649 USD mn in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 7.479 USD mn for 2022. Chad TD: Imports: cif: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Egypt data is updated yearly, averaging 0.435 USD mn from Dec 1963 (Median) to 2023, with 42 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 22.675 USD mn in 2018 and a record low of 0.001 USD mn in 1988. Chad TD: Imports: cif: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Egypt data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Chad – Table TD.IMF.DOT: Imports: cif: by Country: Annual.

San Marino Exports: fob: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Kuwait data was reported at 0.371 USD mn in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.317 USD mn for 2016. San Marino Exports: fob: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Kuwait data is updated yearly, averaging 0.276 USD mn from Dec 2003 (Median) to 2017, with 14 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.577 USD mn in 2011 and a record low of 0.142 USD mn in 2010. San Marino Exports: fob: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Kuwait data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s San Marino – Table SM.IMF.DOT: Exports: fob: by Country: Annual.

San Marino Trade Balance: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Pakistan data was reported at 0.004 USD mn in May 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.004 USD mn for Apr 2018. San Marino Trade Balance: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Pakistan data is updated monthly, averaging 0.026 USD mn from Jan 2007 (Median) to May 2018, with 89 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.173 USD mn in Sep 2017 and a record low of -0.000 USD mn in Dec 2008. San Marino Trade Balance: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Pakistan data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s San Marino – Table SM.IMF.DOT: Trade Balance: by Country: Monthly.

Iraq IQ: Exports: fob: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Saudi Arabia data was reported at 7.371 USD mn in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 5.861 USD mn for 2016. Iraq IQ: Exports: fob: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Saudi Arabia data is updated yearly, averaging 1.700 USD mn from Dec 1948 (Median) to 2017, with 48 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 27.402 USD mn in 1989 and a record low of 0.056 USD mn in 2006. Iraq IQ: Exports: fob: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Saudi Arabia data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Iraq – Table IQ.IMF.DOT: Exports: fob: by Country: Annual.

Zambia ZM: Imports: cif: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Saudi Arabia data was reported at 35.635 USD mn in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 31.838 USD mn for 2016. Zambia ZM: Imports: cif: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Saudi Arabia data is updated yearly, averaging 10.849 USD mn from Dec 1953 (Median) to 2017, with 55 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 218.089 USD mn in 1980 and a record low of 0.100 USD mn in 1953. Zambia ZM: Imports: cif: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Saudi Arabia data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Zambia – Table ZM.IMF.DOT: Imports: cif: by Country: Annual.

Samoa WS: Imports: cif: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Saudi Arabia data was reported at 0.000 USD mn in 2015. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.012 USD mn for 2014. Samoa WS: Imports: cif: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Saudi Arabia data is updated yearly, averaging 0.100 USD mn from Dec 1965 (Median) to 2015, with 13 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.362 USD mn in 1996 and a record low of 0.000 USD mn in 2002. Samoa WS: Imports: cif: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Saudi Arabia data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Samoa – Table WS.IMF.DOT: Imports: cif: by Country: Annual.

Latvia LV: Trade Balance: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Saudi Arabia data was reported at 88.386 USD mn in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 69.224 USD mn for 2016. Latvia LV: Trade Balance: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Saudi Arabia data is updated yearly, averaging 4.105 USD mn from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2017, with 25 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 92.473 USD mn in 2015 and a record low of 0.522 USD mn in 1995. Latvia LV: Trade Balance: Emerging and Developing Economies: Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan: Saudi Arabia data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Latvia – Table LV.IMF.DOT: Trade Balance: by Country: Annual.