As of February 2025, the largest fine issued for violation of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in the United Kingdom (UK) was more than 22 million euros, received by British Airways in October 2020. Another fine received by Marriott International Inc. in the same month was the second-highest in the UK and amounted to over 20 million euros.

A survey conducted in April and May 2023 revealed that around ** percent of the companies that do business in the European Union (EU) and the United Kingdom (UK) found it challenging to adapt to new or changing requirements of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) or Data Protection Act 2018 (DPA). A further ** percent of the survey respondents said it was challenging to increase the budget because of the changes in the data privacy laws.

This statistic shows the results of a survey on the share of respondents that agreed with selected statements on the EU General Data Protection Regulations (GDPR) legislation in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2017. During the survey, ** percent of IT decision makers either strongly agreed or agreed that they faced some serious challenges in being compliant with the EU GDPR by ************.

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic brought global disruption to health, society and economy, including to the conduct of clinical research. In the European Union (EU), the legal and ethical framework for research is complex and divergent. Many challenges exist in relation to the interplay of the various applicable rules, particularly with respect to compliance with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). This study aimed to gain insights into the experience of key clinical research stakeholders [investigators, ethics committees (ECs), and data protection officers (DPOs)/legal experts working with clinical research sponsors] across the EU and the UK on the main challenges related to data protection in clinical research before and during the pandemic.Materials and methodsThe study consisted of an online survey and follow-up semi-structured interviews. Data collection occurred between April and December 2021. Survey data was analyzed descriptively, and the interviews underwent a framework analysis.Results and conclusionIn total, 191 respondents filled in the survey, of whom fourteen participated in the follow-up interviews. Out of the targeted 28 countries (EU and UK), 25 were represented in the survey. The majority of stakeholders were based in Western Europe. This study empirically elucidated numerous key legal and ethical issues related to GDPR compliance in the context of (cross-border) clinical research. It showed that the lack of legal harmonization remains the biggest challenge in the field, and that it is present not only at the level of the interplay of key EU legislative acts and national implementation of the GDPR, but also when it comes to interpretation at local, regional and institutional levels. Moreover, the role of ECs in data protection was further explored and possible ways forward for its normative delineation were discussed. According to the participants, the pandemic did not bring additional legal challenges. Although practical challenges (for instance, mainly related to the provision of information to patients) were high due to the globally enacted crisis measures, the key problematic issues on (cross-border) health research, interpretations of the legal texts and compliance strategies remained largely the same.

This statistic shows the results of a survey on how aware consumers were of their rights regarding data protection under the upcoming GDPR legislation in the United Kingdom (UK) as of December 2017. The survey, that looked into consumer attitudes towards sharing their personal data with businesses, found that ** percent of respondents stated to never have heard of the new data protection regulations that will apply from ********** onwards.

Since the enforcement of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in May 2018, fines have been issued for several types of violations. As of February 2025, the most significant share of penalties was due to companies' non-compliance with general data processing principles. This violation has led to over 2.4 billion euros worth of fines.

List of properties licensed under the Council’s HMO Licensing Scheme. This list is updated on a monthly basis. Under section 232 of The Housing Act 2004 the London Borough of Barnet is required to maintain and make available a public register of licensed Houses in Multiple Occupations. An extract of the register is published on the Council’s website here. The dataset is not intended for marketing purposes and none of the individuals or organisations mentioned within this register have given their consent for such use. Companies wishing to use this data for commercial purposes, and marketing in particular, are advised to consider whether their use of this data complies with the UK General Data Protection Regulations (GDPR), Data Protection Act 2018, and the Privacy and Electronic Communications Regulations 2003. Information Rights are upheld by the Information Commissioners Office, for further information, see the Information Commissioner’s Office website at ww.ico.org.uk. More information on Houses in Multiple Occupancy can be found on our website as well as on the council's Planning portal. You will need to select "Houses in Multiple Occupation" from the drop-down menu and click "Search":

The UK cybersecurity insurance market, a segment within the broader global market valued at $1.35 billion in 2025 with a 13.40% CAGR, is experiencing robust growth driven by escalating cyber threats targeting businesses of all sizes. Increased frequency and severity of ransomware attacks, data breaches, and compliance failures are compelling organizations to prioritize cyber risk mitigation, fueling demand for comprehensive insurance coverage. The market is segmented by product type (packaged and standalone policies) and application type (banking & financial services, IT & telecom, healthcare, retail, and others). Major players like AIG, Allianz, Beazley, Hiscox, and Marsh dominate the landscape, offering a range of solutions tailored to specific industry needs. The UK market benefits from a sophisticated regulatory environment and a high level of digital adoption, further propelling insurance uptake. However, challenges remain, including the complexity of assessing and pricing cyber risks, a lack of standardized policies, and the potential for significant payouts in the event of major breaches. Given the global CAGR of 13.40% and the UK's prominent position in the global financial and technological sectors, the UK market is likely to experience growth exceeding the global average. Specific growth drivers for the UK include strong government initiatives promoting cybersecurity awareness and regulations like the GDPR, which increase the liability of companies failing to protect data. The rise of cloud computing and the Internet of Things (IoT) also contributes to increased vulnerabilities and higher insurance demand. The market's segmentation reflects the varied risk profiles across different sectors. For instance, the financial services sector will likely show higher insurance penetration due to stricter regulatory requirements and greater exposure to financial crimes. The competitive landscape indicates considerable investment and innovation in product development and risk management techniques, leading to more specialized and effective insurance solutions. Recent developments include: September 2023: Cowbell is committed to addressing cyber risk challenges on a global scale, and our expansion into the UK is a testament to this. Cowbell Prime One is tailored towards SME and mid-market customers and allows brokers to customize cyber policies for different risk exposures, such as email scams, ransomware, and social engineering., March 2023: Cyber insurance provider Coalition is set to enter the excess cyber insurance market in the United Kingdom to help protect businesses with enhanced coverage. The firm has confirmed that it will extend its reach to provide full-follow form coverage and protection of up to GBP 10 million (USD 12126000) above a primary layer of insurance from another insurer for both cyber and technology professional indemnity (PI) lines.. Key drivers for this market are: Data Privacy Regulations, Business Interruption. Potential restraints include: Data Privacy Regulations, Business Interruption. Notable trends are: Impact of Cyber Insurance Policy Coverage.

This statistic shows the results of a survey on budget allocation to comply with the EU General Data Protection Regulations (GDPR) by organizations in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2017. During the survey, 15 percent of UK IT decision makers stated that their organization had a separate budget to become compliant with the GDPR and that it was sufficient.

The European cybersecurity market, valued at €56.96 billion in 2025, is projected to experience robust growth, driven by the increasing adoption of cloud technologies, the rising prevalence of cyber threats targeting critical infrastructure and businesses, and stringent data privacy regulations like GDPR. The market's Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 10.81% from 2025 to 2033 indicates significant expansion. Key growth drivers include the burgeoning digital economy, escalating reliance on interconnected systems, and a heightened awareness of cybersecurity risks among organizations across diverse sectors like BFSI, healthcare, and manufacturing. The market is segmented by offering (Cloud Security, Data Security, Identity Access Management, Network Security, Consumer Security, Infrastructure Protection, Other Security Types), deployment (Cloud, On-premise), and end-user industry. The strong presence of established players like IBM, Cisco, and Palo Alto Networks, alongside innovative startups, fuels competition and innovation. Growth is expected to be particularly strong in segments focused on cloud security solutions and managed security services, reflecting the shift towards cloud-based infrastructure and the need for expert assistance in navigating complex cybersecurity landscapes. The UK, Germany, and France are expected to lead the European market due to their advanced digital infrastructure and higher cybersecurity awareness. However, challenges remain, including skills shortages in the cybersecurity workforce and the ever-evolving nature of cyber threats, requiring constant adaptation and investment. The continued growth trajectory of the European cybersecurity market is fueled by several factors. Increased government regulations and mandates promoting cybersecurity practices and data protection further stimulate market expansion. The adoption of advanced technologies like AI and machine learning in cybersecurity solutions is another key driver. These technologies improve threat detection and response capabilities, enhancing the overall security posture of organizations. While on-premise solutions will continue to hold a share, the preference for cloud-based cybersecurity is expected to increase significantly, pushing the market towards solutions with greater scalability and flexibility. The rising sophistication of cyberattacks underscores the urgency for robust cybersecurity measures, making investment in these solutions a crucial strategic imperative for businesses across all sectors. Competitive landscape analysis reveals a mix of established vendors and emerging players, leading to ongoing innovation and better solutions for businesses across Europe. Recent developments include: December 2023 - The European Union Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA) signed a Working Arrangement with the US Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) in capacity-building, exchanging best practices, and boosting situational awareness. It is a comprehensive arrangement that includes temporary cooperation structured activities and the development of long-term cooperation in cybersecurity policy implementation approaches to build on them., October 2023 - BT and Google Cloud announced a new partnership with Google Cloud to enhance its commitment to cybersecurity innovation. Several common innovative opportunities are set out in this new Strategic Security Partnership with Google Cloud. As part of this partnership, BT will become the managed services provider for Google's Autonomic Security Operations Service, available on Google Chronicle.. Key drivers for this market are: Increased Demand for Digitalization and Scalable IT Infrastructure, Need to Tackle Risks from Various Trends Such as Third-party Vendor Risks, the Evolution of MSSPS, and the Adoption of a Cloud-first Strategy. Potential restraints include: Increased Demand for Digitalization and Scalable IT Infrastructure, Need to Tackle Risks from Various Trends Such as Third-party Vendor Risks, the Evolution of MSSPS, and the Adoption of a Cloud-first Strategy. Notable trends are: Cloud Security to Witness Rapid Growth.

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Zero Trust Security Market Size 2024-2028

The zero trust security market size is valued to increase USD 15.76 billion, at a CAGR of 10.03% from 2023 to 2028. Growing frequency of target-based cyber-attacks will drive the zero trust security market.

Major Market Trends & Insights

North America dominated the market and accounted for a 33% growth during the forecast period.
By Deployment - On-premises segment was valued at USD 15.5 billion in historic_forecast_year

Market Size & Forecast

Market Opportunities: USD 104.36 million
Market Future Opportunities: USD 15759.90 million
CAGR : 10.03%

Market Summary

The market is a continuously evolving landscape, driven by the growing frequency of target-based cyber-attacks and the increasing need for robust network security. According to recent reports, The market is expected to witness significant growth, with core technologies such as multi-factor authentication and micro-segmentation experiencing high adoption rates. Service types, including Identity as a Service (IDaaS) and Security Information and Event Management (SIEM), are also gaining traction. However, budgetary constraints among small and emerging startups in developing countries pose a challenge.
Regulations, such as the EU's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the US's Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), are further shaping the market's dynamics. For instance, GDPR mandates strict data protection rules, driving the demand for advanced security solutions. As of 2021, the IDaaS segment is projected to hold a market share of over 25%, underscoring its importance in the market.

What will be the Size of the Zero Trust Security Market during the forecast period?

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How is the Zero Trust Security Market Segmented and what are the key trends of market segmentation?

The zero trust security industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million' for the period 2024-2028, as well as historical data from 2018-2022 for the following segments.

Deployment

  On-premises
  Cloud


Geography

  North America

    US
    Canada


  Europe

    Germany
    UK


  APAC

    China


  Rest of World (ROW)

By Deployment Insights

The on-premises segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

Zero Trust Security, an evolving cybersecurity approach, gains traction in the business world with a projected 25.2% increase in adoption among enterprises this year. Simultaneously, the industry anticipates a 27.6% expansion in the implementation of Zero Trust Security solutions by 2026. This security model, which emphasizes continuous verification of user identity and access, has become essential for organizations in various sectors. Multi-factor authentication, context-aware access control, data breach response, microsegmentation networks, network access control, penetration testing, and zero trust architecture are integral components of this robust security strategy.

Zero Trust Security can be deployed on-premise and as a cloud offering, catering to the unique needs of each organization. On-premise solutions offer enterprises complete control over compliance mandates, allowing them to customize and integrate systems for their specific business requirements. Additionally, having data and applications stored on in-house servers enables organizations to maintain awareness of their data's location. Despite the benefits of cloud solutions, many organizations prefer to keep confidential data within their own infrastructure.

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The On-premises segment was valued at USD 15.5 billion in 2018 and showed a gradual increase during the forecast period.

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Regional Analysis

North America is estimated to contribute 33% to the growth of the global market during the forecast period.Technavio's analysts have elaborately explained the regional trends and drivers that shape the market during the forecast period.

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In the ever-evolving market, North America holds a substantial revenue share, with the US and Canada being major contributors. Stringent regulations against tax avoidance and evasion, along with the rise in corporate fraud cases, fuel the market's growth in this region. According to recent reports, the number of companies involved in tax evasion and international sanctions evasion has significantly increased, leading to a surge in demand for zero trust security providers.

In 2023, the regional market witnessed notable growth, driven by the need for robust security measures to combat these issues. Additionally, the legal administrative services sector has seen an uptick in adoption o

This statistic shows the results of a survey on the opinion of IT decision makers regarding the drawbacks of the EU General Data Protection Regulations (GDPR) for citizens in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2017. During the survey, ** percent of respondents stated that they felt their data was no safer as a result since cyber attackers would still find a way to access it if they wanted to.

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In September 2024, the Irish Data Protection Commission fined Meta Ireland 91 million euros after passwords of social media users were stored in 'plaintext' on Meta's internal systems rather than with cryptographic protection or encryption. In May 2023, the EU fined Meta 1.2 billion euros for violating laws on digital privacy and putting the data of EU citizens at risk through Facebook's EU-U.S. data transfers. European privacy legislation is seen as being far stricter than American privacy law, and the sending of EU citizens’ data to the United States resulted in the record breaking penalty being issued to the tech giant. In January 2023, after it was discovered that Meta Platforms had improperly required that users of Facebook, Instagram, and WhatsApp accept personalized adverts to use the platforms, the company was issued a 390 million euro fine by the European Commission. EU regulators claim that the social media giant broke the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) by including the demand in its terms of service. In addition, Meta was fined 405 million euros by the Irish Data Protection Commission (DPC) in September 2022 for violating Instagram's children's privacy settings. In November 2022, the DPC fined Meta a further 265 million euros for failing to protect their users from data scraping. GDPR violations in 2022 Social media sites and companies are not the only types of online services upon which users' data can potentially be compromised. In 2022, the online service with the biggest fine for violating GDPR was e-commerce and digital powerhouse Amazon, which was issued a 746 million euro fine. Furthermore, in December 2021, Google was penalized 90 million euros for GDPR violations. What are the most common GDPR violations? Since GDPR went into effect in May 2018, fines have been imposed for a variety of reasons. As of June 2022, companies' non-compliance with general data processing principles accounted for the largest share of fines, resulting in over 845 million euros worth of penalties. Insufficient legal basis for data processing was the second most common violation, amounting to 447 million euros in fines.