The global gender gap index benchmarks national gender gaps on economic, political, education, and health-based criteria. In 2025, the country offering the most gender equal conditions was Iceland, with a score of 0.93. Overall, the Nordic countries make up 3 of the 5 most gender equal countries worldwide. The Nordic countries are known for their high levels of gender equality, including high female employment rates and evenly divided parental leave. Sudan is the second-least gender equal country Pakistan is found on the other end of the scale, ranked as the least gender equal country in the world. Conditions for civilians in the North African country have worsened significantly after a civil war broke out in April 2023. Especially girls and women are suffering and have become victims of sexual violence. Moreover, nearly 9 million people are estimated to be at acute risk of famine. The Middle East and North Africa have the largest gender gap Looking at the different world regions, the Middle East and North Africa have the largest gender gap as of 2023, just ahead of South Asia. Moreover, it is estimated that it will take another 152 years before the gender gap in the Middle East and North Africa is closed. On the other hand, Europe has the lowest gender gap in the world.

The Gender Inequality Index (GII), released by the UN Development Programme (UNDP), is an inequality index for 159 countries from 1995 to 2015.

Context

The Gender Inequality Index (GII) is a comprehensive measure devised to evaluate gender disparities and inequities within a society by taking into account various critical dimensions. This index provides insights into the differences and imbalances experienced by individuals based on their gender. The GII is an extension of the Human Development Index (HDI) and concentrates on three principal dimensions: reproductive health, empowerment, and economic activity. Reproductive health is a significant dimension of the GII, encompassing indicators such as maternal mortality rates and adolescent birth rates. These indicators reflect the disparities in health outcomes experienced by women, especially in terms of maternal health and reproductive rights.

Content

This dataset provides comprehensive historical data on gender development indicators at a global level. It includes essential columns such as ISO3 (the ISO3 code for each country/territory), Country (the name of the country or territory), Continent (the continent where the country is located), Hemisphere (the hemisphere in which the country is situated), Human Development Groups, UNDP Developing Regions, HDI Rank (2021) representing the Human Development Index Rank for the year 2021, GII Rank (2021) representing the Gender Inequality Index Rank for 2021 and Gender Inequality Index spanning from 1990 to 2021.

Dataset Glossary (Column-wise)

• ISO3 - ISO3 for the Country/Territory
• Country - Name of the Country/Territory
• Continent - Name of the Continent
• Hemisphere - Name of the Hemisphere
• Human Development Groups - Human Development Groups
• UNDP Developing Regions - UNDP Developing Regions
• HDI Rank (2021) - Human Development Index Rank for 2021
• GII Rank (2021) - Gender Inequality Index Rank for 2021
• Gender Inequality Index from 1990 to 2021 - Gender Inequality Index from 1990 to 2021

Data Dictionary

• UNDP Developing Regions:
  • SSA - Sub-Saharan Africa
  • LAC - Latin America and the Caribbean
  • EAP - East Asia and the Pacific
  • AS - Arab States
  • ECA - Europe and Central Asia
  • SA - South Asia

Structure of the Dataset

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Acknowledgement

This Dataset is created from Human Development Reports. This Dataset falls under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO License. You can check the Terms of Use of this Data. If you want to learn more, visit the Website.

Cover Photo by: Image by pikisuperstar on Freepik

Thumbnail by: Equality icons created by Freepik - Flaticon

According to the Gender Inequality Index (GII), Denmark and Norway were the most gender equal countries in the world in 2023, reporting an index of ***** and *****, respectively. The Gender Inequality Index measures inequality between women and men in three dimensions: reproductive health, empowerment, and the labor market. A low GII value indicates low inequality between women and men and vice versa. Yemen was considered the least gender equal country that same year. Gender inequality in the workplace The most prominent source of gender inequality is the workplace, often captured by the gender pay gap. In 2023, women still earned one percent less than their male counterparts with the same qualification and the same job. Women are less represented in senior roles and top management positions, with only one third percent of companies worldwide having a woman in leadership positions. The same situation can be observed in government roles - only 17 out of 195 countries worldwide have ever had a woman in the highest position of executive power. Future outlook Numbers on how long it will take to close gender gaps highly differ between regions. In Europe, it is estimated that it will take around 67 years to achieve equality between the genders. In East Asia and the Pacific, on the other hand, it is projected to take 189 years. New data shows that the COVID-19 pandemic has increased female poverty worldwide and widened the gender poverty gap even further. Heightened female poverty will also negatively impact the Gender Inequality Index (GII).

CONTENT

Gender Inequality Index: A composite measure reflecting inequality in achievement between women and men in three dimensions: reproductive health, empowerment and the labour market. See Technical note 4 at http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2022_technical_notes.pdf for details on how the Gender Inequality Index is calculated.

Maternal mortality ratio: Number of deaths due to pregnancy-related causes per 100,000 live births.

Adolescent birth rate: Number of births to women ages 15–19 per 1,000 women ages 15–19.

Share of seats in parliament: Proportion of seats held by women in the national parliament expressed as a percentage of total seats For countries with a bicameral legislative system, the share of seats is calculated based on both houses.

Population with at least some secondary education: Percentage of the population ages 25 and older that has reached (but not necessarily completed) a secondary level of education.

Nigeria registered the highest gender inequality score in Africa. As of 2021, the country received a score of around ****. The Central African Republic, Liberia, and Chad followed, with ****, ****, and ****, respectively. On the other hand, Cabo Verde, Tunisia, and Libya achieved the lowest scores on the African continent. The indicator measures the potential of human development loss resulting from gender achievement disparities based on reproductive health, empowerment, and the labor market. Higher values on a scale from zero to one indicate higher inequalities between women and men.

Gender Inequity Index (2018) The GII is an inequality index. It measures gender inequalities in three important aspects of human development—reproductive health, measured by maternal mortality ratio and adolescent birth rates; empowerment, measured by proportion of parliamentary seats occupied by females and proportion of adult females and males aged 25 years and older with at least some secondary education; and economic status, expressed as labour market participation and measured by labour force participation rate of female and male populations aged 15 years and older. The GII is built on the same framework as the IHDI—to better expose differences in the distribution of achievements between women and men. It measures the human development costs of gender inequality. Thus the higher the GII value the more disparities between females and males and the more loss to human development. The GII sheds new light on the position of women in 162 countries; it yields insights in gender gaps in major areas of human development. The component indicators highlight areas in need of critical policy intervention and it stimulates proactive thinking and public policy to overcome systematic disadvantages of women.

Data source:The United Nations Development ProgramHuman Development Reportshttp://hdr.undp.org/en/composite/GII

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The Gender Inequality Index (GII) dataset provides a comprehensive measure of gender inequality across countries, capturing gender disparities in health, education, and economic opportunities. Developed by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the GII measures gender inequality by analyzing health, empowerment, and labor market participation indicators.

This dataset includes GII scores, as well as component scores for each indicator, for over 190 countries, in 2021.

The Gender Inequality Index is an index for the measurement of gender disparity that was introduced in the 2010 Human Development Report 20th anniversary edition by the United Nations Development Programme.

In the dataset, the higher the score, the more gender-equal country it is. For a headstart, consider the following notebook. https://www.kaggle.com/code/tanyajain3108/gii-which-is-the-most-gender-equal-country

Composite index measuring progress deficit in three dimensions of human development: reproductive health, empowerment and the labour market, resulting from gender inequality. The Gender Inequality Index (GII) is calculated by the United Nations. It is part of the Human Development Indicators (HDI).

India's performance on UNDP's Gender Inequality Index - score, rank, expert analysis and comparison with global peers.

In 2025, Costa Rica was the Latin American country with the highest gender gap index, with 0.786 points. Another Central American country, Belize, had the worst score in the region with 0.7 points. This means that, on average, women in this country have 30 percent less opportunities than men in education, health, the economy, and politics.

Gender Inequality in Latin America
Based on a 2023 survey conducted among the populace in each nation, Mexico has been perceived as having the least gender-based wage equality, receiving a score of 0.5 out of 1, which is the lowest. In contrast, Barbados is regarded as the most gender-equal among the LATAM countries. Furthermore, the labor market exhibits a male bias, as women have consistently experienced higher unemployment rates over the years, with a rate of 11.3 percent as of 2021. Additionally, it is more common across the countries to observe a greater proportion of females experiencing higher poverty rates, with Mexican and Colombian women being the primary two groups representing this circumstance.

Literacy gender gap
As education progresses in both the educational and labor sectors, the goal is to ensure that basic literacy is accessible to everyone. However, research data reveals that the gender parity index for adult and youth literacy in Latin America remains at around 1 percent. This means that one woman out of 100 is less likely to possess literacy skills compared to men. Furthermore, this rate shows a significant gender gap, with 93.71 percent of females in this region accounting for this skill. Consequently, in the labor field, there are implications for skilled workers due to this literacy gap, resulting in higher rates of unemployment, a lack of training, and a non-educational population. This issue affects approximately 28.4 percent of women in Latin America.

In 2022, New Zealand had the highest gender parity score in the Asia-Pacific region, around ****. This equals an average gender gap of approximately ** percent in the country. New Zealand had the fourth-highest gender parity score worldwide that year. In contrast, Japan was the worst performing country in East Asia and the Pacific, reaching a score of ****, which represents a gender gap of around ** percent. Overall, Afghanistan had the lowest score in APAC at around ****, showcasing the highest level of gender inequality across the region. The gender gap index takes into account the four factors economic participation and opportunity, educational attainment, health and survival, and political empowerment.

The Gender Gap Index quantifies the gaps between women and men in four key areas: health, education, economy, and politics. Data is available from 149 countries for select years between 2010-2021. Scores are based on the level of access women have to resources and opportunities relative to men.

According to the Gender Inequality Index (GII) 2023, Yemen was the least gender equal country globally, scoring ****. The Gender Inequality Index measures inequality in achievement between women and men in three dimensions: reproductive health, empowerment, and the labor market. A low GII value indicates low inequality between women and men and vice versa. By comparison, Denmark was considered the most gender equal country worldwide that same year.

The Global Gender Gap Index examines the gap between men and women in four fundamental categories (subindexes) and 14 different indicators that compose them. The subindexes are Economic Participation and Opportunity, Educational Attainment, Health and Survival and Political Empowerment. The highest possible score is 1 (equality) and the lowest possible score is 0 (inequality). There are three basic concepts underlying the Global Gender Gap Index, forming the basis of how indicators were chosen, how the data is treated and the scale used. First, the Index focuses on measuring gaps rather than levels. Second, it captures gaps in outcome variables rather than gaps in input variables. Third, it ranks countries according to gender equality rather than women ������������������������������������������'s empowerment.

Women in all countries of the world suffer different forms of violence, inequality and discrimination, both in the public and private spheres. Facing situations of abuse and unequal treatment.

The inequalities experienced by women occur in all areas of their development: health, education, work, among others, seriously undermining women's rights to a dignified life.

One of the most serious scourges suffered by women in Latin America is femicides.

This dataset will allow research development on gender issues -in latin american countries- in terms of: human development, gender development, gender inequalities, femicides and violence.

This contains official indicators from the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) -a dependent body of the United Nations Organization- and the Institute for Economics and Peace (IEP).

This dataset contains 7 indexes, to mention.

From UNDP: -Human Development Index (HDI) -Gender Development Index (GDI) -Inequalities in HDI (IHDI) -Gender Inequality Index (GII) -Planetary pressures–adjusted Human Development Index (PHDI)

From CEPAL: Number of femicides (fem)

From the Institute for Economics and Peace (IEP): Global Peace Index (gpi)

The Global Gender Gap Index (by World Economic Forum) benchmarks the evolution of gender-based gaps among four key dimensions. The following information are visualized for each country: Economic Participation and Opportunity, Educational Attainment, Health and Survival, and Political Empowerment.

The Global Gender Gap index benchmarks 156 countries, providing a tool for cross-country comparison and to prioritize the most effective policies needed to close gender gaps. The methodology of the index has remained stable since its original conception in 2006, providing a basis for robust cross-country and time-series analysis. The Global Gender Gap Index measures scores on a 0 to 100 scale and scores can be interpreted as the distance to parity (i.e. the percentage of the gender gap that has been closed).

This dataset includes indicators from 2006 to 2021.

Context

The Women Empowerment Index (WEI) is a multifaceted tool designed to assess and track the progress of women's empowerment within societies. Drawing from diverse metrics and indicators, the WEI offers a nuanced understanding of the status of women across various domains. It builds upon the foundation laid by existing indices like the Gender Inequality Index (GII) but focuses specifically on aspects related to women's empowerment. The WEI encompasses several key dimensions, including economic participation, political representation, access to education and healthcare, and social inclusivity. By analyzing these dimensions, the index sheds light on the extent to which women are able to exercise agency, access resources, and participate fully in societal processes.

Content

This dataset provides essential information on gender development indicators, facilitating comprehensive analysis and comparison across countries and regions. Here are the key columns included:

• Country: The name of the country or territory included in the dataset.
• Women's Empowerment Index (WEI) - 2022: Quantifies women's empowerment within each country for the year 2022, offering insights into gender dynamics and opportunities for women.
• Women's Empowerment Group - 2022: Categorizes countries based on their performance and status regarding women's empowerment, facilitating comparative analysis.
• Global Gender Parity Index (GGPI) - 2022: Measures gender parity at a global level for the year 2022, indicating the degree of equality between men and women.
• Gender Parity Group - 2022: Classifies countries into groups based on their level of gender parity, aiding in the identification of trends and disparities.
• Human Development Group - 2021: Classifies countries into specific groups based on their Human Development Index (HDI) scores and development levels for the year 2021.
• Sustainable Development Goal regions: Aligns countries with specific regions as defined by the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), providing context for development efforts and initiatives.

Data Dictionary

• UNDP Developing Regions:
  • SSA - Sub-Saharan Africa
  • LAC - Latin America and the Caribbean
  • EAP - East Asia and the Pacific
  • AS - Arab States
  • ECA - Europe and Central Asia
  • SA - South Asia

Structure of the Dataset

https://i.imgur.com/PUej0u0.png" alt="">

Acknowledgement

This Dataset is created from Human Development Reports. This Dataset falls under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO License. You can check the Terms of Use of this Data. If you want to learn more, visit the Website.

Cover Photo by: Image by Freepik

Thumbnail by: Empowerment icons created by BZZRINCANTATION - Flaticon

Norway's gender inequality index score has decreased over the last decade, from **** in 2011 to **** in 2021, meaning that gender equality has improved. In 2021, Norway was one of the most gender equal countries in the world.