Annual gender pay gap estimates for UK employees by age, occupation, industry, full-time and part-time, region and other geographies, and public and private sector. Compiled from the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings.

Gender Pay Gap legislation introduced in April 2017 requires all employers of 250 or more employees to publish their gender pay gap as of 31 March 2017. The gender pay gap is the difference between the average earnings of men and women, expressed relative to men’s earnings.

You can also:

• https://gender-pay-gap.service.gov.uk/Viewing/search-results">explore this data on a dashboard
• https://data.gov.uk/dataset/54219db1-dd98-49d9-a383-a5978bb0aeb9/gender-pay-gap">export all national gender pay gap data

CYC's annual gender pay gap report, including all CYC staff but excluding all schools staff and councillors. For further pay gap reports please visit CYC Other Pay Gap Reports

In 2025, the difference between average hourly earnings for men and women in the United Kingdom for all workers was 12.8 percent, compared with 6.9 percent for full-time workers, and -2.9 percent for part-time workers. During the provided time period, the gender pay gap was at its highest in 1997, when it was 27.5 percent for all workers. Compared with 1997, the gender pay gap has fallen by 13.2 percent for all workers, and 9.7 percent for full-time workers. Gender pay gap higher in older age groups Although the gender pay gap among younger age groups was relatively small in 2024, the double-digit pay gap evident in older age groups served to keep the overall gap high. The gender pay gap for workers aged between 18 and 21 for example was -0.5 percent, compared with 12.1percent for people in their 50s. Additionally, the gender pay gap for people aged over 60 has changed little since 1997, falling by just 1.2 percent between 1997 and 2023, compared with a 14.9 percent reduction among workers in their 40s. Positions of power As of 2024, women are unfortunately still relatively underrepresented in leadership positions at Britain’s top businesses. Among FTSE 100 companies, for example, just 9.4 percent of CEOs were female, falling to just 6.1 percent for FTSE 250 companies. Representation was better when it came to FTSE 100 boardrooms, with 44.7 percent of positions at this level being filled by women, compared with 42.6 percent at FTSE 250 companies. In the corridors of political power, the proportion of female MPs was estimated to have reached its highest ever level after the 2024 election at 41 percent, compared with just three percent in 1979.

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Context

The gender pay gap or gender wage gap is the average difference between the remuneration for men and women who are working. Women are generally considered to be paid less than men. There are two distinct numbers regarding the pay gap: non-adjusted versus adjusted pay gap. The latter typically takes into account differences in hours worked, occupations were chosen, education, and job experience. In the United States, for example, the non-adjusted average female's annual salary is 79% of the average male salary, compared to 95% for the adjusted average salary.

The reasons link to legal, social, and economic factors, and extend beyond "equal pay for equal work".

The gender pay gap can be a problem from a public policy perspective because it reduces economic output and means that women are more likely to be dependent upon welfare payments, especially in old age.

This dataset aims to replicate the data used in the famous paper "The Gender Wage Gap: Extent, Trends, and Explanations", which provides new empirical evidence on the extent of and trends in the gender wage gap, which declined considerably during the 1980–2010 period.

Citation

fedesoriano. (January 2022). Gender Pay Gap Dataset. Retrieved [Date Retrieved] from https://www.kaggle.com/fedesoriano/gender-pay-gap-dataset.

Content

There are 2 files in this dataset: a) the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) microdata over the 1980-2010 period, and b) the Current Population Survey (CPS) to provide some additional US national data on the gender pay gap.

PSID variables:

NOTES: THE VARIABLES WITH fz ADDED TO THEIR NAME REFER TO EXPERIENCE WHERE WE HAVE FILLED IN SOME ZEROS IN THE MISSING PSID YEARS WITH DATA FROM THE RESPONDENTS’ ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS ABOUT JOBS WORKED ON DURING THESE MISSING YEARS. THE fz variables WERE USED IN THE REGRESSION ANALYSES THE VARIABLES WITH A predict PREFIX REFER TO THE COMPUTATION OF ACTUAL EXPERIENCE ACCUMULATED DURING THE YEARS IN WHICH THE PSID DID NOT SURVEY THE RESPONDENTS. THERE ARE MORE PREDICTED EXPERIENCE LEVELS THAT ARE NEEDED TO IMPUTE EXPERIENCE IN THE MISSING YEARS IN SOME CASES. NOTE THAT THE VARIABLES yrsexpf, yrsexpfsz, etc., INCLUDE THESE COMPUTATIONS, SO THAT IF YOU WANT TO USE FULL TIME OR PART TIME EXPERIENCE, YOU DON’T NEED TO ADD THESE PREDICT VARIABLES IN. THEY ARE INCLUDED IN THE DATA SET TO ILLUSTRATE THE RESULTS OF THE COMPUTATION PROCESS. THE VARIABLES WITH AN orig PREFIX ARE THE ORIGINAL PSID VARIABLES. THESE HAVE BEEN PROCESSED AND IN SOME CASES RENAMED FOR CONVENIENCE. THE hd SUFFIX MEANS THAT THE VARIABLE REFERS TO THE HEAD OF THE FAMILY, AND THE wf SUFFIX MEANS THAT IT REFERS TO THE WIFE OR FEMALE COHABITOR IF THERE IS ONE. AS SHOWN IN THE ACCOMPANYING REGRESSION PROGRAM, THESE orig VARIABLES AREN’T USED DIRECTLY IN THE REGRESSIONS. THERE ARE MORE OF THE ORIGINAL PSID VARIABLES, WHICH WERE USED TO CONSTRUCT THE VARIABLES USED IN THE REGRESSIONS. HD MEANS HEAD AND WF MEANS WIFE OR FEMALE COHABITOR.

1. intnum68: 1968 INTERVIEW NUMBER
2. pernum68: PERSON NUMBER 68
3. wave: Current Wave of the PSID
4. sex: gender SEX OF INDIVIDUAL (1=male, 2=female)
5. intnum: Wave-specific Interview Number
6. farminc: Farm Income
7. region: regLab Region of Current Interview
8. famwgt: this is the PSID’s family weight, which is used in all analyses
9. relhead: ER34103L this is the relation to the head of household (10=head; 20=legally married wife; 22=cohabiting partner)
10. age: Age
11. employed: ER34116L Whether or not employed or on temp leave (everyone gets a 1 for this variable, since our wage analyses use only the currently employed)
12. sch: schLbl Highest Year of Schooling
13. annhrs: Annual Hours Worked
14. annlabinc: Annual Labor Income
15. occ: 3 Digit Occupation 2000 codes
16. ind: 3 Digit Industry 2000 codes
17. white: White, nonhispanic dummy variable
18. black: Black, nonhispanic dummy variable
19. hisp: Hispanic dummy variable
20. othrace: Other Race dummy variable
21. degree: degreeLbl Agent's Degree Status (0=no college degree; 1=bachelor’s without advanced degree; 2=advanced degree)
22. degupd: degreeLbl Agent's Degree Status (Updated with 2009 values)
23. schupd: schLbl Schooling (updated years of schooling)
24. annwks: Annual Weeks Worked
25. unjob: unJobLbl Union Coverage dummy variable
26. usualhrwk: Usual Hrs Worked Per Week
27. labincbus: Labor Income from...

Gender pay gap legislation introduced in April 2017 requires all employers of 250 or more employees to publish their gender pay gap as of 31 March 2017. The gender pay gap is the difference between the average earnings of men and women, expressed relative to men’s earnings.

You can also:

• https://gender-pay-gap.service.gov.uk/Viewing/search-results">explore this data on a dashboard
• https://data.gov.uk/dataset/gender-pay-gap">export all national gender pay gap data

This dataset contains gender pay gap figures for the GLA, large employers in London and estimates for all employees in London.

The gender pay gap is the difference in the average hourly wage of all men and women across a workforce. If women do more of the less well paid jobs within an organisation than men, the gender pay gap is usually bigger.

The UK government publish gender pay gap figures for all employers with 250 or more employees. A cut of this dataset that only shows employers that are registered in London can be found below.

Read a report by the Local Government Association (LGA) that summarises the mean and median pay gaps in local authorities, as well as the distribution of staff across pay quartiles.

This dataset is one of the Greater London Authority's measures of Economic Fairness. Click here to find out more.

This dataset is one of the Greater London Authority's measures of Economic Development strategy. Click here to find out more.

Since 2021 these data tables have been produced to supplement the Pay Gap reports for the Greater London Authority (GLA). They provide extra details of the median and mean hourly rates of particular groups of staff at the GLA, as well as their corresponding pay gaps, as of 31 March 2025, 2024, 2023, 2022 and 2021. The GLA first published its ethnicity pay gap in March 2018, one of the first organisations to do so. These data tables bring together all of the ethnicity pay gap data published by the GLA since then. This reporting year (2025) is the fifth time that the GLA is publishing its disability pay gap, ahead of any statutory responsibility to do so. Therefore, there is only data from 2021 to compare against. The Equality Act 2010 (Gender Pay Gap Information) regulations came into force in 2017. This required public bodies with 250 or more employees to report on their gender pay gap. These data tables bring together all of the gender pay gap data published by the GLA since then. Pay gaps are included in the GLA's measures of Economic Fairness. Click here to find out more.

Gender pay gap legislation introduced in April 2017 requires all employers of 250 or more employees to publish their gender pay gap. The gender pay gap is the difference between the average earnings of men and women, expressed relative to men’s earnings.

You can also:

• https://gender-pay-gap.service.gov.uk/Viewing/search-results?t=1&search=&orderBy=relevance" class="govuk-link">explore this data on a dashboard
• https://data.gov.uk/dataset/54219db1-dd98-49d9-a383-a5978bb0aeb9/gender-pay-gap" class="govuk-link">export all national gender pay gap data

As part of the Mayor’s commitment to publish a gender pay audit for the Greater London Authority and its functional bodies, the OPDC has produced a Gender Pay Audit report. Our gender pay audit represents the gender pay gap data as at the end of March 2016. https://www.london.gov.uk/about-us/organisations-we-work/old-oak-and-park-royal-development-corporation-opdc/opdc-structure-6

Gender Pay Gap legislation introduced in April 2017 requires all employers of 250 or more employees to report annually on their gender pay gap.

The gender pay gap is the difference between the average earnings of men and women, expressed relative to men’s earnings.

You can also:

• https://gender-pay-gap.service.gov.uk/Viewing/search-results" class="govuk-link">explore this data on a dashboard
• https://data.gov.uk/dataset/gender-pay-gap" class="govuk-link">export all national gender pay gap data

Gender Pay Gap legislation introduced in April 2017 requires all employers of 250 or more employees to publish their gender pay gap each year. The gender pay gap is the difference between the average earnings of men and women, expressed relative to men’s earnings.

You can also:

• https://gender-pay-gap.service.gov.uk/Viewing/search-results?t=1&search=&orderBy=relevance" class="govuk-link">explore this data on a dashboard
• https://data.gov.uk/dataset/54219db1-dd98-49d9-a383-a5978bb0aeb9/gender-pay-gap" class="govuk-link">export all national gender pay gap data

Gender pay gap legislation introduced in April 2017 requires all employers of 250 or more employees to publish their gender pay gap data annually. The gender pay gap is the difference between the average earnings of men and women, expressed relative to men’s earnings.

You can also:

• https://gender-pay-gap.service.gov.uk/Employer/4uqEb2xp?_ga=2.27658492.1946053525.1607939901-1839648518.1580292073&_gac=1.55401689.1605710171.CPbR38KojO0CFUG4GwodxGkOQQ">explore this data on a dashboard
• https://data.gov.uk/dataset/54219db1-dd98-49d9-a383-a5978bb0aeb9/gender-pay-gap">export all national gender pay gap data

Gender pay gap legislation introduced in April 2017 requires all employers of 250 or more employees to publish their gender pay gap annually. The gender pay gap is the difference between the average earnings of men and women, expressed relative to men’s earnings.

This statistic shows the median pay gap between women and men of selected retailers in the United Kingdom (UK) as of the 2024/25 financial year. Of the companies included, Kingfisher plc had the highest median gender pay gap, at **** percent.

Gender Pay Gap legislation introduced in April 2017 requires all employers of 250 or more employees to report annually on their gender pay gap.

The gender pay gap is the difference between the average earnings of men and women.

You can also:

• https://gender-pay-gap.service.gov.uk/Viewing/search-results">explore this data on a dashboard
• https://data.gov.uk/dataset/gender-pay-gap">export all national gender pay gap data

Employers with 250 or more employees must publish and report specific figures about their gender pay gap

From 2017, any organisation that has 250 or more employees must publish and report specific figures about their gender pay gap.

The gender pay gap is the difference between the average earnings of men and women, expressed relative to men’s earnings. For example, ‘women earn 15% less than men per hour’.