The U.S. Geological Survey, in collaboration with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) National Marine Sanctuary Program, conducted seabed mapping and related research in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary region from 1993 to 2004. The mapped area is approximately 3,700 square km (1,100 square nm) in size and was subdivided into 18 quadrangles. Several series of sea floor maps of the region based on multibeam sonar surveys have been published. In addition, 2,628 seabed sediment samples were collected and analyzed and approximately 10,600 still photographs of the seabed were acquired during the project. These data provide the basis for scientists, policymakers, and managers for understanding the complex ecosystem of the sanctuary region and for monitoring and managing its economic and natural resources.

Needing to answer the question of “where” sat at the forefront of everyone’s mind, and using a geographic information system (GIS) for real-time surveillance transformed possibly overwhelming data into location intelligence that provided agencies and civic leaders with valuable insights.This book highlights best practices, key GIS capabilities, and lessons learned during the COVID-19 response that can help communities prepare for the next crisis.GIS has empowered:Organizations to use human mobility data to estimate the adherence to social distancing guidelinesCommunities to monitor their health care systems’ capacity through spatially enabled surge toolsGovernments to use location-allocation methods to site new resources (i.e., testing sites and augmented care sites) in ways that account for at-risk and vulnerable populationsCommunities to use maps and spatial analysis to review case trends at local levels to support reopening of economiesOrganizations to think spatially as they consider “back-to-the-workplace” plans that account for physical distancing and employee safety needsLearning from COVID-19 also includes a “next steps” section that provides ideas, strategies, tools, and actions to help jump-start your own use of GIS, either as a citizen scientist or a health professional. A collection of online resources, including additional stories, videos, new ideas and concepts, and downloadable tools and content, complements this book.Now is the time to use science and data to make informed decisions for our future, and this book shows us how we can do it.Dr. Este GeraghtyDr. Este Geraghty is the chief medical officer and health solutions director at Esri where she leads business development for the Health and Human Services sector.Matt ArtzMatt Artz is a content strategist for Esri Press. He brings a wide breadth of experience in environmental science, technology, and marketing.

Gravel, sand, silt, and clay contents were determined for samples from Narragansett Bay and the adjacent Rhode Island Shelf. In the Narragansett Bay system, clayey silt and sand-silt-clay are the most abundant sediments. Sand is abundant locally and on the inner shelf. In general, toward the lower passages of the Bay the sediments show a progressive change to coarser textures.

Count of high school graduates for each public school in Alaska. Data covers the School Year 2013 to the present. Each year's count includes students graduating at any point during the school year (July 1 to June 30).Source: Alaska Department of Education & Early Development

This data has been visualized in a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) format and is provided as a service in the DCRA Information Portal by the Alaska Department of Commerce, Community, and Economic Development Division of Community and Regional Affairs (SOA DCCED DCRA), Research and Analysis section. SOA DCCED DCRA Research and Analysis is not the authoritative source for this data. For more information and for questions about this data, see: Alaska Department of Education & Early Development Data Center.

The GEODISC Geographic Information System (GIS) Overview and Demonstration

With the understanding that "better information leads to better decisions", Geoscience Australia has produced a Geographic Information System (GIS) that showcases the research completed within Projects 1, 2, and 8 of the GEODISC Program (Geological CO2 storage program in the Australian Petroleum Cooperative Research Centre, 1999-2003). The GIS is an interactive archive of Australia-wide regional analysis of CO2 sources and storage potential, incorporating economic modelling (Projects 1 and 8), as well as four site specific studies of the Dongara Gas field, Carnarvon Basin, Petrel Sub-basin and Gippsland Basin (Project 2). One of the major objectives of a collaborative research program such as GEODISC is to share results and knowledge with clients and fellow researchers, as well as to be able to rapidly access and utilise the research in future technical and policy decisions. With this in mind, the GIS is designed as a complete product, with a user-friendly interface developed with mainstream software to maximise accessibility to stakeholders. It combines tabular results, reports, models, maps, and images from various geoscientific disciplines involved in the geological modelling of the GEODISC site specific studies (ie geochemistry, geomechanics, reservoir simulations, stratigraphy, and geophysics) into one media. The GEODISC GIS is not just an automated display system, but a tool used to query, analyse, and map data in support of the decision making process. It allows the user to overlay different themes and facilitates cross-correlation between many spatially-related data sources. There is a vast difference between seeing data in a table of rows and columns and seeing it presented in the form of a map. For example, tabular results such as salinity data, temperature information and pressure tests, have been displayed as point data linked to well locations. These, in turn, have been superimposed on geophysical maps and images, to enable a better understanding of spatial relationships between features of a potential CO2 injection site. The display of such information allows the instant visualisation of complex concepts associated with site characterisation. In addition, the GEODISC GIS provides a tool for users to interrogate data and perform basic modelling functions. Economic modelling results have been incorporated into the regional study so that simple calculations of source to sink matching can be investigated. The user is also able to design unique views to meet individual needs. Digital and hardcopy map products can then be created on demand, centred on any location, at any scale, and showing selected information symbolised effectively to highlight specific characteristics. A demonstration of the GIS product will illustrate all of these capabilities as well as give examples of how site selection for CO2 sources and storage locations might be made.

This data set contains lithologic information on bottom sediments from the Continental Margin Program. The program was a joint collaboration between the U.S. Geological Survey and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution during the 1960s to conduct a geological reconnaissance investigation of the continental shelf and slope off the Atlantic coast of the United States. Only those records without complete size analyses and only those stations from the Gulf of Maine, Georges Bank, and southeastern New England shelf and slope are included in this data set. Other stations where detailed textural analyses are available or are from other areas have been excluded. Furthermore, dredges were used to collect most of the bottom samples, resulting in winnowing that has resulted in lithologic descriptions that are texturally coarser than actually present. Care should be taken when using this dataset.

This data package was produced by researchers working on the Shortgrass Steppe Long Term Ecological Research (SGS-LTER) Project, administered at Colorado State University. Long-term datasets and background information (proposals, reports, photographs, etc.) on the SGS-LTER project are contained in a comprehensive project collection within the Digital Collections of Colorado (http://digitool.library.colostate.edu/R/?func=collections&collection_id=3429). The data table and associated metadata document, which is generated in Ecological Metadata Language, may be available through other repositories serving the ecological research community and represent components of the larger SGS-LTER project collection. No Abstract Available Resources in this dataset:Resource Title: Website Pointer to html file. File Name: Web Page, url: https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/mapbrowse?scope=knb-lter-sgs&identifier=812 Webpage with information and links to data files for download

The Digital Geologic-GIS Map of the Togeye Lake Quadrangle, New Mexico is composed of GIS data layers and GIS tables, and is available in the following GRI-supported GIS data formats: 1.) an ESRI file geodatabase (togl_geology.gdb), and a 2.) Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) geopackage. The file geodatabase format is supported with a 1.) ArcGIS Pro 3.X map file (.mapx) file (togl_geology.mapx) and individual Pro 3.X layer (.lyrx) files (for each GIS data layer). Upon request, the GIS data is also available in ESRI shapefile format. Contact Stephanie O'Meara (see contact information below) to acquire the GIS data in these GIS data formats. In addition to the GIS data and supporting GIS files, three additional files comprise a GRI digital geologic-GIS dataset or map: 1.) a readme file (elmo_geology_gis_readme.pdf), 2.) the GRI ancillary map information document (.pdf) file (elmo_geology.pdf) which contains geologic unit descriptions, as well as other ancillary map information and graphics from the source map(s) used by the GRI in the production of the GRI digital geologic-GIS data for the park, and 3.) a user-friendly FAQ PDF version of the metadata (togl_geology_metadata_faq.pdf). Please read the elmo_geology_gis_readme.pdf for information pertaining to the proper extraction of the GIS data and other map files. QGIS software is available for free at: https://www.qgis.org/en/site/. The data were completed as a component of the Geologic Resources Inventory (GRI) program, a National Park Service (NPS) Inventory and Monitoring (I&M) Division funded program that is administered by the NPS Geologic Resources Division (GRD). For a complete listing of GRI products visit the GRI publications webpage: https://www.nps.gov/subjects/geology/geologic-resources-inventory-products.htm. For more information about the Geologic Resources Inventory Program visit the GRI webpage: https://www.nps.gov/subjects/geology/gri.htm. At the bottom of that webpage is a "Contact Us" link if you need additional information. You may also directly contact the program coordinator, Jason Kenworthy (jason_kenworthy@nps.gov). Source geologic maps and data used to complete this GRI digital dataset were provided by the following: U.S. Geological Survey. Detailed information concerning the sources used and their contribution the GRI product are listed in the Source Citation section(s) of this metadata record (togl_geology_metadata.txt or togl_geology_metadata_faq.pdf). Users of this data are cautioned about the locational accuracy of features within this dataset. Based on the source map scale of 1:24,000 and United States National Map Accuracy Standards features are within (horizontally) 12.2 meters or 40 feet of their actual location as presented by this dataset. Users of this data should thus not assume the location of features is exactly where they are portrayed in ArcGIS Pro, QGIS or other software used to display this dataset. All GIS and ancillary tables were produced as per the NPS GRI Geology-GIS Geodatabase Data Model v. 2.3. (available at: https://www.nps.gov/articles/gri-geodatabase-model.htm).

The GIS database has been developed by under the Small Hydropower Mapping and Improved Geospatial Electrification Planning in Indonesia Project [Project ID: P145273]. The scope of the project was to facilitate and improve the planning and investment process for small hydro development both grid and isolated systems through: building up a central database on smal hydro at national scale and validating the mapping of small hydro in NTT, Maluku, Maluku Utara and Sulawesi improved electrification planning by integrating small hydro potential for the provinces of NTT, Maluku, Maluku Utara and Sulawesi into the planning process. Please refer to the country project page for additional outputs and reports: http://esmap.org/re_mapping_indonesia The GIS database contains the following datasets: SHP(promising sites) Admin Divisions Topomas_grid Rivers, Geology Forest_areas Roads RainfallGauges RunoffGauges ElectricSystem, each accompanied by a metadata file. Please cite as: [Data/information/map obtained from the] “World Bank via ENERGYDATA.info, under a project funded by the Energy Sector Management Assistance Program (ESMAP). For more information: Indonesia Small Hydro GIS Atlas, 2017, https://energydata.info/dataset/indonesia-small-hydro-gis-database-2017"

The U.S. Geological Survey, in collaboration with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) National Marine Sanctuary Program, conducted seabed mapping and related research in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary region from 1994 to 2004. The mapped area is approximately square 3,700 km (1,100 square nm) in size and was subdivided into 18 quadrangles. Several series of sea floor maps of the region based on multibeam sonar surveys have been published. In addition, 2,628 seabed sediment samples were collected and analyzed and approximately 10,600 still photographs of the seabed were acquired during the project. These data provide the basis for scientists, policy makers, and managers for understanding the complex ecosystem of the sanctuary region and for monitoring and managing its economic and natural resources.

This data package was produced by researchers working on the Shortgrass Steppe Long Term Ecological Research (SGS-LTER) Project, administered at Colorado State University. Long-term datasets and background information (proposals, reports, photographs, etc.) on the SGS-LTER project are contained in a comprehensive project collection within the Digital Collections of Colorado (http://digitool.library.colostate.edu/R/?func=collections&collection_id=3429). The data table and associated metadata document, which is generated in Ecological Metadata Language, may be available through other repositories serving the ecological research community and represent components of the larger SGS-LTER project collection. No Abstract Available Resources in this dataset:Resource Title: Website Pointer to html file. File Name: Web Page, url: https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/mapbrowse?scope=knb-lter-sgs&identifier=817 Webpage with information and links to data files for download

This pie chart illustrates the distribution of degrees—Bachelor’s, Master’s, and Doctoral—among PERM graduates from Geographic Information Science For Development & Environment. It shows the educational composition of students who have pursued and successfully obtained permanent residency through their qualifications in Geographic Information Science For Development & Environment. This visualization helps to understand the diversity of educational backgrounds that contribute to successful PERM applications, reflecting the major’s role in fostering students’ career paths towards permanent residency in the U.S.

Free and reduced lunch data for each participating public school in Alaska. This data set includes the number of students receiving free lunches and reduced price lunches, and the percentage of the students enrolled in either of these programs. Students qualify for free and reduced meals under the National School Lunch Program.Source: Alaska Department of Education & Early Development, School Nutrition Programs

This data has been visualized in a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) format and is provided as a service in the DCRA Information Portal by the Alaska Department of Commerce, Community, and Economic Development Division of Community and Regional Affairs (SOA DCCED DCRA), Research and Analysis section. SOA DCCED DCRA Research and Analysis is not the authoritative source for this data. For more information and for questions about this data, see: Alaska Department of Education & Early Development Data Center.

This data package was produced by researchers working on the Shortgrass Steppe Long Term Ecological Research (SGS-LTER) Project, administered at Colorado State University. Long-term datasets and background information (proposals, reports, photographs, etc.) on the SGS-LTER project are contained in a comprehensive project collection within the Digital Collections of Colorado (http://digitool.library.colostate.edu/R/?func=collections&collection_id=3429). The data table and associated metadata document, which is generated in Ecological Metadata Language, may be available through other repositories serving the ecological research community and represent components of the larger SGS-LTER project collection. No Abstract Available Resources in this dataset:Resource Title: Website Pointer to html file. File Name: Web Page, url: https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/mapbrowse?scope=knb-lter-sgs&identifier=809 Webpage with information and links to data files for download

Taken from sections of the Report:

The purpose of the 1998/99 Antarctic survey season was to provide survey control around Davis, Beaver Lake and the Prince Charles Mountains in support of the ANARE mapping program (ANAREMAGIP) as well as providing survey support for other ANARE science programs.

Surveyors Matt King and Rachael Manson from the Centre for Spatial Information Science, University of Tasmania, already travelling to Davis as part of a ASAC project, were appointed as surveyors for the 1998/99 season.

The Royal Australian Army provided Cartographer/Surveyor Lee Palfrey to assist with the survey program in the Davis region.

The Antarctic Division's Brief to Surveyors which outlines the details of the program is included in Appendix A. The survey program consisted of the following major areas:

• Photo control
  • Vestfold Hills (Platcha, Ellis Narrows and Marine Plain)
  • Larsemann Hills
  • Beaver Lake, Pagodroma Gorge and Soyuz station
• Field checking of photogrammetric plotting
  • Davis station digital map
  • Vestfold Hills
  • Larsemann Hills
• Providing GPS coordinates for all uncoordinated survey marks in the Vestfold Hills.
• Completion of various tasks relating to the Davis tide gauge
  • Downloading and retrieval of the existing tide gauge at Davis.
  • Installation of the new tide gauge at Davis.
  • Timed water-level measurements.
  • Precise levelling connection of the tide gauge bench marks with the ARGN GPS site at Davis.
  • Third order levelling to connect the current tide gauge bench marks to those previously used by the Royal Australian Navy.*
• Lake levels within the Vestfold Hills.
• Installation of a new tide pole for Deep Lake.
• Engineering surveys at Davis

• Aerial photography of penguin colonies along the coast near Davis.*

• These tasks were not included in the original brief but were carried out at the request of the Mapping Officer during the season.

Flight lines and photo centres representing the aerial photography of penguin colonies were later created in the Australian Antarctic Data Centre. This data has Dataset_id 24 and is included in the the aerial photography data available for download from the related metadata record (see the provided URL).

GIS data was also created from data resulting from Matt King's survey of some features at Davis. The features include a fuel tank, some aerials, some electrical cables, some buildings, the SHIRE box (Physics apparatus) and a concrete pad. This GIS data has Dataset_id 24 and is included in the Davis GIS data available for download (see URL below).

Recommendations

Several recommendations can be made from our experiences over the summer.

We recommend a complete inventory of all GPS base station observations be taken and summarised. After observing NMVS 4, HBM 1 and HBM 2 we found that these marks had already been observed during the 1997/98 season (Note: the latitude of NMVS4 is listed incorrectly on page 24 of the 1997/98 report). It has been proposed by the Mapping Officer that all GPS data over 2 hours in length be made available on CDROM in the future.

We further recommend that the various height datums in use in the Vestfold Hills be combined into the one datum. A least-squares adjustment of all height measurements made in the region would be a reasonably simple process (if all the data can be found!).

It is our understanding that the current differential GPS transmitter (for real time GPS corrections) at Davis is of poor quality and broadcasts broadband noise, interfering with other radio sources. As a result, the communications technicians are loathe to place the transmitter on a large antenna tower, thus significantly limiting the usefulness of real time differential GPS at Davis. If it is envisaged that real-time GPS corrections will be required in the future at Davis (or even the Vestfold Hills), this transmitter will need to be replaced.

It is widely held around station that significant errors exist in the current 1:50000 Vestfold Hills map. We are glad to hear that a new generation map is nearing completion.

Having used the Davis Science digital camera during the season, we recommend that a digital camera be regarded as an essential component of future mapping programs. It may prove beneficial if ANAREMAGIP were to purchase such a camera.

The sediment data presented in this data layer were from a geochemical study sited in Great Bay Estuary, New Hampshire. The analog data were originally converted into digital form for inclusion in a Gulf of Maine Contaminated Sediments Database.

Number of students enrolled in free and reduced lunch programs by school district. Students qualify for free and reduced meals under the National School Lunch Program.GIS layers for individual years can be accessed using the Build Your Own Map application.*Mount Edgecumbe High School is a state-operated boarding school, and is therefore not included in a school district. This school is included in Alaska DCCED DCRA Data Portal school-scale education data.Source: Alaska Department of Education & Early DevelopmentThis data has been visualized in a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) format and is provided as a service in the DCRA Information Portal by the Alaska Department of Commerce, Community, and Economic Development Division of Community and Regional Affairs (SOA DCCED DCRA), Research and Analysis section. SOA DCCED DCRA Research and Analysis is not the authoritative source for this data. For more information and for questions about this data, see: Alaska Department of Education & Early Development School Nutrition Programs.

Toolik Field Station is located in the foothills of the Brooks Range on Alaska's North Slope and is administered by the Institute of Arctic Biology at the University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAF). Toolik Field Station was first established to support an aquatic program designed to obtain base-line data on the North Slope and inland coastal ponds in 1975. Research has expanded over the years to include terrestrial, atmospheric, vertebrate and other taxa, making Toolik home to a long running and diversified body of arctic ecology. The station currently supports a long-standing and rapidly expanding community of scientists and research projects representing individual and collaborative efforts from United States and international institutions. Growth of Toolik-based science, the number of researchers, and the facility from a tented camp to a research station prompted the establishment of the Toolik GIS (Geographical Information Systems) and Remote Sensing (RS) Program as part of the 5 year Cooperative Agreement between the National Science Foundation (NSF) and the Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks in 2001 (NSF Award Number 9981914). The mission of this Program is to facilitate and enhance arctic research, and to increase research and management efficiency, effectiveness and capability. This is accomplished: 1) through Information Technology (IT) and GIS-RS support of administrative and management infrastructure and production of planning tools for land management and permitting, and 2) through direct consultation and GIS, RS, and Global Posititioning System (GPS) support services to scientists. ToolikGIS provides a rich spatial geodatabase, project-specific data development, spatial analyses, consultation and documentation.