Health geography hierarchy boundaries, December 2023, England and Wales.Boundaries used (BGC) for geographies in England and Wales are generalised (20m) and are clipped to the coastline for England and Wales.

How would you define the boundaries of a town or city in England and Wales in 2016?

Maybe your definition would be based on its population size, geographic extent or where the industry and services are located. This was a question the ONS had to consider when creating a new statistical geography called Towns and Cities.

In reality, the ability to delimit the boundaries of a city or town is difficult!

Major Towns and Cities

The new statistical geography, Towns and Cities has been created based on population size and the extent of the built environment. It contains 112 towns and cities in England and Wales, where the residential and/or workday population > 75,000 people at the 2011 Census. It has been constructed using the existing Built-Up Area boundary set produced by Ordnance Survey in 2011.

This swipe map shows where the towns and cities and built-up areas are different. Just swipe the bar from left to right.

The blue polygons are the towns and cities and the purple polygons are the built-up areas.

Data for paper in Finance and Space, 1(1), 489–493 (Dec 2024)This database, which was collated from open and proprietary datasets before being cleaned, includes 915 contracts awarded to UK-based private sector contractors by the UK’s Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (formerly Department for International Development), between 1st January 2012 and 31st December 2022. The data includes contract award totals by firm, and the registered addresses and regional locations of firms that win UK aid contract awards.AbstractThis financial visualisation (FinVis) shows the geographical distribution of the UK’s top for-profit development contractors. Using a novel database, we map the location and value of 915 contracts awarded to UK-based private sector contractors by the UK’s Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (formerly the Department for International Development). It shows the geography of firms capturing aid finance, concentrated in London and the southeast of England. It contributes to understanding ‘aid contractor assemblages’ (cf. Roberts, S. M. 2014. Development Capital: USAID and the Rise of Development Contractors. Annals of The Association of American Geographers, 104(5), 1030–1051), and the knowledge economies and networks of firms which have become increasingly powerful in shaping a market around the ‘business of development’.

A web map showing administrative geography hierarchy boundaries in the UK as at 31 December 2022.Boundaries used (BGC) for geographies in Great Britain are generalised (20m) and are clipped to the coastline for Great BritainBoundaries used (BGE) for geographies in Northern Ireland are generalised (20m) and are extent of the realm and are not clipped to the coastline for Northern Ireland.

This file contains the digital vector boundaries for Countries, in the United Kingdom, as at December 2024.The boundaries available are: (BGC) Generalised (20m) - clipped to the coastline (Mean High Water mark).Contains both Ordnance Survey and ONS Intellectual Property Rights.

REST URL of Feature Access Service – https://services1.arcgis.com/ESMARspQHYMw9BZ9/arcgis/rest/services/Countries_December_2024_Boundaries_UK_BGC/FeatureServerREST URL of WFS Server –https://dservices1.arcgis.com/ESMARspQHYMw9BZ9/arcgis/services/Countries_December_2024_Boundaries_UK_BGC/WFSServer?service=wfs&request=getcapabilitiesREST URL of Map Server –https://services1.arcgis.com/ESMARspQHYMw9BZ9/arcgis/rest/services/Countries_December_2024_Boundaries_UK_BGC/MapServer

Main Topics:

In the middle of 2001 Roger Kain and Richard Oliver, from the University of Exeter, published a substantial work entitled Historic Parishes of England and Wales: Electronic Map - Gazetteer- Metadata. This was the final product of a project aimed at locating and mapping the boundaries of parish and sub-parish units of the mid-nineteenth century. The authors published the results in a series of electronic maps supplied on CD-ROM. Each one of these 115 maps contain a scanned 1”:1 mile OS New Popular Series map, overlain by the boundaries. A reference number can be found in each of the polygons that can then be used to look up information about that parish in gazetteer in an accompanying book.

A major limitation of this work is that although the boundaries are in digital form, they are divided into 115 tiles, none of which have any spatial co-ordinate information inherent in them. This means that although the maps are invaluable as a reference tool, they can not be used together within a GIS to select, analyse and present historic information.

We have therefore created a single digital map of the boundaries to provide a single, continuous coverage of polygons, each of which contain the information provided by Kain and Oliver in their accompanying book. This information includes the parish name, Ancient County, and a reference number that coincides with entries for that parish in the 1851 census report.

It is recommended that users also order disc 1 of study 4348; Historic Parishes of England and Wales : an Electronic Map of Boundaries before 1850 with a Gazetteer and Metadata



Please note: this study does not include information on named individuals and would therefore not be useful for personal family history research.

The OS Open Carto map service is designed to be used as background mapping providing a seamless map view from small to large scales with a consistent cartographic representation.

The sources of data are Ordnance Survey Strategi data for small and mid-scales and Vector Map District and Open Map Local for the largest scales.

The currency of the data is;Strategi - 01/2016Vector Map District - 03/2016Open Map Local - 03/2015

The coverage of the map service is GB.

The map projection is British National Grid.

The service is appropriate for viewing down to a scale of approximately 1:5,000.

Basemap last Updated on: 03/06/2016

A PDF map that shows the counties and unitary authorities in the United Kingdom as at 1 April 2023. (File Size - 583 KB)

Super Output Areas are a geographic hierarchy designed to improve the reporting of small-area statistics.

The Middle Super Output Areas and Intermediate Zones area list contains 8,660 areas of the following constituent geographies:

• 6,791 Middle Super Output Areas Set in England
• 1,279 Intermediate Zones in Scotland
• 410 Middle Super Output Areas Set in Wales

Please visit ONS Beginner's Guide to UK Geography for more info.

The boundaries are available as either extent of the realm (usually this is the Mean Low Water mark but in some cases boundaries extend beyond this to include off shore islands) or

clipped to the coastline (Mean High Water mark).

Census statistical geography hierarchy boundaries, December 2021, England and Wales.Boundaries include Output Areas (OAs), Lower layer Super Output Areas (LSOAs) and Middle layer Super Output Areas (MSOAs).Boundaries used (BGC) are generalised (20m) and are clipped to the coastline for England and Wales.

A PDF map that shows the local authority districts, counties and unitary authorities in the United Kingdom as at April 2019. The map has been created to show the United Kingdom from country level down to local authority district level. (File Size - 2, 837 KB) https://www.ons.gov.uk/methodology/geography/licences

To understand the relationship between place and politics, we must measure both political attitudes and the ways in which place is represented in the minds of individuals. In this paper, we assess a new measure of mental-representation of geography, in which survey respondents draw their own local communities on maps and describe them. This mapping measure has been used in Canada, the UK, Denmark, and the U.S. so far. We use a panel study in Canada to present evidence that these maps are both valid and reliable measures of a personally relevant geographic area, laying the measurement groundwork for the growing number of studies using this technology. We hope to set efforts to measure ‘place’ for the study of context and politics on firmer footing. Our validity assessments show that individuals are thinking about people and places with which they have regular contact when asked to draw their communities. Our reliability assessments show that people can draw more or less the same map twice, even when the exercise is repeated months later. Finally, we provide evidence that the concept of community is a tangible consideration in the minds of ordinary citizens and is not simply a normative aspiration or motivation.

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.

These digital boundaries were created by the Great Britain Historical GIS Project and form part of the Great Britain Historical Database, which contains a wide range of geographically-located statistics, selected to trace the emergence of the north-south divide in Britain and to provide a synoptic view of the human geography of Britain, generally at sub-county scales.

They represent the boundaries of Registration Counties in England and Wales as in use at the date of each Census of Population between 1851 and 1911, 1911 being the last census to report extensively on these units.

These digital boundaries can be used to map economic, social and demograohic statistics from the Censuses of Population, 1851 to 1911, the Registrar-General's reports from the same period, and other relevant statistical sources. They can also be used as reference maps for these administrative units, which often differ substantially from both Ancient Counties and 20th century Administrative Counties.

The boundary data contain the same numerical identifiers as are included in the GBHDB transcriptions of census and vital registration statistics for Registration Counties, making statistical mapping very straightforward.

This file contains the digital vector boundaries for Local Authority Districts, in the United Kingdom, as at December 2024.The boundaries available are: (BUC) Ultra generalised (500m) - clipped to the coastline (Mean High Water Mark).Contains both Ordnance Survey and ONS Intellectual Property Rights.REST URL of Feature Access Service – https://services1.arcgis.com/ESMARspQHYMw9BZ9/arcgis/rest/services/Local_Authority_Districts_December_2024_Boundaries_UK_BUC/FeatureServerREST URL of WFS Server –https://dservices1.arcgis.com/ESMARspQHYMw9BZ9/arcgis/services/Local_Authority_Districts_December_2024_Boundaries_UK_BUC/WFSServer?service=wfs&request=getcapabilitiesREST URL of Map Server –https://services1.arcgis.com/ESMARspQHYMw9BZ9/arcgis/rest/services/Local_Authority_Districts_December_2024_Boundaries_UK_BUC/MapServer

This file contains the digital vector boundaries for Covid Infection Survey Geography, in the United Kingdom, as at December 2020.The boundaries available are: (BGC) Generalised (20m) - clipped to the coastline (Mean High Water mark).Contains both Ordnance Survey and ONS Intellectual Property Rights.

REST URL of Feature Access Service – https://services1.arcgis.com/ESMARspQHYMw9BZ9/arcgis/rest/services/Covid_Infection_Survey_Dec_2020_UK_BGC/FeatureServerREST URL of WFS Server –https://dservices1.arcgis.com/ESMARspQHYMw9BZ9/arcgis/services/Covid_Infection_Survey_Dec_2020_UK_BGC/WFSServer?service=wfs&request=getcapabilitiesREST URL of Map Server –https://services1.arcgis.com/ESMARspQHYMw9BZ9/arcgis/rest/services/Covid_Infection_Survey_Dec_2020_UK_BGC/MapServer

Output Area is the lowest geographical level at which census estimates are provided. Output Areas were introduced in Scotland at the 1981 Census and in all the countries of the UK at the 2001 Census.

The Output Areas and Small Areas list contains 232,296 areas of the following constituent geographies:

• 171,372 Output Areas in England
• 46,351 Output Areas in Scotland
• 4,537 Small Areas in Northern Ireland
• 10,036 Output Areas in Wales

Please visit ONS Beginner's Guide to UK Geography for more info.

The boundaries are available as either extent of the realm (usually this is the Mean Low Water mark but in some cases boundaries extend beyond this to include off shore islands) or

clipped to the coastline (Mean High Water mark).

Snapshot img

Digital Map Market Size 2025-2029

The digital map market size is forecast to increase by USD 31.95 billion at a CAGR of 31.3% between 2024 and 2029.

The market is driven by the increasing adoption of intelligent Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) and the availability of location-based services. PDAs, such as smartphones and smartwatches, are becoming increasingly integrated with digital map technologies, enabling users to navigate and access real-time information on-the-go. The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) enables remote monitoring of cars and theft recovery. Location-based services, including mapping and navigation apps, are a crucial component of this trend, offering users personalized and convenient solutions for travel and exploration. However, the market also faces significant challenges.
Ensuring the protection of sensitive user information is essential for companies operating in this market, as trust and data security are key factors in driving user adoption and retention. Additionally, the competition in the market is intense, with numerous players vying for market share. Companies must differentiate themselves through innovative features, user experience, and strong branding to stand out in this competitive landscape. Security and privacy concerns continue to be a major obstacle, as the collection and use of location data raises valid concerns among consumers.

What will be the Size of the Digital Map Market during the forecast period?

Explore in-depth regional segment analysis with market size data - historical 2019-2023 and forecasts 2025-2029 - in the full report.
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In the market, cartographic generalization and thematic mapping techniques are utilized to convey complex spatial information, transforming raw data into insightful visualizations. Choropleth maps and dot density maps illustrate distribution patterns of environmental data, economic data, and demographic data, while spatial interpolation and predictive modeling enable the estimation of hydrographic data and terrain data in areas with limited information. Urban planning and land use planning benefit from these tools, facilitating network modeling and location intelligence for public safety and emergency management.

Spatial regression and spatial autocorrelation analyses provide valuable insights into urban development trends and patterns. Network analysis and shortest path algorithms optimize transportation planning and logistics management, enhancing marketing analytics and sales territory optimization. Decision support systems and fleet management incorporate 3D building models and real-time data from street view imagery, enabling effective resource management and disaster response. The market in the US is experiencing robust growth, driven by the integration of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Global Positioning Systems (GPS), and advanced computer technology into various industries.

How is this Digital Map Industry segmented?

The digital map industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Application

  Navigation
  Geocoders
  Others


Type

  Outdoor
  Indoor


Solution

  Software
  Services


Deployment

  On-premises
  Cloud


Geography

  North America

    US
    Canada


  Europe

    France
    Germany
    UK


  APAC

    China
    India
    Indonesia
    Japan
    South Korea


  Rest of World (ROW)

By Application Insights

The navigation segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period. Digital maps play a pivotal role in various industries, particularly in automotive applications for driver assistance systems. These maps encompass raster data, aerial photography, government data, and commercial data, among others. Open-source data and proprietary data are integrated to ensure map accuracy and up-to-date information. Map production involves the use of GPS technology, map projections, and GIS software, while map maintenance and quality control ensure map accuracy. Location-based services (LBS) and route optimization are integral parts of digital maps, enabling real-time navigation and traffic data.

Data validation and map tiles ensure data security. Cloud computing facilitates map distribution and map customization, allowing users to access maps on various devices, including mobile mapping and indoor mapping. Map design, map printing, and reverse geocoding further enhance the user experience. Spatial analysis and data modeling are essential for data warehousing and real-time navigation. The automotive industry's increasing adoption of connected cars and long-term evolution (LTE) technologies have fueled the demand for digital maps. These maps enable driver assistance app

LCM2007 is a parcel-based thematic classification of satellite image data covering the entire United Kingdom. The map updates and upgrades the Land Cover Map of Great Britain (LCMGB) 1990 and LCM2000. Like the earlier 1990 and 2000 products, LCM2007 is derived from a computer classification of satellite scenes obtained mainly from Landsat, IRS and SPOT sensors. It also covers Northern Ireland and incorporates information derived from other ancillary datasets. LCM2007 was classified using a nomenclature corresponding to the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompasses the entire range of UK habitats. In addition, it recorded further detail where possible, incorporating land cover classes sought by other users. LCM2007 is produced in both vector and raster formats, with a number of different versions containing varying levels of detail and at different spatial resolutions. Dataset consists of vector version, with polygons as classified (Northern Ireland only).

Geolocet's Administrative Boundaries Spatial Data serves as the gateway to visualizing geographic distributions and patterns with precision. The comprehensive dataset covers all European countries, encompassing the boundaries of each country, as well as its political and statistical divisions. Tailoring data purchases to exact needs is possible, allowing for the selection of individual levels of geography or bundling all levels for a country with a discount. The seamless integration of administrative boundaries onto digital maps transforms raw data into actionable insights.

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🔍 Geographic Context for Strategic Decisions

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🌍 Integration with Geolocet’s Demographic Data

The integration of Geolocet's Administrative Boundaries Spatial Data with Geolocet's Demographic Data creates a synergy that enriches insights. The combination of administrative boundaries and demographic information offers a comprehensive understanding of regions and their unique characteristics. This integration enables tailoring of strategies, marketing campaigns, and resource allocation to specific areas with confidence.

🌍 Integration with Geolocet’s POI Data

Combining Geolocet's Administrative Boundaries Spatial Data with our POI (Points of Interest) Data unveils not only the administrative divisions but also insights into the local characteristics of these areas. Overlaying POI data on administrative boundaries reveals details about the number and types of businesses, services, and amenities within specific regions. Whether conducting market research, identifying prime locations for retail outlets, or analyzing the accessibility of essential services, this combined data empowers a holistic view of target areas.

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Geolocet's Data as a Service (DaaS) model offers flexibility tailored to specific needs. The transparent pricing model ensures cost-efficiency, allowing payment solely for the required data. Whether nationwide administrative boundary data or specific regional details are needed, Geolocet provides a solution to match individual objectives. Contact us today to explore how Geolocet's Administrative Boundaries Spatial Data can elevate decision-making processes and provide the essential geographic data for success.

Data identifying Cambridgeshire's county boundary. For more information, please see the ONS Geoportal website. If data is used, please acknowledge the copyright and the source of the data by including the following attribution statements:

Contains National Statistics data © Crown copyright and database right (2016)

Contains OS data © Crown copyright and database right (2016)

For more details about licencing go to: https://www.ons.gov.uk/methodology/geography/licences

Source: ONS Geoportal

All data is correct as of download date: 17/10/2016