This dataset represents the GIS Version of the Public Land Survey System including both rectangular and non-rectangular surveys. The primary source for the data is cadastral survey records housed by the BLM supplemented with local records and geographic control coordinates from states, counties as well as other federal agencies such as the USGS and USFS. The data has been converted from source documents to digital form and transferred into a GIS format that is compliant with FGDC Cadastral Data Content Standards and Guidelines for publication. This data is optimized for data publication and sharing rather than for specific 'production' or operation and maintenance. This data set includes the following: PLSS Fully Intersected (all of the PLSS feature at the atomic or smallest polygon level), PLSS Townships, First Divisions and Second Divisions (the hierarchical break down of the PLSS Rectangular surveys), and the Bureau of Census 2015 Cartographic State Boundaries. The Entity-Attribute section of this metadata describes these components in greater detail. Please note that the data on this site, although published at regular intervals, may not be the most current PLSS data that is available from the BLM. Updates to the PLSS data at the BLM State Offices may have occurred since this data was published. To ensure users have the most current data, please contact the BLM PLSS Data Set Manager.

The table Firm survey wave 1 and 2 (GIS) is part of the dataset SEDRI Ethiopia firm survey (GIS), available at https://stanford.redivis.com/datasets/rxq3-9x047we25. It contains 1585 rows across 3377 variables.

The land surveying instrument market, valued at $6107 million in 2025, is projected to experience robust growth, driven by increasing infrastructure development globally and the rising adoption of advanced technologies like robotic total stations and GNSS receivers. The market's Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 5.8% from 2025 to 2033 indicates a significant expansion, fueled by the growing demand for precise and efficient surveying solutions across various sectors. Key application areas like construction and survey & mapping are primary growth drivers, benefiting from urbanization and the need for detailed spatial data. Technological advancements, including improved accuracy, automation, and data integration capabilities of instruments, further contribute to market expansion. While challenges such as high initial investment costs for advanced equipment and the need for skilled professionals might act as restraints, the overall market outlook remains positive due to consistent technological innovation and rising government investments in infrastructure projects worldwide. The market segmentation reveals a diverse landscape. Robotic total stations are anticipated to witness high demand owing to their enhanced efficiency and accuracy compared to their mechanical counterparts. GNSS receivers and GIS receivers are gaining traction due to their ability to provide real-time data and seamless integration with Geographical Information Systems. The 3D mobile mapping segment is expected to show significant growth, driven by the rising need for detailed 3D models in various applications, including urban planning and environmental monitoring. Geographically, North America and Europe currently hold significant market shares, but the Asia-Pacific region is projected to exhibit considerable growth potential in the coming years, driven by rapid urbanization and infrastructure development in countries like China and India. Leading companies like Hexagon, Trimble, Topcon, and others are actively engaged in developing and deploying innovative land surveying instruments to meet evolving market demands, fostering competition and technological advancement within the sector.

The global survey and mapping market is experiencing robust growth, driven by increasing urbanization, infrastructure development, and the rising adoption of advanced technologies like GIS, LiDAR, and drones. The market's expansion is further fueled by the burgeoning need for precise geospatial data across diverse sectors, including construction, agriculture, environmental monitoring, and disaster management. While precise market sizing requires specific figures, a reasonable estimate based on industry trends and the provided information suggests a market value in the billions of dollars, demonstrating significant potential for investment and expansion. The Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) for the period covering 2025-2033, while not specified, is likely within the range of 6-8% considering global infrastructure projects and technological advancements. This growth is projected to continue through 2033, indicating a promising long-term outlook for market participants. Significant restraints on market growth could include regulatory hurdles related to data privacy and security, along with the high initial investment cost associated with advanced technologies. However, these challenges are likely to be offset by the increasing demand for detailed and accurate geospatial information. The market segmentation reveals a diverse landscape of players, ranging from established multinational corporations like Fugro N.V. and AECOM to specialized regional firms. Competition is likely intense, with companies differentiating themselves through technological expertise, specialized services, and geographic reach. The strategic use of mergers and acquisitions, technological innovations, and partnerships will be crucial for companies aiming to maintain a competitive edge in this dynamic market. The prominent players listed showcase a global reach indicating a strong international demand across various economic regions.

This data release consists of three different types of data: including direct current (DC) resistivity profiles, frequency domain electromagnetic (FDEM) survey data, and global navigation satellite system (GNSS) coordinate data of the geophysical measurement locations. A data dictionary is included along with the data and defines all of the table headings, definitions, and units.
Earthen dams are common on lakes and ponds, but characteristics of these structures such as construction history, composition, and integrity are often unknown for older dams. Geophysical surveying techniques provide a non-invasive method of mapping their lithology and structure. In particular, DC resistivity and FDEM methods can, when properly processed, provide the information necessary to construct a lithologic model of an earthen dam without having to trench or core through the shell of the dam itself. In September, 2016 the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducted geophysical surveys at Bob Kidd ...

description: This dataset represents the GIS Version of the Public Land Survey System including both rectangular and non-rectangular surveys. The primary source for the data is cadastral survey records housed by the BLM supplemented with local records and geographic control coordinates from states, counties as well as other federal agencies such as the USGS and USFS. The data has been converted from source documents to digital form and transferred into a GIS format that is compliant with FGDC Cadastral Data Content Standards and Guidelines for publication. This data is optimized for data publication and sharing rather than for specific 'production' or operation and maintenance. This data set includes the following: PLSS Fully Intersected (all of the PLSS feature at the atomic or smallest polygon level), PLSS Townships, First Divisions and Second Divisions (the hierarchical break down of the PLSS Rectangular surveys), and the Bureau of Census 2015 Cartographic State Boundaries. The Entity-Attribute section of this metadata describes these components in greater detail. Please note that the data on this site, although published at regular intervals, may not be the most current PLSS data that is available from the BLM. Updates to the PLSS data at the BLM State Offices may have occurred since this data was published. To ensure users have the most current data, please refer to the links provided in the PLSS CadNSDI Data Set Availability accessible here: https://gis.blm.gov/EGISDownload/Docs/PLSS_CadNSDI_Data_Set_Availability.pdf or contact the BLM PLSS Data Set Manager.; abstract: This dataset represents the GIS Version of the Public Land Survey System including both rectangular and non-rectangular surveys. The primary source for the data is cadastral survey records housed by the BLM supplemented with local records and geographic control coordinates from states, counties as well as other federal agencies such as the USGS and USFS. The data has been converted from source documents to digital form and transferred into a GIS format that is compliant with FGDC Cadastral Data Content Standards and Guidelines for publication. This data is optimized for data publication and sharing rather than for specific 'production' or operation and maintenance. This data set includes the following: PLSS Fully Intersected (all of the PLSS feature at the atomic or smallest polygon level), PLSS Townships, First Divisions and Second Divisions (the hierarchical break down of the PLSS Rectangular surveys), and the Bureau of Census 2015 Cartographic State Boundaries. The Entity-Attribute section of this metadata describes these components in greater detail. Please note that the data on this site, although published at regular intervals, may not be the most current PLSS data that is available from the BLM. Updates to the PLSS data at the BLM State Offices may have occurred since this data was published. To ensure users have the most current data, please refer to the links provided in the PLSS CadNSDI Data Set Availability accessible here: https://gis.blm.gov/EGISDownload/Docs/PLSS_CadNSDI_Data_Set_Availability.pdf or contact the BLM PLSS Data Set Manager.

Usage

The prefixes f1_ and f2_ indicate that variables correspond to either wave 1 or wave 2, respectively.

Survey & Mapping Market Outlook

The global Survey & Mapping market size was valued at USD 15.2 billion in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 28.6 billion by 2032, with a CAGR of 7.2% during the forecast period. The growth of this market is driven primarily by the increasing demand for precise and reliable geospatial data across various sectors. Technological advancements in surveying and mapping tools, coupled with the rising deployment of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing technologies, are also contributing significantly to the market expansion.

One of the major growth factors in the Survey & Mapping market is the rapid urbanization and infrastructure development worldwide. As cities expand and new infrastructure projects arise, the need for accurate mapping and surveying data becomes paramount. This growth is particularly evident in developing regions where governments are undertaking large-scale projects to improve urban planning and development. Accurate survey data is critical for efficient planning, designing, and maintaining infrastructure such as roads, bridges, and utilities, which in turn fuels the demand for advanced surveying and mapping technologies.

Another significant factor contributing to market growth is the increasing adoption of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) or drones for surveying and mapping. UAVs offer a cost-effective, efficient, and safe method for capturing high-resolution aerial imagery and data over large areas. They are increasingly being used in various applications such as agriculture, mining, and construction to provide precise topographical data, monitor site progress, and assess conditions. The integration of UAVs with advanced sensors and AI-driven analytics is further enhancing their capability, driving their adoption across multiple industries.

Technological advancements in surveying and mapping equipment, including the development of LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) and GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) technologies, are also propelling market growth. LiDAR technology, in particular, is gaining traction due to its ability to produce highly accurate 3D models of terrain and objects. GNSS technology, on the other hand, provides precise location data, which is essential for various surveying applications. These technologies are increasingly being adopted for applications ranging from environmental monitoring to urban planning, contributing to the overall market expansion.

In addition to these advancements, Underground Survey Mapping Service is becoming increasingly vital in the context of urban development and infrastructure projects. This service provides essential data for the planning and execution of underground utilities and infrastructure, which are crucial for modern urban environments. By utilizing advanced technologies such as ground-penetrating radar and 3D modeling, underground survey mapping offers precise insights into subsurface conditions. This is particularly important for mitigating risks associated with construction and ensuring the safety and sustainability of urban projects. As cities continue to grow and evolve, the demand for accurate underground mapping services is expected to rise, further driving the expansion of the Survey & Mapping market.

Regionally, North America holds a significant share of the Survey & Mapping market, driven by the presence of key market players and the high adoption rate of advanced surveying technologies. The region is characterized by stringent regulations regarding infrastructure development and environmental monitoring, further boosting the demand for accurate and reliable survey data. Europe is also a prominent market, with increasing investments in infrastructure and smart city initiatives. The Asia Pacific region is expected to witness the highest growth rate during the forecast period, driven by rapid urbanization, infrastructure development, and government initiatives aimed at improving geospatial data collection and utilization.

Component Analysis

The Survey & Mapping market is segmented by components into hardware, software, and services. The hardware segment includes various equipment such as total stations, GNSS/GPS receivers, UAVs, and LiDAR systems. This segment holds a significant share of the market due to the essential role of these devices in capturing accurate geospatial data. The increasing demand for advanced hardware solutions that offer greater precision and eff

In support of new permitting workflows associated with anticipated WellSTAR needs, the CalGEM GIS unit extended the existing BLM PLSS Township & Range grid to cover offshore areas with the 3-mile limit of California jurisdiction. The PLSS grid as currently used by CalGEM is a composite of a BLM download (the majority of the data), additions by the DPR, and polygons created by CalGEM to fill in missing areas (the Ranchos, and Offshore areas within the 3-mile limit of California jurisdiction).CalGEM is the Geologic Energy Management Division of the California Department of Conservation, formerly the Division of Oil, Gas, and Geothermal Resources (as of January 1, 2020).Update Frequency: As Needed

The Land Survey Equipment System market is experiencing robust growth, driven by increasing infrastructure development globally, the burgeoning need for precise land management in agriculture, and the expanding adoption of advanced surveying techniques in various sectors like mining and energy. The market is segmented by application (agriculture, transportation, energy & power, mining, and others) and type (hardware, software, services). While precise figures for market size and CAGR require specific data, considering the technological advancements in GPS, LiDAR, and other surveying technologies, along with the rising demand for accurate spatial data across various industries, a conservative estimate places the 2025 market size at approximately $15 billion, with a projected CAGR of 6-8% through 2033. This growth is fueled by the integration of automation and data analytics into surveying processes, leading to increased efficiency and accuracy. Major players like Trimble, Hexagon, and Leica Geosystems are at the forefront, driving innovation and market consolidation through strategic partnerships and technological advancements. The market is further influenced by government regulations related to land management and infrastructure projects, particularly in developing economies experiencing rapid urbanization. The restraints to market growth include the high initial investment costs associated with advanced surveying equipment, the need for skilled professionals to operate and interpret the data, and potential disruptions from evolving technologies. However, these challenges are being mitigated by financing options, specialized training programs, and the increasing accessibility of user-friendly software solutions. The future of the Land Survey Equipment System market lies in the convergence of technologies such as IoT, cloud computing, and AI, which promise to further enhance accuracy, efficiency, and data accessibility for a wide range of applications. Geographic expansion, particularly in emerging markets with significant infrastructure development needs, will be a key driver of growth in the coming years. The market will likely see further segmentation based on specialized application needs within each industry, leading to the development of niche products and services.

The China geospatial analytics market is experiencing robust growth, projected to reach $2.52 billion in 2025 and maintain a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 10.69% from 2025 to 2033. This expansion is driven by increasing government investment in infrastructure development, the rising adoption of advanced technologies like AI and machine learning in geospatial analysis, and the growing need for precise location-based services across diverse sectors. The market's segmentation reveals significant opportunities across various application verticals. Agriculture benefits from improved precision farming and resource management, while utility and communication companies leverage geospatial analytics for network optimization and asset management. The defense and intelligence sectors utilize the technology for strategic planning and surveillance, alongside growing applications in government administration, mining, transportation, healthcare, and real estate. The competitive landscape includes both established players and emerging innovative companies, indicating a dynamic market with potential for consolidation and further technological advancements. The market's growth is further fueled by the increasing availability of high-resolution satellite imagery, advancements in data processing capabilities, and the growing adoption of cloud-based geospatial analytics platforms. However, data privacy concerns, the high cost of implementation, and the need for skilled professionals pose challenges to market expansion. Despite these restraints, the long-term outlook for the China geospatial analytics market remains positive, driven by consistent technological innovation and increasing demand across a wide spectrum of industries. The continued integration of geospatial analytics into existing business operations and strategic decision-making processes promises significant market growth in the coming years. This makes China a strategically important market for both domestic and international players in the geospatial analytics sector. Recent developments include: March 2023: China launched a remote sensing satellite recently. At the Xichang Satellite Launching Center of Sichuan Province in southwest China, a Yaogan 34-04 satellite lifted off on Long March 2C. The Long March 2C rocket is a two-stage launch vehicle that has been used on various missions, such as remote sensing and navigation satellites., August 2023: China successfully launched the high-orbit synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellite, L-SAR4 01. The satellite was placed into orbit from the Xichang Satellite Centre in southwest China, Sichuan Province. The LSAR4 01 Remote Sensing Satellite will allow the delivery of all-weather, day-to-day imaging of Chinese territory and areas surrounding it. It is suitable for disaster monitoring and other applications, as it provides the advantages of a short recalibration period and wide image coverage.. Key drivers for this market are: Increase in Adoption of Smart City Development, Introduction of 5G to Boost Market Growth. Potential restraints include: Increase in Adoption of Smart City Development, Introduction of 5G to Boost Market Growth. Notable trends are: 5G to boost the market growth during the forecast period.

The global Aerial Photogrammetry Surveying Services market is experiencing robust growth, driven by increasing demand across diverse sectors. While precise market size figures for 2025 are unavailable, considering a conservative estimate based on industry reports and trends, we can project a market valuation of approximately $2.5 billion USD in 2025. This is based on observed growth in related geospatial technologies and the expanding applications of aerial surveying. The market's Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) is estimated at 7% for the forecast period of 2025-2033, indicating consistent expansion. Key drivers include the rising adoption of advanced technologies like UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) and LiDAR, offering higher accuracy, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness compared to traditional methods. Furthermore, increasing government investments in infrastructure development and environmental monitoring projects are significantly boosting market demand. The diverse applications across forestry and agriculture, construction, power and energy, oil and gas, and environmental studies are fueling this expansion. While potential restraints include high initial investment costs for specialized equipment and skilled labor shortages, the overall market outlook remains positive, driven by technological advancements and burgeoning application areas. The market is segmented by aircraft type, satellite imagery, and other methods, as well as application sectors. Major players such as Kokusai Kogyo, Pasco, Asia Air Survey, Zenrin, and NV5 Global are actively contributing to market growth through technological innovations and service expansions. The projected CAGR of 7% suggests that the market will reach approximately $4.5 billion USD by 2033. This growth is expected to be fueled primarily by the adoption of newer technologies, increasing demand for precise data in urban planning, and the growing need for efficient resource management in sectors such as agriculture and environmental conservation. Regional variations are anticipated, with North America and Europe maintaining a significant market share due to advanced technological adoption and robust infrastructure. However, emerging economies in Asia-Pacific and other regions are expected to witness considerable growth in the coming years, driven by infrastructure development projects and increasing government spending. The competitive landscape remains dynamic, with companies continuously seeking to enhance their service offerings and technological capabilities to capture market share.

This dataset contains spatial datasets of topographic and bathymetric survey data in addition to data table the shapefile data collected at the 3 focal areas of research included in the Sustainable Rivers Program (SRP) in the Allegheny River that were collected and processed in collaboration with US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). The dataset is a combination of terrestrial topographic and bathymetry data measured by Trimble R10 Model 2 GNSS survey equipment or a FlowTracker2 Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV). The FlowTracker2 was used for flow measurements and water depth and spatial location of each flow measurement point were used to calculate river bottom bathymetry at those locations. Additionally, National Elevation Dataset (NED) data, obtained from the USGS Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Data Center was used for quality assurance and control of field collected data. NED data is clearly labeled in "source" column in both the shapefile and data table. B ...

These data are part of NACJD's Fast Track Release and are distributed as they were received from the data depositor. The files have been zipped by NACJD for release, but not checked or processed except for the removal of direct identifiers. Users should refer to the accompanying readme file for a brief description of the files available with this collection and consult the investigator(s) if further information is needed.The study includes data collected with the purpose of determining the geospatial capabilities of the nation's law enforcement agencies (LEAs) with regards to the tools, techniques, and practices used by these agencies.The collection includes two Excel files. The file "Geospatial Capabilities Survey Data To NACJD V2.xlsx" provides the actual data obtained from the completed surveys (n=311; 314 variables). The other file "Coding Scheme.xlsx" provides a coding scheme to be used with the data.

Anonymized results from a survey produced to understand user geospatial needs in the paleogeosciences.

Maps and GIS data provided by The Kentucky Geological Survey; includes maps, elevation, geology data, hydrology data, and transportation information.

Public Land Survey SystemThis feature layer, utilizing National Geospatial Data Asset (NGDA) data from the Bureau of Land Management data, displays the Public Land Survey System (PLSS) in the United States. Per BLM, "The BLM is required to perform cadastral surveys on all federal interest and Indian lands. As part of survey work, the BLM maintains an essential land grid, known as the rectangular survey system or Public Land Survey System (PLSS), which is the basis for identifying legal descriptions of land parcels."PLSS Township 7N 22EData downloaded: October 17, 2023Data source: BLM National Public Land Survey System PolygonsNGDAID: 10 (BLM National PLSS Public Land Survey System Polygons)OGC API Features Link: (Public_Land_Survey_System - OGC Features) copy this link to embed it in OGC Compliant viewersFor more information: About the Public Land Survey SystemSupport documentation: BLM National PLSS Public Land Survey System PolygonsFor feedback please contact: ArcGIScomNationalMaps@esri.comNGDA Data SetThis data set is part of the NGDA Cadastre Theme Community. Per the Federal Geospatial Data Committee (FGDC), Cadastre is defined as the "past, current, and future rights and interests in real property including the spatial information necessary to describe geographic extents. Rights and interests are benefits or enjoyment in real property that can be conveyed, transferred, or otherwise allocated to another for economic remuneration. Rights and interests are recorded in land record documents. The spatial information necessary to describe geographic extents includes surveys and legal description frameworks such as the Public Land Survey System, as well as parcel-by-parcel surveys and descriptions. Does not include federal government or military facilities."For other NGDA Content: Esri Federal Datasets

The United States Public Land Survey (PLS) divided land into one square mile units, termed sections. Surveyors used trees to locate section corners and other locations of interest (witness trees). As a result, a systematic ecological dataset was produced with regular sampling over a large region of the United States, beginning in Ohio in 1786 and continuing westward.
We digitized and georeferenced archival hand drawn maps of these witness trees for 27 counties in Ohio. This dataset consists of a GIS point shapefile with 11,925 points located at section corners, recording 26,028 trees (up to four trees could be recorded at each corner). We retain species names given on each archival map key, resulting in 70 unique species common names. PLS records were obtained from hand-drawn archival maps of original witness trees produced by researchers at The Ohio State University in the 1960’s. Scans of these maps are archived as “The Edgar Nelson Transeau Ohio Vegetation Survey” at The Ohio State University: http://hdl.handle.net/1811/64106.
The 27 counties are: Adams, Allen, Auglaize, Belmont, Brown, Darke, Defiance, Gallia, Guernsey, Hancock, Lawrence, Lucas, Mercer, Miami, Monroe, Montgomery, Morgan, Noble, Ottawa, Paulding, Pike, Putnam, Scioto, Seneca, Shelby, Williams, Wyandot. Coordinate Reference System: North American Datum 1983 (NAD83). This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under grants #DEB-1241874, 1241868, 1241870, 1241851, 1241891, 1241846, 1241856, 1241930.

Aeromagnetic data were collected along flight lines by instruments in an aircraft that recorded magnetic-field intensity values and location. In surveys such as this one where the data were originally collected in digital form and not digitized from contour maps, the information we provide typically includes latitude, longitude, magnetic anomaly in nanoTeslas, and intermediate values used to derive the magnetic anomaly such as total magnetic field.