This dataset is about cities in Germany, featuring 3 columns: city, country, and population. The preview is ordered by population (descending).

This statistic shows the degree of urbanization in Germany from 2013 to 2023. Urbanization means the share of urban population in the total population of a country. In 2023, 77.77 percent of Germany's total population lived in urban areas and cities. Urbanization in Germany Currently, about three quarter of the German population live in urban areas and cities, which is more than in most nations around the world. Urbanization, as it can be seen in this graph, refers to the number of people living in an urban area and has nothing to do with the actual geographical size or footprint of an area or country. A country which is significantly bigger than Germany could have a similar degree of urbanization, just because not all areas in the country are inhabitable, for example. One example for this is Russia, where urbanization has reached comparable figures to Germany, even though its geographical size is significantly bigger. However, Germany’s level of urbanization does not make the list of the top 30 most urbanized nations in the world, where urbanization rates are higher than 83 percent. Also, while 25 percent of the population in Germany still lives in rural areas, rural livelihoods are not dependent on agriculture, as only 0.75 percent of GDP came from the agricultural sector in 2014. So while Germany's urbanization rate is growing, a significant percentage of the population is still living in rural areas. Furthermore, Germany has a number of shrinking cities which are located to the east and in older industrial regions around the country. Considering that population growth in Germany is on the decline, because of low fertility rates, and that a number of cities are shrinking, the urban population is likely shifting to bigger cities which have more economic opportunities than smaller ones.

Social and economic figures for 67 large West German cities. The data aggregated at city level have been collected for most topics over several years, but not necessarily over the entire reference time period.

Topics: 1. Situation of the city: surface area of the city; fringe location in the Federal Republic.

1. Residential population: total residential population; German and foreign residential population.

2. Population movement:live births; deaths; influx; departures; birth rate; death rate; population shifts; divorce rate; migration rate; illegitimate births.

3. Education figures: school degrees; occupational degrees; university degrees.

4. Wage and income: number of taxpayers in the various tax classes as well as municipality income tax revenue in the respective classes; calculated income figures, such as e.g. inequality of income distribution, mean income or mean wage of employees as well as standard deviation of these figures; GINI index.

5. Gross domestic product and gross product: gross product altogether; gross product organized according to area of business; gross domestic product; employees in the economic sectors.

6. Taxes and debts: debt per resident; income tax and business tax to which the municipality is entitled; municipality tax potential and indicators for municipality economic strength.

7. Debt repayment and management expenditures: debt repayment, interest expenditures, management expenditures and personnel expenditures.

8. From the ´BUNTE´ City Test of 1979 based on 100 respondents per city averages of satisfaction were calculated. satisfaction with: central location of the city, the number of green areas, historical buildings, the number of high-rises, the variety of the citizens, openness to the world, the dialect spoken, the sociability, the density of the traffic network, the OEPNV prices {local public passenger transport}, the supply of public transportation, provision with culture, the selection for consumers, the climate, clean air, noise pollution, the leisure selection, real estate prices, the supply of residences, one´s own payment, the job market selection, the distance from work, the number of one´s friends, contact opportunities, receptiveness of the neighbors, local recreational areas, sport opportunities and the selection of further education possibilities.

9. Traffic and economy: airport and Intercity connection; number of kilometers of subway available, kilometers of streetcar, and kilometers of bus lines per resident; car rate; index of traffic quality; commuters; property prices; prices for one´s own home; purchasing power.

10. Crime: recorded total crime and classification according to armed robbery, theft from living-rooms, of automobiles as well as from motor vehicles, robberies and purse snatching; classification according to young or adult suspects with these crimes; crime stress figures. 12. Welfare: welfare recipients and social expenditures; proportion of welfare recipients in the total population and classification according to German and foreign recipients; aid with livelihood; expenditures according to the youth welfare law; kindergarten openings; culture expenditures per resident. 13. Foreigners: proportion of foreigners in the residential population.

11. Students: number of German students and total number of students; proportion of students in the residential population.

12. Unemployed: unemployment rate; unemployed according to employment office districts and employment office departments.

13. Places of work: workers employed in companies, organized according to area of business.

14. Government employees: full-time, part-time and total government employees of federal government, states and municipalities as well as differentiated according to workers, employees, civil servants and judges.

15. Employees covered by social security according to education and branch of economy: proportion of various education levels in the individual branches of the economy.

Germany DE: Population in Largest City data was reported at 3,573,938.000 Person in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 3,570,750.000 Person for 2022. Germany DE: Population in Largest City data is updated yearly, averaging 3,388,296.500 Person from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2023, with 64 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3,573,938.000 Person in 2023 and a record low of 3,041,327.000 Person in 1983. Germany DE: Population in Largest City data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Population in largest city is the urban population living in the country's largest metropolitan area.;United Nations, World Urbanization Prospects.;;

This statistic shows the size of the urban and rural populations of Germany between 1960 and 2022. Over the years recorded here, the urban population of Germany has increased, while the rural population has declined. The population of Germany has remained at approximately 82 million during this period.

In 2023, 40-59-year-olds made up the largest age group in Germany, at almost 23 million people. The most recent figures confirm that the next-largest age group was 65 years and older, at 18.89 million. Aging population With the number of people belonging to older age groups visibly outstripping younger ones, in recent years it has become clear that Germany’s population is aging. In fact, figures on age structure in Germany depict a constant trend of a slowly increasing population share aged over 65 since 2012. Meanwhile, the share of population members aged 0 to 14 years has been falling, which was also reflected in the fluctuating national birth rate in recent years. A look at the future Germany’s current total population stands at 84.7 million. While this number is predicted to increase, the same goes for the age group of 65 years and older. This means that the national population will continue to age.

Chart and table of population level and growth rate for the Berlin, Germany metro area from 1950 to 2025. United Nations population projections are also included through the year 2035.

Population by selected characteristics (single age, gender, German) - Total city

Germany DE: Population in Largest City: as % of Urban Population data was reported at 5.519 % in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 5.488 % for 2022. Germany DE: Population in Largest City: as % of Urban Population data is updated yearly, averaging 5.542 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2023, with 64 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 6.272 % in 1960 and a record low of 5.323 % in 1982. Germany DE: Population in Largest City: as % of Urban Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Population in largest city is the percentage of a country's urban population living in that country's largest metropolitan area.;United Nations, World Urbanization Prospects.;Weighted average;

All cities with a population > 1000 or seats of adm div (ca 80.000)Sources and ContributionsSources : GeoNames is aggregating over hundred different data sources. Ambassadors : GeoNames Ambassadors help in many countries. Wiki : A wiki allows to view the data and quickly fix error and add missing places. Donations and Sponsoring : Costs for running GeoNames are covered by donations and sponsoring.Enrichment:add country name

In 2023, 23.3 percent of Berlin's population were foreigners. Therefore, among all German federal states, Berlin had the highest foreigner share, followed by Bremen and Hamburg. On the other side of the spectrum, only seven percent of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania were non-Germans.

Among all 16 German federal states, Saxony-Anhalt has the highest share of population members aged 65 years and older, at around 27.8 percent. Thuringia and Saxony followed, with shares of 27.4 and 26.8 percent. The indicator provides information on the development of the proportion of the working-age population in the total population.

The present study is an exemplary analysis of the development and the changes of living in a big city of the 19th century. The study tries to develop indicators for the evaluation of the urban housing provision during the process of urbanization that relate occurrence and extent of housing shortage with quantifiable standards of housing provision looking at the example of Hamburg in the second part of the 19th century. Thereby a long term analysis of the material circumstances of housing conditions will be shown and at the same time the concept of housing shortage in its historical relativity through a comparison with the living conditions in the Federal Republic of Germany will be clarified. Based on this, in the second step standards and social disparities of housing in their social stratification and in its urban structure change will be examined. In how far the example of Hamburg in the late 19th century can be generalized will be reviewed through a comparison of housing types and housing provision levels of German cities using a cross-sectional comparison of 1905. “Based on a comparison of metropolitan living situations it will be attempted to show the level and extend of disparities in the housing provision in the late 19th century using a typology of metropolitan housing structures. We assume that the housing structure of a city can only be represented in a very imperfect way using a more or less arbitrary chosen random variable. Much more information can be derived from the correlation of many different characteristics of the basic structure of urban housing, that can be understood as quasi-independent variables and that build the basis of the comparison. For a hierarchical cluster analysis with 27 variables 30 cities were considered for statistical classification and an empirical typecast. The used data is based on statistical housing surveys of German cities that were made in the context of the population census from the first December of 1905 and on the information if the profession and establishment census from July 1907. Three fourth of the cities (with more than 100.000 inhabitants) of the German Empire were selected” (Wischermann, a. cit., p. 401). “The excellent public statistics from Hamburg were, especially in the turn of the century, adjusted with many private surveys. Therefor the state of the quantitative sources for Hamburg is probably the best one of the German Empire… The situation of the sources for the investigation of the development of the housing circumstances in the 19th century in Hamburg is better than in other parts of Germany. This data basis enabled this study going back until the beginning of the industrialization; it enabled the investigation of one of the most important German case studies of changes in urban housing in the 19th century in a city that was at the frontier of English, French and Berlin zones of influence on the development of living circumstances in Germany. It is also a paradigm for the investigation of structural changes of housing within a city under the impact of economic transitions (extension of the harbor), hygienic innovation (since the cholera epidemic) and several urban development projects. Especially in the German urbanization period quality and structure of housing in the developing cities are connected with the urban area and the socio-spatial differentiation of housing in an extent that has not been known so far.” (Wischermann, a. cit., p. 13, p. 15).

Data tables in HISTAT: (In addition, the cross-sectional data for 1905 for cluster analysis of German cities (30 cities, 27 variables for the year 1905) can be ordered at the GESIS data archive number ZA8474).

A. Tables from the appendix A.01 Development of the population in the inner city and the suburbs of Hamburg (1817-1866) A.02 Housing stock in the inner city and the suburbs of Hamburg (1817-1866) A.03 Present local population of Hamburg and the districts (1867-1910) A.04 Movement of the population in Hamburg (1864-1913) A.05 The population density of Hamburg’s districts (1871-1910) A.06 Housing stock density of Hamburg’s districts(1867-1910) A.07 The provision level of housing in Hamburg (1867-1912) A.08 Internal density of Hamburg and its districts A: residents per room without kitchens (1885-1910) A.09 Internal density of Hamburg and its districts B: inhabitants per heated room (1885-1910) A.10 Occupancy of Hamburg and its districts: residents per apartment (1867-1910) A.11 Empty rooms and their rental value in Hamburg (1866-1913) A.12 Empty rooms in Hamburg and its districts (1867-1910) A.13 New construction, alteration and demolition statistics of the city of Hamburg (1885-1912) A.14 Small housing production in Hamburg (1896-1912) A.15 Landowner relations in Hamburg (1875-1910) A.16 Development of floor living in Hamburg (1867-1910) A.17 Residents after number of floors on Hamburg (1867-1910) A.18 Basement apartments in the districts of Hamburg (1867-1910) A.19 Apartments in...

Attitudes and moral concepts of the German population in the public, occupational and private area. Questions on socialization.

Topics: importance of areas of life and educational goals; interest in university activities and college studies; attitude to academics and image of academics (scales); comparison of academics and non-academics; self-image (scale); satisfaction with personal education and occupational training (scale); attitude to work and work satisfaction; most important aspects of work; perceived work demands; work during leisure time; actual and ideal criteria of upward social mobility; perceived change of prospects of promotion in the FRG; identification of privileged population groups; perception of group differences as well as of social classes; class model; attitude to social differences (scale) as well as judgement on the level and development of inequality in the FRG; self-assessment of social class on a scale and satisfaction with personal social position; self-assessment of personal social standing based on income, occupation as well as influence in society; image of society and achievement orientation (scale); understanding of sex roles as well as assessment of the suitability of men and women for certain occupations; political interest and political participation (scale); importance of political goals; satisfaction with income.

Demography: age; marital status; religious denomination; school education; further education; occupational position; company size; sources of income; respondent is head of household; residential status; membership in a union, party or an organization; party preference.

Interviewer rating: type of building; residence and business building; type of city; presence of other persons and their intervention in interview; willingness to cooperate and reliability of respondent; length of interview; number and time of contact attempts; city size; district code.

Rural population refers to people living in rural areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated as the difference between total population and urban population. Aggregation of urban and rural population may not add up to total population because of different country coverages.

Content

A dataset of counties that are representative for Germany with regard to

the average disposable income,

the quota of divorces,

the respective quotas of employees working in the services (excluding logistics, security, and cleaning) and the MINT sectors,

the proportions of age groups in the total proportion of the respective population, with age groups in five-year strata for the population aged between 30 and 65 and the population in the age range between 65 and 75 each considered separately for the calculation of representativeness.

In addition, data from the four big cities Berlin, München (Munich), Hamburg, and Köln (Cologne) were collected and reflected in the dataset.

The dataset is based on the most recent data available at the time of the creation of the dataset, mainly deriving from 2022, as set out in detail in the readme.md file.

Method applied

The selection of the representative counties, as reflected in the dataset, was performed on the basis of official statistics with the aim of obtaining a confidence rate of 95%. The selection was based on a principal component analysis of the statistical data available for Germany and the addition of the regions with the lowest population density and the highest and lowest per capita disposable income. A check of the representativity of the selected counties was performed.

In the case of Leipzig, the city and the district had to be treated together, in deviation from the official territorial division, with respect to a specific use case of the data.

The author statistically depicts the population growth of the largest German cities between 1871 and 1910. He uses the official statistics. He breaks down the cities into zones in order to make their development comparable.In order to do this, he used the term agglomeration, with which he refers to the contiguous built-up area, with developed infrastructure as well as traffic routes and rail traffic, and their population. In order to find as uniform a demarcation as possible, he delimits the areas of the respective cities by drawing circles whose radius starts from the center of the city and is 10 km long. This is the entire agglomeration, which finally differentiates it into the inner agglomeration and outer agglomeration. The inner agglomeration is located within 5 km of the city center. The outer agglomeration refers to the areas at a distance of 5 to 10 km around the city center. The following cities are being investigated by him:Aachen; Augsburg; Berlin; Braunschweig; Bremen; Breslau (Wroclaw); Kassel (in the data old spelling: Cassel); Chemnitz; Cologne (in the data old spelling: Cöln); Krefeld (in the data old spelling: Crefeld); Danzig; Dortmund; Dresden; Dusseldorf; Duisburg; Elberfeld; Erfurt; Essen; Frankfurt a. Main; Halle; Hannover; Karlsruhe; Kiel; Koenigsberg; Leipzig; Magdeburg; Mainz; Mannheim; Munich; Nuremberg; Plauen; Posen; Saarbrücken; Stettin; Strasbourg; Stuttgart. Variables are the city area, the inhabitants of the city as a whole, the population as an index on the basis of 1971 = 100, the inhabitants of the territories incorporated into the cities between 1871 and 1910, and the population density of the city and the incorporated areas. Reporting years are 1871, 1880, 1890,1900, and 1910. The data has been classified in the online database histat (https://histat.gesis.org/histat/) under the topic ´population´.

In 1800, the region of Germany was not a single, unified nation, but a collection of decentralized, independent states, bound together as part of the Holy Roman Empire. This empire was dissolved, however, in 1806, during the Revolutionary and Napoleonic eras in Europe, and the German Confederation was established in 1815. Napoleonic reforms led to the abolition of serfdom, extension of voting rights to property-owners, and an overall increase in living standards. The population grew throughout the remainder of the century, as improvements in sanitation and medicine (namely, mandatory vaccination policies) saw child mortality rates fall in later decades. As Germany industrialized and the economy grew, so too did the argument for nationhood; calls for pan-Germanism (the unification of all German-speaking lands) grew more popular among the lower classes in the mid-1800s, especially following the revolutions of 1948-49. In contrast, industrialization and poor harvests also saw high unemployment in rural regions, which led to waves of mass migration, particularly to the U.S.. In 1886, the Austro-Prussian War united northern Germany under a new Confederation, while the remaining German states (excluding Austria and Switzerland) joined following the Franco-Prussian War in 1871; this established the German Empire, under the Prussian leadership of Emperor Wilhelm I and Chancellor Otto von Bismarck. 1871 to 1945 - Unification to the Second World War The first decades of unification saw Germany rise to become one of Europe's strongest and most advanced nations, and challenge other world powers on an international scale, establishing colonies in Africa and the Pacific. These endeavors were cut short, however, when the Austro-Hungarian heir apparent was assassinated in Sarajevo; Germany promised a "blank check" of support for Austria's retaliation, who subsequently declared war on Serbia and set the First World War in motion. Viewed as the strongest of the Central Powers, Germany mobilized over 11 million men throughout the war, and its army fought in all theaters. As the war progressed, both the military and civilian populations grew increasingly weakened due to malnutrition, as Germany's resources became stretched. By the war's end in 1918, Germany suffered over 2 million civilian and military deaths due to conflict, and several hundred thousand more during the accompanying influenza pandemic. Mass displacement and the restructuring of Europe's borders through the Treaty of Versailles saw the population drop by several million more.

Reparations and economic mismanagement also financially crippled Germany and led to bitter indignation among many Germans in the interwar period; something that was exploited by Adolf Hitler on his rise to power. Reckless printing of money caused hyperinflation in 1923, when the currency became so worthless that basic items were priced at trillions of Marks; the introduction of the Rentenmark then stabilized the economy before the Great Depression of 1929 sent it back into dramatic decline. When Hitler became Chancellor of Germany in 1933, the Nazi government disregarded the Treaty of Versailles' restrictions and Germany rose once more to become an emerging superpower. Hitler's desire for territorial expansion into eastern Europe and the creation of an ethnically-homogenous German empire then led to the invasion of Poland in 1939, which is considered the beginning of the Second World War in Europe. Again, almost every aspect of German life contributed to the war effort, and more than 13 million men were mobilized. After six years of war, and over seven million German deaths, the Axis powers were defeated and Germany was divided into four zones administered by France, the Soviet Union, the UK, and the U.S.. Mass displacement, shifting borders, and the relocation of peoples based on ethnicity also greatly affected the population during this time. 1945 to 2020 - Partition and Reunification In the late 1940s, cold war tensions led to two distinct states emerging in Germany; the Soviet-controlled east became the communist German Democratic Republic (DDR), and the three western zones merged to form the democratic Federal Republic of Germany. Additionally, Berlin was split in a similar fashion, although its location deep inside DDR territory created series of problems and opportunities for the those on either side. Life quickly changed depending on which side of the border one lived. Within a decade, rapid economic recovery saw West Germany become western Europe's strongest economy and a key international player. In the east, living standards were much lower, although unemployment was almost non-existent; internationally, East Germany was the strongest economy in the Eastern Bloc (after the USSR), though it eventually fell behind the West by the 1970s. The restriction of movement between the two states also led to labor shortages in the West, and an influx of migrants from...

Chart and table of population level and growth rate for the Bonn, Germany metro area from 1950 to 2025. United Nations population projections are also included through the year 2035.

Chart and table of population level and growth rate for the Hannover, Germany metro area from 1950 to 2025. United Nations population projections are also included through the year 2035.