In 2023, German police registered around 214,100 cases of violent crime, which was a large increase compared with the year before. During the specified period, figures peaked in 2007. Violent crimes are characterized by the use of force or even weapons on a victim.

Crime and socioeconomic data for the German Reich and mortality statistics for Prussia at county level for 1871 to 1912.

Topics: A: variables for the entire German Reich (1047 counties)

1. crime data: a) totals of all convicted for crimes and offences per 100000 b) number convicted due to dangerous bodily injury per 100000 c) number convicted due to simple theft per 100000

2. demographic information: a) totals of population of the age of criminal responsibility in the counties for 1885, 1905 and 1910 b) male German-speaking population in 1900 c) female German-speaking population in 1900 d) male, non-German-speaking population in 1900 e) female, non-German-speaking population in 1900 f) primary ethnic groups in 1900

3. data on urbanization: a) total population of the municipalities with more than 2000 residents per county in 1900 b) population in medium-sized cities per county in 1900 c) population in large cities per county in 1900 d) total population per county in 1900 e) typing the counties in city counties (=1) and districts (=2) in 1900

4. Geographic data a) short designation of all counties (1881 to 1912) b) identification number of all counties listed under 4a) c) surface area of the county in square kilometers in 1900

B: variables for Prussia (583 counties) mortality data for 1885, 1886, 1904, 1905 and 1906:

a) totals of deaths (according to sex) for the respective year b) number of deaths due to Tuberculosis (according to sex) for the respective year c) number of deaths due to suicide (according to sex) for the respective year d) number of deaths due to murder and manslaughter (according to sex) for the respective year

The variables for the Prussian counties can be compared with the corresponding counties of the German Reich.

Germany - Population reporting occurrence of crime, violence or vandalism in their area was 10.70% in December of 2023, according to the EUROSTAT. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for Germany - Population reporting occurrence of crime, violence or vandalism in their area - last updated from the EUROSTAT on October of 2025. Historically, Germany - Population reporting occurrence of crime, violence or vandalism in their area reached a record high of 14.20% in December of 2017 and a record low of 8.20% in December of 2020.

Historical dataset showing Germany crime rate per 100K population by year from 1990 to 2021.

Since 2016, the number of crimes per 100,000 inhabitants has been on a downward trend and was at its lowest in 2021, although this was likely due to the lockdowns caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Since then, crime rates have risen again. In 2023, the police recorded roughly ***** criminal offenses per 100,000 inhabitants. Youth criminal suspects Since the number of crimes is increasing, so is the number of suspects. Concerningly, the number of juvenile suspects has seen a rather significant increase and is currently at its ************ since 2016. Suspects who are considered in the juvenile category are aged 14 to 17 years old. In Germany, children under the age of 14 cannot be prosecuted and if they commit a crime, then social services usually step in to try and help. In general, punishments for those convicted are much more lenient as it is often considered that due to their age, they may not have been aware of the repercussions of their actions. For example, regardless of the crime committed, no child under the age of 18 can be tried as an adult. In contrast, in England and Wales, there were around ***** people aged between 15 and 20 in prison. Crimes solving rate With a higher crime rate, it is also important to consider how many crimes are solved. Once a crime is solved, the hope is that the victim can get some type of closure and answers, and also that the perpetrator faces justice for the crimes they committed. In 2023, the police solved around **** million crimes in Germany and for the past three years, there has been a substantial increase in the number of crimes solved. Some cases are, of course, easier to solve than others. Crimes of arson and other fire-hazard-related crimes had a comparably low clearance rate at around ** percent. In contrast, drug-related offenses were much more frequently solved. Even though 2023 saw the lowest clearance rate in 20 years, it was still at ** percent.

The crime rate in Germany for 2022 was 6,762 crimes per 100,000 people, making it the first time in seven years in which the crime rate rose compared to the year before. Between 2000 and 2004 the crime rate in Germany increased from 7,625 to 8,037, before declining to 7,253 by 2010. The years between 2010 and 2015 saw an increase in the crime rate, but after 2015, the recent trend of declining crime started, leading to the generally low figures seen in the most recent years. While the uptick in the crime rate in 2022 marks a negative turn compared with these years, the overall crime rate is still much lower on average than in previous decades.

Crime rate highest in cities Germany’s sixteen states are made up of thirteen federal states, and three city states; Berlin, Hamburg and Bremen. These three city states had the highest regional crime rates in Germany, due to only covering urban areas which usually have higher crime rates than rural areas. The large federal state of Bavaria, in the southeast of Germany, had the lowest crime rate in the country at 4,698 crimes per 100,000 people in 2020. Baden-Württemberg, home to the black forest and the city of Stuttgart had the second-lowest crime rate per 100 thousand people in this year, at 4,944.

The number of criminal offenses recorded in Germany fluctuated during the specified period. In 2023, around **** million crimes were registered, compared to **** million in 2015. The data are based on police criminal statistics, which are compiled by the Federal Criminal Police Office (Bundeskriminalamt). The statistics include all criminal offenses known to the police, as well as attempts to commit a crime. Not included are minor breaches of the law, crimes against the state and traffic offenses.

Germany - Population reporting occurrence of crime, violence or vandalism in their area: Above 60% of median equivalised income was 10.40% in December of 2023, according to the EUROSTAT. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for Germany - Population reporting occurrence of crime, violence or vandalism in their area: Above 60% of median equivalised income - last updated from the EUROSTAT on September of 2025. Historically, Germany - Population reporting occurrence of crime, violence or vandalism in their area: Above 60% of median equivalised income reached a record high of 13.30% in December of 2017 and a record low of 7.70% in December of 2020.

The number of rape and sexual assault cases reported to the police in Germany peaked at ****** in 2024 during the period shown here. Previously, the highest number of cases, ******, had been recorded the year before. Based on the definition in criminal law, sexual assault includes rape, as well as other sexually driven physical attacks. Rape is defined as forcing a person to have sex. Increased crime clearance rate The question remains how high the number of unreported cases is. Reasons for not reporting a sexual assault vary among victims. In recent years, the German police reported increasing clearance rates for sexual crimes. In 2022, **** percent of rape and sexual assault cases were solved, compared to **** percent in 2016. In 2023, however this figure dropped to **** percent, perhaps due to the increase in the number of cases. Among males suspected of committing such crimes, over ** percent were young adults aged 18 to 21 years. Types of German police forces German police forces are divided into several different types, which all have clearly established tasks regulated by law. The Federal Criminal Police Office (Bundeskriminalamt, BKA) is often compared to the FBI in the U.S. and investigates federal crimes, such as kidnapping. The Federal Police (Bundespolizei), works in railway stations, at airports, and seaports. They also protect borders, government buildings, and deal with organized crime and terrorism. The criminal police (Kriminalpolizei, Kripo), the only policemen not wearing in uniform in Germany, handle assault, murder, and rape cases, as well as theft. The uniformed police (Schutzpolizei, SchuPo), or beat police, are regularly visible in streets, as they are responsible for traffic safety, among other tasks, and may be approached directly by people in need of assistance or help.

Gegenstand der Datenübersicht ist die Kriminalitätsentwicklung der früheren Deutschen Demokratischen Republik anhand der veröffentlichten Kriminalstatistik. Die Kriminalstatistik gestattet Aussagen über die Kriminalität als Ganzes. Darin sind die Daten zu Straftat und Täter, zur Ermittlung durch die Polizei und zur Strafverfolgung durch die Justiz gebündelt. Sie zeigt die Größenordnung an und ermöglicht den Vergleich über längere Zeiträume. Ziel der Übersicht ist die Darstellung von ausgewählten Daten aus den Primärquellen. Dabei knüpft die Datensammlung an die Publikation von Freiburg an (vgl. Freiburg, A., 1981: Kriminalität in der DDR. Zur Phänomenologie des abweichenden Verhaltens im sozialistischen deutschen Staat. Opladen: Westdeutscher Verlag); die hier ausgewählten Zeitreihen wurden bis zum Jahr 1989 ergänzt. Berücksichtigt wurden die Themen: 1. Übersichten zur Gesamt-Kriminalitätsentwicklung in der ehemaligen DDR:- Entwicklung der Kriminalität in der DDR nach den im statistischen Jahrbuch der DDR veröffentlichten Angaben (1946-1989)- Straftaten, Täter, Verurteilte: DDR-Statistik einschließlich berechneter bzw. geschätzter Werte (1946-1989)- Von ´Maßnahmen strafrechtlicher Verantwortlichkeit´ betroffene Personen je 100 000 strafmündiger Einwohner (1950-1983) 2. Strafverfahren:- Verfahrensabschluss festgestellter Täter (1960-1989)- Verfahrensabschlüsse je 100 Straftaten (1955-1978)- Täter, Verurteilte und Übergaben an gesellschaftliche Gerichte je 100.000 strafmündige Einwohner (1950-1989) 3. Deliktstruktur:- Deliktstruktur nach Straftaten, absolut und in Prozent (1957-1989) 4. Regionale Verteilung der Kriminalität:- Straftaten je 100.000 Einwohner nach Bezirken (1957-1989)- Strafmündige Täter, je 100 000 strafmündige Einwohner nach Bezirken (1958-1989)- Verurteilte je 100.000 strafmündige Einwohner nach Bezirken (1955-1968)

The Study’s Subject: The German Statistical Office of the German Empire compiled a comparative representation of different countrie’s crime statistics. In this context the statistical office was faced with the problem of diverging methodologies and classifications of the countrie’s crime statistics data collections. After World War 1 the “International Statistic Institute (ISI)” and the “International Penal Law and Prison Commission” (IPPC) ) resumed their research activities in the fields of criminal statistics in international comparison. In this context the Statistical Office of the German Empire carried out an investigation of 33 european and non-european countries with the aim to work out a comparative compilation of various criminalstatistical classifications. Is was established that at the time of preparation a comparison of different classifications a comparable international data compilation could not be gathered due to significant differences between the classifications. Finally from the 33 countries it could be compiled time series on criminal statisics only for a small selection of countries. The reason for this situation was the lack of data material for many countries. Therefore, the development of crime could be presented in form of time series for the following countries: - Austria- England and Wales- France- German Empire- Sweden- Canada- Japan In terms of the crime statistical objective data on lawsuit processes (for example the number of criminal proceedings) has not been incorporated. Furthermore, no data on the military criminal justice are included in the data compilation. The following information, which was available in the statistics, has been taken from the statistics for the data compilation: Information on the persons, who has been accused or convicted: Number of persons totally, by gender, teenagers or adults.Information on the offences the persons were accused for: accused or convicted by groups of offences or single selected offences.The sentences imposed as results of lawsuit processes are not included in this data compilation. Data tables in HISTAT (Thema: Kriminaltiät): A. Österreich (Austria) A.1 Rechtskräftig Verurteilte nach Geschlecht (Legally convicted by sex)A.2 Rechtskräftig Verurteilte wegen Verbrechen nach ausgewählten Deliktarten (Legally convicted of crimes by selected types of offences)A.3 Rechtskräftig Verurteilte wegen Verbrechen und Übertretungen zusammen nach ausgewählten Deliktarten (Legally convicted of crimes and violations by selected types of offences)A.4 Verurteilte auf 100.000 Strafmündige nach ausgewählten Deliktarten (Kriminalitätsziffern) (Convicted per 100.000 of population of the age of criminal responsibility by selected offences (crime rate)) B. England und Wales (England and Wales)B.1 Angeklagte wegen schwerer Vergehen vor Schwurgerichten und Vierteljahressitzungen nach Deliktarten (Accuesed of heavy offences at the jury court (Assizes) and at the „Quarter Sessions“ by types of offences)B.2 Angeklagte wegen schwerer und leichter Vergehen vor allen Gerichten insgesamt und vor den Gerichten für summarische Rechtsprechung (Accused of heavy offences and of petty offences at all types of courts and at courts of summary jurisdiction)B.3 Angeklagte und Verurteilte nach Geschlecht C. Frankreich (France) C.1 Verhandlungen vor Schwurgerichten (Hearings at the jury courts)C.1.1 Angeklagte vor Schwurgerichte nach Geschlecht (Accused at jury courts by gender)C.1.2 Anzahl der Verurteilten durch Schwurgerichte (Number of convicted by the jury court)C.1.3 Erhobene Anklagen nach Deliktart vor Schwurgerichten (Prosecutions by types of offences at the jury court) C.2 Verhandlungen vor Strafgerichten (Hearings at the tribunal court)C.2.1 Angeklagte vor und Verurteilte der Strafgerichte insgesamt (Accused and convicted of tribunal courts, totaly)C.2.2 Anklagen vor Strafgerichte nach Deliktarten (Prosecutions at the tribunal court by types of offences) D. Deutsches Reich (German Empire) D.1 Abgeurteilte Personen und verurteilte Personen nach Geschlecht, Jugendliche und Vorbestrafte (1882-1927) (Persons judged and convicted persons by sex)D.2 Verurteilte Personen nach Deliktgruppen (1882-1927) (Convicted Persons by types of offences)D.3 Kriminalitätsziffern der verurteilten Personen - auf 100.000 der strafm. Bevölkerung (1882-1927) (Crime rate of convicted Persons – per 100.000 of population of the age of criminal responsibility)D.4 Kriminalitätsziffern der verurteilten Personen nach Deliktgruppe - auf 100.000 der strafm. Bevölkerung (1882-1927) (Crime Rate of convicted Persons by type of offence – per 100.000 of population of the age of criminal responsibility)D.5 Die Strafmündige Bevölkerung des Deutschen Reiches (1882-1928) (Population of the German Empire of the a...

Keywords; Search terms: historical time series; historical statistics; histat / HISTAT . Abstract: Analysis of the development of property crime in the German ´Reich´. The historical research of delinquency has a deficiency in processed data showing the long-term tendency of criminal- and penalty-development on different regional and economic aggregation levels. The “Working paper of criminal statistics I” is a compilation of statistical information on the development of the total delinquency as well as on special offenses – in particular on property crime. Furthermore, the working paper contains information about sanctions. The data, documented as time series, are arranged in systematic aspects for Germany from 1882 to 1973. Topics: Subcategorisation of the Study (Tables in the ZA-Database HISTAT): - Thievery and defalcation by sex and age groups (1882-1936) - Thievery and defalcation by occupation group and sector, condemned Persons (1882-1936) - Population at the age of criminal responsibility, statistical number of condemned and absolute number of condemned persons (1882-1913) - Penalties: total condemned persons, simple theft and aggravated theft (Index 1913=100) - Penalties: total condemned persons, simple theft and aggravated theft, absolute number of persons (1882-1936). Stichworte: historische Zeitreihen; historische Statistik; histat / HISTAT . Inhalt: In der historischen Kriminalitätsforschung besteht ein Defizit an aufgearbeiteten und aufbereiteten Daten, die die langfristigen Tendenzen der Kriminalitäts- und Sanktionsentwicklung auf unterschiedlichen regionalen wie gesamtgesellschaftlichen Aggregationsniveaus beschreiben. Mit den hiermit vorgelegten „Kriminalstatistischen Arbeitsmaterialien I“ werden die zahlreichen verstreuten statistischen Daten zur Entwicklung der Gesamtkriminalität sowie zu einzelnen Delikten - insbesondere zur Vermögenskriminalität - einerseits und zur Entwicklung der Sanktionen andererseits unter systematischen Gesichtspunkten zusammengestellt und die langfristigen Trends für Deutschland in den Jahren 1882 - 1973 als Zeitreihen dokumentiert. Die Dokumentation sogenannter „historischer Längsschnitte“ soll als Ausgangspunkt für die Deskription und Analyse wesentlicher Entwicklungstrends der Kriminalität und der Sanktionen dienen. Untergliederung der Studie (Tabellenverzeichnis Downloadsystem HISTAT): - Diebstahl und Unterschlagung: nach Geschlecht und Altersgruppen, Personen absolut (1882-1936) - Diebstahl und Unterschlagung: nach Berufsgruppen, Branchen, verurteilte Personen absolut (1882-1936) - Strafmündige Bevölkerung, Verurteiltenziffer und verurteilte Personen (1882-1913) - Strafen: verurteilte Personen insgesamt, einfacher oder schwerer Diebstahl (Index 1913=100) - Strafen: verurteilte Personen insgesamt, einfacher oder schwerer Diebstahl, Personen absolut (1882-1936) Der Datensatz enthält Zeitreihen für das Deutsche Reich zu den Eigentumsdelikten, die nach Geschlecht, Berufgruppe, Branchenzugehörigkeit aufgegliedert sind. - Personen, die wegen einfachen Diebstahls verurteilt worden sind - Personen, die wegen einfachen Diebstahls im Rückfall verurteilt worden sind - Personen, die wegen schweren Diebstahls verurteilt worden sind - Personen, die wegen schweren Diebstahls im Rückfall verurteilt worden sind - Personen, die wegen Unterschlagung verurteilt worden sind - Personen, die wegen einfachen Diebstahls bereits vorbestraft waren - Personen, die wegen schweren Diebstahls bereits vorbestraft waren - Vorbestrafte Personen, die wegen Unterschlagung im Rückfall verurteilt sind - Strafmündige Bevölkerung (ohne Militärpersonen; Altersklasse 12 bis unter 18) - Ziffer auf 100.000 Einwohner der strafmündigen Zivilbevölkerung (Verurteiltenziffer) Index-Reihen (1913 = 100) - Personen, die wegen verschiedener Delikte gegen die Person verurteilt worden sind (Index: 1913 = 100; Verurteiltenziffer auf 1000.000 der strafmündigen Bevölkerung) - Personen, die wegen leichter Körperverletzung verurteilt worden sind (Index: 1913 = 100; Verurteiltenziffer auf 1000.000 der strafmündigen Bevölkerung) - Personen, die auf eine zeitige Zuchthausstrafe erkannt worden ist (Index: 1913 = 100) - Personen, gegen die auf Gefängnisstrafen erkannt worden ist (Index: 1913 = 100) - Personen, gegen die auf eine Gefängnisstrafe von 1 Jahr und mehr erkannt worden ist (Index: 1913 = 100) - Personen, gegen die auf eine Gefängnisstrafe von 3 Monaten bis unter 1 Jahr erkannt worden ist (Index: 1913 = 100) - Personen, die wegen verschiedener Delikte gegen das Vermögen von einem Gericht verurteilt worden sind (Index: 1913 = 100; Verurteiltenziffer auf 1000.000 der strafmündigen Bevölkerung) - Personen, gegen die auf eine Geldstrafe erkannt worden ist (Index: 1913 = 100) - Wegen einfachen Diebstahls verurteilte Personen, gegen die auf eine zeitige Zuchthausstrafe erkannt worden ist (Index: 1913 = 100) - Wegen einfachen Diebstahls verurteilte Personen, gegen die auf eine Gefängnisstrafe erkannt worden ist (Index: 1913 = 100) - Wegen einfachen Diebstahls verurteilte Personen, gegen die auf eine Gefängnisstrafe von 1 Jahr und mehr erkannt worden ist (Index: 1913 = 100) - Wegen einfachen Diebstahls verurteilte Personen, gegen die auf eine Gefängnisstrafe von 3 Monaten bis unter 1 Jahr erkannt worden ist (Index: 1913 = 100) - Wegen einfachen Diebstahls verurteilte Personen, gegen die auf eine Gefängnisstrafe von weniger als 3 Monaten erkannt worden ist (Index: 1913 = 100) - Wegen schwerem Diebstahls verurteilte Personen, gegen die auf eine Gefängnis-strafe erkannt worden ist (Index: 1913 = 100) - Wegen schwerem Diebstahls verurteilte Personen, gegen die auf eine Gefängnisstrafe von 1 Jahr und mehr erkannt worden ist (Index: 1913 = 100) - Wegen schwerem Diebstahls verurteilte Personen, gegen die auf eine Gefängnisstrafe von 3 Monaten bis unter 1 Jahr erkannt worden ist (Index: 1913 = 100) - Wegen schwerem Diebstahls verurteilte Personen, gegen die auf eine Gefängnisstrafe von weniger als 3 Monaten erkannt worden ist (Index: 1913 = 100) Gliederungsmerkmale (einzeln und kombiniert): a) Geschlecht b) Altersgruppen unter 15, 18-20, 21-25, 25-30, 30-40, 40-50, 50-60, 60-70, 70 und älter c) Berufsgruppen - Selbständige und Geschäftsführer - Gehilfen, Arbeiter und Tagelöhner - Arbeiter, Tagelöhner ohne bestehende Erwerbstätigkeit - Erwerbstätige Dienstboten für häusliche Zwecke - Erwerbstätige freier Berufe (öffentlich und Hofdienst) - Angehörige von sogenannten freien Berufen (öffentlich und Hofdienst) - Selbständige ohne Beruf und Berufsangabe - Angehörige ohne Beruf und Berufsangabe d) Branchen - Land- und Forstwirtschaft - Industrie, Bergbau und Bauwesen - Handel und Verkehr

Description: Subject of the study:The age structure is of primary importance for the evaluation of the potential of a population in the areas of labor, economic development, consumption and also indicates needs concerning special facilities in the areas of education and the healthcare sector. Further the total population can be seen as a benchmark for the calculation of indices. The present data from the Federal Office of Statistics sorted by age and sex for the territory of Germany is summarized in age groups of criminal responsibility. The population of Germany is measured regarding the respective frontiers – until 1989 the territory of the former Federal Republic and from 1990 on the German territory after the reunification from the third of October in 1990. The status of the indicated numbers of population is as of December 31 of each the year.The data comes from the censuses and from current population estimations. The entries on population therefore contain German and Foreign population together. With the help of the entries on non-German population altogether from the censuses and the entries on the age structure of the foreign population, taken from the data of the Central Register for Foreign Nationals, the portion of the criminal responsible non-German population will be calculated, so it can be compared to the German criminal responsible population. Criminal responsibility means reaching an age at which the legislators think a person is capable of overviewing the consequences of his or her actions and therefore takes over the responsibility for these actions. In the German Empire, the beginning of the criminal responsibility was with 12 years in 1871. 1923 a juvenile court law was enacted in which the age for criminal responsibility was increased to 14 years. With the “first act for the protection of adolescent dangerous criminals” in 1939 adolescents were treated as adults in front of the law only from the age of 16 on. Then after the “Reichsjugendgesetz” (Reich´s juvenile act) in 1943 the complete legal culpability and criminal responsibility started again with 12 years.The new version of the Juvenile Courts Act from October 1953 rose the age of criminal responsibility again to 14 years and this is nowadays still valid. In the jurisdiction of the Federal Republic of Germany criminal responsibility develops with increasing age in three steps.The German panel code establishes criminal responsibility at the age of 14 years. Until the age of 14 years there is no criminal responsibility at all. The term for this used in the law is lack of culpability of the child (Schuldunfähigkeit des Kindes) (vgl. Wikipedia: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strafmündigkeit).Adolescents (Persons who are between 14 and 17 years old) are individually criminal responsible, if committing the crime they are mature enough to realize the injustice of the crime and to act according to that realization. For those cases a special juvenile criminal law is used. At the age of 18 the full criminal responsibility starts, but for adolescents and young adults (in the age of 18 – 21 years) the juvenile criminal law can still be applied, if at the time the crime is committed the young adult is still in a moral and mental state of development that compares to an adolescent or when the crime can be seen as a youth misconduct. From the age of 21 years on the adults criminal law is applied. Subject-matter series 10, series 3 of the statistics on criminal prosecution of the Federal Statistical Office report from the year 1978 the composition of the criminal responsible German population for the first of January of the corresponding year, structured by sex and age group. For Germany in the frontiers after the third October of 1990 data on the criminal responsible population in the subject-matter series 10, series 3, is available only from 2007. The data of the present study refers to the population level in the end of the year (as at 31.12 and is gathered by the population census and calculated by the current population estimations. Tables 01 to 20 contain data on the German and the foreign population altogether. Table 21 reports on the foreign population after the results of the censuses and the current population estimation. In table 22 the foreign population at the age from 0 to 15 years was estimated, using the aged grouped data of the Central Register of Foreign Nationals and the results from table 21. These are the categories used: Not criminal responsible population:- Children under the age of 8 years- Children from 8 to less than 14 years Criminal responsible population:Adolescents:- Adolescents, from14 to less than 16 years- Adolescents, from16 to less than 18 years- Adolescents, from14 to less than 18 years Criminal responsible population:Young adults:- Young adults: (from 18 to fewer than 21 years) Criminal responsible population:-Young adults and adults (from 18 years on) Criminal responsible population:Adults:- Adul...

The research project is a subproject of the research association “Strengthening of integration potentials within a modern society” (Scientific head: Prof. Dr. Wilhelm Heitmeyer, Bielefeld) which contains 17 subprojects and is supported by the ministry of education and research.
In almost all the economically highly developed countries violent crime increased significantly in the second part of the last century - in contrast to the long term trend of decline of individual (non-governmental) violence since the beginning of modern times. The authors develop an explanatory approach for these facts which is inspired mainly by Norbert Elias´s civilization theory and Emil Durkheim´s theory on society. Detailed time series on the development of different forms of violent crime are presented and set in relation with certain aspects of economic and social structural changes in three countries and also refer to the changes in integration of modern societies. The analysis deals especially with effectivity and legitimacy of the governmental monopoly of violence, the public beneficial security and power system, forms of building social capital, economic and social inequality, precarity of employment, different aspects of increasing economization of society, changes in family structures and usage of mass media and modern communication technologies.

Register of tables in HISTAT:

A: Crime statistics

A.01 Frequency of types of crimes in different countries (1953-2000) A.02 Suspects by crimes of 100.000 inhabitants of Germany, England and Sweden (1955-1998) A.03 Murders, manslaughter and intentional injuries by other persons by sex of 100.000 persons after the statistics of causes of death (1953-2000) A.04 Clearance rate by types of crimes in Germany, England and Sweden (1953-1997) A.05 Prisoners of 100.000 inhabitants of Germany, Great Britain and Sweden (1950-2000)

B: Key indicators for economic development in Germany, Great Britain, Sweden and the USA

B1: Data on the overall economic framework

B1.01 Percent changes in the real GDP per capita in purchasing power parities (1956-1987) B1.02 Percent changes in GDP per capita in prices from 2000 (1955-1998) B1.03 GDP of Germany, Sweden and the United Kingdom in purchasing power parities in percent og the US GDP (1950-1992) B1.04 Labor productivity index for different countries, base: USA 1996 = 100 (1950-1999) B1.05 GDP per hour of labor in different countries in EKS-$ from 1999 (1950-2003) B1.06 Foreign trade - exports and imports in percent of the GDP of different countries (1949-2003) B1.07 GDP, wages and Unit-Labor-Cost in different countries (1960-2003)

B2: Unemployment

B2.01 Standardized unemployment rate in different countries with regard to the entire working population (1960-2003) B2.02 Share of long-term unemployed of the total number of unemployed in different countries in percent (1992-2004) B2.03 Youth unemployment in different countries in percent (1970-2004) B2.04 Unemployment rate in percent by sex in different countries (1963-2000)

B3: Employment

B3.01 Employment rate in percent in different countries (1960-2000) B3.02 Share of fixed-term employees and persons in dependent employment in percent in different countries (1983-2004) B3.03 Share of part-time employees by sex compared to the entire working population in different countries (1973-2000) B3.04 Share of un-voluntarily part-time employees by sex in different countries (1983-2003) B3.05 Share of contract workers in different countries in percent of the entire working population (1975-2002) B3.06 Share of self-employed persons in different countries in percent of the entire working population (1970-2004) B3.07 Shift worker rate in different countries in percent (1992-2005) B3.08 Yearly working hours per employee in different countries (1950-2004) B3.09 Employment by sectors in different countries (1950-2003) B3.10 Share of employees in public civil services in percent of the population between 15 and 64 years in different countries (1960-1999) B3.11 Female population, female employees and female workers in percent of the population between 16 and 64 years in different countries (1960-2000) B3.12 Employees, self-employed persons in percent of the entire working population in different countries (1960-2000)

B4: Taxes and duties

B4.01 Taxes and social security contributions in percent of the GDP (1965-2002) B4.02 Social expenditure in percent of the GDP (1965-2002) B4.03 Social expenditure in perc...

In 2024, there were ******* cases of cybercrime recorded by the police in Germany. This was over double the number of cases 10 years ago. There was a decrease in the number of cases between 2013 and 2015, but subsequently there was a sharp rise. Since 2022, numbers have been decreasing again.

In this study the data-collection of H.-G. Heiland about the development of offences against property and capital from 1953 to 1980 in the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) is joined with a survey of the main-indicators of delinquency-development, collected by the police delinquency-statistics (German abbreviation: PKS, Source: Bundeskriminalamt (Federal Office of Criminal Investigation)) from 1954 to 2003 as well as with the prosecution statistics (german abbreviation: StVStat, Source: Federal Statistical Office (Statistisches Bundesamt)) from 1954 to 2002. The time series on single offences within the field of property and capital related crime were completed by other important indicators related to crime in the Federal Republic of Germany

The following statistics of the police delinquency-statistics (PKS) has been included: - total number of all crimes registered by the police, - total number of crimes solved by the police, - ratio of solved crimes (defines the percentage of crimes solved by the police as compared to the registered cases), - criminal offences by selected delict-groups - total number of suspects registered by the police (the respective figures include children below the age of criminal responsibilty, which is 14 years), - number of suspects at the age of criminal responsibilty (from 14 years on), - number of abjudicated persons and convicts. - convicted persons by delict-groups

Topics:

Factual classification of the tables in HISTAT: A. Historical review

B. Basic table of residence population for the conversion of total numbers into figures related to suspects and convicts

C. Time series of the development of property and capital related crime from 1953 to 1980 (H.-G. Heiland) according to the police delinquency-statistics (PKS of the Federal Office of Criminal Investigation)

D. Prosecution according to the prosecution statistics (german abbreviation: StVStat)

E. Suspects according to the delinquency-statistics (german abbreviation: PKS): Selected Series up to 2003.

Description:

Subject of the study: The age structure is of primary importance for the evaluation of the potential of a population in the areas of labor, economic development, consumption and also indicates needs concerning special facilities in the areas of education and the healthcare sector. Further the total population can be seen as a benchmark for the calculation of indices.

The present data from the Federal Office of Statistics sorted by age and sex for the territory of Germany is summarized in age groups of criminal responsibility. The population of Germany is measured regarding the respective frontiers – until 1989 the territory of the former Federal Republic and from 1990 on the German territory after the reunification from the third of October in 1990. The status of the indicated numbers of population is as of December 31 of each the year. The data comes from the censuses and from current population estimations. The entries on population therefore contain German and Foreign population together. With the help of the entries on non-German population altogether from the censuses and the entries on the age structure of the foreign population, taken from the data of the Central Register for Foreign Nationals, the portion of the criminal responsible non-German population will be calculated, so it can be compared to the German criminal responsible population.

Criminal responsibility means reaching an age at which the legislators think a person is capable of overviewing the consequences of his or her actions and therefore takes over the responsibility for these actions.

In the German Empire, the beginning of the criminal responsibility was with 12 years in 1871. 1923 a juvenile court law was enacted in which the age for criminal responsibility was increased to 14 years. With the “first act for the protection of adolescent dangerous criminals” in 1939 adolescents were treated as adults in front of the law only from the age of 16 on. Then after the “Reichsjugendgesetz” (Reich´s juvenile act) in 1943 the complete legal culpability and criminal responsibility started again with 12 years. The new version of the Juvenile Courts Act from October 1953 rose the age of criminal responsibility again to 14 years and this is nowadays still valid.

In the jurisdiction of the Federal Republic of Germany criminal responsibility develops with increasing age in three steps. The German panel code establishes criminal responsibility at the age of 14 years. Until the age of 14 years there is no criminal responsibility at all. The term for this used in the law is lack of culpability of the child (Schuldunfähigkeit des Kindes) (vgl. Wikipedia: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strafmündigkeit). Adolescents (Persons who are between 14 and 17 years old) are individually criminal responsible, if committing the crime they are mature enough to realize the injustice of the crime and to act according to that realization. For those cases a special juvenile criminal law is used. At the age of 18 the full criminal responsibility starts, but for adolescents and young adults (in the age of 18 – 21 years) the juvenile criminal law can still be applied, if at the time the crime is committed the young adult is still in a moral and mental state of development that compares to an adolescent or when the crime can be seen as a youth misconduct. From the age of 21 years on the adults criminal law is applied.

Subject-matter series 10, series 3 of the statistics on criminal prosecution of the Federal Statistical Office report from the year 1978 the composition of the criminal responsible German population for the first of January of the corresponding year, structured by sex and age group.

For Germany in the frontiers after the third October of 1990 data on the criminal responsible population in the subject-matter series 10, series 3, is available only from 2007.

The data of the present study refers to the population level in the end of the year (as at 31.12 and is gathered by the population census and calculated by the current population estimations. Tables 01 to 20 contain data on the German and the foreign population altogether. Table 21 reports on the foreign population after the results of the censuses and the current population estimation. In table 22 the foreign population at the age from 0 to 15 years was estimated, using the aged grouped data of the Central Register of Foreign Nationals and the results from table 21.

These are the categ...

Data about delinquency in the German ‚Kaiserreich’ are made available by this study. The subjects of investigation are municipalities and administrative districts of the German ‘Reich’, taking into account the changes of the boarders. For all municipalities and administrative districts the crime rate according to the categories crime of violence, criminal assault, as well as simple and aggravated theft are collected.

Topics: Development of crime during the period of investigation from 1893 to 1897, 1898 to 1902, divided into total offenses, offenses of bodily harm, simple and aggravated theft, and into adult persons and adolescent. Furthermore, the effect of region and urbanity, the average of condemned per crime-group referring to 100.000 persons of the age of criminal responsibility, the police-force, efficiency of enquiry. Structural variables: size of area, population structure, area and population (1885, 1890, 1895, 1900), religion, ethnic mixture (1.12.1900), urbanisation, birth and death, causes of death, occupation-structure, unemployment (1895), size of agricultural farms, average daily wages of men and women in cities and in the countryside (1892, 1901), taxpayers (1899 to 1903), poor relief (1895, 1903), school system (1891).

Gliederung: I) Allgemeine Darstellung des Sozialindikatorensystems Ia) HintergrundII) Indikatoren zu dem Lebensbereich „Öffentliche Sicherheit u. Kriminalität“ I) Allgemeine Darstellung des Sozialindikatorensystem Die Zeitreihen des Deutschen Systems Sozialer Indikatoren (DISI) stellen ‚soziale Indikatoren‘ dar, anhand derer die gesellschaftliche Wohlfahrt und der gesellschaftliche Wandel gemessen werden soll. Grundlage für die Definition dieser Indikatoren ist ein Konzept der Lebensqualität, welches unterschiedliche gesellschaftliche Lebensbereiche umfasst. Jeder Lebensbereich lässt sich in mehrere Zielbereiche untergliedern. Für die einzelnen Zielbereiche sind wiederum Zieldimensionen definiert worden, für die jeweils ein Set sozialer Indikatoren (= Zeitreihen, statistische Maßzahlen) definiert wurde. Die Indikator-Zeitreihen des DISI vereinen objektive Lebensbedingungen (faktische Lebensumstände wie z.B. Arbeitsbedingungen, Einkommensentwicklung) und subjektives Wohlbefinden (Wahrnehmungen, Einschätzungen, Bewertungen) der Bevölkerung in der Bundesrepublik.Die Zeitreihen beginnen mit 1950 und enden im Jahr 2013, decken also die Entwicklung der Bundesrepublik von ihrer Gründung bis weit nach der Wiedervereinigung ab.Sie ermöglichen das Verständnis gesellschaftlicher Entwicklungen auf der Grundlage gesicherter und im Zeitverlauf vergleichbarer Daten.Sie vermitteln ein in die Tiefe strukturiertes Monitoring der gesellschaftlichen Entwicklung für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland.Sie stellen eine wichtige Ergänzung der Indikatoren der VGR dar.Die Indikatoren von DISI fügen sich ein in eine laufende Diskussion auf europäischer Ebene zur Messung von Wohlfahrt und Lebensqualität, aus der verschiedene Initiativen von Statistikämtern in Europa entstanden sind. Ia) Hintergrund: DISI ist das Ergebnis einer in den 70er Jahren entfachten Diskussion zur Messung der Wohlstandsentwicklung eines Landes. Hans-Jürgen Krupp und Wolfgang Zapf haben diese Diskussion angestoßen. Sie haben gemeinsam 1972 in einem Gutachten für den Sachverständigenrat darauf hingewiesen, daß das Bruttoinlandsprodukt im Besonderen sowie die Kenngrößen der Volkswirtschaftlichen Gesamtrechnung (VGR) im Allgemeinen für die Messung der gesellschaftlichen Wohlfahrt nicht ausreichen bzw. wichtige Aspekte außer Acht lassen. (siehe:Krupp, H.-J. und Zapf, W. (1977), Die Rolle alternativer Wohlstandsindikatoren bei der Begutachtung der gesamtwirtschaftlichen Entwicklung. Rat für Sozial- und Wirtschaftsdaten, Working Paper Nr. 171, Reprint des Gutachtens für den Sachverständigenrat vom September 1972: 2011) Sie entwarfen ein mehrdimensionales Konzept der Lebensqualität, in dem neben der VGR auch die individuellen Entwicklungsmöglichkeiten und die von Individuen wahrgenommenen Möglichkeiten der Bedürfnisbefriedigung in verschiedenen Lebensbereichen aufgenommen wird.Lebensqualität wird von den Autoren als „das von den Individuen wahrgenommene Ausmaß der Bedürfnisbefriedigung“ (1977, Reprint: 2011, S. 4) definiert. Damit wird das rein nationalökonomische Wachstums- und Wohlstandskonzept durch Kategorien der Soziologie und Politikwissenschaft ergänzt, in denen „Lebensqualität eine positive Zielvorstellung (darstellt), an der sich die Bemühungen ausrichten sollen, Leistungen und Defizite in den einzelnen Lebensbereichen sowie für unterschiedliche soziale Gruppen zu messen und zu bewerten“. (Krupp/Zapf, 1977, Reprint: 2011, S. 5) Damit werben die Autoren für eine umfassende Sozialberichterstattung, die das Erreichen von Wohlfahrtszielen in einer Gesellschaft mißt. Die Autoren erläutern das Konzept der Sozialen Indikatoren wie folgt: „Soziale Indikatoren sind Statistiken, die sich durch mehrere Eigenschaften von üblichen Statistiken unterscheiden. Sie sollen Leistungen messen, nicht Aufwendungen. Sie sollen sich vornehmlich auf die Wohlfahrt des Einzelnen und bestimmter sozialer Gruppen beziehen, nicht auf die Aktivitäten von Behörden; allerdings kann auf eine ganze Reihe von Aggregatgrößen nicht verzichtet werden.Sie sollen über Wandlungsprozesse informieren, d.h. in Form von Zeitreihen vorgelegt werden. Sie sollen in einem theoretischen Kontext stehen, d.h. über ihre kausale Beziehung zum ‚Indikatum‘ soll möglichst große Klarheit herrschen. (…)Soziale Indikatoren sind Statistiken, die häufig weit außerhalb der amtlichen Erhebungsprogramme liegen (…).“ (Krupp/ Zapf, 1977, S. 14) Das System Sozialer Indikatoren für Deutschland (DISI) stellt im Vergleich zu einer regierungsamtlichen Berichterstattung eine unabhängige Berichterstattung dar (vgl. Krupp/Zapf 1977, S. 7) und bezieht zusätzlich zu amtlichen Daten auch die Umfrageforschung mit ein. DISI wurde unter Heinz-Herbert Noll im früheren GESIS-ZUMA in Mannheim als Instrument für die gesellschaftliche Dauerbeobachtung konzipiert. Die erste Version von DISI wurde 1977 als Teil einer umfangreichen Sozialberichterstattung für West-Deutschland veröffentlicht (siehe: Zapf, W., Hrsg., 1977: Lebensbedingungen in der B...

In 2020, ***** cases of money laundering were recorded in Germany. This was a decrease compared to 2019. The data are based on police criminal statistics, which are compiled by the Federal Criminal Police Office (Bundeskriminalamt).