The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Germany contracted 0.20 percent in the fourth quarter of 2024 over the previous quarter. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - Germany GDP Growth Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

In 2023, Germany's real gross domestic product fell by around 0.26 percent compared to the previous year. Keeping it real Real gross domestic product is, by definition, a measure of the value of economic output adjusted for inflation. While nominal gross domestic product (GDP), often only referred to as gross domestic product, reflects the state of a country’s economy including everything produced by the inhabitants within the country, real GDP is a more precise measurement of economic growth since it takes price change into account. Germany’s race to the topGermany’s social market economy is one of the largest worldwide and continues to thrive. One of the strongest industries in Germany is car manufacturing: Several German vehicle manufacturers, like Daimler, Volkswagen, or BMW, are among the major global market players and have brought in billions of euros in revenue in the past years, fueling the economy for years to come.

In 2023, the German economy shrunk by 0.3 percent. This was due to persistently high inflation that was triggered by the start of the Russia-Ukraine war in 2022. For 2024 and 2025, the economy is predicted to begin growing again.

In 2018, Germany’s GDP peaked at around four billion U.S. dollars, the highest GDP the country has reported in decades. It is predicted to grow towards 5.57 billion by 2029. Germany has the fourth-largest GDP in the world, after the United States, China, and Japan. The national debt of Germany has steadily been falling since 2012 and is now about a quarter of the size of Japan’s and half that of the United States. Development of GDP per capita Gross domestic product per capita in Germany has been increasing since 2015 and experienced its last period of decline between the mid-nineties and early noughties. In 2001, GDP per capita was the lowest it had been since the early nineties, but more than doubled by the time of the financial crisis in 2008. GDP per capita fluctuated throughout the subsequent decade, before reaching around 48,000 U.S. dollars in 2018. Largest economic sectors The service sector generates the highest share of GDP in Germany at nearly 70 percent. Finance and telecommunications are a large part of the service sector, as well as tourism – including hospitality and accommodation. Roughly a quarter of GDP currently comes from the production industry, not including construction. Agriculture, fishing, and forestry make up less than one percent.

Graph and download economic data for Real Gross Domestic Product for Germany (CLVMNACSCAB1GQDE) from Q1 1991 to Q4 2024 about Germany, real, and GDP.

In the second quarter of 2024, Germany's gross domestic product (GDP) continued to increase compared to the previous quarter (seasonally and calendar adjusted), at 1,070 billion euros. During the first pandemic lockdown in the third quarter of 2020, the GDP was at around 857.04 billion euros. The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic led to a recession in 2020.

Key information about Germany Nominal GDP Growth

• Germany Nominal GDP Growth was reported at 2.271 % in Dec 2024.
• This records a decrease from the previous number of 2.436 % for Sep 2024.
• Germany Nominal GDP Growth data is updated quarterly, averaging 4.567 % from Mar 1961 to Dec 2024, with 256 observations.
• The data reached an all-time high of 24.978 % in Jun 1991 and a record low of -8.152 % in Jun 2020.
• Germany Nominal GDP Growth data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by CEIC Data.
• The data is categorized under World Trend Plus’s Global Economic Monitor – Table: Nominal GDP: Y-o-Y Growth: Quarterly: Seasonally Adjusted.

CEIC calculates quarterly Nominal GDP Growth from quarterly Nominal GDP. Statistisches Bundesamt provides Nominal GDP in EUR. Nominal GDP Growth prior to Q1 1992 is sourced from the International Monetary Fund.

Contains data from the World Bank's data portal. There is also a consolidated country dataset on HDX.

Economic growth is central to economic development. When national income grows, real people benefit. While there is no known formula for stimulating economic growth, data can help policy-makers better understand their countries' economic situations and guide any work toward improvement. Data here covers measures of economic growth, such as gross domestic product (GDP) and gross national income (GNI). It also includes indicators representing factors known to be relevant to economic growth, such as capital stock, employment, investment, savings, consumption, government spending, imports, and exports.

This data selection represents a thematic extract from the comprehensive study “The Growth of the German Economy since the mid-19th Century“ (“Das Wachstum der deutschen Wirtschaft seit der Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts”) from 1965 by Walter G. Hoffmann. The main objective of Hoffmann’s study is to work out statistical figures concerning the long-term development of the German national economy, as well as the individual fields of this subject area. In doing so, the time series shall enable the verification of various hypotheses concerning economic growth. This aim, however, can only be reached if such time series are based on comparable statistical, methodical, and content-related concepts, and if they are collected for a period with maximum length. Consequently, this data selection comprises more than 800 pages with 250 tables, featuring almost every time series between 1850 and 1960 that can be considered relevant for the economic development. Whenever necessary, these materials were completed by estimates. Moreover, the above-named analyses of long-term tendencies aim at creating a reference system for the numerous short-term changes occuring within most national economies in the course of a century. Here the special focus of Hoffman’s work lies on the visualisation of the gained materials as regards the raise, distribution, and use of the national income. The respective calculation is based on the two production factors of labour and capital and culminates in an overview of production. The calculation of the distribution, on the other hand, deals with the functional and individual, i.e. personal distribution of (earned and capital) income. In its turn, the calculation of use is divided into the sectors of private and public consumption, investment, and the national trade balance.

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Timeseries data available via the downloadsystem HISTAT

Data excerpt: Private and public Consumption (from the final expenditure compilation, the following factors have been taken into consideration):

(A) Total Consumption: - Consumption of vegetable foodstuffs - Consumption of foodstuffs obtained from livestock farming - Consumption of vegetable foodstuffs in prices of 1913 - Consumption of foodstuffs obtained from livestock farming and the total consumption of foodstuffs in prices of 1913 - Consumption of vegetable foodstuffs in current prices - Consumption of foodstuffs obtained from livestock farming and the total consumption of foodstuffs in current prices - Consumption of luxury foodstuffs - Consumption of luxury foodstuffs in prices of 1913 - Consumption of luxury foodstuffs in current prices - Consumption of ohter goods and services in prices of 1913 - Consumption of ohter goods and services in current prices

(B) Public Consumption: - Administration expenses in current prices - Public consumption in current prices - Public consumption in prices of 1913 - Public expenses for education in current prices

(C) Private Consumption - Private expenditures and private consumption for health care, personal hygiene and cleaning in prices of 1913 - Hispitals - Private expenditures and private consumption for health care, personal hygiene and cleaning in current prices - Onther consumption of education and recreation in prices of 1913 - Expenditures for education and recreation in current prices - Use of automobiles for private consumption - Purchase of automobiles for private consumption - Private consumption of traffic services in prices of 1913 - Private consumption of traffic services in current prices - Total private consumption in prices of 1913 - Total private consumption in current prices

This data selection represents a thematic extract from the comprehensive study “The Growth of the German Economy since the mid-19th Century“ (“Das Wachstum der deutschen Wirtschaft seit der Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts”) from 1965 by Walter G. Hoffmann. The main objective of Hoffmann’s study is to work out statistical figures concerning the long-term development of the German national economy, as well as the individual fields of this subject area. In doing so, the time series shall enable the verification of various hypotheses concerning economic growth. This aim, however, can only be reached if such time series are based on comparable statistical, methodical, and content-related concepts, and if they are collected for a period with maximum length. Consequently, this data selection comprises more than 800 pages with 250 tables, featuring almost every time series between 1850 and 1960 that can be considered relevant for the economic development. Whenever necessary, these materials were completed by estimates. Moreover, the above-named analyses of long-term tendencies aim at creating a reference system for the numerous short-term changes occuring within most national economies in the course of a century. Here the special focus of Hoffman’s work lies on the visualisation of the gained materials as regards the raise, distribution, and use of the national income. The respective calculation is based on the two production factors of labour and capital and culminates in an overview of production. The calculation of the distribution, on the other hand, deals with the functional and individual, i.e. personal distribution of (earned and capital) income. In its turn, the calculation of use is divided into the sectors of private and public consumption, investment, and the national trade balance.

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Timeseries data available via the downloadsystem HISTAT

Data excerpt: foreign trade, balance of payments (from final expenditure compilation, the following factors have been taken into consideration):

• Die Exporte in laufenden Preisen (1880-1960)
• Die Exporte an einzelnen Waren und Warengruppen in laufenden Preisen (1880-1960)
• Die Importe in laufenden Preisen (1880-1960)
• Die Importe an einzelnen Waren und Warengruppen in laufenden Preisen (1880-1960)
• Die Indizes der Exportvolumen (1836-1960)
• Die Indizes der Exportvolumen für einzeln Waren (1836-1960)
• Die Indizes der Importvolumen (1836-1960
• Die Indizes der Importvolumen für einzelne Waren (1836-1960)
• Die Zahlungsbilanz in laufenden Preisen (1880-1913)
• Die Zahlungsbilanz in laufenden Preisen (1925-1935)
• Die Leistungsbilanz in Preisen von 1913 (1880-1913)
• Die Zahlungsbilanz in Preisen von 1913 (1925-1935)

For 2023, the Association of German Chambers of Commerce and Industry forecasts a shrink in the gross domestic product of 0.5 percent compared to 2022. Due to rising commodity and energy prices triggered by the Russia-Ukraine war, business expectations for 2022 are subdued. High inflation rates negatively affect consumer sentiment and influence the business situation of German companies. Two years earlier, in 2020, the corona pandemic and the lockdown caused economic output to collapse massively.

Germany DE: GDP: Growth: Adjusted Net National Income data was reported at 2.071 % in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of -4.726 % for 2020. Germany DE: GDP: Growth: Adjusted Net National Income data is updated yearly, averaging 2.231 % from Dec 1971 (Median) to 2021, with 51 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5.558 % in 1990 and a record low of -4.726 % in 2020. Germany DE: GDP: Growth: Adjusted Net National Income data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.World Bank.WDI: Gross Domestic Product: Annual Growth Rate. Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion.;World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods in World Bank's 'The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium' (2011).;Weighted average;

This data selection represents a thematic extract from the comprehensive study “The Growth of the German Economy since the mid-19th Century“ (“Das Wachstum der deutschen Wirtschaft seit der Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts”) from 1965 by Walter G. Hoffmann.

The main objective of Hoffmann’s study is to work out statistical figures concerning the long-term development of the German national economy, as well as the individual fields of this subject area. In doing so, the time series shall enable the verification of various hypotheses concerning economic growth.

This aim, however, can only be reached if such time series are based on comparable statistical, methodical, and content-related concepts, and if they are collected for a period with maximum length. Consequently, this data selection comprises more than 800 pages with 250 tables, featuring almost every time series between 1850 and 1960 that can be considered relevant for the economic development. Whenever necessary, these materials were completed by estimates. Moreover, the above-named analyses of long-term tendencies aim at creating a reference system for the numerous short-term changes occuring within most national economies in the course of a century.

The special focus of Hoffman’s work lies on the visualisation of the gained materials as regards the raise, distribution, and use of the national income. The respective calculation is based on the two production factors of labour and capital and culminates in an overview of production. The calculation of the distribution, on the other hand, deals with the functional and individual, i.e. personal distribution of (earned and capital) income. In its turn, the calculation of use is divided into the sectors of private and public consumption, investment, and the national trade balance.

Topics

Timeseries Data available via the downloadsystem HISTAT

Date excerpt: The Production of Industry and Handcraft (from the calculation of the raised income, ´Aufbringungsrechnung´).

The following indices (1913 = 100) have been taken into consideration:

• Procuction of Nonmetallic Mineral Processing Industry (´Steine und Erden´);
• Metal Production;
• Production of metalworking industry;
• Production of chemicla industry;
• Production of textile industry;
• Production of leatherworking and clothing industry;
• Production of food and luxury foodstuff industry;
• Production of electric power stations and gasworks;
• Total production of industry and handcraft.

The study deals with the reconstruction of German secular economic trends associated with a data-compilation of historical time series concerning the economic development.

Index of tables in HISTAT (On-line Database ´Historical Statistics´):

• Population Development in Germany (1200-2002)
• Emigration from Germany (1820-2002)
• Live Birth and deceased per 1000 Inhabitants in Germany (1820-2000)
• Life expectancy of men and women in Germany (1871- 2001)
• Expansion rate of real GDP per capita of the population
• Real GDP per capita of population in Germany (1850-2002)
• Expansion rate of real GDP per capita of population in Germany (1851-2002)
• Hectare-output of wheat and rye in Germany (1850-2000)
• Gross-Value-Added of Primary Sector in comparison to the entire national economy (1850-2002)
• Percental share of Gross-Value-Added of Primary Sector in the entire Gross-Value-Added of national economy (1850 -2002)
• Price index of living costs and actual earnings in England (1264-1953)
• Employees in Germany (1800-2003)
• Average hours of work on a weekly basis in mining, industry and handcraft (1850-2002)
• Overall fulfilled hours of work in Germany (1850-2003)
• GDP per Capita, volume of work and average hours of work per week(1850-2002)
• Index of real wages in Germany (1810-2002)
• Unemployment rate in Germany (1887-2002)
• Percentage of employees in primary, secondary and tertiary sector of total employment (1800-2003)
• Capital stock in Germany (1850-2000)
• Netinvestment in Germany (1850-2002)
• Netinvestment rate in Germany (1850-2003)
• Index of capital intensity and of labour productivity (GDP per capita) in Germany (1850-2001)
• Return on capital in Germany (1850-1998)
• Capital ratio in Germany (1850-2000)
• Total Factorproductivity in Germany (1870-1999)
• Education rates in Germany and in USA (1870-1992)
• Number of grants in Germany (1812-2003) and in USA (1791-2000)

This data selection represents a thematic extract from the comprehensive study “The Growth of the German Economy since the mid-19th Century“ (“Das Wachstum der deutschen Wirtschaft seit der Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts”) from 1965 by Walter G. Hoffmann. The main objective of Hoffmann’s study is to work out statistical figures concerning the long-term development of the German national economy, as well as the individual fields of this subject area. In doing so, the time series shall enable the verification of various hypotheses concerning economic growth. This aim, however, can only be reached if such time series are based on comparable statistical, methodical, and content-related concepts, and if they are collected for a period with maximum length. Consequently, this data selection comprises more than 800 pages with 250 tables, featuring almost every time series between 1850 and 1960 that can be considered relevant for the economic development. Whenever necessary, these materials were completed by estimates. Moreover, the above-named analyses of long-term tendencies aim at creating a reference system for the numerous short-term changes occuring within most national economies in the course of a century. Here the special focus of Hoffman’s work lies on the visualisation of the gained materials as regards the raise, distribution, and use of the national income. The respective calculation is based on the two production factors of labour and capital and culminates in an overview of production. The calculation of the distribution, on the other hand, deals with the functional and individual, i.e. personal distribution of (earned and capital) income. In its turn, the calculation of use is divided into the sectors of private and public consumption, investment, and the national trade balance.

Topics

Timeseries date available via the downloadsystem HISTAT

Data excerpt: Production in Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (from the calculation of the raised income, the following factors have been taken into consideration: - the quantitative production of agriculture, – the production of agriculture in value terms, – the net production value and value creation of agriculture as calculated on the bases of price levels in the examined years, and of the prices of 1913.

Timeseries are downloadable via the online system HISTAT (www.histat.gesis.org).

Germany DE: GDP: Growth:(GDP) Gross Domestic Productper Capita data was reported at 0.354 % in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.642 % for 2022. Germany DE: GDP: Growth:(GDP) Gross Domestic Productper Capita data is updated yearly, averaging 1.958 % from Dec 1961 (Median) to 2023, with 63 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 6.570 % in 1969 and a record low of -5.306 % in 2009. Germany DE: GDP: Growth:(GDP) Gross Domestic Productper Capita data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.World Bank.WDI: Gross Domestic Product: Annual Growth Rate. Annual percentage growth rate of GDP per capita based on constant local currency. GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources.;World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.;Weighted average;

Germany DE: GDP: Growth: Gross Fixed Capital Formation data was reported at -1.205 % in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of -0.199 % for 2022. Germany DE: GDP: Growth: Gross Fixed Capital Formation data is updated yearly, averaging 2.080 % from Dec 1971 (Median) to 2023, with 53 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7.996 % in 1990 and a record low of -9.665 % in 2009. Germany DE: GDP: Growth: Gross Fixed Capital Formation data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.World Bank.WDI: Gross Domestic Product: Annual Growth Rate. Average annual growth of gross fixed capital formation based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2015 prices, expressed in U.S. dollars. Gross fixed capital formation (formerly gross domestic fixed investment) includes land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. According to the 2008 SNA, net acquisitions of valuables are also considered capital formation.;World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.;Weighted average;

Germany DE: GDP: Growth: Gross Value Added: Industry data was reported at -7.785 % in 2020. This records a decrease from the previous number of -2.553 % for 2019. Germany DE: GDP: Growth: Gross Value Added: Industry data is updated yearly, averaging 0.367 % from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2020, with 29 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 14.700 % in 2010 and a record low of -13.464 % in 2009. Germany DE: GDP: Growth: Gross Value Added: Industry data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.World Bank.WDI: Gross Domestic Product: Annual Growth Rate. Annual growth rate for industrial value added based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2010 U.S. dollars. Industry corresponds to ISIC divisions 10-45 and includes manufacturing (ISIC divisions 15-37). It comprises value added in mining, manufacturing (also reported as a separate subgroup), construction, electricity, water, and gas. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3.; ; World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.; Weighted average; Note: Data for OECD countries are based on ISIC, revision 4.

Germany DE: GDP: Growth: Final Consumption Expenditure data was reported at 1.709 % in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 2.560 % for 2016. Germany DE: GDP: Growth: Final Consumption Expenditure data is updated yearly, averaging 1.709 % from Dec 1971 (Median) to 2017, with 47 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5.691 % in 1971 and a record low of -1.022 % in 1982. Germany DE: GDP: Growth: Final Consumption Expenditure data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.World Bank.WDI: Gross Domestic Product: Annual Growth Rate. Average annual growth of final consumption expenditure based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2010 U.S. dollars. Final consumption expenditure (formerly total consumption) is the sum of household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) and general government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption). This estimate includes any statistical discrepancy in the use of resources relative to the supply of resources.; ; World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.; Weighted average;

This data selection represents a thematic extract from the comprehensive study “The Growth of the German Economy since the mid-19th Century“ (“Das Wachstum der deutschen Wirtschaft seit der Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts”) from 1965 by Walter G. Hoffmann. The main objective of Hoffmann’s study is to work out statistical figures concerning the long-term development of the German national economy, as well as the individual fields of this subject area. In doing so, the time series shall enable the verification of various hypotheses concerning economic growth. This aim, however, can only be reached if such time series are based on comparable statistical, methodical, and content-related concepts, and if they are collected for a period with maximum length. Consequently, this data selection comprises more than 800 pages with 250 tables, featuring almost every time series between 1850 and 1960 that can be considered relevant for the economic development. Whenever necessary, these materials were completed by estimates. Moreover, the above-named analyses of long-term tendencies aim at creating a reference system for the numerous short-term changes occuring within most national economies in the course of a century. Here the special focus of Hoffman’s work lies on the visualisation of the gained materials as regards the raise, distribution, and use of the national income. The respective calculation is based on the two production factors of labour and capital and culminates in an overview of production. The calculation of the distribution, on the other hand, deals with the functional and individual, i.e. personal distribution of (earned and capital) income. In its turn, the calculation of use is divided into the sectors of private and public consumption, investment, and the national trade balance.

Topics

Timeseries data available via the downloadsystem HISTAT

Data excerpt: grants of patents (calculation of raised income, the following factors have been taken into consideration):

• grants of patents (1877–1959)