Between 2005 and 2014, Germany saw a gradual reduction in its natural gas consumption, with levels falling to **** billion cubic meters. Over the following years, the country’s consumption experienced a mostly increasing trend, reaching *****billion cubic meters in 2024. In comparison, domestic production has been in annual decline since 2003. Demand is expected to increase in the future because of a move away from coal and nuclear power. These energy sources made up around ***percent of Germany’s energy mix in 2024. Dependence on energy imports Due to increased demand and falling production, Germany is heavily reliant on energy imports, with its dependency rate increasing to **** percent in 2018. In 2023, Germany's natural gas imports reached******billion cubic meters, by far the highest rate throughout Europe. Imports are expected to increase further as coal and nuclear power are phased out.

Key information about Germany Natural Gas: Consumption

• Germany Natural Gas: Consumption was reported at 7.321 Cub ft/Day bn in Dec 2023
• This records a decrease from the previous number of 7.503 Cub ft/Day bn for Dec 2022
• Germany Natural Gas: Consumption data is updated yearly, averaging 6.898 Cub ft/Day bn from Dec 1965 to 2023, with 59 observations
• The data reached an all-time high of 8.902 Cub ft/Day bn in 2006 and a record low of 0.300 Cub ft/Day bn in 1965
• Germany Natural Gas: Consumption data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by BP PLC
• The data is categorized under World Trend Plus’s Association: Energy Sector – Table RB.BP.NS: Natural Gas: Consumption

Natural gas consumption in Germany is at a high level. Consumption of natural gas in the country gradually increased over the past forty years from 1980 to 2023 – to a level of **** billion cubic meters. This development reflects the partial substitution of fossil fuel by natural gas.

Natural gas consumption for the power generation sector in Germany amounted to an estimated ** billion cubic meters (bcm) in 2022, which represented the highest consumption of natural gas among other sectors. During the same year, the natural gas consumption for the residential, commercial, and industrial sectors amounted to an estimated total of **** bcm. High temperatures during 2022 played a critical role in the decrease in natural gas consumption, as temperatures were on average *** degrees Celsius more than the annual average of the previous four years.

Natural gas consumption of households: Germany, years, annual consumption classes

Germany: Natural gas consumption: The latest value from 2023 is 2.999 quadrillion Btu, a decline from 3.067 quadrillion Btu in 2022. In comparison, the world average is 0.788 quadrillion Btu, based on data from 189 countries. Historically, the average for Germany from 1991 to 2023 is 3.096 quadrillion Btu. The minimum value, 2.446 quadrillion Btu, was reached in 1992 while the maximum of 3.484 quadrillion Btu was recorded in 2019.

The consumption of natural gas in the European Union has fluctuated since 1998. It increased to a peak of ***** billion cubic meters in 2010, but by 2024 had fallen to around *** billion cubic meters. Natural gas consumption in the EU was only lower than oil consumption, despite the overall decrease. Production of natural gas in decline Although the consumption of natural gas is expected to increase across the region, production in the EU has fallen significantly over the past two decades. By 2023 had fallen by approximately ** percent. EU reliant on Russian exports With the production of natural gas in decline, the EU is expected to become more reliant on international imports. Overall, there was a six percent increase of imports in 2019 when compared to the previous year. Currently, the main exporter of gas to the EU is Russia, who in 2017 exported ** percent of all imports. Plans for a 746-mile gas pipeline from Russia to Germany in the Baltic Sea are set to go ahead. The Nord Stream 2 project has received critics from the US and EU over fears it will increase Europe’s reliance on gas imports from Russia.

Natural gas consumption of non-households: Germany, years, annual consumption classes

Germany Primary Energy Consumption data was reported at 3,169.550 TWh in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 3,413.000 TWh for 2022. Germany Primary Energy Consumption data is updated yearly, averaging 3,962.635 TWh from Dec 1965 (Median) to 2023, with 59 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4,382.909 TWh in 1979 and a record low of 2,969.293 TWh in 1965. Germany Primary Energy Consumption data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Our World in Data. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.OWID.ESG: Environmental: CO2 and Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Annual.

Germany: Liquefied petroleum gas consumption, thousand barrels per day: The latest value from 2023 is 94.79 thousand barrels per day, a decline from 105.23 thousand barrels per day in 2022. In comparison, the world average is 57.49 thousand barrels per day, based on data from 190 countries. Historically, the average for Germany from 1991 to 2023 is 99.36 thousand barrels per day. The minimum value, 83.45 thousand barrels per day, was reached in 2002 while the maximum of 126.45 thousand barrels per day was recorded in 2017.

Natural gas prices for households: Germany, Half-yearly consumption classes, Price types

Germany Total Energy Consumption: Natural Gas data was reported at 2.999 BTU qn in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 3.067 BTU qn for 2022. Germany Total Energy Consumption: Natural Gas data is updated yearly, averaging 3.107 BTU qn from Dec 1991 (Median) to 2023, with 33 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.484 BTU qn in 2019 and a record low of 2.446 BTU qn in 1992. Germany Total Energy Consumption: Natural Gas data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by U.S. Energy Information Administration. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.EIA.IES: Energy Production and Consumption: Annual.

The gas supply industry is one of the infrastructure sectors in Germany and comprises the production and distribution of gas to end consumers. In Germany, private households primarily use gas for heating and cooking, while in industrial production it is used to generate process heat and electricity and as a raw material in the chemical industry. Accordingly, industry turnover is closely linked to the number of private households, their gas consumption and the production volume.Since only negligible quantities of natural gas are now being produced in Germany due to declining natural gas reserves and increasingly difficult extraction conditions, industry players are heavily dependent on foreign gas suppliers. Due to the high dependency on imports, gas suppliers only have limited negotiating power despite long-term supply contracts. They are also heavily dependent on trading prices for crude oil and natural gas due to their high dependence on imports. If global market prices rise and import prices rise accordingly, the gas suppliers pass this on to the end consumer due to the limited scope for price increases and negotiations. Nevertheless, the profit margin of gas supply companies has fallen since 2020 and was even negative in 2022 due to the low gas supplies from Russia as a result of the outbreak of war in Ukraine. The significant increase in the price of gas in 2022 led to significant revenue growth, with industry revenue increasing by an average of 14.5% per year between 2020 and 2025. As the global market for natural gas eased, industry turnover has been declining again since 2023 and is expected to fall by 3.1% to €115.5 billion in the current year as well.The easing of trading prices for natural gas is likely to continue in the coming years and, together with falling gas consumption, cause a decline in industry turnover by an average of 1.7% per year to 105.9 billion euros in 2030. The decline in turnover will be accelerated, among other things, by the fact that natural gas is to be replaced as a fuel and heating source by renewable, more environmentally friendly energy sources in the long term. This would reduce the demand from private and industrial consumers for the supply of natural gas via pipeline networks and put pressure on the turnover of gas suppliers. Gas suppliers are already working intensively on constructing new pipelines for the transport of gases such as hydrogen or converting existing gas networks. However, it will be several years before the pipeline network can be utilised on a large scale.

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Germany: Gasoline consumption, thousand barrels per day: The latest value from 2023 is 473.15 thousand barrels per day, an increase from 466.93 thousand barrels per day in 2022. In comparison, the world average is 139.36 thousand barrels per day, based on data from 190 countries. Historically, the average for Germany from 1991 to 2023 is 554.47 thousand barrels per day. The minimum value, 421.07 thousand barrels per day, was reached in 2016 while the maximum of 729.9 thousand barrels per day was recorded in 1993.

The Gas Utilities industry in Europe has been anything but steady recently. The Russia-Ukraine war has rocked the whole supply chain, with Russia tightening its gas supply, Europe hustling to cut its reliance on Russian gas and gas prices shooting up following the initial invasion. Amid unprecedented price increases and threats to the supply of gas into Europe, European governments have been forced to step in to support customers and protect energy supplies. All that aside, the industry remains threatened by a long-term decline in gas consumption and accelerating efforts to transition to renewable sources of energy. Revenue is forecast to drop at a compound annual rate of 1.7% over the five years through 2024, reaching €390.5 billion. This growth is almost solely attributable to a spike in revenue recorded during 2022, which followed a recovery from pandemic-induced lows during 2021 when prices and demand recovered as global economic activity rebounded. Russia’s invasion of Ukraine kicked off a period of significant disruption in energy markets, with a surge in gas prices leading to record revenue and profitability for gas manufacturers while causing substantial losses for gas suppliers. Wholesale prices have eased from record highs as European governments have reduced reliance on Russian gas. At the same time, a drop in demand for gas has also contributed to a revenue contraction since the height of the energy crisis. Revenue is set to decline by 5.4% in 2024. Revenue is forecast to increase at a compound annual rate of 1% to €410.7 billion over the five years through 2029. European markets are set to pursue a green revolution in the coming years, with investment in renewable energy sources gathering pace as European governments strive towards emissions reduction targets. Investment in green alternatives to natural gas is likely to lead to a fall in demand, with plans set out by the European Commission to at least triple solar thermal capacity by 2030, displacing the consumption of nine billion cubic metres of gas annually. Gas prices are forecast to continue to rise until 2025, as Europe diversifies its gas supplies, before falling rapidly as renewable generation capacity rises.

Germany Total Energy Production: Natural Gas data was reported at 0.139 BTU qn in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.154 BTU qn for 2022. Germany Total Energy Production: Natural Gas data is updated yearly, averaging 0.597 BTU qn from Dec 1991 (Median) to 2023, with 33 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.737 BTU qn in 1999 and a record low of 0.139 BTU qn in 2023. Germany Total Energy Production: Natural Gas data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by U.S. Energy Information Administration. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.EIA.IES: Energy Production and Consumption: Annual.

Natural gas prices for non-households: Germany, Half-yearly consumption classes, Price types

German industrial consumers have seen a reduction in the price of natural gas since 2010. Prices fell from 3.82 cents per kilowatt hour (kWh) in 2010, to 3.19 euro cents per kilowatt hour in 2021, for users with an annual consumption greater than 10,000 gigajoules (GJ) and lower than 100,000 GJ.Natural gas in GermanyNatural gas plays a significant role in the German energy mix. As of 2019, the country generated 14.9 percent of their energy using natural gas as the primary fuel source. In that same year, a total of 90.5 terawatt hours of electricity was generated using natural gas.However, domestic natural gas production has been reduced considerably in Germany over the past decade. In 2008, Germany's natural gas production stood at 13.6 billion cubic meters, a volume that would eventually sink to 5.3 billion cubic meters by 2019. Natural gas price for householdsHowever, while prices for the industry have been declining, German households have continuously had to dig deeper into their pockets in oder to pay their gas bill. Residential gas prices in Europe were around double the price for industrial clients. German households with an annual consumption below 200 GJ paid 6.1 euro cents per kilowatt hour. Dutch households paid the most.

The European gas market, valued at approximately €[Estimate based on available market size XX and currency conversion; for example: 100 Billion in 2025], is projected to experience robust growth with a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) exceeding 2.50% from 2025 to 2033. This growth is fueled by several key factors. Increasing industrialization across major European economies like Germany, the UK, and France consistently drives demand for natural gas in manufacturing and power generation. Furthermore, the ongoing transition towards cleaner energy sources presents both challenges and opportunities. While renewable energy adoption is increasing, natural gas remains a crucial bridging fuel, providing reliable baseload power and supporting the intermittent nature of renewables like solar and wind. This role is likely to persist throughout the forecast period, albeit with a gradually decreasing share as renewable capacity expands. However, geopolitical instability and supply chain disruptions remain significant constraints, impacting price volatility and potentially hindering market expansion. The market segmentation reveals a strong presence across various sectors – utilities, industrial, and commercial applications – each exhibiting distinct growth trajectories based on their individual energy needs and regulatory frameworks. Competition among major players, including Chevron Corporation, BP PLC, and TotalEnergies SE, is intense, and future market share will depend heavily on strategic investments in infrastructure, exploration, and diversification of supply sources. The segment-wise analysis reveals a dynamic market landscape. The utilities sector, the largest consumer, will continue to rely heavily on natural gas for electricity generation, though its relative share may decrease due to renewable energy integration. The industrial sector, with its diverse energy needs, shows considerable growth potential, especially in nations with robust manufacturing bases. The commercial sector, although smaller in comparison, is experiencing steady growth driven by increased energy consumption in buildings and businesses. Regional variations are also expected, with countries like Germany and the UK maintaining significant market shares due to their energy consumption patterns and established gas infrastructure. However, southern European nations are also poised for growth, particularly those aiming to reduce reliance on other energy sources. The overall market outlook for the European gas industry is positive, suggesting continued growth despite challenges related to geopolitical factors and the energy transition. Strategic partnerships, technological innovations, and prudent regulatory policies will be crucial for navigating the complexities of this dynamic market and achieving sustainable growth. Recent developments include: September 2022: Russia's Gazprom announced shipping 42.4 million cubic meters (mcm) of natural gas to Europe via Ukraine. The shift was part of a push by Russia to reduce its reliance on the US dollar., September 2022: The Baltic Pipe was inaugurated at Goleniów, Poland, marking the completion of the Baltic Pipe construction. The pipeline connects various countries, viz., Norway, Denmark, Poland, and neighboring countries. With this project, countries can now import up to 10 billion cubic meters (bcm) of gas annually from Norway to Poland and transport up to three bcm of gas from Poland to Denmark.. Notable trends are: Utility Sector (i.e., Power Generation) Sector Expected to Dominate the Market.