Between 2005 and 2014, Germany saw a gradual reduction in its natural gas consumption, with levels falling to 73.9 billion cubic meters. Over the following years, the country’s consumption experienced a mostly increasing trend, reaching 75.7 billion cubic meters in 2023. In comparison, domestic production has been in annual decline since 2003. Demand is expected to increase in the future because of a move away from coal and nuclear power. These energy sources made up around 40 percent of Germany’s energy mix in 2021. Dependence on energy imports Due to increased demand and falling production, Germany is heavily reliant on energy imports, with its dependency rate increasing to 63.6 percent in 2018. In 2021, Germany imported 102 billion cubic meters of natural gas, by far the highest rate throughout Europe. Imports are expected to increase further as coal and nuclear power is phased out. Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline In 2018, Germany granted permission for the construction of a 746-mile gas pipeline expansion to the Nord Stream pipeline. It will connect Russia with Germany through the Baltic sea and will have a capacity of 55 billion cubic meters of natural gas a year. This plan has not been without controversies, however. There are fears it will increase German reliance on Russian energy. Ukraine, which the pipeline bypasses, filed a lawsuit against its construction, and 10 European countries officially stated that the project was not in the EU’s best interests. Nonetheless, as of July 2021, U.S. and Germany's representatives agreed on the completion of Nord Stream 2.

Natural gas consumption in Germany is at a high level. Consumption of natural gas in the country gradually increased over the past forty years from 1980 to 2023 – to a level of 75.7 billion cubic meters. This development reflects the partial substitution of fossil fuel by natural gas.

Forecast: Gas Consumption in Germany 2022 - 2026 Discover more data with ReportLinker!

In 2024, based on preliminary figures, primary energy consumption of natural gas in Germany amounted to around 2.71 exajoules. This was an increase compared to the year before, at 2.63 exajoules.

Natural gas consumption for the power generation sector in Germany amounted to an estimated 45 billion cubic meters (bcm) in 2022, which represented the highest consumption of natural gas among other sectors. During the same year, the natural gas consumption for the residential, commercial, and industrial sectors amounted to an estimated total of 33.5 bcm. High temperatures during 2022 played a critical role in the decrease in natural gas consumption, as temperatures were on average 1.1 degrees Celsius more than the annual average of the previous four years.

Forecast: Commercial and Public Services Final Consumption of Natural Gas in Germany 2024 - 2028 Discover more data with ReportLinker!

Natural gas consumption of households: Germany, years, annual consumption classes

In January 2023, the natural gas consumption volume in Germany amounted to 9.3 billion cubic meters (bcm). That was a considerable decrease compared to the previous two Januaries, with a consumption volume of approximately 12.6 bcm in January 2021 and 11.15 bcm in January 2022.

Forecast: Industry Sector Final Consumption of Natural Gas in Germany 2024 - 2028 Discover more data with ReportLinker!

Network costs for natural gas consumption of households: Germany, years, type of network costs

Germany Total Energy Consumption: Natural Gas data was reported at 2.999 BTU qn in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 3.067 BTU qn for 2022. Germany Total Energy Consumption: Natural Gas data is updated yearly, averaging 3.107 BTU qn from Dec 1991 (Median) to 2023, with 33 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.484 BTU qn in 2019 and a record low of 2.446 BTU qn in 1992. Germany Total Energy Consumption: Natural Gas data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by U.S. Energy Information Administration. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.EIA.IES: Energy Production and Consumption: Annual.

Forecast: Share of Natural Gas in Households Final Consumption in Germany 2024 - 2028 Discover more data with ReportLinker!

Germany Total Energy Production: Natural Gas data was reported at 0.139 BTU qn in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.154 BTU qn for 2022. Germany Total Energy Production: Natural Gas data is updated yearly, averaging 0.597 BTU qn from Dec 1991 (Median) to 2023, with 33 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.737 BTU qn in 1999 and a record low of 0.139 BTU qn in 2023. Germany Total Energy Production: Natural Gas data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by U.S. Energy Information Administration. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.EIA.IES: Energy Production and Consumption: Annual.

Natural gas prices for households: Germany, Half-yearly consumption classes, Price types

The total German consumption of natural gas in 2020 amounted to 3470.39 Petajoules of gross calorific value. Most of gas in Germany was consumed by the industrial sector, where around 902.5 Petajoules of energy were used by the country's industry to fulfill their energy needs. Other segments, like households, agriculture, and commercial & public services consumed natural gas equal to 1485.77 Petajoules.

Germany DE: Electricity Production From Natural Gas Sources: % of Total data was reported at 9.832 % in 2015. This records a decrease from the previous number of 10.012 % for 2014. Germany DE: Electricity Production From Natural Gas Sources: % of Total data is updated yearly, averaging 8.952 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2015, with 56 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 16.933 % in 1975 and a record low of 0.070 % in 1960. Germany DE: Electricity Production From Natural Gas Sources: % of Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.World Bank.WDI: Environmental: Energy Production and Consumption. Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Gas refers to natural gas but excludes natural gas liquids.;IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics), subject to https://www.iea.org/terms/;Weighted average;Electricity production shares may not sum to 100 percent because other sources of generated electricity (such as geothermal, solar, and wind) are not shown. Restricted use: Please contact the International Energy Agency for third-party use of these data.

Deutschlands Erdgas: Verbrauch belief sich im 2023 auf 7.321 Cub ft/Day bn. Dies stellt einen Rückgang im Vergleich zu den vorherigen Zahlen von 7.503 Cub ft/Day bn für 2022 dar. Deutschlands Erdgas: Verbrauch werden jährlich aktualisiert, mit einem Durchschnitt von 6.898 Cub ft/Day bn von 1965 bis 2023, mit 59 Beobachtungen. Die Daten erreichten ein Allzeithoch in Höhe von 8.902 Cub ft/Day bn im 2006 und ein Rekordtief in Höhe von 0.300 Cub ft/Day bn im 1965. Deutschlands Erdgas: Verbrauch Daten behalten den Aktiv-Status in CEIC und werden von BP PLC gemeldet. Die Daten werden unter World Trend Pluss Association: Energy Sector – Table RB.BP.NS: Natural Gas: Consumption kategorisiert.

Forecast: Natural Gas Gross Inland Consumption in Germany 2024 - 2028 Discover more data with ReportLinker!

The study’s subject:
The present data compilation is on the development of energy economy with special focus on the production and supply of electricity since 1950 or 1960 until 2010.

H. Ott´s study of the public electricity supply in the German Empire (GESIS data file ZA8409) offers a detailed electricity statistics for the period 1890-1913. The period from 1925-1939 is finally completed by the study ZA8596 (histat data compilation online: electricity production and consumption of the German Empire, 1925 - 1939). The present study on electricity production and electricity consumption from 1950 to 2010 is a logical supplement to the statistical representation of the German electricity market.

The structure of the German electricity industry has grown historically. It can be divided into three sub-areas: the public electricity companies, industrial energy and power economy and - until 1990 - the electricity supply of the German Federal Railroad. The beginnings of the public electricity supply reach back to 1882, when the first generating unit or block complex for electricity production in Germany was built in Stuttgart. The public electricity supply in 1990 was more than four fifths of the entire electricity supply. The opening of the German electricity industry for the European internal market and the deregulation and liberalization of the European electricity and gas markets altered the structure of the German public electricity supply to more competition and pluralism. While on the supply side companies are unbundled and new provider enter the market, on the consumer side, new forms of organization demand emerging. Due to the changes in the market, the statistical coverage of the energy market has been revised in the Energy Statistics Act (EnStatG) in early 2003. The aim was a uniform survey concept for the different fuels. Important parts of the energy supply were also captured insufficiently by the existing energy statistics. Since the revised statistical coverage concept from 2003 now for example also power stations of cogeneration have been considered for the data collection. In terms of statistics for electricity supply (output, imports and exports), there were no significant changes in the statistical coverage (see.: Wirtschaft und Statistik, 1/2003: 35). The power consumption of different consumer groups, the self-consumption of power plants and power generation facilities as well as the pumped storage power stations describe the usage side of the generated electricity. Of particular importance for assessing the security of electricity supply is the bottleneck capacity on a reference date. This date is in accordance with international agreements the third Wednesday of each month. The efficiency of the electricity producers, the electricity demand and power consumption the used energy sources for electricity production and their effectiveness are important factors for the development of the electricity market in an economy. For this, long data rows for the territory of the former Federal Republic (= old countries) in 1950 and 1960 respectively to 1990 and from 1990 long series for Germany are collected in this data compilation. Data tables in histat (Topic: Energy): A. Electricity plants of public supply. (Elektrizitätswerke der öffentlichen Versorgung) B. Fuel consumption of power stations for electricity production (Brennstoffverbrauch aller Elektrizitätswerke zur Stromerzeugung) C. Performance and electricity production of power stations (Leistung und Stromerzeugung der Kraftwerke) D. Electricity consumption (Stromverbrauch bzw. –versorgung) E. Revenues from the supply of electricity (Erlöse aus der Stromabgabe) F. Investment of foreign trade (Investitionen und Außenhandel) G. Contextual information (reference values for indices and ratios):: (Kontextinformationen (Bezugszahlen für Kennziffern):) G.1 Population, households, housing stock and working population (Bevölkerung, Haushalte, Wohnungsbestand und Erwerbstätige) G.2 Production values, intermediate consumption, gross value added and gross domestic product (Produktionswerte, Vorleistungen, Bruttowertschöpfung und Bruttoinlandsprodukt.)

Natural gas prices for non-households: Germany, Half-yearly consumption classes, Price types