In 2024, the population in Germany, as of December 31 of that year, amounted to around 83.6 million people. This was an increase compared to the previous year.

In 2024, 40-59-year-olds made up the largest age group in Germany, at around 22.3 million people. The most recent figures confirm that the next-largest age group was 65 years and older, at roughly 19 million. Aging population With the number of people belonging to older age groups visibly outstripping younger ones, in recent years it has become clear that Germany’s population is aging. In fact, figures on age structure in Germany depict a constant trend of a slowly increasing population share aged over 65 since 2012. Meanwhile, the share of population members aged 0 to 14 years has been falling, which was also reflected in the fluctuating national birth rate in recent years. A look at the future Germany’s current total population is around 83.6 million. While this number is predicted to increase, the same goes for the age group of 65 years and older. This means that the national population will continue to age.

Germany population data as of December 2021 at municipality level - gender, age bands, gender crossed with age bands

About this dataset

Context

The dataset tabulates the data for the New Germany, MN population pyramid, which represents the New Germany population distribution across age and gender, using estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates. It lists the male and female population for each age group, along with the total population for those age groups. Higher numbers at the bottom of the table suggest population growth, whereas higher numbers at the top indicate declining birth rates. Furthermore, the dataset can be utilized to understand the youth dependency ratio, old-age dependency ratio, total dependency ratio, and potential support ratio.

Key observations

• Youth dependency ratio, which is the number of children aged 0-14 per 100 persons aged 15-64, for New Germany, MN, is 35.1.
• Old-age dependency ratio, which is the number of persons aged 65 or over per 100 persons aged 15-64, for New Germany, MN, is 11.6.
• Total dependency ratio for New Germany, MN is 46.7.
• Potential support ratio, which is the number of youth (working age population) per elderly, for New Germany, MN is 8.6.

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates.

Age groups:

• Under 5 years
• 5 to 9 years
• 10 to 14 years
• 15 to 19 years
• 20 to 24 years
• 25 to 29 years
• 30 to 34 years
• 35 to 39 years
• 40 to 44 years
• 45 to 49 years
• 50 to 54 years
• 55 to 59 years
• 60 to 64 years
• 65 to 69 years
• 70 to 74 years
• 75 to 79 years
• 80 to 84 years
• 85 years and over

Variables / Data Columns

• Age Group: This column displays the age group for the New Germany population analysis. Total expected values are 18 and are define above in the age groups section.
• Population (Male): The male population in the New Germany for the selected age group is shown in the following column.
• Population (Female): The female population in the New Germany for the selected age group is shown in the following column.
• Total Population: The total population of the New Germany for the selected age group is shown in the following column.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for New Germany Population by Age. You can refer the same here

In 1800, the region of Germany was not a single, unified nation, but a collection of decentralized, independent states, bound together as part of the Holy Roman Empire. This empire was dissolved, however, in 1806, during the Revolutionary and Napoleonic eras in Europe, and the German Confederation was established in 1815. Napoleonic reforms led to the abolition of serfdom, extension of voting rights to property-owners, and an overall increase in living standards. The population grew throughout the remainder of the century, as improvements in sanitation and medicine (namely, mandatory vaccination policies) saw child mortality rates fall in later decades. As Germany industrialized and the economy grew, so too did the argument for nationhood; calls for pan-Germanism (the unification of all German-speaking lands) grew more popular among the lower classes in the mid-1800s, especially following the revolutions of 1948-49. In contrast, industrialization and poor harvests also saw high unemployment in rural regions, which led to waves of mass migration, particularly to the U.S.. In 1886, the Austro-Prussian War united northern Germany under a new Confederation, while the remaining German states (excluding Austria and Switzerland) joined following the Franco-Prussian War in 1871; this established the German Empire, under the Prussian leadership of Emperor Wilhelm I and Chancellor Otto von Bismarck. 1871 to 1945 - Unification to the Second World War The first decades of unification saw Germany rise to become one of Europe's strongest and most advanced nations, and challenge other world powers on an international scale, establishing colonies in Africa and the Pacific. These endeavors were cut short, however, when the Austro-Hungarian heir apparent was assassinated in Sarajevo; Germany promised a "blank check" of support for Austria's retaliation, who subsequently declared war on Serbia and set the First World War in motion. Viewed as the strongest of the Central Powers, Germany mobilized over 11 million men throughout the war, and its army fought in all theaters. As the war progressed, both the military and civilian populations grew increasingly weakened due to malnutrition, as Germany's resources became stretched. By the war's end in 1918, Germany suffered over 2 million civilian and military deaths due to conflict, and several hundred thousand more during the accompanying influenza pandemic. Mass displacement and the restructuring of Europe's borders through the Treaty of Versailles saw the population drop by several million more.

Reparations and economic mismanagement also financially crippled Germany and led to bitter indignation among many Germans in the interwar period; something that was exploited by Adolf Hitler on his rise to power. Reckless printing of money caused hyperinflation in 1923, when the currency became so worthless that basic items were priced at trillions of Marks; the introduction of the Rentenmark then stabilized the economy before the Great Depression of 1929 sent it back into dramatic decline. When Hitler became Chancellor of Germany in 1933, the Nazi government disregarded the Treaty of Versailles' restrictions and Germany rose once more to become an emerging superpower. Hitler's desire for territorial expansion into eastern Europe and the creation of an ethnically-homogenous German empire then led to the invasion of Poland in 1939, which is considered the beginning of the Second World War in Europe. Again, almost every aspect of German life contributed to the war effort, and more than 13 million men were mobilized. After six years of war, and over seven million German deaths, the Axis powers were defeated and Germany was divided into four zones administered by France, the Soviet Union, the UK, and the U.S.. Mass displacement, shifting borders, and the relocation of peoples based on ethnicity also greatly affected the population during this time. 1945 to 2020 - Partition and Reunification In the late 1940s, cold war tensions led to two distinct states emerging in Germany; the Soviet-controlled east became the communist German Democratic Republic (DDR), and the three western zones merged to form the democratic Federal Republic of Germany. Additionally, Berlin was split in a similar fashion, although its location deep inside DDR territory created series of problems and opportunities for the those on either side. Life quickly changed depending on which side of the border one lived. Within a decade, rapid economic recovery saw West Germany become western Europe's strongest economy and a key international player. In the east, living standards were much lower, although unemployment was almost non-existent; internationally, East Germany was the strongest economy in the Eastern Bloc (after the USSR), though it eventually fell behind the West by the 1970s. The restriction of movement between the two states also led to labor shortages in t...

The total population of Germany was estimated at over 84.4 million inhabitants in 2025, although it is projected to drop in the coming years and fall below 80 million in 2043. Germany is the most populous country located entirely in Europe, and is third largest when Russia and Turkey are included. Germany's prosperous economy makes it a popular destination for immigrants of all backgrounds, which has kept its population above 80 million for several decades. Population growth and stability has depended on immigration In every year since 1972, Germany has had a higher death rate than its birth rate, meaning its population is in natural decline. However, Germany's population has rarely dropped below its 1972 figure of 78.6 million, and, in fact, peaked at 84.7 million in 2024, all due to its high net immigration rate. Over the past 75 years, the periods that saw the highest population growth rates were; the 1960s, due to the second wave of the post-WWII baby boom; the 1990s, due to post-reunification immigration; and since the 2010s, due to high arrivals of refugees from conflict zones in Afghanistan, Syria, and Ukraine. Does falling population = economic decline? Current projections predict that Germany's population will fall to almost 70 million by the next century. Germany's fertility rate currently sits around 1.5 births per woman, which is well below the repacement rate of 2.1 births per woman. Population aging and decline present a major challenge economies, as more resources must be invested in elderly care, while the workforce shrinks and there are fewer taxpayers contributing to social security. Countries such as Germany have introduced more generous child benefits and family friendly policies, although these are yet to prove effective in creating a cultural shift. Instead, labor shortages are being combatted via automation and immigration, however, both these solutions are met with resistance among large sections of the population and have become defining political issues of our time.

About this dataset

Context

The dataset tabulates the population of New Germany by gender, including both male and female populations. This dataset can be utilized to understand the population distribution of New Germany across both sexes and to determine which sex constitutes the majority.

Key observations

There is a majority of male population, with 53.01% of total population being male. Source: U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates.

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates.

Scope of gender :

Please note that American Community Survey asks a question about the respondents current sex, but not about gender, sexual orientation, or sex at birth. The question is intended to capture data for biological sex, not gender. Respondents are supposed to respond with the answer as either of Male or Female. Our research and this dataset mirrors the data reported as Male and Female for gender distribution analysis. No further analysis is done on the data reported from the Census Bureau.

Variables / Data Columns

• Gender: This column displays the Gender (Male / Female)
• Population: The population of the gender in the New Germany is shown in this column.
• % of Total Population: This column displays the percentage distribution of each gender as a proportion of New Germany total population. Please note that the sum of all percentages may not equal one due to rounding of values.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for New Germany Population by Race & Ethnicity. You can refer the same here

Comprehensive socio-economic dataset for Germany including population demographics, economic indicators, geographic data, and social statistics. This dataset covers key metrics such as GDP, population density, area, capital city, and regional classifications.

Germany FSO Projection: Population: Hessen data was reported at 5,786.000 Person th in 2060. This records a decrease from the previous number of 5,802.000 Person th for 2059. Germany FSO Projection: Population: Hessen data is updated yearly, averaging 6,113.000 Person th from Dec 2014 (Median) to 2060, with 47 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 6,204.000 Person th in 2023 and a record low of 5,786.000 Person th in 2060. Germany FSO Projection: Population: Hessen data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal Statistics Office Germany. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.G002: Population: Projection: Federal Statistics Office Germany.

Comprehensive demographic dataset for German, NY, US including population statistics, household income, housing units, education levels, employment data, and transportation with year-over-year changes.

As of 2022, the German population is predicted to have 15.8 million members aged 0 to 20 years and 44.7 million aged 20 to 60 years. Predictions for the next decades until 2070 show that figures for these age groups will decline.

The total population in Germany was estimated at 83.6 million people in 2024, according to the latest census figures and projections from Trading Economics. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - Germany Population - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Germany DE: Birth Rate: Crude: per 1000 People data was reported at 8.300 Ratio in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 8.800 Ratio for 2022. Germany DE: Birth Rate: Crude: per 1000 People data is updated yearly, averaging 9.950 Ratio from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2023, with 64 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 18.100 Ratio in 1963 and a record low of 8.100 Ratio in 2009. Germany DE: Birth Rate: Crude: per 1000 People data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Crude birth rate indicates the number of live births occurring during the year, per 1,000 population estimated at midyear. Subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate provides the rate of natural increase, which is equal to the rate of population change in the absence of migration.;(1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2024 Revision; (2) Statistical databases and publications from national statistical offices; (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics; (4) United Nations Statistics Division. Population and Vital Statistics Reprot (various years).;Weighted average;

The United Nations Energy Statistics Database (UNSTAT) is a comprehensive collection of international energy and demographic statistics prepared by the United Nations Statistics Division. The 2004 version represents the latest in the series of annual compilations which commenced under the title World Energy Supplies in Selected Years, 1929-1950. Supplementary series of monthly and quarterly data on production of energy may be found in the Monthly Bulletin of Statistics. The database contains comprehensive energy statistics for more than 215 countries or areas for production, trade and intermediate and final consumption (end-use) for primary and secondary conventional, non-conventional and new and renewable sources of energy. Mid-year population estimates are included to enable the computation of per capita data. Annual questionnaires sent to national statistical offices serve as the primary source of information. Supplementary data are also compiled from national, regional and international statistical publications. The Statistics Division prepares estimates where official data are incomplete or inconsistent. The database is updated on a continuous basis as new information and revisions are received. This metadata file represents the population statistics during the expressed time. For more information about the country site codes, click this link to the United Nations "Standard country or area codes for statistical use": https://unstats.un.org/unsd/methodology/m49/overview/

Read the associated blogpost for a detailed description of how this dataset was prepared; plus extra code for producing animated maps.

Context

The 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) continues to spread in countries around the world. This dataset provides daily updated number of reported cases & deaths in Germany on the federal state (Bundesland) and county (Landkreis/Stadtkreis) level. In April 2021 I added a dataset on vaccination progress. In addition, I provide geospatial shape files and general state-level population demographics to aid the analysis.

Content

The dataset consists of thre main csv files: covid_de.csv, demgraphics_de.csv, and covid_de_vaccines.csv. The geospatial shapes are included in the de_state.* files. See the column descriptions below for more detailed information.

• covid_de.csv: COVID-19 cases and deaths which will be updated daily. The original data are being collected by Germany's Robert Koch Institute and can be download through the National Platform for Geographic Data (the latter site also hosts an interactive dashboard). I reshaped and translated the data (using R tidyverse tools) to make it better accessible. This blogpost explains how I prepared the data, and describes how to produces animated maps.

• demographics_de.csv: General Demographic Data about Germany on the federal state level. Those have been downloaded from Germany's Federal Office for Statistics (Statistisches Bundesamt) through their Open Data platform GENESIS. The data reflect the (most recent available) estimates on 2018-12-31. You can find the corresponding table here.

• covid_de_vaccines.csv: In April 2021 I added this file that contains the Covid-19 vaccination progress for Germany as a whole. It details daily doses, broken down cumulatively by manufacturer, as well as the cumulative number of people having received their first and full vaccination. The earliest data are from 2020-12-27.

• de_state.*: Geospatial shape files for Germany's 16 federal states. Downloaded via Germany's Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy . Specifically, the shape file was obtained from this link.

Column Description

COVID-19 dataset covid_de.csv:

• state: Name of the German federal state. Germany has 16 federal states. I removed converted special characters from the original data.

• county: The name of the German Landkreis (LK) or Stadtkreis (SK), which correspond roughly to US counties.

• age_group: The COVID-19 data is being reported for 6 age groups: 0-4, 5-14, 15-34, 35-59, 60-79, and above 80 years old. As a shortcut the last category I'm using "80-99", but there might well be persons above 99 years old in this dataset. This column has a few NA entries.

• gender: Reported as male (M) or female (F). This column has a few NA entries.

• date: The calendar date of when a case or death were reported. There might be delays that will be corrected by retroactively assigning cases to earlier dates.

• cases: COVID-19 cases that have been confirmed through laboratory work. This and the following 2 columns are counts per day, not cumulative counts.

• deaths: COVID-19 related deaths.

• recovered: Recovered cases.

Demographic dataset demographics_de.csv:

• state, gender, age_group: same as above. The demographic data is available in higher age resolution, but I have binned it here to match the corresponding age groups in the covid_de.csv file.

• population: Population counts for the respective categories. These numbers reflect the (most recent available) estimates on 2018-12-31.

Vaccination progress dataset covid_de_vaccines.csv:

• date: calendar date of vaccination

• doses, doses_first, doses_second: Daily count of administered doses: total, 1st shot, 2nd shot.

• pfizer_cumul, moderna_cumul, astrazeneca_cumul: Daily cumulative number of administered vaccinations by manufacturer.

• persons_first_cumul, persons_full_cumul: Daily cumulative number of people having received their 1st shot and full vaccination, respectively.

Acknowledgements

All the data have been extracted from open data sources which are being gratefully acknowledged:

• The [Robert ...

Population trends and statistics

Germany DE: Population Density: People per Square Km data was reported at 238.017 Person/sq km in 2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 237.823 Person/sq km for 2019. Germany DE: Population Density: People per Square Km data is updated yearly, averaging 228.349 Person/sq km from Dec 1961 (Median) to 2020, with 60 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 238.017 Person/sq km in 2020 and a record low of 210.173 Person/sq km in 1961. Germany DE: Population Density: People per Square Km data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Population density is midyear population divided by land area in square kilometers. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship--except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of their country of origin. Land area is a country's total area, excluding area under inland water bodies, national claims to continental shelf, and exclusive economic zones. In most cases the definition of inland water bodies includes major rivers and lakes.;Food and Agriculture Organization and World Bank population estimates.;Weighted average;

Graph and download economic data for Infra-Annual Labor Statistics: Working-Age Population Total: From 15 to 64 Years for Germany (LFWA64TTDEQ647S) from Q1 2005 to Q2 2025 about working-age, 15 to 64 years, Germany, and population.

Graph and download economic data for Infra-Annual Labor Statistics: Working-Age Population Total: From 15 to 64 Years for Germany (LFWA64TTDEA647S) from 2005 to 2024 about working-age, 15 to 64 years, Germany, and population.

Germany DE: Population: Female: Ages 25-29: % of Female Population data was reported at 5.436 % in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 5.493 % for 2022. Germany DE: Population: Female: Ages 25-29: % of Female Population data is updated yearly, averaging 6.283 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2023, with 64 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 8.280 % in 1992 and a record low of 5.436 % in 2023. Germany DE: Population: Female: Ages 25-29: % of Female Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Female population between the ages 25 to 29 as a percentage of the total female population.;United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2024 Revision.;;