Ghana Annual Household Expenditure: Avg: Communication: Postal Services data was reported at 243.590 GHS in 2013. This records an increase from the previous number of 20.000 GHS for 2006. Ghana Annual Household Expenditure: Avg: Communication: Postal Services data is updated yearly, averaging 131.795 GHS from Dec 2006 (Median) to 2013, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 243.590 GHS in 2013 and a record low of 20.000 GHS in 2006. Ghana Annual Household Expenditure: Avg: Communication: Postal Services data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ghana Statistical Service. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ghana – Table GH.H003: Annual Household Expenditure: Average.

Abstract

Population censuses have been conducted in Ghana at approximately ten-year intervals since 1891 except in 1941, when the series was interrupted as a result of World War II but was resumed in 1948. The first post-independence census was conducted in 1960 and the next in 1970, with the expectation that a decennial census programme would be maintained. Due to circumstances beyond the control of the statistical organization, however, the third post-independence census could not be conducted until 1984. Similarly, the next census which was expected to have been conducted in 1994 was delayed. Only in 1995 was it possible to have the needed commitment to ensure the conduct of the fourth post-independence census which was scheduled for the year 2000.

The 2000 Population and Housing Census was undertaken to update current information on the size, sex, age, composition and other characteristics of Ghana's population and to ascertain the specific changes in these characteristics which had taken place since the last census was conducted in 1984. The Census was expected to ensure the continuation of a time series of demographic and socio-economic benchmark data at the national and sub-national levels and enhance the capability-building programme of the Statistical Service.

The main objective of the 2000 Population and Housing Census was to update the statistical information on the characteristics of the population of Ghana. The 2000 Population and Housing Census was the first time a full-scale housing census was conducted with a population census in one single operation.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

• Households
• Individuals
• Dwellings

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Consultation with Users Work on the census questionnaire started in 1998 bearing in mind the data needs of the country. A simple questionnaire was sent to the ministries, relevant government departments, research institutions, relevant departments in the universities, private business associations and other users seeking information on the following: · whether the organization had used any previous census data · the specific census data used · what use the census data were put · any data that were needed but had not been provided in previous censuses · general comments on population censuses. Response to the questionnaire was encouraging; some respondents sent in the completed forms while others came over to discuss their data needs.

Selection of Topics Selecting topics for inclusion in the questionnaire involved the review and consideration of the following: · topics covered in the 1984 population census, · recommended topics from the United Nations Principles and Recommendations for the 2000 round of Population and Housing Censuses, · data requests and suggestions from users based on the answers to the questionnaire sent to them, · list of users' requests compiled by the Statistical Service over a period of time.

A number of meetings were held at both the Census Secretariat and the Technical Advisory Committee levels to discuss the topics and requests. Decisions on topics for inclusion were based on the relevance of topics and the data needs of the country as well as practical considerations of application of concepts.

The final questionnaire consisted of 15 questions on housing characteristics and 20 questions on population covering the following areas: · household characteristics · geographical location and internal migration · demographic and social characteristics · economic characteristics · literacy and education · fertility and mortality.

All the population topics investigated in 1970 and 1984 censuses were maintained, because they were considered as still relevant to the country's data needs, especially in terms of maintaining a time series of socio-economic data.

The questionaires were published in English.

Cleaning operations

The Census data editing was implemented at three levels:

1. Field editing by interviewers and supervisors
2. Office editing and coding
3. Data cleaning and imputation

Data editing was partly manual and partly automatic.

Editing of the census data involved correcting errors from the field and those introduced during the capturing process. Both Structural Edits and Within Record Edits were used to clean the census data.

a) Structural Edits

• Structure edits check coverage and relationships between different units: persons, households, housing units, enumeration areas, etc. Specifically, they checked that: · all households and collective quarters records within an enumeration area were present and were in the proper order; · all occupied housing units have person records, but vacant units have no person records; · households have neither duplicate person records, nor missing person records; · enumeration areas have neither duplicate nor missing housing records.

• Each EA have the right geographic codes (region, district, locality, EA number, etc.)

• Every housing unit in an EA is entered and every record has a valid EA code

The Structural edit looked at the following situations:

· Geography edits · Hierarchy of records · Correspondence between housing and population records · Editing relationships in a household · Family nuclei

b) Within Record Edits: This consisted of validity checks and consistency edits.

· Validity checks: were performed to see if the values of individual variables are plausible or lie with a reasonable range.

· Consistency edits were performed to ensure that there is coherence between two or more variables.

The Top-down editing approach, which starts by editing top priority variables, (such as age, sex, etc.) and moves sequentially through all variables in decreasing priority was used to edit the census data.

The Hot Deck or Dynamic Imputation was also used for both missing data and inconsistent/invalid items.

The Census Secretariat carefully developed Editing and Imputation rules with written sets of consistency rules and corrections. These rules were translated into three CONCOR editing applications (Pop-Edit.exe, Hse-Edit.exe and Fertility.exe), which were used to 'clean' the data. This was done at the Regional level.

Data appraisal

A post Enumeration Survey (PES) was conducted to assess the extent of coverage and content error.

Ghana Annual Household Expenditure: Avg per Capita: Communication: Postal Services data was reported at 102.930 GHS in 2013. This records an increase from the previous number of 10.000 GHS for 2006. Ghana Annual Household Expenditure: Avg per Capita: Communication: Postal Services data is updated yearly, averaging 56.465 GHS from Dec 2006 (Median) to 2013, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 102.930 GHS in 2013 and a record low of 10.000 GHS in 2006. Ghana Annual Household Expenditure: Avg per Capita: Communication: Postal Services data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ghana Statistical Service. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ghana – Table GH.H004: Annual Household Expenditure: Average: per Capita.

家庭年支出：平均：通讯：邮政服务在12-01-2013达243.590GHS，相较于12-01-2006的20.000GHS有所增长。家庭年支出：平均：通讯：邮政服务数据按年更新，12-01-2006至12-01-2013期间平均值为131.795GHS，共2份观测结果。该数据的历史最高值出现于12-01-2013，达243.590GHS，而历史最低值则出现于12-01-2006，为20.000GHS。CEIC提供的家庭年支出：平均：通讯：邮政服务数据处于定期更新的状态，数据来源于Ghana Statistical Service，数据归类于全球数据库的加纳 – Table GH.H003：家庭年支出：平均。