Brazil BR: Gini Coefficient (GINI Index): World Bank Estimate data was reported at 52.000 % in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 52.900 % for 2021. Brazil BR: Gini Coefficient (GINI Index): World Bank Estimate data is updated yearly, averaging 56.400 % from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2022, with 38 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 63.300 % in 1989 and a record low of 48.900 % in 2020. Brazil BR: Gini Coefficient (GINI Index): World Bank Estimate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Brazil – Table BR.World Bank.WDI: Social: Poverty and Inequality. Gini index measures the extent to which the distribution of income (or, in some cases, consumption expenditure) among individuals or households within an economy deviates from a perfectly equal distribution. A Lorenz curve plots the cumulative percentages of total income received against the cumulative number of recipients, starting with the poorest individual or household. The Gini index measures the area between the Lorenz curve and a hypothetical line of absolute equality, expressed as a percentage of the maximum area under the line. Thus a Gini index of 0 represents perfect equality, while an index of 100 implies perfect inequality.;World Bank, Poverty and Inequality Platform. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are mostly from the Luxembourg Income Study database. For more information and methodology, please see http://pip.worldbank.org.;;The World Bank’s internationally comparable poverty monitoring database now draws on income or detailed consumption data from more than 2000 household surveys across 169 countries. See the Poverty and Inequality Platform (PIP) for details (www.pip.worldbank.org).

Between 2010 and 2023, Brazil's data on the degree of inequality in wealth distribution based on the Gini coefficient reached 52. That year, Brazil was deemed one of the most unequal country in Latin America. Prior to 2010, wealth distribution in Brazil had shown signs of improvement, with the Gini coefficient decreasing in the previous 3 reporting periods. The Gini coefficient measures the deviation of the distribution of income (or consumption) among individuals or households in a given country from a perfectly equal distribution. A value of 0 represents absolute equality, whereas 100 would be the highest possible degree of inequality.

Brazil: Gini income inequality index: The latest value from 2022 is 52 index points, a decline from 52.9 index points in 2021. In comparison, the world average is 38.33 index points, based on data from 28 countries. Historically, the average for Brazil from 1981 to 2022 is 56.28 index points. The minimum value, 48.9 index points, was reached in 2020 while the maximum of 63.2 index points was recorded in 1989.

Brazil Gini Coefficient: Household Income: per Capita: Southeast: Rio de Janeiro data was reported at 0.521 % in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.524 % for 2016. Brazil Gini Coefficient: Household Income: per Capita: Southeast: Rio de Janeiro data is updated yearly, averaging 0.522 % from Dec 2016 (Median) to 2017, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.524 % in 2016 and a record low of 0.521 % in 2017. Brazil Gini Coefficient: Household Income: per Capita: Southeast: Rio de Janeiro data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Socio and Demographic – Table BR.GAF003: Gini Coefficient: Household Income: by Region.

In 2023, the gini coefficient for urban areas in Brazil amounted to approximately 0.51 points. Between 2001 and 2023, the figure dropped by around 0.05 points, though the decline followed an uneven course rather than a steady trajectory.

Brazil Gini Coefficient: Household Income: per Capita: North data was reported at 0.544 % in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.539 % for 2016. Brazil Gini Coefficient: Household Income: per Capita: North data is updated yearly, averaging 0.542 % from Dec 2016 (Median) to 2017, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.544 % in 2017 and a record low of 0.539 % in 2016. Brazil Gini Coefficient: Household Income: per Capita: North data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Socio and Demographic – Table BR.GAF003: Gini Coefficient: Household Income: by Region.

In 2023, the gini coefficient for rural areas in Brazil was approximately 0.46 points. Between 2001 and 2023, the figure dropped by around 0.04 points, though the decline followed an uneven course rather than a steady trajectory.

Brazil Gini Coefficient: Household Income: per Capita: Northeast: Paraíba data was reported at 0.563 % in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.540 % for 2016. Brazil Gini Coefficient: Household Income: per Capita: Northeast: Paraíba data is updated yearly, averaging 0.551 % from Dec 2016 (Median) to 2017, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.563 % in 2017 and a record low of 0.540 % in 2016. Brazil Gini Coefficient: Household Income: per Capita: Northeast: Paraíba data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Socio and Demographic – Table BR.GAF003: Gini Coefficient: Household Income: by Region.

Historical dataset showing Brazil income inequality - gini coefficient by year from N/A to N/A.

ABSTRACT This article presents an estimation of the Brazilian Gross Value Added (GVA) for 127 employment shares and 64 economic activities, based on the year of 2015. Continuous National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) microdata was reconciled with National Accounts data by means of the World Inequality Database (WID). Disaggregation was achieved for 64-economic-activity after applying a RAS biproportional balancing procedure, which considered, on the one hand, the distribution of GVA by activity of Brazilian Tables of Resources and Uses, and, on the other hand, the distribution by population shares from WID. From the results, it was possible to analyze the relative distribution of the employment shares in the value added for each and every economic activity, to construct a ranking of economic activities by degree of progressivity, to simulate the trajectory of inequality between 2012 and 2019 - assuming constant concentration ratios and changing the participation of each activity in the value added - and to calculate, separately for each final demand component and each economic activity, the Gini index that would prevail if the final demand were comprised of each component of the demand or of each economic activity exclusively.

Based on the degree of inequality in income distribution measured by the Gini coefficient, Colombia was the most unequal country in Latin America as of 2022. Colombia's Gini coefficient amounted to 54.8. The Dominican Republic recorded the lowest Gini coefficient at 37, even below Uruguay and Chile, which are some of the countries with the highest human development indexes in Latin America. The Gini coefficient explained The Gini coefficient measures the deviation of the distribution of income among individuals or households in a given country from a perfectly equal distribution. A value of 0 represents absolute equality, whereas 100 would be the highest possible degree of inequality. This measurement reflects the degree of wealth inequality at a certain moment in time, though it may fail to capture how average levels of income improve or worsen over time. What affects the Gini coefficient in Latin America? Latin America, as other developing regions in the world, generally records high rates of inequality, with a Gini coefficient ranging between 37 and 55 points according to the latest available data from the reporting period 2010-2023. According to the Human Development Report, wealth redistribution by means of tax transfers improves Latin America's Gini coefficient to a lesser degree than it does in advanced economies. Wider access to education and health services, on the other hand, have been proven to have a greater direct effect in improving Gini coefficient measurements in the region.

ABSTRACT This paper analyzed the inequality of non-labor income shares in relation to total per capita household income (RDPC) based on data from the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD). To this end, the participation of these shares in RDPC formation, the concentration ratio, and the composition and concentration effects were estimated using the dynamic and static decomposition technique of the Gini index. Results suggest that 83.71% of total non-labor income is composed of retirement and pension income. Between 2001 and 2015, the fall in inequality associated with non-labor income was 42.36%, with the concentration effect having the largest share (35.91%). Of the shares analyzed, retirements and pensions of up to one minimum wage and government income transfers had the largest contributions to reduce inequality-11.91% and 15.92%, respectively. From 2012 to 2020, the results of the PNAD Contínua shows that retirements and pensions are regressive and that the Gini index, which had been growing since 2016, fell in 2020 due to the increased share of emergency aid in total income.

Multidimensional Poverty Headcount Ratio: UNDP: % of total population data was reported at 3.800 % in 2015. Multidimensional Poverty Headcount Ratio: UNDP: % of total population data is updated yearly, averaging 3.800 % from Dec 2015 (Median) to 2015, with 1 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.800 % in 2015 and a record low of 3.800 % in 2015. Multidimensional Poverty Headcount Ratio: UNDP: % of total population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Brazil – Table BR.World Bank.WDI: Social: Poverty and Inequality. The multidimensional poverty headcount ratio (UNDP) is the percentage of a population living in poverty according to UNDPs multidimensional poverty index. The index includes three dimensions -- health, education, and living standards.;Alkire, S., Kanagaratnam, U., and Suppa, N. (2023). ‘The global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) 2023 country results and methodological note’, OPHI MPI Methodological Note 55, Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI), University of Oxford. (https://ophi.org.uk/mpi-methodological-note-55-2/);;

Brazil Gini Coefficient: Household Income: per Capita: North: Amazonas data was reported at 0.604 % in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.572 % for 2016. Brazil Gini Coefficient: Household Income: per Capita: North: Amazonas data is updated yearly, averaging 0.588 % from Dec 2016 (Median) to 2017, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.604 % in 2017 and a record low of 0.572 % in 2016. Brazil Gini Coefficient: Household Income: per Capita: North: Amazonas data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Socio and Demographic – Table BR.GAF003: Gini Coefficient: Household Income: by Region.

In 2024, the national gross income per capita in Brazil amounted to around 9,950 U.S. dollars, an increase from 9,310 dollars per person in the previous year. Gross national income (GNI) is the aggregated sum of the value added by residents in an economy, plus net taxes (minus subsidies) and net receipts of primary income from abroad. Excluding countries and territories in the Caribbean, Uruguay and Chile were the Latin American countries with the highest national income per capita. Demographic elements and income There are many factors that may influence the income level, such as gender, academic attainment, location, ethnicity, etc. The gender pay gap, for example, is significant in Brazil. As of 2024, the monthly income per capita of men was 3,549 Brazilian reals, while the figure was 2,793 reals in the case of women. Additionally, monthly per capita household income varies greatly from state to state; the figures registered in Distrito Federal and São Paulo more than double the income of federative units like Acre, Alagoas or Maranhão. A high degree of inequality The Gini coefficient measures the degree of income inequality on a scale from 0 (total equality of incomes) to 100 (total inequality). Between 2010 and 2023, Brazil's degree of inequality in wealth distribution based on the Gini coefficient reached 52. That year, Brazil was deemed one of the most unequal countries in Latin America. Although the latest result represented one of the worst values in recent years, the Gini index is projected to improve slightly in the near future.

Brazil Gini Coefficient: Household Income: per Capita: Northeast: Bahia data was reported at 0.599 % in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.548 % for 2016. Brazil Gini Coefficient: Household Income: per Capita: Northeast: Bahia data is updated yearly, averaging 0.574 % from Dec 2016 (Median) to 2017, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.599 % in 2017 and a record low of 0.548 % in 2016. Brazil Gini Coefficient: Household Income: per Capita: Northeast: Bahia data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Socio and Demographic – Table BR.GAF003: Gini Coefficient: Household Income: by Region.

Brazil Gini Coefficient: Household Income: per Capita: Southeast: São Paulo data was reported at 0.534 % in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.541 % for 2016. Brazil Gini Coefficient: Household Income: per Capita: Southeast: São Paulo data is updated yearly, averaging 0.538 % from Dec 2016 (Median) to 2017, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.541 % in 2016 and a record low of 0.534 % in 2017. Brazil Gini Coefficient: Household Income: per Capita: Southeast: São Paulo data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Socio and Demographic – Table BR.GAF003: Gini Coefficient: Household Income: by Region.

Out of the G20 countries, South Africa, Brazil, and Turkey have the highest levels of income inequality, while France, Canada, and Germany have the lowest levels of inequality. Other G20 countries in the middle have Gini coefficients between 32.5 and 44.0. The Gini coefficient measures the level of income inequality worldwide, where a higher score indicates a higher level of income inequality.

Income InequalityThe level of income inequality among households in a county can be measured using the Gini index. A Gini index varies between zero and one. A value of one indicates perfect inequality, where only one household in the county has any income. A value of zero indicates perfect equality, where all households in the county have equal income.The United States, as a country, has a Gini Index of 0.47 for this time period. For comparision in this map, the purple counties have greater income inequality, while orange counties have less inequality of incomes. For reference, Brazil has an index of 0.58 (relatively high inequality) and Denmark has an index of 0.24 (relatively low inequality).The 5-year Gini index for the U.S. was 0.4695 in 2007-2011 and 0.467 in 2006-2010. Appalachian Regional Commission, September 2013Data source: U.S. Census Bureau, 5-Year American Community Survey, 2006-2010 & 2007-2011

Abstract Between 2004 and 2014, Brazil experienced a rise in mass consumption, thanks to the increase in the purchasing power of low-income families. This article analyzes, from a microeconomic perspective, the changes in the pattern of household expenditure that resulted from this scenario. It also assesses the extent to which the economic crisis that started in 2014 has reversed the improvement in the welfare level reached in the previous period. To this end, we use data from the 2017-2018 Brazilian Family Budget Survey, comparing them with the corresponding results from its previous edition (2008-2009). We estimate per capita family expenses in different categories, as well as income-elasticities and concentration ratios, to evaluate which types of expenditure have become more (or less) concentrated in the relatively wealthy families. We pay particular attention to consumption expenditure, given its direct influence on living standards.