This is a link to the QGIS website where you can download open-source GIS software for viewing, analyzing and manipulating geodata like our downloadable shapefiles.

The data provides a summary of the state of development practice for Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software (as of August 2017). The summary is based on grading a set of 30 GIS products using a template of 56 questions based on 13 software qualities. The products range in scope and purpose from a complete desktop GIS systems, to stand-alone tools, to programming libraries/packages.

The template used to grade the software is found in the TabularSummaries.zip file. Each quality is measured with a series of questions. For unambiguity the responses are quantified wherever possible (e.g.~yes/no answers). The goal is for measures that are visible, measurable and feasible in a short time with limited domain knowledge. Unlike a comprehensive software review, this template does not grade on functionality and features. Therefore, it is possible that a relatively featureless product can outscore a feature-rich product.

A virtual machine is used to provide an optimal testing environments for each software product. During the process of grading the 30 software products, it is much easier to create a new virtual machine to test the software on, rather than using the host operating system and file system.

The raw data obtained by measuring each software product is in SoftwareGrading-GIS.xlsx. Each line in this file corresponds to between 2 and 4 hours of measurement time by a software engineer. The results are summarized for each quality in the TabularSummaries.zip file, as a tex file and compiled pdf file.

The primary intent of this workshop is to provide practical training in using Statistics Canada geography files with the leading industry standard software: Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc.(ESRI) ArcGIS 9x. Participants will be introduced to the key features of ArcGIS 9x, as well as to geographic concepts and principles essential to understanding and working with geographic information systems (GIS) software. The workshop will review a range of geography and attribute files available from Statistics Canada, as well as some best practices for accessing this information. A brief overview of complementary data sets available from federal and provincial agencies will be provided. There will also be an opportunity to complete a practical exercise using ArcGIS9x. (Note: Data associated with this presentation is available on the DLI FTP site under folder 1873-221.)

Author: A Lisson, educator, Minnesota Alliance for Geographic EducationGrade/Audience: grade 8Resource type: lessonSubject topic(s): gis, geographic thinkingRegion: united statesStandards: Minnesota Social Studies Standards

Standard 1. People use geographic representations and geospatial technologies to acquire, process and report information within a spatial context.Objectives: Students will be able to:

1. Explain the difference between two types of geospatial technologies - GPS and GIS.
2. Develop basic skills to effectively manipulate and use GPS receivers and ArcGIS software.
3. Explain uses of GPS and GIS.Summary: Students use GPS coordinates to discover geocaches at a local park, and they use ArcGIS to layer maps about the park. Frontenac State park is the example, but any park or area (including school grounds) could be used. Students also investigate careers that use GIS.

The USDA Long-Term Agroecosystem Research was established to develop national strategies for sustainable intensification of agricultural production. As part of the Agricultural Research Service, the LTAR Network incorporates numerous geographies consisting of experimental areas and locations where data are being gathered. Starting in early 2019, two working groups of the LTAR Network (Remote Sensing and GIS, and Data Management) set a major goal to jointly develop a geodatabase of LTAR Standard GIS Data Layers. The purpose of the geodatabase was to enhance the Network's ability to utilize coordinated, harmonized datasets and reduce redundancy and potential errors associated with multiple copies of similar datasets. Project organizers met at least twice with each of the 18 LTAR sites from September 2019 through December 2020, compiling and editing a set of detailed geospatial data layers comprising a geodatabase, describing essential data collection areas within the LTAR Network. The LTAR Standard GIS Data Layers geodatabase consists of geospatial data that represent locations and areas associated with the LTAR Network as of late 2020, including LTAR site locations, addresses, experimental plots, fields and watersheds, eddy flux towers, and phenocams. There are six data layers in the geodatabase available to the public. This geodatabase was created in 2019-2020 by the LTAR network as a national collaborative effort among working groups and LTAR sites. The creation of the geodatabase began with initial requests to LTAR site leads and data managers for geospatial data, followed by meetings with each LTAR site to review the initial draft. Edits were documented, and the final draft was again reviewed and certified by LTAR site leads or their delegates. Revisions to this geodatabase will occur biennially, with the next revision scheduled to be published in 2023. Resources in this dataset:Resource Title: LTAR Standard GIS Data Layers, 2020 version, File Geodatabase. File Name: LTAR_Standard_GIS_Layers_v2020.zipResource Description: This file geodatabase consists of authoritative GIS data layers of the Long-Term Agroecosystem Research Network. Data layers include: LTAR site locations, LTAR site points of contact and street addresses, LTAR experimental boundaries, LTAR site "legacy region" boundaries, LTAR eddy flux tower locations, and LTAR phenocam locations.Resource Software Recommended: ArcGIS,url: esri.com Resource Title: LTAR Standard GIS Data Layers, 2020 version, GeoJSON files. File Name: LTAR_Standard_GIS_Layers_v2020_GeoJSON_ADC.zipResource Description: The contents of the LTAR Standard GIS Data Layers includes geospatial data that represent locations and areas associated with the LTAR Network as of late 2020. This collection of geojson files includes spatial data describing LTAR site locations, addresses, experimental plots, fields and watersheds, eddy flux towers, and phenocams. There are six data layers in the geodatabase available to the public. This dataset was created in 2019-2020 by the LTAR network as a national collaborative effort among working groups and LTAR sites. Resource Software Recommended: QGIS,url: https://qgis.org/en/site/

A major objective of plant ecology research is to determine the underlying processes responsible for the observed spatial distribution patterns of plant species. Plants can be approximated as points in space for this purpose, and thus, spatial point pattern analysis has become increasingly popular in ecological research. The basic piece of data for point pattern analysis is a point location of an ecological object in some study region. Therefore, point pattern analysis can only be performed if data can be collected. However, due to the lack of a convenient sampling method, a few previous studies have used point pattern analysis to examine the spatial patterns of grassland species. This is unfortunate because being able to explore point patterns in grassland systems has widespread implications for population dynamics, community-level patterns and ecological processes. In this study, we develop a new method to measure individual coordinates of species in grassland communities. This method records plant growing positions via digital picture samples that have been sub-blocked within a geographical information system (GIS). Here, we tested out the new method by measuring the individual coordinates of Stipa grandis in grazed and ungrazed S. grandis communities in a temperate steppe ecosystem in China. Furthermore, we analyzed the pattern of S. grandis by using the pair correlation function g(r) with both a homogeneous Poisson process and a heterogeneous Poisson process. Our results showed that individuals of S. grandis were overdispersed according to the homogeneous Poisson process at 0-0.16 m in the ungrazed community, while they were clustered at 0.19 m according to the homogeneous and heterogeneous Poisson processes in the grazed community. These results suggest that competitive interactions dominated the ungrazed community, while facilitative interactions dominated the grazed community. In sum, we successfully executed a new sampling method, using digital photography and a Geographical Information System, to collect experimental data on the spatial point patterns for the populations in this grassland community.

Methods 1. Data collection using digital photographs and GIS

A flat 5 m x 5 m sampling block was chosen in a study grassland community and divided with bamboo chopsticks into 100 sub-blocks of 50 cm x 50 cm (Fig. 1). A digital camera was then mounted to a telescoping stake and positioned in the center of each sub-block to photograph vegetation within a 0.25 m2 area. Pictures were taken 1.75 m above the ground at an approximate downward angle of 90° (Fig. 2). Automatic camera settings were used for focus, lighting and shutter speed. After photographing the plot as a whole, photographs were taken of each individual plant in each sub-block. In order to identify each individual plant from the digital images, each plant was uniquely marked before the pictures were taken (Fig. 2 B).

Digital images were imported into a computer as JPEG files, and the position of each plant in the pictures was determined using GIS. This involved four steps: 1) A reference frame (Fig. 3) was established using R2V software to designate control points, or the four vertexes of each sub-block (Appendix S1), so that all plants in each sub-block were within the same reference frame. The parallax and optical distortion in the raster images was then geometrically corrected based on these selected control points; 2) Maps, or layers in GIS terminology, were set up for each species as PROJECT files (Appendix S2), and all individuals in each sub-block were digitized using R2V software (Appendix S3). For accuracy, the digitization of plant individual locations was performed manually; 3) Each plant species layer was exported from a PROJECT file to a SHAPE file in R2V software (Appendix S4); 4) Finally each species layer was opened in Arc GIS software in the SHAPE file format, and attribute data from each species layer was exported into Arc GIS to obtain the precise coordinates for each species. This last phase involved four steps of its own, from adding the data (Appendix S5), to opening the attribute table (Appendix S6), to adding new x and y coordinate fields (Appendix S7) and to obtaining the x and y coordinates and filling in the new fields (Appendix S8).

1. Data reliability assessment

To determine the accuracy of our new method, we measured the individual locations of Leymus chinensis, a perennial rhizome grass, in representative community blocks 5 m x 5 m in size in typical steppe habitat in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China in July 2010 (Fig. 4 A). As our standard for comparison, we used a ruler to measure the individual coordinates of L. chinensis. We tested for significant differences between (1) the coordinates of L. chinensis, as measured with our new method and with the ruler, and (2) the pair correlation function g of L. chinensis, as measured with our new method and with the ruler (see section 3.2 Data Analysis). If (1) the coordinates of L. chinensis, as measured with our new method and with the ruler, and (2) the pair correlation function g of L. chinensis, as measured with our new method and with the ruler, did not differ significantly, then we could conclude that our new method of measuring the coordinates of L. chinensis was reliable.

We compared the results using a t-test (Table 1). We found no significant differences in either (1) the coordinates of L. chinensis or (2) the pair correlation function g of L. chinensis. Further, we compared the pattern characteristics of L. chinensis when measured by our new method against the ruler measurements using a null model. We found that the two pattern characteristics of L. chinensis did not differ significantly based on the homogenous Poisson process or complete spatial randomness (Fig. 4 B). Thus, we concluded that the data obtained using our new method was reliable enough to perform point pattern analysis with a null model in grassland communities.

Hi, I'm Kiaran Ratcliffe a GIS Consultant within the Education Team at Esri UK. Esri is a company that creates and distributes GIS software, and my focus is on helping schools and universities access and use this software effectively. That means helping educators bring GIS into the classroom in ways that are engaging, inclusive, and relevant. We want students to leave school or university not just knowing how to use GIS, but understanding how to apply it to make a difference—socially, environmentally, and across all kinds of industries.It’s a really rewarding role. We get to support both students and teachers, and help them use modern spatial tools to explore the world, solve problems, and tell powerful stories with data.

Statistical analyses and maps representing mean, high, and low water-level conditions in the surface water and groundwater of Miami-Dade County were made by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Miami-Dade County Department of Regulatory and Economic Resources, to help inform decisions necessary for urban planning and development. Sixteen maps were created that show contours of (1) the mean of daily water levels at each site during October and May for the 2000-2009 water years; (2) the 25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles of the daily water levels at each site during October and May and for all months during 2000-2009; and (3) the differences between mean October and May water levels, as well as the differences in the percentiles of water levels for all months, between 1990-1999 and 2000-2009. The 80th, 90th, and 96th percentiles of the annual maximums of daily groundwater levels during 1974-2009 (a 35-year period) were computed to provide an indication of unusually high groundwater-level conditions. These maps and statistics provide a generalized understanding of the variations of water levels in the aquifer, rather than a survey of concurrent water levels. Water-level measurements from 473 sites in Miami-Dade County and surrounding counties were analyzed to generate statistical analyses. The monitored water levels included surface-water levels in canals and wetland areas and groundwater levels in the Biscayne aquifer. Maps were created by importing site coordinates, summary water-level statistics, and completeness of record statistics into a geographic information system, and by interpolating between water levels at monitoring sites in the canals and water levels along the coastline. Raster surfaces were created from these data by using the triangular irregular network interpolation method. The raster surfaces were contoured by using geographic information system software. These contours were imprecise in some areas because the software could not fully evaluate the hydrology given available information; therefore, contours were manually modified where necessary. The ability to evaluate differences in water levels between 1990-1999 and 2000-2009 is limited in some areas because most of the monitoring sites did not have 80 percent complete records for one or both of these periods. The quality of the analyses was limited by (1) deficiencies in spatial coverage; (2) the combination of pre- and post-construction water levels in areas where canals, levees, retention basins, detention basins, or water-control structures were installed or removed; (3) an inability to address the potential effects of the vertical hydraulic head gradient on water levels in wells of different depths; and (4) an inability to correct for the differences between daily water-level statistics. Contours are dashed in areas where the locations of contours have been approximated because of the uncertainty caused by these limitations. Although the ability of the maps to depict differences in water levels between 1990-1999 and 2000-2009 was limited by missing data, results indicate that near the coast water levels were generally higher in May during 2000-2009 than during 1990-1999; and that inland water levels were generally lower during 2000-2009 than during 1990-1999. Generally, the 25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles of water levels from all months were also higher near the coast and lower inland during 2000–2009 than during 1990-1999. Mean October water levels during 2000-2009 were generally higher than during 1990-1999 in much of western Miami-Dade County, but were lower in a large part of eastern Miami-Dade County.

The Southwestern Region is 20.6 million acres. There are six national forests in Arizona, five national forests and a national grassland in New Mexico, and one national grassland each in Oklahoma and the Texas panhandle.The region ranges in elevation from 1,600 feet above sea level and an annual rain fall of 8 inches in Arizona's lower Sonoran Desert to 13,171-foot high Wheeler Peak and over 35 inches of precipitation a year in northern New Mexico. Geographic Information Systems or GIS are computer systems, software and data used to analyze and display spatial or locational data about surface features. One of the strengths of GIS is the capability to overlay or compare multiple feature layers. A user can then analyze the relationship between the layers. Data, reports and maps produced through GIS are used by managers and resource specialists to make decisions about land management activities on National Forests. The National Forests of the Southwestern Region maintain and utilize GIS data for various features on the ground. Some of these datasets are made available for download through this page. Resources in this dataset:Resource Title: GIS Datasets. File Name: Web Page, url: https://www.fs.usda.gov/detail/r3/landmanagement/gis/?cid=STELPRDB5202474 Selected GIS datasets for the Southwestern Region are available for download from this page.Resource Software Recommended: ArcExplorer,url: http://www.esri.com/software/arcexplorer/index.html

The global Business Mapping Software market is poised for significant expansion, projected to reach an estimated USD 5,000 million by 2025 and growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of XX% through 2033. This robust growth is underpinned by the increasing demand for advanced data visualization and spatial analytics across diverse industries. Key drivers include the burgeoning need for optimized logistics and supply chain management, enhanced customer relationship management (CRM) through location intelligence, and improved operational efficiency via dynamic route planning and site selection. The manufacturing sector, in particular, leverages business mapping software for factory layout optimization, resource allocation, and risk assessment in global operations. Similarly, the automotive industry is integrating these solutions for advanced navigation systems, fleet management, and the development of autonomous driving technologies, which heavily rely on precise geospatial data. The financial services sector is also a significant adopter, utilizing mapping software for fraud detection, risk analysis, and identifying optimal branch locations. The market's trajectory is further bolstered by emerging trends such as the widespread adoption of cloud-based solutions, offering greater scalability, accessibility, and cost-effectiveness compared to traditional on-premise installations. This shift democratizes access to sophisticated mapping tools for small and medium-sized enterprises. The integration of AI and machine learning with business mapping platforms is another transformative trend, enabling predictive analytics, pattern recognition, and more intelligent decision-making. However, the market faces certain restraints, including the initial high cost of implementation for some advanced features, the need for specialized skills to leverage the full potential of these tools, and concerns around data privacy and security, especially when dealing with sensitive customer or operational information. Despite these challenges, the continuous innovation and increasing integration of geospatial capabilities into core business processes are expected to drive sustained market growth and adoption across a wide spectrum of industries. Here's a comprehensive report description for Business Mapping Software, incorporating all your specified elements:

Geospatial Solutions Market size was valued at USD 282.75 Billion in 2024 and is projected to reach USD 650.14 Billion by 2032, growing at a CAGR of 12.10% during the forecast period 2026-2032.Geospatial Solutions Market: Definition/ OverviewGeospatial solutions are applications and technologies that use spatial data to address geography, location, and Earth's surface problems. They use tools like GIS, remote sensing, GPS, satellite imagery analysis, and spatial modelling. These solutions enable informed decision-making, resource allocation optimization, asset management, environmental monitoring, infrastructure planning, and addressing challenges in sectors like urban planning, agriculture, transportation, disaster management, and natural resource management. They empower users to harness spatial information for better understanding and decision-making in various contexts.Geospatial solutions are technologies and methodologies used to analyze and visualize spatial data, ranging from urban planning to agriculture. They use GIS, remote sensing, and GNSS to gather, process, and interpret data. These solutions help users make informed decisions, solve complex problems, optimize resource allocation, and enhance situational awareness. They are crucial in addressing challenges and unlocking opportunities in today's interconnected world, such as mapping land use patterns, monitoring ecosystem changes, and real-time asset tracking.

Animal mortality on roads is one of the main concerns on wildlife conservation. Due to their habitat requirements, amphibians became one of the most commonly road-killed group and this may affect their population viability. Implementation of mitigation measures may overcome the problem. However, due to the extensive road network, their application is very expensive and required a better understanding in where they should be implemented. Mortality hotspots can be identified as clusters of road-killed records) using GIS (Geographic Information Systems). Although there are several statistical methods available, it is lacking a comparison analysis of them in order to understand their pros and contras. The aim of this study was to analyse possible differences between global, multi-scale and local spatial analysis methods in defining hotspots using amphibian road fatality data collected in northern Portugal country roads. We calculated the Nearest neighbor index, Morans I and Getis-ord General in order to compare the global clustering of points in seven sampled roads, and three were identified as clustered. We used Ripley K-function, Ripley L-function and F function to calculate the best scale for Malo's equation and Kernel density analysis in detecting hotspots and we compared their detection performance with Local Indicators of Association (LISA) (i.e Local Moran's I and Getis-ord Gi). Three different GIS software applications were used: ArcGis, Quantum GIS with R (opensource) and GeoDa (opensource). Results showed the importance of using multidistance spatial cluster analysis to define the best scale for hotspot detection with Malo´s equation and Kernel density analysis. Here we also suggest the advantages of Local Indicators of Association (LISA) for detecting clusters with the contribution of each individual observation (Local Morans I and Getis-ord Gi).

In this blog I’ll share the workflow and tools used in the GIS part of this analysis. To understand where crashes are occurring, first the dataset had to be mapped. The software of choice in this instance was ArcGIS, though most of the analysis could have been done using QGIS. Heat maps are all the rage, and if you want to make simple heat maps for free and you appreciate good documentation, I recommend the QGIS Heatmap plugin. There are also some great tools in the free open-source program GeoDa for spatial statistics.

The Asia-Pacific Geographic Information System (GIS) market is expanding rapidly, due to the widespread application of geospatial technology in industries like as agriculture, construction, mining, and manufacturing. Government initiatives fostering infrastructure development and smart city projects amplify this growth. The incorporation of new technologies like cloud computing, artificial intelligence, and big data analytics into GIS platforms improves their capabilities, resulting in more effective decision-making and resource management. This is likely to enable the market size to surpass USD 16.55 Billion valued in 2024 to reach a valuation of around USD 34.95 Billion by 2032.Several important companies help shape the competitive landscape of the Asia-Pacific GIS Market. SuperMap Software Co., Ltd., located in Beijing, China, has established itself as a prominent GIS platform maker, providing a wide range of GIS software products and services to a variety of industries. MapmyIndia, headquartered in New Delhi, India, specializes in digital map data and location-based services, serving sectors such as automotive, logistics, and consumer technology. Esri Australia provides location intelligence solutions, catering to industries like defense, emergency management, and environmental monitoring. These companies, among others, play pivotal roles in advancing GIS technologies and meeting the diverse needs of sectors such as urban planning, transportation, and environmental management within the region. The rising demand for Asia Pacific GIS is enabling the market to grow at a CAGR of 9.08% from 2026 to 2032.

Statistical analyses and maps representing mean, high, and low water-level conditions in the surface water and groundwater of Miami-Dade County were made by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Miami-Dade County Department of Regulatory and Economic Resources, to help inform decisions necessary for urban planning and development. Sixteen maps were created that show contours of (1) the mean of daily water levels at each site during October and May for the 2000-2009 water years; (2) the 25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles of the daily water levels at each site during October and May and for all months during 2000-2009; and (3) the differences between mean October and May water levels, as well as the differences in the percentiles of water levels for all months, between 1990-1999 and 2000-2009. The 80th, 90th, and 96th percentiles of the annual maximums of daily groundwater levels during 1974-2009 (a 35-year period) were computed to provide an indication of unusually high groundwater-level conditions. These maps and statistics provide a generalized understanding of the variations of water levels in the aquifer, rather than a survey of concurrent water levels. Water-level measurements from 473 sites in Miami-Dade County and surrounding counties were analyzed to generate statistical analyses. The monitored water levels included surface-water levels in canals and wetland areas and groundwater levels in the Biscayne aquifer. Maps were created by importing site coordinates, summary water-level statistics, and completeness of record statistics into a geographic information system, and by interpolating between water levels at monitoring sites in the canals and water levels along the coastline. Raster surfaces were created from these data by using the triangular irregular network interpolation method. The raster surfaces were contoured by using geographic information system software. These contours were imprecise in some areas because the software could not fully evaluate the hydrology given available information; therefore, contours were manually modified where necessary. The ability to evaluate differences in water levels between 1990-1999 and 2000-2009 is limited in some areas because most of the monitoring sites did not have 80 percent complete records for one or both of these periods. The quality of the analyses was limited by (1) deficiencies in spatial coverage; (2) the combination of pre- and post-construction water levels in areas where canals, levees, retention basins, detention basins, or water-control structures were installed or removed; (3) an inability to address the potential effects of the vertical hydraulic head gradient on water levels in wells of different depths; and (4) an inability to correct for the differences between daily water-level statistics. Contours are dashed in areas where the locations of contours have been approximated because of the uncertainty caused by these limitations. Although the ability of the maps to depict differences in water levels between 1990-1999 and 2000-2009 was limited by missing data, results indicate that near the coast water levels were generally higher in May during 2000-2009 than during 1990-1999; and that inland water levels were generally lower during 2000-2009 than during 1990-1999. Generally, the 25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles of water levels from all months were also higher near the coast and lower inland during 2000–2009 than during 1990-1999. Mean October water levels during 2000-2009 were generally higher than during 1990-1999 in much of western Miami-Dade County, but were lower in a large part of eastern Miami-Dade County.

Users are encouraged to access the Maine ArcGIS REST Services Directory and connect to the 2-foot contour feature service layer URLs available under the "Hosted" folder instead of attempting to download the data. Many GIS software clients (including ArcGIS, QGIS, and Global Mapper) allow for exporting data directly in the software client as well, once the service connection is established. Please review your specific GIS client documentation for the workflow to add a new ArcGIS/feature service connection.AutoCAD users: There is a free plugin available (ArcGIS for AutoCAD) that allows direct editing of GIS data within AutoCAD. System requirements can be found here. The download page can be found here.

Geographic Information System (GIS) Market size was valued at USD 16.4 Billion in 2024 and is projected to reach USD 43.82 Billion by 2032, growing at a CAGR of 13.07% from 2026 to 2032.Key market drivers for the Geographic Information System (GIS) Market include rising demand for smart city infrastructure, increasing use of location-based services, growing applications in urban planning and disaster management, and advancements in satellite and remote sensing technologies that enhance geospatial data accuracy and real-time analysis.

This 90 minute session will cover data discovery and extraction via the CHASS Census Analyzer and basic GIS visualization. We will highlight the added value features of using CHASS compared to Statistics Canada Census Profiles. We will provide an overview of the steps involved in visualizing Census data in ArcGIS, including data elements and major processes. This session will also feature a critical discussion on visualizing Census data in GIS software, focusing on the technical expertise required to produce usable visualizations as well as the responsibility (and credit) for producing visualizations.

Land Management Software Market Outlook

The global land management software market size is projected to grow significantly from USD 1.5 billion in 2023 to USD 3.8 billion by 2032, reflecting an impressive compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 10.5% during this period. This robust growth is driven by multiple factors including advancements in geospatial technologies, the increasing need for efficient land utilization, and heightened regulatory requirements for land management practices.

One of the primary growth factors of the land management software market is the rapid technological advancements in geospatial and remote sensing technologies. These innovations are making it easier to manage land resources more efficiently and accurately. The integration of Geographic Information System (GIS) technologies and remote sensing allows for real-time data collection and analysis, which significantly enhances decision-making processes. Furthermore, the advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) in land management software is expected to optimize land use and improve predictive capabilities, driving the market’s growth.

Another significant growth factor is the increasing global emphasis on sustainable land management practices. As governments and private enterprises become more aware of the environmental impact of land use, there is a growing demand for software solutions that can help monitor, manage, and mitigate these impacts. Policies and regulations aimed at promoting sustainable land use are being enacted globally, compelling landowners and managers to adopt advanced land management software. These regulatory pressures are expected to drive significant adoption of advanced land management solutions over the forecast period.

The rising need for efficient land utilization, particularly in urban areas, is also a crucial growth driver. With global urbanization rates climbing, the need to manage land resources in urban settings has never been more critical. Land management software helps in the optimal allocation and use of land resources, facilitating better urban planning and development. This is particularly vital in densely populated regions where space is at a premium and efficient land use can significantly impact economic and social outcomes.

Regionally, North America is anticipated to dominate the land management software market, attributed to the region's advanced technological infrastructure and high adoption rates of innovative land management solutions. However, the Asia Pacific region is expected to witness the highest growth rate during the forecast period, driven by rapid urbanization, increasing investments in smart city projects, and the rising need for efficient land management practices in agriculture and forestry sectors.

Component Analysis

The land management software market is segmented by component into software and services. The software segment is expected to account for the largest market share during the forecast period, driven by continuous advancements in software capabilities and increasing demand for integrated land management solutions. These software solutions offer comprehensive functionalities, including land use planning, property management, and environmental monitoring, which are crucial for efficient land resource management.

Software solutions in land management are increasingly incorporating advanced technologies such as GIS, AI, and ML to provide enhanced functionalities and greater accuracy. These technologies enable real-time data analysis and predictive modeling, which are essential for making informed decisions about land use. The growing adoption of cloud-based land management software is also contributing to the segment’s growth, as it offers greater flexibility, scalability, and cost-effectiveness compared to traditional on-premises solutions.

On the services front, there is a rising demand for consulting, implementation, and maintenance services. As organizations and governments adopt more sophisticated land management software, they require expert guidance to ensure successful deployment and integration with existing systems. Professional services help in customizing the software solutions to meet specific needs, training users, and providing ongoing support, thereby enhancing the overall efficiency and effectiveness of land management practices.

Furthermore, the increasing complexity of land management projects, particularly in urban and environmentally sensitive areas, is driving the demand for comprehensiv

Modern non-contact methods for data acquisition are becoming widely used for monitoring soil erosion and for assessing soil degradation after rainfall events. Photogrammetric methods are especially favored to obtain a detailed and precise digital surface model (DSM) of the surveyed area. This paper introduces the algorithm and its Python implementation as a tool for ArcGIS software, which makes efficient automatic calculations of the volume of erosion rills or gullies. The input parameters are a DSM, and the rill edge polygon. The method was tested on an artificially created rill, where the result acquired using presented method was compared to the real volume. The comparison showed that the algorithm may underestimate the volume by 10–15%. In addition, the influence of the position of the rill edge polygon was tested on two DSMs of erosion rills. The resulting volumes of the rills, calculated on the basis of eight different edge polygons, varied by 5%. The algorithm also automates interpolation of the surface prior to erosion, which simplifies its usage in firstly monitored regions. The algorithm can also be used for volumetric analyses in other research areas and it is made available as a supplement of the publication.