India External Debt: USD: IMF data was reported at 22.445 USD bn in Sep 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 21.766 USD bn for Jun 2024. India External Debt: USD: IMF data is updated quarterly, averaging 5.533 USD bn from Sep 1999 (Median) to Sep 2024, with 101 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 23.314 USD bn in Sep 2021 and a record low of 0.000 USD mn in Dec 2003. India External Debt: USD: IMF data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Finance. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.FK003: External Debt:: USD.

Vietnam VN: IMF Forecast: General Government: Gross Debt: % of GDP data was reported at 58.120 % in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 57.648 % for 2022. Vietnam VN: IMF Forecast: General Government: Gross Debt: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 48.237 % from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2023, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 59.942 % in 2016 and a record low of 31.432 % in 2000. Vietnam VN: IMF Forecast: General Government: Gross Debt: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Vietnam – Table VN.IMF.FM: Government Finance Statistics.

Graph and download economic data for General government gross debt for United States from 2001 to 2023 about gross, debt, government, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Projection of General government gross debt for United States (GGGDTPUSA188N) from 2024 to 2029 about projection, gross, debt, government, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Official External Debt: Debtor Based for Guinea-Bissau (GNBDGGDPPT) from 2000 to 2025 about Guinea-Bissau, external, REO, and debt.

Graph and download economic data for General government gross debt for Greece (GGGDTAGRC188N) from 1980 to 2023 about Greece, gross, debt, and government.

Graph and download economic data for General government gross debt for China (GGGDTACNA188N) from 1995 to 2023 about China, gross, debt, and government.

The graph shows national debt in China related to gross domestic product until 2023, with forecasts to 2029. In 2023, gross national debt ranged at around 84 percent of the national gross domestic product.

The debt-to-GDP ratio

In economics, the ratio between a country's government debt and its gross domestic product (GDP) is generally defined as the debt-to-GDP ratio. It is a useful indicator for investors to measure a country's ability to fulfill future payments on its debts. A low debt-to-GDP ratio also suggests that an economy produces and sells a sufficient amount of goods and services to pay back those debts. Among the important industrial and emerging countries, Japan displayed one of the highest debt-to-GDP ratios. In 2023, the estimated national debt of Japan amounted to about 255 percent of its GDP, up from around 180 percent in 2004. One reason behind Japan's high debt load lies in its low annual GDP growth rate.

Development in China

China's national debt related to GDP grew slowly but steadily from around 23 percent in 2000 to 34 percent in 2012, only disrupted by the global financial crisis in 2008. In recent years, China increased credit financing to spur economic growth, resulting in higher levels of debt. China's real estate crisis and a difficult global economic environment require further stimulating measures by the government and will predictably lead to even higher debt growth in the years ahead.

Graph and download economic data for General government gross debt for Japan (GGGDTAJPA188N) from 1980 to 2022 about Japan, gross, debt, and government.

Ivory Coast CI: External Debt: NFL: Net Financial Flows: IMF Nonconcessional data was reported at 178.956 USD mn in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 64.578 USD mn for 2016. Ivory Coast CI: External Debt: NFL: Net Financial Flows: IMF Nonconcessional data is updated yearly, averaging 0.000 USD mn from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2017, with 48 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 376.385 USD mn in 1981 and a record low of -134.570 USD mn in 1987. Ivory Coast CI: External Debt: NFL: Net Financial Flows: IMF Nonconcessional data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ivory Coast – Table CI.World Bank.WDI: External Debt: Net Flows and Net Transfers. Net financial flows received by the borrower during the year are disbursements of loans and credits less repayments of principal. IMF is the International Monetary Fund, which provides nonconcessional lending through the credit it provides to its members, mainly to meet balance of payments needs. Data are in current U.S. dollars.; ; World Bank, International Debt Statistics.; Sum;

Thailand TH: IMF Forecast: General Government: Gross Debt: % of GDP data was reported at 41.892 % in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 41.888 % for 2022. Thailand TH: IMF Forecast: General Government: Gross Debt: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 41.890 % from Dec 1996 (Median) to 2023, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 57.826 % in 2000 and a record low of 15.193 % in 1996. Thailand TH: IMF Forecast: General Government: Gross Debt: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Thailand – Table TH.IMF.FM: Government Finance Statistics.

Switzerland IMF Forecast: General Government: Gross Debt: % of GDP data was reported at 33.694 % in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 34.880 % for 2022. Switzerland IMF Forecast: General Government: Gross Debt: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 43.870 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2023, with 34 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 59.161 % in 2004 and a record low of 33.694 % in 2023. Switzerland IMF Forecast: General Government: Gross Debt: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Switzerland – Table CH.IMF.FM: Government Finance Statistics.

Burkina Faso BF: External Debt: NFL: Net Financial Flows: IMF Concessional data was reported at 0.000 USD mn in 2018. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 USD mn for 2017. Burkina Faso BF: External Debt: NFL: Net Financial Flows: IMF Concessional data is updated yearly, averaging 0.000 USD mn from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2018, with 49 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 USD mn in 2018 and a record low of 0.000 USD mn in 2018. Burkina Faso BF: External Debt: NFL: Net Financial Flows: IMF Concessional data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Burkina Faso – Table BF.World Bank.WDI: External Debt: Net Flows and Net Transfers. Net financial flows received by the borrower during the year are disbursements of loans and credits less repayments of principal. IMF is the International Monetary Fund, which provides concessional lending through the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility and the IMF Trust Fund. Data are in current U.S. dollars.;World Bank, International Debt Statistics.;Sum;

Mauritius MU: External Debt: NFL: Net Financial Flows: IMF Nonconcessional data was reported at 0.000 USD mn in 2017. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 USD mn for 2016. Mauritius MU: External Debt: NFL: Net Financial Flows: IMF Nonconcessional data is updated yearly, averaging 0.000 USD mn from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2017, with 48 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 67.200 USD mn in 1981 and a record low of -43.531 USD mn in 1990. Mauritius MU: External Debt: NFL: Net Financial Flows: IMF Nonconcessional data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Mauritius – Table MU.World Bank.WDI: External Debt: Net Flows and Net Transfers. Net financial flows received by the borrower during the year are disbursements of loans and credits less repayments of principal. IMF is the International Monetary Fund, which provides nonconcessional lending through the credit it provides to its members, mainly to meet balance of payments needs. Data are in current U.S. dollars.; ; World Bank, International Debt Statistics.; Sum;

Gambia GM: External Debt: NFL: Net Financial Flows: IMF Nonconcessional data was reported at 0.000 USD mn in 2016. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 USD mn for 2015. Gambia GM: External Debt: NFL: Net Financial Flows: IMF Nonconcessional data is updated yearly, averaging 0.000 USD mn from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2016, with 47 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 16.200 USD mn in 1982 and a record low of -8.960 USD mn in 1986. Gambia GM: External Debt: NFL: Net Financial Flows: IMF Nonconcessional data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Gambia – Table GM.World Bank: External Debt: Net Flows and Net Transfers. Net financial flows received by the borrower during the year are disbursements of loans and credits less repayments of principal. IMF is the International Monetary Fund, which provides nonconcessional lending through the credit it provides to its members, mainly to meet balance of payments needs. Data are in current U.S. dollars.; ; World Bank, International Debt Statistics.; Sum;

Iran IR: External Debt: DIS: IMF Purchases data was reported at 0.000 USD mn in 2017. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 USD mn for 2016. Iran IR: External Debt: DIS: IMF Purchases data is updated yearly, averaging 0.000 USD mn from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2017, with 48 observations. Iran IR: External Debt: DIS: IMF Purchases data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Iran – Table IR.World Bank.WDI: External Debt: Disbursements and Interest Payment. IMF purchases are total drawings on the General Resources Account of the IMF during the year specified, excluding drawings in the reserve tranche. Data are in current U.S. dollars.; ; World Bank, International Debt Statistics.; Sum;

Algeria DZ: External Debt: DIS: IMF Purchases data was reported at 0.000 USD mn in 2014. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 USD mn for 2006. Algeria DZ: External Debt: DIS: IMF Purchases data is updated yearly, averaging 404.106 USD mn from Dec 1989 (Median) to 2014, with 10 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 841.365 USD mn in 1994 and a record low of 0.000 USD mn in 2014. Algeria DZ: External Debt: DIS: IMF Purchases data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Algeria – Table DZ.World Bank.WDI: External Debt: Disbursements and Interest Payment. IMF purchases are total drawings on the General Resources Account of the IMF during the year specified, excluding drawings in the reserve tranche. Data are in current U.S. dollars.; ; World Bank, International Debt Statistics.; Sum;

Jordan JO: External Debt: DOD: Use of IMF Credit data was reported at 1.820 USD bn in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 2.070 USD bn for 2015. Jordan JO: External Debt: DOD: Use of IMF Credit data is updated yearly, averaging 96.472 USD mn from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2016, with 47 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.070 USD bn in 2015 and a record low of 0.000 USD mn in 1984. Jordan JO: External Debt: DOD: Use of IMF Credit data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Jordan – Table JO.World Bank: External Debt: Debt Outstanding, Debt Ratio and Debt Service. Use of IMF Credit: Data related to the operations of the IMF are provided by the IMF Treasurer’s Department. They are converted from special drawing rights into dollars using end-of-period exchange rates for stocks and average-over-the-period exchange rates for flows. IMF trust fund operations under the Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility, Extended Fund Facility, Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility, and Structural Adjustment Facility (Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility in 1999) are presented together with all of the IMF’s special facilities (buffer stock, supplemental reserve, compensatory and contingency facilities, oil facilities, and other facilities). SDR allocations are also included in this category. According to the BPM6, SDR allocations are recorded as the incurrence of a debt liability of the member receiving them (because of a requirement to repay the allocation in certain circumstances, and also because interest accrues). This debt item is introduced for the first time this year with historical data starting in 1999.; ; World Bank, International Debt Statistics.; Sum;

Laos LA: External Debt: NFL: Net Financial Flows: IMF Nonconcessional data was reported at 0.000 USD mn in 2017. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 USD mn for 2016. Laos LA: External Debt: NFL: Net Financial Flows: IMF Nonconcessional data is updated yearly, averaging 0.000 USD mn from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2017, with 48 observations. Laos LA: External Debt: NFL: Net Financial Flows: IMF Nonconcessional data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Laos – Table LA.World Bank.WDI: External Debt: Net Flows and Net Transfers. Net financial flows received by the borrower during the year are disbursements of loans and credits less repayments of principal. IMF is the International Monetary Fund, which provides nonconcessional lending through the credit it provides to its members, mainly to meet balance of payments needs. Data are in current U.S. dollars.; ; World Bank, International Debt Statistics.; Sum;

Ukraine UA: External Debt: NFL: Net Financial Flows: IMF Nonconcessional data was reported at 145.907 USD mn in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 995.435 USD mn for 2016. Ukraine UA: External Debt: NFL: Net Financial Flows: IMF Nonconcessional data is updated yearly, averaging 0.000 USD mn from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2017, with 48 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 6.082 USD bn in 2009 and a record low of -5.578 USD bn in 2013. Ukraine UA: External Debt: NFL: Net Financial Flows: IMF Nonconcessional data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ukraine – Table UA.World Bank.WDI: External Debt: Net Flows and Net Transfers. Net financial flows received by the borrower during the year are disbursements of loans and credits less repayments of principal. IMF is the International Monetary Fund, which provides nonconcessional lending through the credit it provides to its members, mainly to meet balance of payments needs. Data are in current U.S. dollars.; ; World Bank, International Debt Statistics.; Sum;